英语考试资料词汇选择题
4月全国英语词汇学自考试题及答案解析
全国2019年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832第一部分选择题（共30分）Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1.The process of meaning relation is also called .()A．extension B．degradation C．specialization D．elevation2.Idioms in the coursebook are used in a . ()A．broad sense B．narrow sense C．figurative sense D．special sense3.The relationship between the linguistic sign and a referent is . () A．conventional B．non-conventionalC．concrete D．specific4.The way to define an antonym is based on . ()A．contradiction B．contrarinessC．oppositeness D．relativeness5.The fact that the whole vocabulary can be divided up into fields can be exemplified by .()A．Roget’s Thesaurus B．Concise Oxford DictionaryC．New Webster’s Dictionary D．Co-build Dictionary6.Context meaning.（）A．explains B．interprets C．defines D．all the above7.Though still at work today , can hardly compare with what it was in the past. （）A．word-formation B．borrowing C．derivation D．conversion8.Structural stability means the structure of an idiom is generally . （）A．movable B．unstableC．unchangeable D．ununderstandable9.Sentence idioms can be divided into . （）A．declarative and imperative B．interrogative and exclamativeC．verbal and adverbial D．both A and B10. is considered to be a highly-inflected language. （）A．Old English B．Middle EnglishC．Early Modern English D．Late Modern English11.A morpheme that can stand alone as a word is thought to be . （）A．affixational B．derivational C．free D．bound12.The introduction of at the end of the 6th century had a great impact on the English vocabulary. （）A．printing B．Christianity C．French words D．all the above13.Which of the following statements is true? （）A．Every word has reference.B．E very word has sense.C．E very word is semantically motivated.D．Every word is conceptually motivated.14.Which of the following statements is CORRECT? （）A．The English language is noted for its modest borrowings.B．L oan words only refer to those borrowings in form.C．L oan words are all unrecognisable as being foreign in origin.D．Loan words can be grouped according to manner of borrowing.15.The relationship between words and things in the world is established by means of . （）A．reference B．sense C．concept D．meaning第二部分非选择题（共70分）Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16.The degraded meaning “sexual desire ”of the word “lust ”comes from its old meaning “”.17.Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and .18.The headword or entries are defined in the same language in a dictionary.19.The basic word stock forms the common of the language.20 Conceptual meaning is also known as meaning.Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) sense relations , 2) types of context , and 3) modes of word-meaning changes.(10%)A B()21.difference in connotation A. fond (from “foolish” to “affectionate”)()22.perfect homonym B. homely /domestic()23.degradation C. date ;date()24.transfer D. diseasing (from “discomfort ”to “illness”)()25.elevation E. fabulous (from “resembling a fable ”to “incredible”) ()26.narrowing F. jour nal (from “daily paper” to “periodical” )()27.extension G. silly (from “happy” to “foolish”)()28.generalization H. pitiful (from “full of pity” to “deserving pity”)()29.grammatical context I. It was a nice ball.()30.lexical context J. Visiting aunts can be boring.Ⅳ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of word formation , 2) types of affixes, 3) types of dictionaries, and 4) the type of idiom. (10%)31.LDCE ()32.deadline ()33.-ize,-en,-ate ()34.an affix that indicates grammatical relationships ()35.VOA ()36.The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology ()37.CED ()38.telephone →phone ()39.fly in the ointment ()40.hostess ()Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%)41.a variation of an idiom42.morphs43.synonym44.jargon45.semantic motivationⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46.What is the role of context?47.Is it true that archaic and obsolete words in English will remain for ever out of use?48.What is the difference between partial and full conversion? Explain with two examples.Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)49.Read the extract, pick out the idioms and explain their meanings. Then rewrite the extract in standard non-figurative language.Sam is getting on ,too .His hair is pepper and salt, but he knows how to make up for lost time by taking it easy.ment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of subordinates and superordinates.a. The girl got a book in the university.b. The girl borrowed a dictionary from the department.。
2023年10月自学考试00832英语词汇学真题试题
2023年10月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码:008321.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
2.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
选择题部分注意事项:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I . Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(1%X30=30%)1.Chook is a word of _______, which means chicken.A.American EnglishB.British EnglishC.Scottish EnglishD.Australian English2.When dough and bread is used as a slang, it means_____.A.moneyB.headC.drunkD.cooking utensil3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.According to semanticists, a word is a unit of meaning.B.According to grammarians, a word is a free form that can function in a sentence.C.In visual terms, a word can be defined as a meaningful group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.D. In terms of spoken language, a word is viewed as a sound or combination of sounds which are made involuntarily with human vocal equipment.4. Between 1250 and 1500, with Britain having trade relations with the low countries, especially Holland, as many as 2,500 words of _______origin found their way into English.A. FrenchB. DutchC. LatinD.Scandinavian5. Which of the following is the new word resulting from rapid growth of science and technology in the English vocabulary?A. fast foodB. TV dinnerC. moon walkD.stir fry6. The word denaturalization can be broken down into_minimal meaningful units.A. fourB. fiveC. sixD. seven7. In the word internationalists, the root is__.A. inter-B. -nation-C.-tion-D.-s8. The word antecedent can be broken down into________.A. ante-,-ced-, -entB.ante-,-ce-,-dentC. an-,-te-,-ced-,-entD.an-,-te-,-ce-,-dent9. Of the following words, the word“_____” does NOT have a derivational prefix.B. subseaC.contradictD. handcuff10. The formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class is called __.A. affixationB. functional shiftpoundingD. phrase clipping11. The majority of prefixes are characterized by their non-class-changing nature. Accordingly, we shall classify prefixes on a_____basis.A. morphemicB. morphologicC. syntacticD.semantic12. Of the following words, the word“_____”is NOT a deverbal noun formed by suffixation.A. decisionB. friendshipC.existenceD. protection13. The meanings of many words often relate directly to their origins. Such words have_____ motivation.A. onomatopoeicB. morphologicalC.semanticD.etymological14.The_meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core ofword-meaning.A. grammaticalC. conceptualD. associative15. The word home, whose conceptual meaning is a “dwelling place”, reminds readers of their “family, friends, warmth, safety", etc. This shows the__meaning of a word.A. connotativeB. stylisticC. affectiveD. collocative16. The primary meaning of the word neck is_____.A. that part of the garmentB. the narrowest part of anything: bottle, land or channelC. that part of man or animal joining the head to the bodyD. a narrow part between the head and body or base of any object17. Which of the following pairs of antonyms belongs to contradictory terms?A. hot / warmB. sell/ buyC. husband / wifeD.true / false18. The pair of words flower /rose shows such a sense relation as_____.A. polysemyB. synonymyC. antonymyD. hyponymy19. The word butcher began with the meaning of “one who kills goats”, but now it means “one who kills animals”. This process is called____.A. extensionB. narrowingC.elevationD. degradation20. Which of the following words is an example of narrowing of word-meaning?A. disease (meaning: discomfort → illness)B. journal (meaning: daily paper→periodical)C. knight (meaning: servant→ rank below baronet)D. company (meaning: one who shares bread→ a company)21. From which of the following examples can we see transfer of sensations?A. the lip of a woundB. the hope of a familyC. pitiful and doubtfulD.sweet music22. Which of the following statements is NOT true about lexical context?A. It is one type of extra-linguistic context.B. It may provide clues for inferring word meaning.C. It refers to the words that occur together with the word in question.D. The meaning of the word is often affected and defined by the neighbouring words.23. What does the word quick mean in the following context?John, one of the group, has just told a joke. Everyone laughs except Adam. Then Adam laughs. One of the students says: I do think Adam's quick.A. Quick in development.B. Quick to hear the joke.C. Slow in learning things.D. Slow to understand the joke.24.What does the word do mean in the phrase do the flowers?A. work outB. brushC.arrangeD.study25.Which of the following is an idiom?A. Till the cows come home.B. Till the sheep come home.C. Till the horses come home.D. Till the pigeons come home.26.Which of the following is NOT a variation of idiom?A. synecdocheB. replacementC.dismemberingD. shortening27. As cool as a cucumber is a_____.A. true IdiomB. complete idiomC.semi-idiomD. regular combination28. Chop and change is an idiom ______in nature .A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial29. Collins COBUILD English Usage is a(n)______.A. unbridged dictionaryB. desk dictionaryC. pocket dictionaryD. specialized dictionary30. Which of the following is NOT usually included in the usage section of a dictionary?A. styleB. usage levelC. definitionD.colouring非选择题部分注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。
大学英语专业词汇学试题
大学英语专业词汇学试题2000年4月全国自学考试--英语词汇学试卷及答案第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（）A. moreB. littleC. lessD. gradual2..Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（）A. general dictionariesB. monolingual dictionariesC. both A and BD. neither A and B3. The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（）A.morphologically motivatedB. etymologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. none of the above4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（）A.borrowingB. semantic changeC. creation of new wordsD. all the above5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（）A.generalizedB. expandedC. elevatedD. degraded6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than onemorph according to their position in word.（）A.alternative morphsB. single morphsC. abstract unitsD. discrete units7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（）A.ItalicB. GermanicC. CelticD. Hellenicpounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.A. semanticsB. grammarC. phoneticsD. lexicology9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _______.（）A. repetitionB. alliterationC. rhymeD. none of the above10.Which of the following words is a functional word?（）A. OftenB. NeverC. AlthoughD. Desk11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _______.（）A.semantic unityB. structural stabilityC. idiomatic variationD. figure of speech12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _______.（）e idioms correctly and appropriatelyB. understand idioms correctlyC. remember idioms quicklyD. try a new method of classification13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _______.（）A. long（not short）B. ball（a dancing party）C. rock（rock'n'roll）D. ad（advertisement）14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _______.（）A.the influx of borrowingB. repetitionC. analogyD. shortening15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（）A. Words and phrases.B. SentencesC. Text or passageD. Time and place第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and ___________________.17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _________________.ELD is a ________________ dictionary.19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river",the word "mouth" is _________________ motivated.20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is ________________ context.Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to1)types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and4)meaning and context.（10%） A B21.Scandinavian（） l（place where things are made）22.Germanic（）B.grammatical23.extension（）C.double meaning24.narrowing（）D.Swedish25.linguistic（）prehend/understand26.ambiguity（）F.Dutch27.participants（）G.degermined28.difference in denotation（）H.pigheaded29.appreciative（）I.non-linguistic30.pejorative（）J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes）Ⅳ.Study the following words or expressions and identify1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and types of word formation or prefixes.（10%）31.predict（）32.motel（）33.potatoes（）34.blueprint（）35.preliminaries（）36.Southward（）37.demilitarize（）38.hypersensityve（）39.retell（）40.multi-purposes（）Ⅴ.Define the following terms.（10%） 41.acronymy 42.native words 43.elevation 44.stylistic meaning 45.monolingral dictionaryⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%）46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type.47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points.48.What are the clues generally provided in verbal context? Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%）49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly 50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract and explain its origin and the effect of using this form."Well, it's the old story of the stitch in time," he said.。
大学英语四级考试词汇选择专项训练题
大学英语四级考试词汇选择专项训练题大学英语四级考试词汇选择专项训练题勤奋和智慧是双胞胎，懒惰和愚蠢是亲兄弟。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语四级考试词汇选择专项训练题，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!1. Obviously he was _______ by the shop owner when she was shopping in that store.A. supposedB. supplementedC. sweptD. cheated2. The report mentioned that some important people had attended the closing ________.A. surgeonB. suspicionC. ceremonyD. target3. The blood _______ in the body and provides what the body needs.A. swellsB. circulatesC. tastesD. tempted4. His explanation has _________ this mystery and helped us to understand better.A. surveyedB. clarifiedC. surrenderedD. torn5. Many job _____ will be opened up in the future for those with a university educationA. opportunitiesB. necessitiesC. realitiesD. occurrences6. The earthquake in the past ten years caused many buildings to _______.A. collapseB. terrifyC. tendD. threaten7. My __________ will fully support my plan in building the dam there.A. threatsB. treatmentsC. trianglesD. colleagues8. His poor health __________ him to resign from his job.A. compelledB. treasuredC. transplantedD. trimmed9. The bus ___________ with the truck on the highway last night.A. unitedB. undertookC. vanishedD. collided10. The city is __________of three sections, which are separated by rivers.A. upsetB. valuedC. composedD. ventured11. The firms are not allowed to set up any trade ________ among them.A. barrierB. blameC. benefitD. duty12. The street was ____________ by the police for fear that there was a bomb.A. deceivedB. deliveredC. damagedD. blocked13. The economy in this city was _______ by the new investment from abroad.A. cancelledB. boomedC. buriedD. crowded14. On _______ of the school, I’d like to welcome you all.A. behalfB. dairyC. decadeD. delight15. He is a ______ boy because he was not afraid of fighting with the bad man.A. dampB. delicateC. cruelD. bold16. There used to be an old city here, which was _______ under the river about 2000 years ago.A. insultedB. insulatedC. buriedD. interrupted17. The trip to the west has been ________ due to the lack of the funds.A. insistedB. canceledC. infectedD. inferred18. What he suggested will be ___________ to your plan.A. infiniteB. intimateC. inflexibleD. beneficial19. His birthday was ________ in a big hotel and attended by about 200 people.A. inspectedB. installedC. celebratedD. interfered20. The windy weather is _____________ of this city in spring.A. supremeB. characteristicC. suspiciousD. sympathetic Vocabulary Test 21 .D suppose 假设;supplement 补充;sweep 扫地;cheat 欺骗2 .C surgeon 外科;suspicion 怀疑;ceremony 仪式;target 预算3 .B swell 膨胀;circulate 循环;taste 品尝;tempted 引诱4 .B survey 调查;clarify 澄清;surrender 投降;torn 斯裂5 .A opportunities 机会;necessities 必需品;reality 真实，现实;occurrences 发生6 .A collapse 崩塌;terrify 使害怕;tend 趋势;threaten 危险7 .D threat 威胁;treatment 对待;triangle 三角;colleagues 同事8 .A compel 迫使;treasure 珍惜;transplanted 移植;trim 修剪9 .D unite 团结;undertake 承担;vanish 消失;collide 与相撞10 .C upset 沮丧;value 珍视;compose 由组成;venture 冒险{ad300_right}}11 .A barrier 壁障;blame 指责;benefit 受益;duty 责任12 .D deceive 欺骗;deliver 送;damage 损坏;blocked 阻塞;封锁13 .B cancel 撤消;boom 繁荣;bury 埋;crowd 使拥挤14 .A behalf 代表;dairy 牛奶场;decade 十年;delight 高兴15 .D damp 潮湿的;delicate 娇气;cruel 冷酷的;bold 勇敢的17 .B insist 坚持;cancel 取消;infect 感染;infer 暗示16 .C insult 侮辱;insulate 绝缘;bury 埋;interrupt 打断18 .D beneficial 有益的`19 .C inspect 调查;install 安装;celebrate 庆祝;interfere 干涉20 .C supreme 最高的;characteristic 特有的;suspicious 怀疑的;sympathetic 同情的。
成人学位英语考试词汇语法选择试题与答案 (8)
学位英语词汇、结构、语法专项提升练习1．The cost of living in big cities ________ steadily for many years，and it has led some youths to drop out of the big city race.A．is climbingB．is being climbedC．has been climbingD．has been climbedC【答案】C【详解】考查时态。
句意：许多年以来，大城市的生活费用稳步增高，这导致许多年轻人逃离了大城市。
表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作，用现在完成进行时，故选C。
2．Our capacity for innovation is not strong, and our weakness _____ core technologies for key fields remains a vital problem.A．in response toB．in line withC．in face ofD．in terms ofD【答案】D考查介词短语辨析。
句意：我们的创新能力并不强，我们在关键领域的核心科技的弱点依然是个重要的问题。
in response to响应，回答; in line with…与…一致，相符; in face of…面对；in terms of 在…方面。
指在某方面的弱点,故选D。
3．It was nearly a week _______ the rescue team located the crashed plane.A．sinceB．beforeC．untilD．afterB【答案】B【详解】考查时间状语从句。
A. since自从；B. before在……之前；C. until直到；D. after 在……之后。
句意：救援队花了将近一周的时间才找到坠毁的飞机。
2024年自考-自考专业(英语)-英语词汇学考试历年真题常考点试题4带答案
2024年自考-自考专业(英语)-英语词汇学考试历年真题常考点试题带答案（图片大小可任意调节）第1卷一.单选题(共20题)1.We are interested in the weather because it _______ us so directly—what we wear, what we do and even how we feel.A.benefitsB.affectsC.guidesD.effects2.“Woman” becomes “ Frau” in German, “femme” in French and “f ùnǔ” in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______ .A. soundsB.formsC.unitiesD.meanings3.Modern economics ________ the country ’s agricultural poli cies.A.undergoesB.understandsC.underliesD.undertakes4.Idioms nominal in nature have a(n) ______ as the key word in each and function as a noun in sentences.A.verbB.adjective5.Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary ’ , 3rd Edition (1980), is among the best-known British ______ dictionaries.A.unabridgedB.deskC.pocketD.bilingual6.______ of meaning is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized.A.DegradationB.ElevationC.ExtensionD.Specilization7.Each of us should _______ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day.A.pushB.provideC.turnD.set8.You should help them ________ when your friends quarrel with each other.e into sighte to termse into playe to power9.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987) has some unique features such as definition, extra column and ______.A. pronunciationB.grammar codesage examplesnguage codes10.Modern English vocabulary develops through the following channels EXCEPT ______.A.creationB.borrowingC.semantic changeD. lexical change11.The Indo-European language family is made up of the languages of the following EXCEPTA.EuropeB.the Far EastC.IndiaD.the Near East12.If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get ________.A. concentratedB.confusedC.confirmedD.convinced13.What he told us was more of a(n) ________ than a reality.A.illusionB.demonstrationC.illustrationD.reputation14.Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese?A.BazaarB.KowtowC.RajahD.Blitzkrieg15.To write up his novel, John is looking for an environment free ________ outside distraction.A. onB.withC.fromD.in16.It took a few seconds for her eyes to ________ to the darkness.A.allocateB.adoptC.applyD.adjust17.Which of the following is NOT one of the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?A.Cultural reason.B.Historical reason18.The differences between synonyms exist in the following areas EXCEPT ______.A.denotationB.connotationC.referenceD.application19.Generally, a dictionary covers the following contents EXCEPT ______.A. spellingB.pronunciationC.definitionD.syntactical rules20.In grammatical context, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the ______in which it occurs.A.structureB.sentenceC.phraseD.clause第2卷一.单选题(共20题)1.Among the following words, “ ______ ” contains a negative prefix.A.amoralB.de-composeC.antiwarD.foretell2.Which of the following words does NOT have suffixes?A.NorthwardB.WidenC.HappyD.Worker.3.One can figure out the meaning of “ airmail ” to be “ mail by air ” by its ______.B.morphological motivationC.semantic motivationD.etymological motivation4.Which of the following is partially converted?A. A whiteB.A drunkC.The poorD.Finals5.Washing the food down with water as a substitute ________ chewing is not a good habitA.ofB.forC.toD.from6.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features ofwords.B.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.C.Affective meaning indicates the listener ’ s attitude towards the person or thing in questionD.Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.7.Police are ________ the disappearance of two children.A. looking upB.looking throughC.looking intoD.looking on8.We were told that the stone figure _______ back to the 16th century was of great value.A. datedB.datingingD.kept9.Which of the following is NOT one of the context clues?A.DefinitionB.PolysemyC.SynonymyD.Antonymy.A. whatB.thatC.whichD.why11.Happiness doesn ’t alway s _______ money.A.go throughB.go in forC.go withD.go over12.There is an ambiguity in the sentence “ He is a hard businessman ” due to ______.A.polysemyB.homonymyC.synonymyD.antonymy13.A mong the following words, “ ______ ” does NOT have inflectional affixes.A. likedB.children’sC.happierD.it’s14.We cannot leave this tough job to a person ________.A.who nobody has confidenceB.in whom nobody has confidenceC.for whom nobody has confidenceD.who everyone has confidence of15.It has been years ________ I returned home.A.afterB.thatC.sinceD.when16.Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of idioms?A.The part of speech of each element in an idiom is very important.B.The constituents of idioms can eplaced. ’ t be rC.The word order in an idiom can ’ t be changed.D.An idiom functions as one word.breaks he wanted.A.longB.shortC.muchD.little18.The professor worked for 7 hours at a ________.A.stretchB.extendC.expandD.prolong19.Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words in the present-day English vocabulary?A.The rapid development of modern science and technology.B.Social, economic and political changesC.The invasion of foreign countries.D.The influence of other cultures and languages.20.How many monomorphemic words are there in the following words? cats boss work improper triedA.1B.2C.3D.4第1卷参考答案一.单选题1.参考答案： B本题解析：affect 多作为动词来用，表示影响。
英语专四语法词汇选择题汇总
286 As all of us know, color-blind people often find it difficult to ___between blue and green.A separateB distinguishC compareD contrast287Many artists predict that this brilliant young actor ___ to be ashining star.A destinesB will be destinedC is destinedD has been destined288The local government leaders are making every effort to ___ the problem of poverty.A abolishB tackleC remove C encounter289His companions have threatened to ___ his crimes to the police.A imposeB expressC encloseD expose290All their ___ have been shown up by their own deeds.A debatesB decorationsC deductionsD deceptions291 fruit is cheapest ____ season.A atB onC in d through292In their latest design, the company is clearly ___ the success ofprevious years.A building upB building uponC building outD building over293In Beijing, the best season of the year is probably ___ fall.A laterB lastC latterD late294Even though he was guilty, the ___ judge did not send him to prison.A mercifulB impartialC conscientiousD conspicuous295Although he thought he was helping us to prepare the dinner, he was actually ___ the way.A inB offC byD on296A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is ___ conditions or events.A in response toB in favor ofC in contrast toD in excess of297The bus driver is ____ for the passengers’ safety.A skillfulB responsibleC strictD intensive298 I hate people who ___ the end of a film that you haven’t seen before.A revealB rewriteC revise d reverse299Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is ___loud continuous noise.A subjected toB filled withC associated withD attached to300The human voice often sounds ___ on the telephone.A twistedB irregularC distortedD deformed301Since the ground is wet, it ____ last night.A must have rainedB must be rainingC must rainD had rained302If you are required to do some work, it must be done ____.A sooner or laterB after all othersC at lastD in the long run303Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people ____ harm them.A more thanB other thanC rather thanD better than304I ’ m going to ___ my old bicycle and buy a new one.A get away withB get rid ofC get out ofD clear out305He suggested ___ to tomorrow’ s exhibition together.A us to goB we wentC we shall toD we go306He ___ so much work that he couldn’t really do it efficiently.A put onB turned onC brought onD took on307The branches could hardly ___ the weight of the fruit.A retainB sustainC maintainD remain308Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not manyhouses ___.A in betweenB among themC far apartD from each other309That ’ s a nice watch. I wish I ____ one like it.A haveB hadC have hadD can have310I am not used ___ to like that.A to being spokenB to speakC being spokenD to speaking311 No sooner had we reached the top of the hill ___ we all sat downto rest.A thanB thenC whenD until312I haven’t seen Mary these past few days; I ’ m afraid she ___ herself for some time.A hasn ’t been feelingB hadn’t been feelingC isn ’t feelingD wasn’t feeling313She ___ upon me, saying I was to blame.A retortedB resortedC retreatedD resolved314It is difficult to ___ which party will win the election.A concludeB favorC predictD warn315The accident ___ just as we were leaving home.A aroseB roseC happenedD proceeded316 More than two hundred years ago the United States ___ from the British Empire and became an independent country.A got offB pulled downC broke awayD dropped off317 Scientists say it may be five or ten years ___ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A sinceB whenC afterD before318 On weekends may grandma usually ___ a glass of wine.A subscribes toB engages inC hangs onD indulges in319 The ability to store knowledge makes computers different from everyother machine ___ invented.A everB thusC yetD as320 The criminal always paid ___ cash so the police could not trackhim down.A onB byC forD in321 I can ___ some noise while I ’ m studying, but I can’ t stand loud noises.A come up withB catch up withC put up withD keep up with322 Last year, the crime rate in Chicago had sharply ___.A declinedB lessenedC descendedD slipped323 ___ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor neededon construction sites by 90 percent.A So clever are the construction robotsB So clever the construction robots areC Such construction robots are cleverD Such clever construction robots are324 Once environmental damage ___, it takes many years for the system torecover.A had doneB is to doC doesD is done325 Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are ___in grocery stores.A readyB approachableC probableD available326Scientists will have to ___ new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.A catch up withB come up withC put up withD keep up with327Scientists everywhere are trying to ___ a cure for AIDS.A expectB inventC discoverD make328All parts of this sewing machine are ___ so that it is very simpleto get replacements for them.A mechanizedB minimizedC modernizedD standardized329Children who are over-protected by their parents may become ___.A hurtB damagedC spoiledD harmed330 She cleans her room once a week, and the job usually___ her two hours.A spendsB takesC worksD continues331____ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A EachB AnyC EitherD One332Although Asian countries fare generally more ___ in social customsthan Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.A conservativeB confidentialC comprehensiveD consistent333Part of the cost of many articles is taken as tax by the government____ the community.A in place ofB in terms ofC on account ofD on behalf of334 She was disappointed that her services had been ___ by her superiors.A overloadedB overpricedC overlookedD overturned335Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to,____ the color of his skin.A with the exception ofB in the light ofC by virtue ofD regardless of336Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure ____.A than more on efficiencyB and more efficiencyC and more on efficiencyD than efficiency337I wish I ___ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to theclass.A have sleptB sleptC might have sleptD had slept338His absolute reliability is ___ suspicion.A fromB inC beyondD with339She once again went through her composition carefully to ____ allspelling mistakes from it.A withdrawB diminishC abandonD eliminate340It is highly desirable that a new dean ____ for this deparment.A be appointedB appointC will be appointedD is appointed341No one needs to feel awkward in ___ his own customs.A pursuingB followingC chasingD seeking342____ the wall, we decided that we should need three tins of paint.A Making upB Doing upC Putting upD Sizing up343I remember ___ to help us if we ever got into trouble.A once offeringB him once offeringC him to offerD to offer him344 He was one of the greatest writers ___ had ever lived.A whoB whichC thatD as345 A new technique ___, the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent.A working outB having worked outC having been worked outD to have been worked out346 before he started the work, I asked the builder to give me an ___ ofthe cost of repairing the roof.A assessmentB estimateC announcementD evaluation347 The firemen fought for three hours before they managedto __ the fire.A give upB put outC break offD cut back348 The ___ of temperature in that district are very great.A varietyB varietiesC varyD variations349 I ’ , not sure whether I can gain any profit from the investment, soI can ’t make a(n) ___ promise to help you.A exactB definedC definiteD sure350I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were ___.A hungB hung backC cut downD cut off351____ some mammals came to live in the sea is now known.A WhichB SinceC AlthoughD How352Even in ancient times, there were ___ of night-watchmen which went about the cities.A guardsB teamsC routesD patrols353The heart is ___ intelligent than the stomach, for they are bothcontrolled by the brain.A not soB much moreC not moreD no more354I think she hurt my feelings ____ rather than by accident as sheclaimed.A virtuallyB deliberatelyC literallyD appropriately355As I was just getting familiar with this job, I had ___ to ask my boss.A manyB mostC muchD more356That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but ____ the police.A called inB calling inC call inD to call in357I wish that Henry ___ interested in reading good books.A will beB isC wouldD were358I signed the letter ate the ___ of the page.A bottomB floorC baseD root359A writer has to ____ imagination as well as his experiences for his writing.A draw back fromB draw inC draw upD draw on360Can you think of a ____ excuse for our being late?A flexibleB reliableC favorableD reasonable361He ____ live in the countryside than in the city.A would ratherB had betterC may as wellD prefer362If you push hard on the world, the world will push back on you; ifyou touch the world gently, the world will touch you gently ___.A in returnB in the long runC in turnD in place363From here, we can see the bridge ___ construction.A belowB byC inD under364 Jack ’ s university education gave him ___ over boys who had not beento college.A a benefitB a profitC a viewD an advantage 365Did he give you anything ___ the letter?A exceptB butC besideD besides366She read the story twice, ____.A and so did MaryB and so Mary didC but Mary didD and neither did Mary367___ the library____ the bookstore had the book I need. Will you tell me where I can get it?A Neither, norB Neither, orC Either, orD Either, nor368___ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.A During the 1960’ sB That is was in the 1960’sC It was in the 1960’ sD It was the 1960’s369It is dangerous to run a fast race without ____ yourself up first.A puttingB dressingC makingD limbering370Sometimes we are asked ___ we think the likely result of an actionwill be.A ifB thatC whatD whether371A good many houses ____ knocked down by the earthquake.A wasB wereC isD are372The economic crises in that country have threatened the ____ of the government.A stabilityB capabilityC persistenceD permanence373I ’ m sorry to have taken up too much of your ___ time.A worthyB valuableC valuelessD priceless374By 1990, production in the area is expected to double ____ of 1980.A thatB itC oneD what375If you ____ the bottle and cigarettes, you’ ll be much healthier.A take offB keep offC get offD set off376I am ___ the impression that you have made much improvement in yourEnglish study.A atB inC underD with377____ you need is a good rest.A EverythingB AnythingC AllD Something378He was ____ very attentively, with eyes half-closed.A hearingB listeningC lookingD thinking379The clock was ___ eleven when I went upstairs to bed.A strikingB beatingC ringingD sounding380Many of the human problems associated with living in the ocean are___ the problems of living in outer space.A just asB such asC such thatD the same as381He is a friendly person, who ___ well with everyone at the office.A gets onB gets offC gets throughD gets round382Liquids are like solids ___ they have a definite volume.A with thatB for thatC in thatD at that383Although he is over 60 now, he still cannot forget the traffic accident30 years ago of which his ___ is really a miracle.A escapeB survivalC runawayD victim384I like to go to the cinema when I am in the ___ for it.A motiveB moodC mindD notion385American womenwere ___ the right to vote until1920 after many years of hard struggle.A ignoredB neglectedC deniedD refused386In fact, Mary would rather have left for Beijing ___ in Shanghai.A to stayB than stayC than have stayedD to have stayed387He had a bad cold. ___ is why he didn’t come.A ItB ThisC ThatD What388Dogs are often praised for their ___; they almost never abandon their masters.A faithB loyaltyC trustD truthfulness389Many people complain of the rapid ___of modern life.A rateB paceC speedD growth390As your instructor advised,you ought to spend your time on something ___ researching into.A preciousB worthC worthyD valuable391I asked my neighbor to ___ my garden when I was away.A look afterB look overC look inD look to392If it ___ too much trouble,I ’d love a cup of tea.A isn ’tB wasn’tC weren’tD hadn’ t been393It was ___ a great extent his own fault.A toB inC ofD on394It is well-known that the retired workers in our county are ___ freemedical care.A entitled toB involved inC associated withD assigned to395The accident ____ him of his sight and the use of his legs.A excludedB disabledC deprivedD gripped396I left for office earlier than usual this morning ___ traffic jam.A in line withB for the sake ofC in case ofD at the risk of397It is well known that knowledge is the ___ condition for expansionof mind.A incompatibleB incredibleC indefiniteD indispensable398___ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.A Being publishedB PublishedC PublishingD To be published399 At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution inthe country, but halfway in her speech, she suddenly ___ toanother subject.A committedB switchedC favoredD transmitted400 Jean doesn ’t want to work right away because she thinks that is she____ a job she probably wouldn’ t be able to see her friends very often.A has to getB were to getC had gotD could have got401In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly ___.A gapsB intervalsC lengthD distance402 Doctors sometimes ____ old cures when modern medicine doesn’t work.A fall onB fall down onC fall back onD fall in upon403He’s watching TV? He ’s ____ to be cleaning his room.A knownB supposedC regardedD considered404He does not ___ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation isterrible.A equalB matchC qualifyD fit405Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to ___ healthy.A preserveB stayC maintainD reserve406It pays ____ to buy goods of high quality.A in the long runB in the short runC at a runD on the run407The goals ___ he had fought all his life no longer seemed importantto him.A after whichB for whichC with whichD at which408His article is better than ____ in the class.A anyone’ s elseB anyone else’sC anyone’ s else’sD anyone else’s409He has ___ various adventures.A passed forB passed throughC passed awayD passed down410All ___ all, 1987 was a relatively quiet year in his life.A onB fromC inD at411Please let me know if any difficulties ____.A ariseB findC comeD happen412He underwent four ____ operations in two weeks.A excessiveB extensiveC intensiveD successive413 He moved away from his parents,and missed them ___ enjoy the exciting life in New York.A enough toB too much toC very much toD much so as to414She is under the ____ of selling all her jewels.A necessaryB nervousnessC nonsenseD necessity415He wasn’ t allowed to go to the club because he wasn’t a ____.A representativeB partnerC friendD member416The ____ coat of a leopard is a kind of precious material for sewingan overcoat.A dirtyB spottedC markedD stained417“To say is one thing, and to do is another.〞____ the old saying goes.A likeB asC forD with418In view____rising labor cost,many companies have turned to automation.A ofB toC forD that419It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need tocarry large amounts of cash;virtually all financial___ will be conducted by computer.A transactionsB transmissionsC transitionsD transformations420Most students have ____ for those who cheat in exams.A shockB scornC sorrowD shame421___ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A To giveB GivenC GivingD Having given422In some countries, ____ is called“ equality〞does not really mean equal rights for all people.A whichB oneC thatD what423If I had remembered ____ the window, the thief would not have got in.A to closeB closingC to have closedD having closed424I ’ m ___ the dark about their marriage.A duringB inC throughD among425The cows ___ over the fields eating grass.A wanderB wonderC moveD remove426I didn ’t quite ____ to what you had said. Would you mind repeatingit?A catch onB get holdC catch upD go on427Hudson said he could not kill a living thing except for the ___ ofhunger.A sensationB causeC purposeD motive428If only the committee ___ the regulations and put them into effectas soon as possible.A approveB will approveC can approveD would approve429 Helen was muchkinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ___, of course, made the others jealous.A whoB thatC whatD which430The exam is not difficult, ____ everyone will pass it.A thoughB soC yetD but431Codes are a way f writing something in secret; ___, anyone who doesn’t know the code will mot be able to read it.A that isB worse stillC in shortD on the other hand432So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary ___ for reasoning.A resourceB resolutionC requirementD response433Peleis ___ one of the greatest footballers of all time.A thoughtB regardedC consideredD believed434He was ____ of having asked such a silly question.A sorryB guiltyC ashamedD miserable435During July and August there was no rain for weeks ___.A in the endB in allC on endD on the verge436It ’s time ___ about the traffic problem downtown.A something was doneB everything is doneC anything will be doneD nothing to be done437He works in a sugar ___.A refinementB refineryC reflectionD reflector438The company ___ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.A is promisedB has been promisingC is promisingD promised439The equipment needs a ____ of water while working.A bodyB massC supplyD number440I will not ___ my children be treated in such a way.A permitB admitC allowD let441He said he couldn ’t attend the lecture this evening because he hada(n) ___ with Mary, the girl whom he had dreamed of for a long time.A dateB appointmentC interviewD encounter442It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good mannersand ____ knowledge.A extensiveB expansiveC intensiveD expensive443In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to ___ dreams were likely to be highly respected.A interpretB interveneC inheritD impart444It ’s usually the case that people seldom behave in a ___ way whenin a furious state.A stableB rationalC legalD credible445It makes me sick to think of his highly ___ manners.A artisticB artfulC artlessD artificial446As a salesman, he works on a(n) ___ basis, taking 10% of everythinghe sells.A incomeB commissionC salaryD pension447He ___ when the bus came to a sudden stop.A was almost hurtB was hurt himselfC was to hurt himselfD was hurting himself448He showed the doctor the place ___ he felt the pain.A thatB whenC whichD where449The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool withouthis parents’ ____.A commandB convictionC consentD compromise450 Some people viewed the findings with caution,noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains ___.A to be shownB to have shownC to have been shownD being shown451 It was difficult to guess what her ___ to the news would be.A reactionB impressionC commentD opinion452 finding a job in such a big company has always been ___ his wildestdreams.A underB overC aboveD beyond453 He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, andnow he has to ___ the consequences.A answer forB run intoC abide byD step into454 It is politely requested by the hotel managementthat radios ___ after11 o ’clock at night.A were not playedB not to playC not be playedD did not play455 A good teacher must know how to ___ his ideas.A conveyB displayC consultD confront456 ____ conventional black ink costs newspaper about thirty cents a pound, most rub-resistant inks add at least ten cents more to the bill.A WhileB FurthermoreC MeanwhileD Moreover457 I suppose we all make fools of ourselves ___ times.A fromB inC afterD at458 Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children ___a violent act previously seen on television.A modifyingB stimulatingC acceleratingD duplicating459 After performing a successful operation, the doctor at lastpulled the patient ___.A backB inC upD through460 The distance between Shanghai and Beijing is ____.A largeB farC vastD considerable461 He ___ in Japan as he left by boat last month.A ought to arriveB ought to have arrivedC should arriveD must arrive462 The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ___ attitude toward customers.A impartialB mildC hostileD opposing463 “I ’ d like you to ___ me some clothes.〞said the customer.A showB seeC explainD provide464 He was amazed at ___ he saw.A thatB whatC whichD whom465 At the party we found that shy girl ___ her mother all the time.A depending onB coinciding withC adhering toD clinging to466 Have you anything to say ___ the proposal?A with regard toB in contrast toC on behalf ofD for the purpose of467 How can you ___ his doing it that way?A tolerantB tolerateC tolerableD tolerance468 Had he worked harder, he ___ the exams.A must have got throughB would have got throughC would get throughD could get through469 My ___ is too weak for pork.A digestionB dignityC dimensionD dilemma470 ___ for your help,we’d never have been able to get over the difficulties.A Had it notB If it were notC Had it not beenD If we had not been471 In my opinion,you can widen the___of these improvements through your active participation.A dimensionB volumeC magnitudeD scope472 Shop assistants should do their test___ to give the customers satisfaction.A enduranceB endowmentC endeavorsD engagements473 ___ is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept tograsp in the Middle Age.A It is the sun and not the earthB Being the sun and not the earthC The sun and not the earthD That the sun and not the earth474 I have kept that portrait ___ I can see it every day, as it alwaysreminds me of my university days in London.A whichB whereC whetherD when475 Her throat is so sore that she has ___ her voice.A lostB missedC brokenD failed476 Important people don ’t often have much free time as their work ___all their time.A takes awayB takes overC takes inD takes up477“Not until science became prominent ___ be abolished 〞 , some people argue.A did slavery come toB slavery toC had slavery come toD that slavery came to478Mr. Brown had us ___ reports all afternoon.A writeB writtenC to writeD to be writing479In the past men generally preferred that their wives___ in the home.A workedB workC would workD were working480I want to buy a new tie to ___ this brown suit.A go intoB go afterC go withD go by481My camera can be ___ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.A treatedB adjustedC adoptedD remedied482 She did not come back homeafter midnight,___ turned her parents very upset and angry.A whichB thatC whoD what483Jim is so ____ after injuring his leg that he has great difficultyin walking.A hurtB lameC woundedD uncomfortable484He does nothing that ____ the interests of the collective.A runs forB runs againstC runs overD runs into485As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both ___ targetsand moving targets.A stationaryB standingC stableD still486She was ___ for news of her children.A knownB thirstyC goodD thoughtful487Bob was completely ___ by the robber’ s disguise.A taken awayB taken downC taken toD taken in488In one scene of Modern Times Charlie Chaplin was shown trying ____to keep in time with a rapid assembly line.A aimlesslyB violentlyC hardlyD desperately489All the communists ____ the people instead of being served by the people.A are supposed to serveB are opposed to servingC are subjected to servingD object to serving490A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time ___ theguards discovered what had happened.A beforeB untilC sinceD when491___ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revisionwork.A For nowB Now thatC Ever sinceD By now492Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ___ it closely.A followedB followingC to followD being followed493In spring, traffic was often ___ along the roads to holiday places.A added upB built upC held upD pulled up494I have a ___ belief in his honesty.A determinedB firmC certainD powerful495He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than ___.A he was in good healthB his health was goodC his good health wasD was good for his health496On turning the corner, we saw the road ____ steeply.A departingB descendingC decreasingD depressing497Mark often attempts to escape___ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A having been finedB to have been fined。
64曲阜师范大学2020年成人高等教育 《英语词汇学 》复习资料 期末考试试题及参考答案
《英语词汇学》复习资料1Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.Directions: Complete the following statements with proper words.1.The 1 is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.2. 2 are words borrowed early in the past and now are well assimilated into the Englishlanguage.3.The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with fromtwo different angles: 3 approach and synchronic approach.4.“Mal-” in “maltreat” is a 4 prefix, while “inter-” in “ interstate” is a 5 prefix.5.Old English is described as a language of full endings, Middle English language of 6endings, and a language of 7 endings.6.In modern English, one may find some 8 words whose sounds suggest their meaning,for these words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises.7.The word meaning is made up of 9 meaning and 10 meaning, and the later hastwo components: conceptual meaning and 11 meaning.8.Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories: appreciative or 12 .9.13 is thought to be the opposite process of suffixation.10.14 is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus apart of another word.11.15 refers to the jargon of criminals. Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups, andoutsiders can hardly understand it.12.“Pretty” and “handsome” share the same 16 meaning，but differ in 17 meaning.13.___18___analysis is a process of breaking down the sense of a word into its minimalcomponents which are also known as semantic features..14.Radiation and 19 are the two coinages which the development of word meaningfollows from monosemy to polysemy.15.20 deals with the relationship of inclusion, i.e. the meaning of a more specific word isincluded in that of another more general word.Ⅱ. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for “true” and F for “false”.1.Homonyms are descendants of different sources whereas a polysemant is a word of the samesource which has acquired different meanings in the course of development.2.Words of the basic word stock are mostly root words or monosyllabic words, so they havestrong productivity.3.“Can-opener” used as slang to mean “all-purpose key”.4.Native words are neutral in style.5.The Indo-European language family is made up of most languages of Europe, the Far East, andIndia.6.Borrowing has played a vital role in the development of English vocabulary, particularly inearlier times.7.The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is morpheme.8.Stem is a form to which affixes of any kind can be added.9.Base is what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes.10.Words created by compounding occupy the highest percentage of the English vocabulary.11.“Fore-” in “forehead” and “fore-” in “foreknowledge” belong to two kinds of prefix.12.Word-building and word-formation are relative synonyms.13.The word manusc ript which originally denotes “handwriting” only has undergone a process ofextension of meaning.14.Parent—child and husband—wife are two pairs of converses.15.Policeman, constable, bobby and cop are synonyms differing in intensity.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions briefly.1.What are the characteristics of the basic word stock?2.Why are prefixes and suffixes divided according to different criteria?3.List the four sources of synonyms.4.What are the characteristics of conceptual meaning and associative meaning?Ⅳ. Answer the following questions according to the requirement.Classify the three pairs of antonyms according to types of antonyms you have learned and describe the characteristics of each type of them.interviewer/interviewee; male/female; old /young答案I．Fill in the blanks.1. morpheme2. denizens3. diachronic4. pejorative5. locative6. leveled7. lost8. onomatopoeic9. grammatical 10.lexical11.associative 12. pejorative 13. backformation 14. blending 15.argot 16. conceptual 17. collocative 18. componential 19. concatenation 20.hyponymyII.Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for “true” and F for “false”.1-5 TTTFT 6-10 TFFFT 11-15 TFFTFIII.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What are the characteristics of the basic word stock?1)All national character 2) stability 3) productivity 4) polysemy 5)collocability2.Why are prefixes and suffixes divided according to different criteria?1)Prefixes primarily effect a semantic modification of the base, i.e. prefixes do not generallychange the word-class of the base but only modify its meaning.2)Suffixes have only a small semantic role and their primary function is to change thegrammatical function of the base, i.e. the change of the word class with a slight modification of meaning.3)So prefixes are categorized on a semantic basis while suffixes are divided on a grammaticalbasis.3.1)Borrowing; (2) dialects and regional English (3) figurative and euphemistic use of words(4) coincidence with idiomatic expressions4.What are the characteristics of conceptual meaning and associative meaning?1)Conceptual meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of wordmeaning. Being constant and relatively stable, conceptual meaning forms the basis for communication as the same word generally has the same conceptual meaning to the speakers in the same speech community. (3%)2)Associative meaning differs from the conceptual meaning in that it is open-ended andindeterminate, liable to the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion,geographical region, class background, education, etc…（3%）Ⅳ. Analyze the following questions and explain them according to the requirement.1.1)Interviewer& interviewee are converses; male & female are complementaries; old &young are contraries.2)Complementaries truly represent oppositeness of meaning. They are so opposite to eachother that they are mutually exclusive and admit no possibility between them. The assertion of one is the denial of the other or vice versa. Complementaries are nongradable, and they cannot be used in comparative degrees and do not allow adverbs of intensity like “very” to qualify them.3)Contraries are gradable antonyms. The existence of one is in relation to the other. We cansay: A man is rich or very rich and also we can say a man is rich than the other. Contraries are characteristic of semantic polarity. These antonyms form part of a scale of values between two poles and can accommodate a middle ground belonging neither to one pole nor to the other.4)Converses consist of relational opposites. The pairs of words indicate reciprocal socialrelationships that one of them cannot be used without suggesting the other. It also includes reverse terms, which comprise adjectives and adverbs signifying a quality or verbs and nouns signifying an act or state that reverse or undo the quality, action or state of the other.复习资料2I. 单选题1. In the sentence “I like to see a movie.”, there are ________ functional words.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 52. Conversion is amethod________________________.A. of turning words of one part of speech to those of a different part of speechB. of converting words of one meaning into different meaningC. of deriving words through grammatical meansD. of changing words in morphological structure3. The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ________________.A. subseaB. prewarC. postwarD. desks4. Which of the following statements is false?A. Conversion refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class.B. Words mainly involved in conversion are nouns, verbs and adverbs.C. Partial conversion and full conversion are concerned with adjectiveswhen converted to nouns.D. The conversion between nouns and verbs may involve a change of stress.5. _________ is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning.A. Grammatical meaningB. Denotative meaningC. Associative meaningD. Connotative meaning6. The words what have emotive content in themselves are said to contain __ meaning.A. collocativeB. affectiveC. stylisticD. denotative7. __________ explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.A. Etymological motivationB. Onomatopoetic motivationC. Morphological motivationD. Semantic motivation8. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT __________.A. worksB. workerC. workingD. worked9. “Smog”is formed by combining “smoke”and “fog”. So it is an example ofA. clippingB. compoundingC. blendingD. back-formation10. The word “smog”is created by blending, with the structure of __________.A. head + tailB. head + headC. head + wordD. word + tail11. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is the creation of new words by means of ________________.A. translation-loansB. emantic loansC. word formationD. borrowings12. Which of the following belongs to a semantic field?A. steed, charger, palfrey, plug, nagB. pony, mustang, mule, stud, mareC. policeman, constable, bobby, copD. domicile, residence, abode, home13. Words which are used to show the attitude of approval are ________________.A. appreciativeB. pejorativeC. conntativeD. collocative14. General features of English contains the following except _________.A. simplicityB. receptivityC. adaptabilityD. imprssiveness15. The most productive means of word-formation in modern English are the following except .A. compoundingB. affixationC. acronymD. conversionII判断题1. The Indo-European language family is made up of most languages of Europe, the Far East, andIndia. （）2. The word manusc ript which originally denotes “handwriting” only has undergone a process ofextension of meaning. （）3. The beginning of the Middle English Period was marked by the Norman Conquest which broughtmany Latin words into the English language. （）4. Words of the basic word stock are mostly root words or monosyllabic words, so they have strongproductivity. （）5. Grammatical meaning or a word includes part of speech, tense meaning, and stylistic coloring.（）6. Words created by compounding occupy the highest percentage of the English vocabulary. （）7. The marked term of each pair of antonyms covers the sense of the unmarked term. （）8. Policeman, constable, bobby and cop are synonyms differing in intensity. （）9. Borrowing has played a vital role in the development of English vocabulary, particularly inearlier times. （）10. “Radiation” shows that the derived mea nings of a polysemantic word are not directly related tothe primary meaning. （）III简答题1. What are the characteristics of conceptual meaning and associative meaning?2. List different types of associative meaning and define them.答案I． 1-5 AADDB 6-10 BDBCA 11-15 CBADCⅡ. 1-5 TFFTF 6-10 TFFTFⅢ. 1. What are the characteristics of conceptual meaning and associative meaning?Conceptual meaning is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word meaning.Being constant and relatively stable, conceptual meaning forms the basis for communication as the same word generally has the same conceptual meaning to the speakers in the same speech community. Associativemeaning differs from the conceptual meaning in that it is open-ended and indeterminate, liable to the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, geographical region, class background, education, etc…2. List different types of associative meaning and define them.Explain different types of homonyms with examples.Perfect homonyms are known as absolute homonyms, and they are words identical both in sound and spelling. E.g bear (to put up with) and bear (a kind of fruit) Homographs are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. sow (to scatter seeds) and sow (female adult pig)Homophones are words identical only in sound but different in spelling and meaning, e.g. dear ( a loved person) and deer (a kind of an animal)复习资料3I．Fill in the blanks.Directions: Complete the following statements with proper words.1.The __1 is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.2. 2 are words borrowed early in the past and now are well assimilated into the Englishlanguage.3.The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt withfrom two different angles: 3 approach and synchronic approach.4.“Mal” in “maltreat” is a 4 prefix, while “inter-” in “ interstate” is a 5_ prefix.5.Old English is described as a language of full endings, Middle English language of___6__endings, and a language of __7__ endings.6.In modern English, one may find some 8 words whose sounds suggest their meaning,for these words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises.7.The word meaning is made up of 9 meaning and 10 meaning, and the later hastwo components: conceptual meaning and 11 meaning.8.Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories: appreciative or __12 .9.13 is thought to be the opposite process of suffixation.10.___14__ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus apart of another word.11.15 refers to the jargon of criminals. Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups, andoutsiders can hardly understand it.12.“Pretty” and “handsome” share the same _16_ meaning, but differ in _17_ meaning.13.___18___analysis is a process of breaking down the sense of a word into its minimalcomponents which are also known as semantic features.14.Radiation and ___19___ are the two coinages which the development of word meaningfollows from monosemy to polysemy.15.__20____deals with the relationship of inclusion, i.e. the meaning of a more specific word isincluded in that of another more general word.Ⅱ. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write T or F on the answer sheet:1.Homonyms come mainly from borrowing, changes in sound and spelling, and dialects.2.“Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polysemantic word are not directly related tothe primary meaning.3.Borrowing is a very important source of synonyms.4. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.5.Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.6.Motivation explains the connection between the linguistic form and its meaning.7.Grammatical meaning or a word includes part of speech, tense meaning, and stylistic coloring.8.The origins of the words are a key factor in distinguishing homonyms from polysemants.9.The marked term of each pair of antonyms covers the sense of the unmarked term.10.If the words differ in range and intensity of meaning, the words are not identical in denotation.11.The beginning of the Middle English Period was marked by the Norman Conquest whichbrought many Latin words into the English language.ponential analysis is to break down. the conceptual sense of a word into its minimaldistinctive components.13.Celtic language made great contributions to the expansion of the English vocabulary.14.Native words enjoy the same features as the basic word stock and more.15.Shortening includes clipping and blending.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions briefly.1. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes in terms of free and bound morphemes.unbearable international ex-prisoner.2. How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.3. List different types of associative meaning and define them.4. Explain different types of homonyms with examples.Ⅳ. Analyze the following questions and explain them according to the requirement.1. What is the difference between homonyms and polysemants?答案I．Fill in the blanks.1. morpheme2. denizens3. diachronic4. pejorative5. locative6. leveled7. lost8. onomatopoeic9. grammatical 10. lexical 11.associative 12. pejorative 13. backformation 14. blending 15. argot 16. conceptual 17. collocative 18. componential 19. concatenation 20. hyponymyⅡ. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write T or F in the brackets: 1．F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6. T 7.F 8.T 9.F 10.T 11.F 12. F 13. F 14. T 15. TⅢ. Answer the following questions briefly.1. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes in terms of free and bound morphemes.unbearable international ex-prisoner.un+bear+able:(1)‘bear’ is a free morpheme, and ‘un’, ‘able’are bound morphemes.inter+nation+al: ‘nation’ is a free morpheme, and ‘inter, al’ are bound morphemes.ex+prison+er: ‘prison’ is a free morpheme, and ‘ex, er’ are bound morphemes.2. How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.1)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation.2)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.3)Backformation is therefore the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes, socalled because many of the removed endings are not suffixes but inseparable parts of the word.4)For example, it is a common practice to add –er, -or to verb bases to form agential nouns.5)Reasonably, people make verbs by dropping the ending such as –or in editor, -ar in beggar and–er in butler.3. List different types of associative meaning and define them.1)Connotative meaning refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptualmeaning, traditionally known as connotations.2)Stylistic meaning refers to stylistic features, which make them appropriate for different styles.3)Affective meaning expresses the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in question.4)Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires on account of the meanings ofwords which tend to occur in its environment.4. Explain different types of homonyms with examples.(1)Perfect homonyms are known as absolute homonyms, and they are words identical both insound and spelling. E.g bear (to put up with) and bear (a kind of fruit)(2)Homographs are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. sow(to scatter seeds) and sow (female adult pig)(3)Homophones are words identical only in sound but different in spelling and meaning, e.g. dear( a loved person) and deer (a kind of animal)Ⅳ. Analyze the following questions and explain them according to the requirement.1.What is the difference between homonyms and polysemants?1)Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully identical with reference to spelling andpronunciation, as both have the same orthographical form but different meanings. This creates the problem of differentiation.2)The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants lies in the fact that the formerrefers to different lexemes which have the same form and the latter the one and same lexeme which has several distinguishable meanings.3)One important criterion by which to differentiate them is ‘etymology’, i.e., homonyms aredescendants of different sources whereas a polysemant is a word of the same source which has acquired different meanings in the course of development.4)The second principal consideration is ‘semantic relatedness’. The several meanings of a singlepolysemous lexeme are related and can be traced back to one central meaning. On the other hand, meanings of different homonyms have nothing to do with one another.5)In dictionaries, a polysemant has its meanings all listed under one headword whereashomonyms are listed as separate entries.。
全国4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案解析历年试卷及答案解析
全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into( )A. perfect homonymsB. homonymsC. homophonesD. all the above2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example( )A. ad for “advertisement”B. dish for “food"C. fond for “affectionate”D. an editorial for “an editorial article"3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over( )A. the reader’s interpretationB. the neighbouring wordsC. the writer's intentionD. the etymology of the word4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?A. extra-B. pro-C. re-D. semi-5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chamber's Encyclopedic English DictionaryC. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms6.Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.C. Concept is universal to all men alike.D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form( )A. physical contextB. grammatical contextC. lexical contextD. linguistic context8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is( )A. definitionB. explanationC. exampleD. hyponym9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that( )A. it can refer to the common core of a languageB. it can refer to the total number of the words in a languageC. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical periodD. it can stand for words in given dialect or field10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a( )A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not.A. structurally changeableB. semantically analyzableC. structurally fixedD. easily understood12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to( )A. morphological structureB. relevant detailsC. grammatical structureD. physical context13.What causes the ambiguity of the sente nce ”I like Mary better than Janet"? ( )A. V ocabularyB. SituationC. StructureD. None of the above14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken( )A. from 1066 to 1500B. from 1150 to 1500C. from 1500 to 1700D. from 1600 to 180015.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )A. bound rootsB. free morphemesC. inflectional morphemesD. derivational affixes第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16._________________meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs, etc.17.The word __________has the old meaning "servant" and the elevated meaning "head of a ministry".18.The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or ______________.19.When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it creates _______________.20.Almost all affixes are __________morphemes because few can be used as independent words. Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)rhetorical features of the idioms; 2)sense relations; 3)assimilation degree; 4)characteristics of the basic word stock and 5)motivation.(10%)A B21.reiteration ( ) A. high and low22.repetition ( ) B. pick and choose23.juxtaposition ( ) C. face to face24.perfect homonym ( ) D. Failure is the mother of success.25.personification ( ) E. hiss26.portus ( ) F. bear; beare ( ) G. twitter28.heart ( ) H. cat29.birds ( ) I. port30.snakes ( ) J. heart and soulⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words ( )32.sitcom ( )33.the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school ( )34.form cradle to grave ( )35.might and main ( )36.fax ( )37.disobey,impolite, ( )38.hussy:"housewife"→"a woman of low morals"( )39.disease:"discomfort"→"illness"( )40.fond:"foolish"→"affectionate"( )Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%)41.dictionary42.pejoration43.idioms nominal in nature44.Germanic45.allomorphⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46.What are the stylistic features of idioms?47. How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.48. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)ment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of superordinate and subordinates.a. The man said he would come to our school next week.b. The visiting scholar said he would visit our university next Monday.50.Analyes the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.unbearable, international, ex-prisoner全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题参考答案课程代码：00832Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.B6.D7.C8.C9.A 10.B11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.CⅡ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16. Grammatical 17. minister 18. conventional 19. ambiguity 20. boundⅢ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B. (10%)21.B 22.C 23.A 24.F 25.D26.I 27.H 28.J 29.G 30.EⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.explanation32.head+head blending33.hyponymy/hyponym34.figure of speech; metonymy35.phonetic manipulation/alliteration36.back clipping37.affixation, prefixation or negative prefixes38.degradation39.narrowing40.elevationⅤ.Define the following terms.(10%)41. Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.42. Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.43.(1)Each idiom has a noun as the key word.(2)Each functions as a noun/also knows asnoun idioms.44.a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which consists of English, German, Dutch, etc.45.one of the variants that realize a morphemeⅥ.Answer the following questions.(12%)46.(1)Many idioms were created in different professions, so they were trade-or profession-related, colloquial and informal.(2)Now most become a part of the common core, neither formal nor informal.(3)There are still many colloquialisms, slang expressions, literary expressions comparatively small in number.47.A)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.B)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation; it's the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.48.Inflectional affixes are affixes (1) attached to the end of words; (2) to indicate grammatical relationships, while derivational affixes are affixes; (3) added to other morphemes; (4) to createnew words.Ⅶ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)49.要点：Superordinate Subordinate1) man scholar2) come visit3) school university4) week Monday50.1)Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unbearable(un+bear+able), international (inter+nation+al), ex-prisoner(er+prison+er).2)Of the nine morphemes, only bear, nation and prison are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3)All the rest un-,-able,inter-,-al, ex-and-er are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.。
英语词汇学考试复习资料
一、单选题1.The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.A、/t/B、/g/C、/p/D、/k/答案： B2.30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.A、compoundingB、affixationC、conversionD、shortening答案： B3._____ is NOT a pair of homophones.A、Fair (lovely) and "fair" (a regular gathering of people for barter and sale of goods)B、"Flea" (any of various small， wingless， bloodsucking insects) and "flee" (to escape)C、Lead (to guide) and "lead" (metal of a dull bluish-grey colour that melts easily)D、"compliment" (an expression of praise， admiration， or congratulation) and "complement" (something that completes， makesup a whole， or brings to perfection)答案： C4.By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.A、onomatopoeicB、morphologicalC、semanticD、etymological答案： D5.__________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences,trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A、SlangB、JargonC、Dialectal wordsD、Argot答案： B6.The information about the word class of a word is part of its _____ meaning.A、lexicalB、grammaticalC、centralD、derived答案： B二、 判断题7.A word is the combination of form and ________.A 、spellingB 、writingC 、meaningD 、denoting答案： C8.The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.A 、worksB 、prewarC 、postwarD 、bloody答案： A1.The most important mode of vocabulary development in present - day English is creation of newwords by means of word formation.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确2.Simple words in English are usually non-motivated.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确3.When a prefix is added to a word, its word-class is usually changed.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误4.Lexical meaning is dominant in content words.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确pounds are words formed by combining affixes and stem.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误6.Quite a number of derivational affixes have more than one meaning.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确三、 名词解释四、 问答题7.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确ponential analysis has no disadvantages.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误9.In most cases, the native term is more literary than the foreign one.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误10.Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech tenses of verbs and stylistic features of words.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误1.Acronymy答案： is the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.2.Morphs答案： Morphemes are abstract units, which are realized in speech by discrete units known as morphs. They are actual spoken, minimal carriers of meaning.3.Etymological Motivation答案： The history of the word explains the meaning of the word4.Sentence Idioms答案： are mainly proverbs and sayings including colloquialisms and catchphrases. Each function as a sentence.1.Contradictory terms 有一个最大的特点是什么？答案： Mutually exclusive and are non-gradable, They cannot be used in comparative degrees and do not allow adverbs of intensity like very to qualify them.。
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唐军斌老师辛苦整理!Unit 1NEW WORDS1 affluent 富裕的2 alluring 诱人的3 anonymously 匿名的4 beam 向指定方向传播信息5 bill 让…付账单6 bulletin 公告7 cater 满足, 迎合8 conceivable 能够想象的9 consensual 两情相愿的10 constituency 支持者11 constraint 约束 12 crackdown 镇压13 cyberspace 电脑空间, 信息空间 14 depict 描述, 描写 15 download 下载 16 echo 共鸣17 enforce 实施 18 evolve 发展 19 extraneous 无关的 20 fanfare 大吹大擂 21 filter 过滤22 flirtatious 喜欢调情的23 governance 支配, 控制24 hanker 渴望得到 25 haven 避难所26 hip 时髦的 27 inclination 偏好, 爱好 28 indecency 不体面, 下流现象 29 itinerary 行程30 jurisdiction 管辖, 控制 31 mislabel 给…贴错标签 32 moderator 调解员, 调节器33 nasty 肮脏的, 可恶的34 orient 使适应35 family-oriented 面向家庭的36 kid-oriented 面向儿童的37 preside 成为主体38 prevalent 流行的 39 prodigy 天才40 prosper 繁荣 41 provoke 引起 42 psyche 心灵 43 rage 肆虐 44 real estate 房地产45 sanction 认可, 认准 46 self-contained 独立的, 自足的 47 self-sustaining 自持的48 shopping mall 购物中心 49 subscription 订阅费 50 subset 分支 51 sue 提出诉讼52 surf 冲浪 53 terrestrial 土地的, 地上的 54 unbounded 无边无际的55 unmoderated 未经调节的 56 virtual 虚拟的 57 wicked 缺德的, 邪恶的 58 wither 枯萎59 wrapper 包装纸1 bill the customer 让顾客付账2 capture the popular imagination 使民众为之神往3 cater to sb.’s inclinations 迎合某人的爱好4 force sth. on sb. 将。
强加于5 get scared off 被吓跑6 get stuck in a country 呆在一个国家动弹不得7 hanker after 渴望得到 8 in real –estate terms 按照房地产业的说法9 restrict sb.’s access to 限制某人享用。
的权利10 set standards 规定标准 11 sue sb. For 控告 12 wither away 消失VOCABULARY1 This book --------all the information you need.(a)a containsb embracesc offersd involves2 The government ---------the number of foreign cars that could be imported.(c)a refrainsb restrainsc rerrictsd prevents3 As a teacher you should not show ------towards any of your students.(b)a pleasureb favorc preferenced inclination4 Traffic is ------by police at every intersection.(d)a enforcedb imposedc limited d regulated5 How much do you -------for this pair of shoes?(b)a billb chargec costd afford6 We can ------now and return to work in the morning .(b)a leave outb leave offc sign awayd sign off7 That matter can be left --------until our next meeting.(b)a onb overc aloned about8 I learned that he was -----------sick leave from agovernment office.(a)a onb inc takend spending9 It was one of the most beautiful sights that I had ever set eyes-------.(c)a tob inc ond down10 Each week he tried to set ------------a few dollars of his salary.(d)a forthb aboutc apartd asideUnit 2NEW WORDS1 abandon 放弃, 丢弃2 anchor 固定3 anecdote 轶事4 assertive 过分自信的, 有冲劲5 belittle 贬低, 轻视6 bond 联系7 cement 连接纽带8 clarify 澄清, 阐明9 conceptual 观念上的10 concur 同意, 一致11 cornerstone 奠基石 12 couch 长沙发13 crystallize 使结晶 14 deprive 剥夺 15 disloyalty 不忠 16 dismiss 消除, 驳回17 display 表现, 展示 18 distract 分散注意力 19 episode事件, 一段经历20 fabric 织物, 构造 21 forge 锻造, 制作 22 frustrate 挫败, 阻挠 23 gender 性别24 havoc 灾难 25 hierarchical 等级制度的 26 imbalance 不平衡 27 impatience 缺乏耐心28 inclusive 包容的 29 inequity 不公正 30 intense 剧烈的, 极度的 31 interaction 相互作用32 interactive 相互作用的33 intimacy 亲密关系34 intrusion 侵入, 闯入35 misalignment 失调, 错位 36 norm 标准, 规范 37 orgy 纵酒狂欢, 无节制的行为38 overlap 重叠, 互搭 39 paradox 是非而是的说法 40 peer 同辈, 同等地位的人41 perceive 感知, 感觉 42 periodically 周期性的 43 probe 探索 44 requisite 必须的45 spark 导致, 引起 46 stereotypical 已成成规的, 刻板的47 subordinate 次要的48 switch 改变, 转移49 tangible 明确的, 有形的50 uncover 揭露 51 wreak 造成1 burst into laughter 突然大笑起来2 glare at 怒目而视3 jump from topic to topic 从一个话题跳到另一个话题4 interpret sth as 把。
解释为5 make demands 提出要求6 push away 把。
推开7 push around 摆布 8 put down 贬低, 小看 9 show off 炫耀10 switch topics 转话题 11 talk at length 详细的谈 12 wreak havoc 造成破坏VOCABULARY1 All this ceremony is just ----------;it doesn’t mean a thing.(b)a on showb for showc a show-offd a show-up2 Bill is afraid to -----------since Tom threatens to beat him up.(a)a show his faceb show his colorsc put on a showd make a show3 She has been behaving foolishly;I hope you will--------.(d)a make sense of tib drive her out of her sensesc be in your sensesd bring her to her senses4 The classroom is 30 feet --------and 20 feet in breadth.(b)a at lengthb in lengthc as for lengthd to length5 I’m leaving this job because I’m tired of being ------.(a)a pushed aroundb pushed offc pushed away d pushed ahead6 After the rain ,the orchard seems to have---------blossom overnight.(d)a burst outb burst uponc burst withd burst into7 The two men stood ---------------each other ,while the crowd looked on with amusement.(a)a glaring atb glancing atc peeping atd glimpsing at8 When you have any problems in your studies, you can always --------John for help.(c)a look forb look onc look tod look overUnit 3NEW WORDS1 analogously 类似的, 近似的2 asphyxiation 窒息3 barring 除。