sap板块说明
SAP功能讲解及实施案例

SAP功能讲解及实施案例1. 简介SAP(系统、应用和产品)是一款集成的企业资源计划(ERP)软件,提供了各种功能模块,可以帮助企业管理和协调各个部门的业务活动。
在本文中,我们将介绍一些常见的SAP功能模块,并提供一个实施案例来说明这些功能的应用。
2. SAP功能模块2.1 财务会计(FI)财务会计模块主要负责企业的财务核算。
它可以处理资产、负债、资金、成本等方面的会计信息。
财务会计模块具有以下功能: - 总账管理:记录企业的资金流入和流出,以及资产和负债的情况。
- 应收应付账款管理:管理与客户和供应商之间的交易,包括账款的核销和回款。
- 固定资产管理:跟踪企业的固定资产,并计算其折旧和减值。
- 成本会计:为企业的产品和服务计算成本,并分配成本到各个业务部门。
2.2 物料管理(MM)物料管理模块主要负责企业的供应链管理。
它可以处理采购、库存和物料需求等方面的信息。
物料管理模块具有以下功能: - 采购管理:处理采购订单、供应商评估和付款等流程。
- 库存管理:跟踪和管理企业的库存,包括物料收发和库存调整。
- 物料需求计划:根据销售订单和库存情况,预测和规划物料的需求。
2.3 生产计划与控制(PP)生产计划与控制模块主要负责企业的生产活动。
它可以处理生产计划、产品配置和生产过程控制等方面的信息。
生产计划与控制模块具有以下功能: - 生产订单管理:管理生产活动的订单,包括物料需求计划、工艺路线和物料清单等。
- 产品配置:根据客户需求来配置产品的特性和变种。
- 生产过程控制:监控生产过程中的各个环节,确保按时交付和产品质量。
2.4 销售与分销(SD)销售与分销模块主要负责企业的销售活动。
它可以处理销售订单、价格管理和客户信息等方面的信息。
销售与分销模块具有以下功能: - 销售订单管理:处理客户的销售订单,包括订单确认、交货和发票等流程。
- 价格管理:管理产品的价格表和折扣策略,以及客户的定价协议。
SAP几个模块简介

SAP简介SAP 是一家通过业务工程成功地集成信息技术的公司,SAP(System, Applications, and Products in Data Processing,数据处理的系统、应用和产品)。
SAP公司是ERP思想的倡导者,成立于1972年,总部设在德国南部的Walldorf。
SAP的主打产品R/3是用于分布式客户机/服务器环境的标准ERP软件,主要功能模块包括:销售和分销、物料管理、生产计划、质量管理、工厂维修、人力资源、工业方案、办公室和通信、项目系统、资产管理、控制、财务会计。
R/3支持的生产经营类型是:按定单生产、批量生产、合同生产、离散型、复杂设计生产、按库存生产、流程型,其用户主要分布在航空航天、汽车、化工、消费品、电器设备、电子,食品饮料等行业。
SAP R/3的功能涵盖了企业管理业务的各个方面,这些功能模块服务于各个不同的企业管理领域。
在每个管理领域,R/3又提供进一步细分的单一功能子模块,例如财务会计模块包括总账、应收账、应付账、财务控制、金融投资、报表合并、基金管理等子模块。
SAP所提供的是一个有效的标准而又全面的ERP软件,同时软件模块化结构保证了数据单独处理的特殊方案需求。
目前,SAP在120多个国家和地区拥有17,500多家客户、44,500多个系统安装点、1000万名最终用户,世界500强80%以上的公司都在使用SAP的管理方案。
SAP在全球多家证券交易所上市,包括法兰克福证交所和纽约证交所。
SAP在八十年代开始同中国企业合作,于1995年正式成立中国分公司,并设立了北京、上海、广州分公司。
根据IDC数据,2000年SAP在中国ERP软件市场份额达到30%,并逐年递增。
SAP在中国已有300多家用户,其中既包括中国石化、中化、红塔、海尔、联想、COSCO、长虹、一汽-大众、上海通用、上海浦发行、国贸中心、李宁、乐百氏、麦德龙、万科、康佳、浙江电力、上海三菱、小天鹅、大唐电信、宗申摩托、华凌空调等大型企业和集团,也包括宝岛眼镜、青岛狮王、兆维晓通、杭州解放路百货等中小型企业。
SAP 功能说明

關閉此帳號使用者,只本機帳號登入 與正在使用者共用此帳號 不登入
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SAP R/3 Initial Screen初始畫面
此處輸入交易代碼
標題列
顯示目前交易
交易代碼T-Code
復寫提示按鍵盤Inset鍵開 啟和取消
系統狀態 System:系統名稱 Client:客戶端 User:當前用戶名 Program:當前程式名 Transaction:當前交易代碼
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多重視窗
同時執行多個交易 使用者可隨時在任一視窗中, 再開啟新的視窗 最多可同時開啟六個視窗
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Download下載資料 1 1
2
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個人相關資訊 系統環境設定
自訂本端格式 (Customizing of Local Layout) System Messages系統信息
文件結構
使用時填寫欄位注意事項 多重視窗 Download 資料
Set User Profile個人相關資訊
使用者可依循如圖示路徑, 進入維護使用 者設定檔的交易, 或直接在命令欄位輸入 交易碼 SU3, 進入使用者設定檔的初始畫 面.
Error Messages(錯誤訊息):
幫助使用者發現錯誤. 使用者必須先排除錯誤才 能繼續執行交易.
Information Messages(一般訊息):
僅提供使用者交易狀態的資訊, 或執行交易的方法
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Documents文件結構
SAP
透過文件(Document)紀錄交易資料.
標準文件包含以下三個部分:
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顯示交易代碼T-Code
空白處點右鍵勾選 display technical names
SAP基本操作界面与功能概述(ppt 71页)

Warehouse (850) STSZ (LT)
Warehouse 仓库
Interplant Transfer STSZ - 500
Shipping Area
STSZ - 916
Difference 999
Stock Transfers 920
StorageSection
WM 内部结构
仓库管理分层结构
仓库号
存储类型 货位
份的定义
份
物料 / 批次 库存类别 特殊库存 工厂 存储单元号
Page 10 of 70
主数据:
• 仓库号 (WM NO.) • 存储类型 (storage type) • 存储段 (storage section) • 货位 (storage Bin) • 存储单元 (storage unit) • 份 (Quant)
Goods are shipped from
the GI Area
库存-状态
库存状 态
合格
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在检
封存冻结 特殊库存
…… 寄售
库存-盘点
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三.SAP界面说明
3.1登录SAP
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3.2退出SAP
退出SAP界面快捷键: F3
退出操作界面 时,系统会提 示是否先保存
显示编码主数据--品质,仓库管理视图
每个物料的库存总计(库存管理) 每个物料的仓位库存 每个物料的库存总计(仓库管理) 物料凭证清单--查询功能 显示库存记录--IM库存管理 WM库存管理报告 显示结果清单 显示用法决策
MM03
MMBE LS24 LS26 MB51 MB52 LX02 QGA2 QA13
SAP-SD模块详细讲义

Chemical Industry
半 成 品
成 品
其 他
库位相关的数据
工厂相关的数据
MRP 类型 计划交货时间 采购组
销售相关的数据
交货工厂 销售文本
计量单位 托盘
仓库管理系统数据
评估价
评估数据
存储期间 存储条件
一般数据
物 料 号码 说 明 基 础 计量 单 位 技术资料
物料需求计划
销售
采购
分 类
预测
工 作 排 程
成 本
会计
品 质 管 理
仓库 管 理
存储体
物 料 主 档
物料类型与产业
原 料
原 料
半 成 品
成 品
其 他
Mechanical Engineering
服务公司
销售渠道
产品线
产品线
库位
集团公司
集团公司
销售区域1
销售区域2
销售区域3
销售区域4
公司代码 1
销售区域5
销售区域6
公司代码 2
公司代码
代表一个独立的会计结算单位, 例如:一个子公司或集团公司成员; 资产负债表, 损益表和法律需求, 都建立在公司代码层次上。
销售组织
Forecast data
预测数据
耗用值
物料主数据
物料主数据建议采取集中建立,分成多个不同的视图,系统功能完整,可符合各种不同产业之需要; 每一物料,除基本资料外,其余视图,可依不同之工厂、库位、销售组织 (含销售渠道)、仓库号码…等分別建立; 不可出现一料多号、或多料共用一号之奇特现象。
物料主数据
客户物料主数据
销售组织 1000 销售渠道 01 买 方 C1
SAP功能详解文档教案

SAP功能详解文档教案1 SAP R/3 系统中的财会子系统 (4)1.1企业结构的变化 (4)1.2治理手段 (4)1.3决策的基础 (4)1.4国际性的应用系统 (4)1.5要紧功能模块 (4)1.6财务会计 (5)1.6.1 适用性 (5)1.6.2 集成性 (5)1.6.3 关于各类凭证的原那么 (5)1.6.4 文档系统 (5)1.6.5 会计科目表 (6)1.6.6 货币 (6)1.6.7 资产负债表 (6)1.6.8 明细分类帐 (6)1.6.9 合并财务报表 (6)1.6.10 法定合并 (7)1.6.11 应收帐款 (7)1.6.12 应对帐款 (7)1.6.13 固定资产会计核算 (7)1.6.14 专门分类帐 (8)2 财会子系统的组织结构 (9)2.1财务会计和治理会计的集成 (9)2.2公司代码 (9)2.3集中式公司的治理模式 (9)2.4分布式公司的治理模式 (9)2.4.1 分布式系统〔ALE〕 (10)2.5集团公司报表 (10)2.5.1 集团公司 (10)3 作为系统集成的中心--- 总分类帐 (10)4 总分类帐差不多术语 (11)4.1公司代码 (11)4.2业务部门 (11)4.3凭证 (11)4.3.1 凭证原那么 (11)4.3.2 差不多凭证参数 (12)4.3.3 更换凭证 (12)4.4会计科目表 (13)4.4.1 会计科目表的组织结构 (13)4.4.2 在多种语言方面的灵活性 (13)4.5总分类帐科目 (13)4.5.1 总帐科目主记录的结构 (14)4.5.2 对主记录的处理 (14)4.5.3 行项目显示 (14)4.5.4 科目余额 (15)5.1打算 (15)5.2总分类帐科目记帐 (16)5.2.1 一次性记帐的原那么 (16)5.2.2 数据集成 (16)5.2.3 明细分类帐与总分类帐的和谐一致 (17)5.2.4 数据输入的工具 (17)5.2.5 附加的检验功能 (17)5.2.6 多种货币的处理能力 (18)5.2.7 未清项治理 (18)5.3结算 (18)5.3.1 在会计年度内的结算 (18)5.3.2 年终结算 (18)5.3.3 结算报表 (19)6 财务会计信息系统 (21)7 专门用途的分类帐 (22)7.1对象 (22)7.1.1 分析 (22)7.2帐户分配条件与总计格式 (22)7.2.1 帐户分配 (22)7.3货币与数量 (22)7.3.1 汇率 (22)7.3.2 数量 (23)7.4灵活定义的会计期间 (23)7.4.1 记帐期间 (23)7.5集成性 (23)7.5.1 概况 (23)7.5.2 主数据 (23)7.5.3 来自其他SAP R/3 应用模块的数据更新 (24)7.5.4 直截了当输入数据 (24)7.5.5 从非SAP 的系统来的数据 (24)7.5.6 与其他SAP 模块的和谐一致 (24)7.6分配 (25)7.6.1 概述 (25)7.6.2 分配与分摊功能 (25)7.7打算 (26)7.7.1 概述 (26)7.7.2 打算参数 (26)7.7.3 打算分摊功能 (26)7.7.4 打算值 (27)7.8报表 (27)7.8.1 概述 277.8.2 报表定义 (28)7.8.3 可变的输出媒介 (28)7.8.4 交互式报表 (28)8 财会日历 (29)9 应收帐款会计核算 (30)9.1.1 主记录的重要性 (30)9.1.2 结构 (31)9.1.3 编辑主记录 (32)9.2科目有关会计业务 (33)9.2.1 发票及贷项凭证 (33)9.2.2 支付 (34)9.2.3 专门操作 (37)9.3凭证和科目的处理 (38)9.3.1 凭证和科目的显示 (38)9.3.2 凭证更换 (39)9.4催款通知 (39)9.4.1 催款程序的功能 (39)9.4.2 催款过程 (40)9.5信函 (41)9.5.1 支付通知 (41)9.6报表 (43)9.6.1 主记录清单 (43)9.6.2 客户分析 (43)9.6.3 科目 (43)9.7客户信贷治理 (43)9.7.1 分配信贷限额 (44)9.7.2 监控信贷限额 (44)9.7.3 显示及分析功能 (44)9.7.4 定单接收和发货中的信贷操纵 (45)10 应对帐款会计核算 (45)10.1供应商主记录 (46)10.1.1 供应商主记录的作用 (46)10.1.2 结构 (46)10.1.3 处理主记录 (47)10.2应对帐款会计核算系统中的会计业务 (48)10.2.1 发票和贷项凭证 (48)10.2.2 贷项凭证 (51)10.2.3 支付 (51)10.2.4 专门交易 (54)10.3凭证和帐户的处理 (55)10.3.1 凭证和帐户的显示 (55)10.3.2 凭证的更换 (56)10.4信函 (56)10.4.2 报表 (58)10.4.3 主记录清单 (58)10.4.4 供应商分析 (58)10.4.5 科目 (58)1SAP R/3 系统中的财会子系统1.1企业结构的变化企业经营治理的全球化和多元化推动了世界范畴内企业结构的变化,同时使业务流程日益复杂。
SAP里的字段说明,常用术语汇集
Sold-to-party : 下订单客户售达方Ship-to-party : 收货之客户收货方Bill-to-party : 仅指收发票之客户开票方Payer-to-party : 付款人付款方Customer Code : 客户代码Sales Organization : 销售业务组织,指台达的某一事业部Distribution Channel : 销售通路分销渠道Division : 产品别生产线Sales Areas : 销售网 , 销售业务组织 + 销售通路 + 产品别Company Code : 公司代码Incoterms : 国际交运条件Payment Terms : 付款条件Price Master : 单价主档YWST : 销项税则ZWST : 销退税则内销 : 凡以人民币付款的均为内销外销 : 凡非以人民币付款的均为外销Order Type : 合约类别订单类型ATP check : Available to promise 通过ATP check confirm so 的 delivery date 和数量反转 : 因SO中某些数据Key in 错误,影响后续出货作业,才执行此动作D/O (Delivery Note) : 出货通知单Shipping Method : 运输方式BOM (Bill of Material): 某机种或组合料号包含所有材料的表列,它分为 group bom (client bom)是整个集团的材料表;bom是已经做过allocate的group bom .BLK(Block):工单锁定.Backflush材料: 不按工单领料,仓库也不作扣帐动作.它是由制作部confirm工单时进行扣帐.CFC CONFIRM工单,由制造部完成,可以确认实际工时,实际产出数量,BF材料的扣帐动作.DMS(Document Management System): 文件管理系统,目前DELTA 的所有有料号者皆可将其材料资料存放于Server中.Depedent Requirement: 相依需求,相对于独立需求而产生的需求.DLV(Delivery):工单完全入库.ECN (Engineer Change Notification):工程变更通知书.EO/P 制程外包订单.Hierarchy: 各工作站可透过一个结构关系将其产能需求及有效产能整合到一个统计性(虚拟)的工作站中,此结构关系的设定称为Hierarchy的建立.Indepedent Requirement: 根据业务的FORECAST和S/O而产生的需求.Lead Time : 某机种的生产时间.MPS(Main Production Schedule):主生产排程.OP(operation) Code: 制程代码,即是routing中各个制程的序号.Order Date:工单日期.Pilot run: 试制,即是试验性生产.Pro.ord(Production Order):工单,也就是工令,它是生产顺利进行的核心.S/O产生出来的需求.Routing: 制造途程,生产某一机种的过程.Rework: 针对某些不合格的产品,进行重新加工.REL: release工单,由生管完成,它是工单核准作业,release过后的工单才能算作有效工单.Schedule Date:上线日期.TECO(Technical Complete):工单关闭.Work Center: 工作站或工作群组.有生技部IE维护.工时:生产所需时间,它包括:标准工时,实际工时,异常工时,除外工时MM常用术语汇集MM: materials management,即物料管理.MRP: material requirement planning,即物料需求计划P/ purchase order,采购向厂商所下正式订单.P/R: purchase requisition, run MRP时所得的采购需求单PlOrd: planned order, run MRP时所得的计划订单.ROH: SAP系统中所定义 raw material 类别.FERT: SAP系统中所定义成品类别.S/ sales order, 业务订单.Delivery: 常指业务订单的出货单号码.Schedule: 常指工作计划的时间表或进度表Master data: 当有增加新厂商时,需维护该厂商的主文件数据,包括Vendor master / Source list / Info record / material master等数据.Source list: 设定料号的供货商名单Info record: 主要用于维护购买单价.此单价需经采购主管核准后始得键入,并于开立订单时系统自动带出单价Subcontract process: 指外加作业,可不需开立工单就能将 Subcontract BOM带入订单内;可直接于SAP系统直接控管台及厂商处的库存, 可免除现行手记帐的缺点Consignment parts: 指厂商将材料寄放于台达仓库,待台达厂需要时,再领出使用;执行优点是厂商交货时不须付款,待台达厂领用后才付款Components: 成品或机种组成成份的称谓Confirm: 确认事务的一种行为方式,如采购为使材料能够准确满足生产需求,必须confirm厂商的交期.Release: 采购向厂商下P/O之后,必须透过一定权限经由主管对此张P/O做 release后才能收料.Goods receipt: 收料,如厂商送货到台达后,仓库需做收料动作.Goods issue: 发料,如生产线从仓库领走材料后,仓库需做发料动作Goods transfer: 转仓,如B.F.材料从仓库发料后需做转仓动作.P/N: part number,材料的料号.Spare parts: 呆料,即已不使用的材料.Return delivery: 退货,如当厂商的材料发生质量问题时,仓库配合相关单位所做的退货处理作业.MVT: Movement type, 材料收发料后仓库在SAP系统中所做相应动作产生的异动代码,如 101 / 102 / 261 / 262等.Work order: 指工单发料或扣帐中所识别的工单号码,即工令.FI常用术语chart of account 会计科目chart of accounts 会计科目表primary cost elements 主要成本要素secondary cost elements 次要成本要素order-related cost elements 订单相关成本要素stocks of finished and semifished products 产成品和在产inventory change 库存变动closing accounts 结帐short-term capital resources短期资本来源current assets 应该是“流动资产”activity type————作业类型chart of accounts————科目表credit————贷方debit————借方document————凭证financial year————会计年度 overhead————间接费用posting priods————过帐期间ledger 分类帐、分类总帐sub-ledger 明细帐。
sap2021中文说明
sap2021中文说明●图形介面SAP2000图形介面(GUI)用于建立模型,分析,设计及显示结构状况。
●结构模型以如下的内容描述结构物·材料性质·梁、柱或者桁架杆件的FRAME单元·墙、楼板或者其他薄板的SHELL单元·表示单元接合处的JOINTS·支承JOINTS的约束(RESTRINTS)及弹簧(SPRINGS)·荷载含自重、温度、地震及其他·经SAP2000分析后,亦可显示荷载导致的位移、应力及反力图形介面提供多种有效工具去建立结构模型,甚至可利用内定基本模型及最佳设计去修正模型。
●坐标系统所有位置的定义皆使用单一整体坐标系。
此为三次元,右手定则的直角坐标系。
三轴为X、Y、Z。
结构模型的各成份(JOINT,FRAME单元,SHELL单元等)皆依各自的局部坐标系去定义性质,荷载及反应值。
局部坐标的三轴为1,2及3。
于建立或者显示结构模型时尚可另建补助坐标系统。
●主视窗含完整的图形介面。
利用Windows的操作此视窗可移动,改变尺寸,最大最小化或者关闭。
主标题位于主视窗的顶部,显示程序名及模型名。
●功能列位于功能列的功能含SAP2000所提供的大部分功能。
●主工具列提供快速操作功能,特别是有关显示的操作,大部分功能皆可由功能列上执行。
●浮动工具列提供变更模型的快速指令,所有功能皆包含于功能列上。
浮动工具列可利用鼠标左键移动或者变形。
●显示视窗显示视窗显示模型的几何形状,亦可包含单元性质,荷载,分析结果。
并可同时显示四个视窗。
各视窗有独自的视点,显示类型,显示选项。
比如未变形模型显示于1个视窗荷载另1个视窗,动能变形于第3视窗,设计应力比于第4视窗。
也能够为四种不一致类型的未变形模型或者其他,一个平面,两向立面及一个透视。
每次仅有一显示视窗“可动作(Active)”,浏览及显示操作仅于目前可动作视窗有效,可按一下标题列或者视窗范围内使该视窗变为可活动。
sap使用手册
sap使用手册摘要:1.SAP简介2.SAP使用手册的作用3.SAP使用手册的内容4.如何使用SAP使用手册5.SAP使用手册的更新与维护6.结论正文:SAP(Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing)是一家全球性的企业软件解决方案提供商,其产品涵盖了企业资源规划(ERP)、客户关系管理(CRM)、供应链管理(SCM)等多个领域。
SAP使用手册是针对SAP软件的使用者提供的一份详尽的操作指南,旨在帮助用户更好地理解和应用SAP系统。
1.SAP简介SAP成立于1972年,总部位于德国沃尔多夫市,是全球最大的企业软件解决方案提供商。
SAP的ERP系统在全球范围内得到了广泛的应用,为各种规模和行业的企业提供了全面的信息管理解决方案。
2.SAP使用手册的作用SAP使用手册为SAP软件的使用者提供了详细的操作指南,包括系统配置、功能模块、业务流程等方面的内容。
通过阅读SAP使用手册,用户可以了解SAP软件的功能特点、操作方法以及注意事项,从而提高工作效率,降低错误率。
3.SAP使用手册的内容SAP使用手册的内容通常包括以下几个方面:(1)系统概述:介绍SAP系统的整体架构、模块组成以及与其他系统的集成情况。
(2)功能模块:详细说明各个功能模块的功能、操作流程以及与其他模块的关联关系。
(3)业务流程:描述企业的实际业务流程如何在SAP系统中进行处理。
(4)系统配置:介绍如何对SAP系统进行配置,以满足企业的特定需求。
(5)操作指南:提供具体的操作步骤和示例,指导用户进行日常操作。
4.如何使用SAP使用手册要充分利用SAP使用手册,用户可以按照以下步骤进行操作:(1)了解系统概述:通过阅读系统概述部分,用户可以对SAP系统有一个整体的认识。
(2)熟悉功能模块:根据工作需要,学习并掌握相关的功能模块。
(3)掌握业务流程:理解企业的业务流程在SAP系统中的处理方式,以便更好地完成工作任务。
sap全面概述中文90页v2.22
目录前言................................ 错误!未定义书签。
SAP简介 ............................. 错误!未定义书签。
SAP R/3系统概述...................... 错误!未定义书签。
第一章 SAP R/3 生产计划和控制PM ...... 错误!未定义书签。
第二章 SAP R/3 物料管理MM............ 错误!未定义书签。
第三章 SAP R/3 销售与分销 ............ 错误!未定义书签。
第四章 SAP R/3 财务会计FI............ 错误!未定义书签。
第五章SAP R/3 管理会计CO ............ 错误!未定义书签。
第六章 SAP R/3 资产管理 .............. 错误!未定义书签。
第七章 SAP R/3 质量管理QM............ 错误!未定义书签。
第八章 SAP R/3 人力资源系统HR........ 错误!未定义书签。
SAP 与其他各软件厂商的比较............ 错误!未定义书签。
成功案例............................ 错误!未定义书签。
SAP R/3在联想ERP系统中的应用........ 错误!未定义书签。
SAP R/3系统在小天鹅股份有限公司成功实施错误!未定义书签。
上海飞利浦实施SAP ERP之路.......... 错误!未定义书签。
浙江电力ERP实施SAP R/3情况评析..... 错误!未定义书签。
SAP R-3系统在亚星—奔驰有限公司的应用错误!未定义书签。
失败案例............................ 错误!未定义书签。
千万元工程的陨落——国企ERP实施亲历记错误!未定义书签。
前言SAP简介SAP是一家通过业务工程成功地集成信息技术的公司,SAP(System, Applications, and Products in Data Processing,数据处理的系统、应用和产品)。
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Moreover, ACE+TAO are provided with no support and without any obligation on the part of Washington University, UC Irvine, Vanderbilt University, their employees, or students to assist in its use, correction, modification, or enhancement. However, commercial support for ACE is available from Riverace and commercial support for TAO is available from OCI and PrismTech. Both ACE and TAO areY2K-compliant, as long as the underlying OS platform is Y2K-compliant.Washington University, UC Irvine, Vanderbilt University, their employees, and students shall have no liability with respect to the infringement of copyrights, trade secrets or any patents by ACE+TAO or any part thereof. Moreover, in no event will Washington University, UC Irvine, or Vanderbilt University, their employees, or students be liable for any lost revenue or profits or other special, indirect and consequential damages.The ACE and TAO web sites are maintained by the Center for Distributed Object Computing of Washington University for the development of open-source software as part of the open-source software community. Bysubmitting comments, suggestions, code, code snippets, techniques (including that of usage), and algorithms, submitters acknowledge that they have the right to do so, that any such submissions are given freely and unreservedly, and that they waive any claims to copyright or ownership. In addition, submitters acknowledge that any such submission might become part of the copyright maintained on the overall body of code, which comprises the ACE and TAO software. By making a submission, submitter agrees to these terms. Furthermore, submitters acknowledge that the incorporation or modification of such submissions is entirely at the discretion of the moderators of the open-source ACE+TAO projects or their designees.The names ACE(TM), TAO(TM), Washington University, UC Irvine, and Vanderbilt University, may not be used to endorse or promote products or services derived from this source without express written permission from Washington University, UC Irvine, or Vanderbilt University. Further, products or services derived from this source may not be called ACE(TM) or TAO(TM), nor may the name Washington University, UC Irvine, or Vanderbilt University appear in their names, without express written permission from Washington University, UC Irvine, and Vanderbilt University.。