专题10 阅读理解-五年(2018-2023)高考真题汇编(解析版)
专题10 文言文阅读-五年(2017-2021)高考语文真题分项汇编(浙江专用)(解析版)
专题10文言文阅读【2021年】阅读下面的文言文，完成下面小题。
答谢景山①书[宋]蔡襄襄顿首景山足下：夏中辱示新文数十篇，其间景山所称道而仆所不愿为者，因事往问，幸而时中，欲景山思而从之，不敢陈于文辞也。
近蒙示书，盈千百言，引喻称类，若固守而不移者。
某欲终不言，然使景山固而不移，特唱．于人，亦某过之大者也。
某尝病．景山好称学韩杜笔，语于人，今而曰：“既师其意，又师其辞，何患？且嗜退之文辞，欲诱人同所乐也。
”某谓由道而学文，道至焉，文亦至焉；由文而之道，困于道者多矣，是故道为文之本，文为道之用。
与其诱人于文，孰若诱人于道之先也？景山前书主文辞而言，故有是云，襄岂敢鄙文词哉？顾事有先后耳。
襄之为文，无能过人，其句读高下，时亦类乎古人，无足怪也。
又病景山嗟世人之不知己，务以文词求于有位，今而曰：“吾以文求正于有位，于道为无枉。
古之人重其自进，我仕且困坠，求知于人无愧。
”又云：“在数顷田，必归耕海上。
”景山何乐于自进，而勇于自退乎？是未离乎躁也。
妄者易进而难退，狷者难进而易退，妄与狷，君子皆不由．也。
君子之于进退，唯其道而已矣。
景山又多取前世重人自进为比，苛有异于襄之说，虽前世重人，襄不从矣，其称仲尼、佛肸②召而欲往，孟子不遇于鲁侯，斯二者何求哉？委乎天而．待用者也。
又病景山恤仕宦之颠踬，今而曰：“非恤美仕之未得，愤意外之横辱。
”斯亦景山未之思与？夫圣人之言，吾畏之；贤者之规，吾愧之。
有人加言于我，吾置其喜怒而辨其枉直。
使其言蹈乎圣人贤者之说，吾畏而且愧焉；其言异于是，吾将悯之，岂暇受而为辱乎？小人之辱，君子不辱也。
景山取之哉，取之哉，抑愤之心日益损矣！景山又云：若．使襄年四十而卑辱，未必能如己之恬然不苟也。
襄又复而读之，益悲，岂行己之谬与？如景山且不能见信，尚何望于众人？虽然，襄无求信于人，自信甚明。
身之穷泰，不得而知之，为学远近，力穷则已，其所自信者，不却行而利动也。
今日视前日，犹能乐其所是，而恨．其所不至；使年益加而虑益广，岂肯舍所乐而从所恨哉！与景山别久，思一相见，以道所怀，今虽谆谆其词非求胜于景山盖陈己之所守抑未知景山以为非是也诚以为非是幸亦语焉襄不敢惮烦于屡告也。
高考英语五年真题(2019-2023年)专题汇总解析—名词性从句和定语从句
高考英语五年真题（2019-2023年）专题汇总解析—名词性从句和定语从句一、2023年高考真题1.2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.【答案】why【解析】考查表语从句。
句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。
分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。
故填why。
2.2023全国甲卷...the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”【答案】as【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。
故填as。
3.2023全国甲卷“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,”...【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。
句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。
故填where。
4.2023全国乙卷But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life...【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。
高考英语五年真题(2019-2023年)专题汇总解析—非谓语动词
高考英语五年真题（2019-2023年）专题汇总解析—非谓语动词一、2023年高考真题1.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)...【答案】to bite【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.【答案】recognized【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。
空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。
故填recognized。
3.2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket ...【答案】to be lifted【解析】考查非谓语动词。
五年(2018-2023)高考英语真题分类练习——形容词和副词
五年（2018-2023）高考英语真题分类练习——形容词和副词2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【49题详解】考查形容词。
句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。
分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。
故填remarkable。
【50题详解】考查时态。
句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。
这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
故填means。
2.【2023年全国乙卷】However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair.8.考查副词。
句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。
此处修饰动词got，应用副词，作状语。
故final改为finally。
3.【2023年全国乙卷】At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out.10.考查形容词。
(2018-2022)五年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题01 冠词、名词(学生版+解析版)
9.（2021全国乙卷）___________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)
10.（2021北京卷）Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse________(idea)．
2．（2022全国甲卷）____________friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
3.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate___________festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
13.（2020新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular__________(interesting) to scientists
14.（2020新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a___________(celebrate) marking the end of the winter seasonand the beginning of spring.
五年(2018-2022)全国高考语文真题分项汇编专题07-4 选择 简答(含详解)
五年真题分类汇编选择简答【2022年】（2022·全国甲卷·）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
能否将珍贵的文物置于掌中观赏品味？能否步入千年墓穴一探究竟？能否与未曾展出的国宝亲密接触？……与过去相比，今天的博物馆已经发生了①_______________的变化。
有了科技的助力，这些往日因时空限制而②_______________的事情都已成为现实。
“博物馆+高科技”让那些沉睡千年的古物“活”在了今人面前，为越来越多的人带来不一样的观展体验，让他们可以去那些原本“去不了”的地方，看那些本来“看不到的事物”。
故宫博物院举办的那场名为《清明上河图3.0》的高科技互动展演艺术，用现代超高清数字技术完美融合古代绘画艺术。
观众们沿着张择端的笔触走进繁华的北宋都城汴梁，穿梭于楼台之间，泛舟于汴河之上，观两岸人来人往，看水鸟掠过船篷。
沉浸其中，确有一种③______________的情趣。
在2016年的纪念殷墟妇好墓考古发掘四十周年特展上，首都博物馆利用虚拟技术带领观众“回到”妇好墓的考古发掘现场，上下6层、深达7.5米的妇好墓葬④_______________。
此外还有一些博物馆利用虚拟技术，以数字化方式展现文物全貌。
观众只需在屏幕上滑动手指，就可近距离、全角度现赏文物，将静置于展柜中、封存进仓库里、消散在过往中的历史“托在手上”，全方位观察岁月留下的每一处细痕。
1．请在文中横线处填入恰当的成语。
2．文中画横线的句子有语病，请进行修改，使语言表达准确流畅。
可少量增删词语，不得改变原意。
3．文中多处用了引号，下列四处引号中用法和其他三处不同的一项是（）A．古物“活”在了今人面前B．去那些原本“去不了”的地方C．带领观众“回到”妇好墓的考古发掘现场D．将静置于展柜中、封存进仓库里、消散在过往中的历史“托在手上”（2022·全国甲卷·）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
又是一年槐花儿飘香的季节，小伙伴们有没有想起儿时那些带有妈妈专属味道的槐花美食？不过，槐花①______。
高考语文五年(2019-2023)真题分类汇编(通用)专题09语言文字运用(选择简答题)(含答案)
五年（20192023）年高考真题分项汇编专题09 语言文字运用（选择+简答题）〖2023年高考真题〗（2023年新高考Ⅱ卷）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
“耳机一戴，谁也不爱”。
周围的世界有时太嘈杂了，但想安静一下不被打扰也很容易，① 。
可是最近，樊女士发现，自从经常戴上耳机听着歌入睡以来，耳朵里开始有了“嗡嗡嗡”的耳鸣声。
去医院一看，居然是过度使用耳机造成的突发性耳聋。
那么，使用耳机② ？医学研究告诉我们，这个度包括时间和音量两方面，即音量不宜超过最大音量的60%，时间要限制在60分钟以内。
如果超过这个限度，就可能威胁耳朵的健康。
比如诱发耳部炎症，导致耳朵疼痛、耳屎变多等。
有人觉得这都是小事，忍忍就过去了。
但事实上，③ ，还可能逐渐升级。
对耳朵来说，过大的声音就是噪音，噪音会对耳道产生压力，压力又会撞击鼓膜听骨链传到内耳，震荡前庭淋巴液，这一系列连锁反应下来，会出现晕车一样的头晕症状。
声音过大还会损坏耳蜗中的听觉毛细胞，导致耳鸣。
如果长时间暴露在过大的声音中，会使听觉毛细胞失去敏感性，无法接收声音的信号，形成暂时或永久性听力下降。
20．下列句子中的“谁”和“耳机一戴，谁也不爱”中的“谁”，意义和用法相同的一项是（）A．怅寥廓，问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮？B．生活中谁都需要表达和交流。
C．我本来是跟他开玩笑的，谁知道他竟然生气了。
D．我越来越深刻地感觉到谁是我们最可爱的人！21．请在文中横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密，每处不超过10个字。
22．文中画波浪线的部分有语病，请进行修改，使语言表达准确流畅。
可增删少量词语，但不得改变原意。
【答案】20．B 21．①你只需要一副耳机②有什么限度③过度使用耳机的危害22．如果长时间暴露在过大的声音中，听觉毛细胞会失去敏感性，无法接收声音的信号，导致暂时或永久性听力下降。
【解析】20．本题考查学生正确使用词语的能力。
疑问代词“谁”的用法分为基本用法和特殊用法。
2018高考英语阅读理解真题大全(附详解)
2018高考英语阅读理解真题大全(附详解)-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN2018高考英语阅读理解真题大全（附详解）1.Summer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.（1）Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.（2）What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?A.Travel to London.B.See a parade and fireworks.C.Tour central Paris.D.Visit the WWI battlefields.（3）How long does Potty about Potter last?A.Two days.B.Four days.C.Five days.D.One week.2.Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who caresHowever, they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.（1）What does the author seem to like about cherries?A.They contain protein.B.They are high in vitamin A.C.They have a pleasant taste.D.They are rich in antioxidants.（2）Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A.To make them smell better.B.To keep their colour.C.To speed up their ripening.D.To improve their nutrition.（3）What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A.A dessert.B.A drink.C.A container.D.A machine.（4）From which is the text probably taken?A.A biology textbook.B.A health magazine.C.A research paper.D.A travel brochure.3.Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report’s key findings, “t he proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.（1）What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A.Children’s reading habits.B.Quality of children’s books.C.Children’s after-class activities.D.Parent-child relationships.（2）Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"A.In paragraph 2.B.In paragraph 3.C.In paragraph 4.D.In paragraph 5.（3）Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A.E-books are of poor quality.B.It could be a waste of time.C.It may harm children’s health.D.E-readers are expensive.（4）How should parents encourage their children to read more?A.Act as role models for them.B.Ask then to write book reports.C.Set up reading groups for them.D.Talk with their reading class teachers.4.We’ve all been th ere: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What’s the problemIt’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. E xperts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’teven exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphones.B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C.Absence of communication between strangers.D.Impatience with slow service.（2）What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A.Showing good manners.B.Relating to other people.C.Focusing on a topic.D.Making business deals.（3）What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A.It improves family relationships.B.It raises people’s confidence.C.It matters as much as a formal talk.D.It makes people feel good.（4）What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small TalkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable Silence5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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Youth Fine Arts Course Jan. 18-Mar. 7
Mesa Arts Center is hosting an eight-week youth arts course on Saturdays to teach artistic skills and knowledge through fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety of art materials, including painting, drawing, mixed media and sculpture, ensuring mentally stimulating sessions for all.
3.Which event lasts the longest?
A.ZooLights:Glow Wild.
B.Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts.
C.Family Fun Winterfest.
D.Youth Fine Arts Courses.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
C.Join a tour group.D.Book a ticket online.
2.What can you do at Family Fun Winterfest?
A.Have free food.B.Enjoy real snow.
C.Take art classes.D.Meet local artists.
阅读理解高考真题汇编（20
1.
A
Family-Friendly Events in January
ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19
The Phoenix Zoo’s yearly holiday light show is on until Jan. 19, allowing families one or more opportunities to enjoy the city’s zoo, with millions of lights giving an added dimension to the festivities.
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。主要介绍四个在一月份开始举办的家庭友好活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19下的段落中“$11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admission.(会员价11. 95美元，普通门票价13.95美元)”可知，要买到ZooLights show的折扣票，需成为会员。故选B项。
Mesa Art Center, 1 E. Main St. , Mesa, , $93.
1.How can you get a discounted ticket to the ZooLights show?
A.Bring a friend.B.Get a membership.
Glow Wild, 455 N. Galvin Pkwy. , Phoenix, , $11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admission.
Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan. 4-18
The Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts features the work of established and emerging artists, including those who create woodwork, metal crafts, food items, art, photography and gifts.
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据每段的小标题“ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19(ZooLights: Glow Wild，1月1日到19日)”，“Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan. 4-18(Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts，1月4日到18日)”，“Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4(Family Fun Winterfest，1月4日)”和“Youth Fine Arts Course Jan. 18-Mar. 7(Youth Fine Arts Course，1月18日到3月7日)”可知，四个活动中，持续最长的是Youth Fine Arts Course。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4下的段落中“OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in.(位于沙漠的OdySea Aquarium正在其Desert Courtyard举办第三届年度家庭趣味冬季活动，以真正的雪为特色，供孩子们玩耍)”可知，在Family Fun Winterfest可以享受真正的雪。故选B项。
On Macdonald, off of Main Street in Downtown Mesa, , free admission.
Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4
OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to ures everything from bounce houses to rides, games, snowflake crafts and face painting to go with various stands set up by local sellers, with food and other offerings for sale at the event.