2007年成人高考政治试题及答案上(专升本)
2007年成人高考政治试题及标准答案下(专升本)
（1）Instructions:Read the poem "A Day" by Emily Dickinson in Unit 6: Activity 1, Task 1, and answer the questions that follow.A DayI'll tell you how the sun rose, ---A ribbon at a time.The steeples swam in amethyst,The news like squirrels ran.The hills united their bonnets,The bobolinks begun.Then I said softly to myself,"That must have been the sun!" … … …But how he set, I know not.There seemed a purple stileWhich little yellow boys and girlsWere climbing all the whileTill when they reached the other side,A dominie in grayPut gently up the evening bars, ---And led the flock away.Questions:1.Which metaphorical phrase describes clouds on the horizon?2.What are the evening sunbeams described as?3.What are the sunbeams climbing over?4.How is evening personified?5.What have the 'children' become at the end?6.What does "the sun rose" refer to?7.What is the poet's attitude to the birth?8.What does sunset refer to?9.What does the title mean?10.Please list at least 5 images in the first two stanzas.Understanding（1）Instructions:Read the complete short story A Horseman in the Sky in Unit 5: then answer the following questions.A Horseman in the SkyAmbrose Bierce (1842-1914?)1One sunny afternoon in the autumn of the year 1861, a soldier lay in a clump of laurel by the side of a road in Western Virginia. He lay at full length, upon his stomach, his feet resting upon the toes, his head upon the left forearm. His extend ed right hand loosely grasped his rifle. But for the somewhat methodical disposition of his limbs and a light rhythmic movement of the cartridge box at the back of hi s belt, he might have thought to be dead. He was asleep at his post of duty. But if detected he would be dead shortly afterward, that being the just and legal penalt y of his crime.2The clump of laurel in which the criminal lay was in the angle of a road which, after ascending, southward, a steep acclivity to that point, turned sharply to the w est, running along the summit for perhaps one hundred yards. There it turned sout hward again and went zigzagging downward through the forest. At the salient of th at second angle was a large flat rock, jutting out from the ridge to the northward, overlooking the deep valley from which the road ascended. The rock capped a hig h cliff. A stone dropped from its outer edge would have fallen sheer downward one thousand feet to the tops of the pines. The angle where the soldier lay was on a nother spur of the same cliff. Had he been awake he would have commanded a vi ew, not only of the short arm of the road and the jutting rock but of the entire profile of the cliff below it. It might well have made him giddy to look.3. The country was wooded everywhere except at the bottom of the valley to the northward, where there was a small natural meadow, through which flowed a strea m scarcely visible from the valley’s rim. This open ground looked hardly larger than an ordinary door-yard, but was really several acres in extent. Its green was more vivid than that of the enclosing forest. Away beyond it rose a line of giant cliffs si milar to those upon which we are supposed to stand in our survey of the savage scene, and through which the road had somehow made its climb to the summit. T he configuration of the valley, indeed, was such that from our point of observation it seemed entirely shut in, and one could not but have wondered how the road whi ch found a way out of it had found a way into it, and whence came and whither went the waters of the stream that parted the meadow two thousand feet below.4No country is so wild and difficult but men will make it a theatre of war; conce aled in the forest at the bottom of that military rat trap, in which half a hundred m en in possession of the exits might have starved an army to submission, lay five r egiments of Federal infantry. They had marched all the previous day and night and were resting. At nightfall they would take to the road again, climb to the place wh ere their unfaithful sentinel now slept, and descending to the other slope of the rid ge, fall upon a camp of the enemy at about midnight. Their hope was to surprise i t, for the road led to the rear of it. In case of failure their position would be perilo us in the extreme; and fail they surly would should accident or vigilance apprise th e enemy of the movement.5The sleeping sentinel in the clump of laurel was a young Virginian named Carte r Druse. He was the son of wealthy parents, an only child, and had known such e ase and cultivation and high living as wealth and taste were able to command in t he mountain country of Western Virginia. His home was but a few miles from wher e he now lay. One morning he had risen from the breakfast table and said, quietly but gravely: "Father, a Union regiment has arrived at Grafton. I am going to join i t."6The father lifted his leonine head, looked at the son a moment in silence, and replied: "Go, Carter, and whatever may occur, do what you conceive to be your du ty. Virginia, to which you are a traitor, must get on without you. Should we both liv e to the end of the war, we will speak further of the matter. Your mother, as the physician has informed you, is in a most critical condition; at the best she cannot be with us longer than a few weeks, but that time is precious. It would be better n ot to disturb her."7So Carter Druse, bowing reverently to his father, who returned the salute with a stately courtesy which masked a breaking heart, left the home of his childhood to go soldiering. By conscience and courage, by deeds of devotion and daring, he soon commended himself to his fellows and his officers; and it was to these qualitie s and to some knowledge of the country that he owed his selection for his present perilous duty at the extreme outpost. Nevertheless, fatigue had been stronger than resolution, and he had fallen asleep. What good or bad angel came in a dream t o rouse him from his state of crime who shall say? Without a movement, without a sound, in the profound silence and the languor of the late afternoon, some invisibl e messenger of fate touched with unsealing finger the eyes of his consciousness --whispered into the ear of his spirit the mysterious awakening word which no hum an lips have ever spoken, no human memory ever has recalled. He quietly raised his forehead from his arm and looked between the masking stems of the laurels, i nstinctively closing his right hand about the stock of his rifle.8His first feeling was a keen artistic delight. On a colossal pedestal, the cliff, mo tionless at the extreme edge of the capping rock and sharply outlined against the sky, was an equestrian statue of impressive dignity. The figure of the man sat the figure of the horse, straight and soldierly, but with the repose of a Grecian god car ved in the marble which limits the suggestion of activity. The gray costume harmon ized with its aerial background; the metal of accoutrement and caparison was softe ned and subdued by the shadow; the animal’s skin had no points of high light. A carbine, strikingly foreshortened, lay across the pommel of the saddle, kept in plac e by the right hand grasping it at the "grip"; the left hand, holding the bridle rein, was invisible. In silhouette against the sky, the profile of the horse was cut with th e sharpness of a cameo; it looked across the heights of air to the confronting cliffs beyond. The face of the rider, turned slightly to the left, showed only an outline o f temple and beard; he was looking downward to the bottom of the valley. Magnifie d by its lift against the sky and by the soldier’s testifying sense of the formidablen ess of a near enemy, the group appeared of heroic, almost colossal, size.9For an instant Druse had a strange, half-defined feeling that he had slept to th e end of the war and was looking upon a noble work of art reared upon that com manding eminence to commemorate the deeds of a heroic past of which he had b een an inglorious part. The feeling was dispelled by a light movement of the grou p; the horse, without moving its feet, had drawn its body slightly backward from th e verge; the man remained immobile as before. Broad awake and keenly alive to t he significance of the situation, Druse now brought the butt of his rifle against his cheek by cautiously pushing the barrel forward through the bushes, cocked the pie ce, and glancing throug h the sights, covered a vital spot of the horseman’s breast.A touch upon the trigger and all would have been well with Carter Druse. At that instant the horseman turned his head and looked in the direction of his concealed foe-man - seemed to look into his very face, into his eyes, into his brave compas sionate heart.10Is it, then, so terrible to kill an enemy in war -- an enemy who has surprised a secret vital to the safety of one’s self and comrades -- an enemy more formidable for his knowledge than all his army for its numbers? Carter Druse grew deathly pale; he shook in every limb, turned faint, and saw the statuesque group before hi m as black figures rising, falling, moving unsteadily in arcs of circles in a fiery sky. His face rested on the leaves in which he lay. This courageous gentleman and h ardy soldier was near swooning from intensity of emotion.11It was not for long; in another moment his face was raised from earth, his ha nds resumed their places on the rifle, his forefinger sought the trigger; mind, heart, and eyes were clear, conscience and reason sound. He could not hope to captur e that enemy. To alarm him would but send him dashing to his camp with his fata l news. The duty of the soldier was plain: the man must be shot dead from ambus h -- without warning, without a moment’s spiritual preparation, with never so much as an unspoken prayer, he must be sent to his account. But no -- there is a hop e; he may have discovered nothing -- perhaps he is but admiring the sublimity of t he landscape. If permitted he may turn and ride carelessly away in the direction w hence he came. Surely it will be possible to judge at the instant of his withdrawing whether he knows. It may well be that his fixed attention -- Druse turned his head and looked below, through the deeps of air downward, as from the surface to the bottom of a translucent sea. He saw creeping across the green meadow a sinuo us line of figures of men and horses -- some foolish commander was permitting th e soldiers of his escort to water their beasts in the open, in plain view from a hun dred summits!12Druse withdrew his eyes from the valley and fixed them again upon the group of man and horse in the sky and again it was through the sights of his rifle. But this time his aim was at the horse. In his memory, as if they were a divine manda te, rang the words of his father at their parting. "Whatever may occur, do what you conceive to be your duty." He was calm now. His teeth were firmly but not rigidly closed; his nerves were as tranquil as a sleepi ng babe’s -- not a tremor affected any muscle of his body; his breathing, until suspended in the act of taking aim, wa s regular and slow. Duty had conquered; the spirit had said to the body: "Peace, b e still." He fired.13At that moment an officer of the Federal force, who, in a spirit of adventure o r in quest of knowledge, had left the hidden bivouac in the valley, and, with aimles s feet, had made his way to the lower edge of a small open space near the foot of the cliff, was considering what he had to gain by pushing his exploration further. At a distance of a quarter-mile before him, but apparently at a stone’s throw, rose from its fringe of pines the gigantic face of rock, towering to so great a height ab ove him that it made him giddy to look up to where its edge cut a sharp, rugged l ine against the sky. At some distance away to his right it presented a clean, vertic al profile against a background of blue sky to a point half of the way down, and o f distant hills hardly less blue thence to the tops of the trees at its base. Lifting hi s eyes to the dizzy altitude of its summit, the officer saw an astonishing sight -- aman on horseback riding down into the valley through the air!14Straight upright sat the rider, in military fashion, with a firm seat in the saddle, a strong clutch upon the rein to hold his charger from too impetuous a plunge. Fr om his bare head his long hair steamed upward, wading like a plume. His right ha nd was concealed in the cloud of the horse’s lifted mane. The animal’s body was as level as if every hoof stroke encountered the resistant earth. Its motions were t hose of a wild gallop, but even as the officer looked they ceased, with all the legs thrown sharply forward as in the act of alighting from a leap. But this was a fligh t!15Filled with amazement and terror by this apparition of a horseman in the sky -- half believing himself the chosen scribe of some new Apocalypse, the officer was overcome by the intensity of his emotions; his legs failed him and he fell. Almost at the same instant he heard a crashing sound in the trees -- a sound that died w ithout an echo, and all was still.16The officer rose to his feet, trembling. The familiar sensation of an abraded sh in recalled his dazed faculties. Pulling himself together, he ran rapidly obliquely aw ay from the cliff to a point a half-mile from its foot; thereabout he expected to find his man, and thereabout he naturally failed. In the fleeting instant of his vision his imagination had been so wrought upon by the apparent grace and ease and inten tion of the marvelous performance that it did not occur to him that the line of marc h of aerial cavalry is directed downward, and that he could find the objects of his search at the very foot of the cliff. A half-hour later he returned to camp.17This officer was a wise man; he knew better than to tell an incredible truth. H e said nothing of what he had seen. But when the commander asked him if in his scout he had learned anything of advantage to the expedition, he answered:18"Yes, sir; there is no road leading down into this valley from the southward."19The commander, knowing better, smiled.20After firing his shot private Carter Druse reloaded his rifle and resumed his wa tch. Ten minutes had hardly passed when a Federal sergeant crept cautiously to hi m on hands and knees. Druse neither turned his head nor looked at him, but lay without motion or sign of recognition.21"Did you fire?" the sergeant whispered.22"Yes."23"At what?"24"A horse. It was standing on yonder rock -- pretty far out. You see it is no lo nger there. It went over the cliff."25The man’s face was white but he showed no other sign of emotion. Having a nswered, he turned away his face and said no more. The sergeant did not underst and.26"See here, Druse," he s aid, after a moment’s silence, "it’s no use making a m ystery. I order you to report. Was there anybody on the horse?"27"Yes."28"Who?"29"My father."30 The sergeant rose to his feet and walked away. "Good God!" he said.I. Paraphrase the following four sentences:1.But for the somewhat methodical disposition of his limbs and a light rhythmic movement of the cartridge box at the back of his belt, he might have thought to be d ead. (2.5 points)2.… concealed in the forest at the bottom of that mili tary rat trap, in which half ahundred men in possession of the exit might have starved an army to submission, lay five regiments of Federal infantry. (2.5 points)3.No country is so wide and so difficult but men will make it a theatre of war. (2.5points)4. The familiar sensation of an abraded shin recalled his dazed faculties. (2.5 points)I. Questions:1.Where was the story set in? (4 points)2.Who was the character present in paragraph 1? What was he doing? (4 points)3.What would happen to him if he was discovered asleep? (4 points)4.Why was he asleep on duty? (4 points)5.What did he found as soon as he woke up? (4 points)6.Why did not Druse shoot the horseman and the horse immediately? (4 points)7.Was Druse in a dilemma? What’s his dilemma?(4 points)8.What did he do finally? What urged him to act? (4 points)9.How did Druse feel after shooting?(4 points)10.Who was the horseman shot by Druse?(4 points)。
历历年成人高考专升本时事政治试题及答案 精品
历年成人高考专升本时事政治试题及答案一、选择题1.哲学上的一元论就是（）。
A.承认世界是物质的B.承认世界是精神的C.承认世界是统一的D.承认世界是发展的2.中国古代哲学家荀子说：“天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。
”这句话体现的哲学道理是（）。
A.物质运动规律具有普遍性B.物质运动规律具有重复性C.物质运动规律具有稳定性D.物质运动规律具有客观性3.在马克思主义普遍原理指导下，从中国的基本国情出发，走建设有中国特色社会主义道路。
这体现了（）。
A.矛盾的同一性和斗争性的统一B.矛盾的普遍性和特殊性的统一C.事物发展的量变和质变的统一D.事物发展的前进性和曲折性的统一4.强调理性认识依赖于感性认识，这是（）。
A.认识论的辩证法B.认识论的唯物论C.认识论的唯理论D.认识论的经验论5.辩证唯物主义认为，主体和客体的关系是（）。
A.社会存在和社会意识的关系B.改造与被改造、反映与被反映的关系C.社会与自然界的关系D.理论指导实践的关系6.最集中、最直接地反映社会经济基础的社会意识形态是（）。
A.哲学B.艺术C.政治法律思想D.宗教7.十一届三中全会以来，由于党的路线、方针、政策的正确，促进了我国经济的发展，这说明（）。
A.上层建筑对经济基础有能动的反作用B.上层建筑的进步可以决定经济基础发展的根本方向C.经济基础发展的总趋势是由上层建筑决定的D.经济发展的规律是可以改变的8.社会意识的本质是（）。
A.社会人们的共同意识B.社会个人意识的总和C.社会存在的反映D.社会意识的能动性9.群众创造历史的观点的最根本的理论出发点是（）。
A.阶级斗争是阶级社会发展的直接动力B.社会存在决定意识C.人民群众在居民中居多数D.无产阶级政党的群众观点和群众路线10.决定我国目前公有制经济为主体多种经济成分共存的是（）。
A.我国现阶段生产力状况B.我国社会主义制度的优越性C.党的发展经济的政策D.我国社会基本矛盾11.明确把毛泽东思想作为党的指导思想写进党章的会议是（）。
成人高考专升本政治试题及答案
2018年成人高考专升本政治试题及答案一、选择题：每小题2分，共70分。
在每小题给出的4个选项中，选出一项最符合题目要求的。
1、在物质和意识关系的问题上，唯心主义的根本错误是( )A.否认意识对物质的决定作用B.夸大意识对物质的依赖性C.否认意识对物质的依赖性D.夸大物质对意识的决定作用参考答案：C2、唯物主义所要回答的根本问题是( )A.物质和意识的关系问题B.物质是世界的本原问题C.精神是世界的本原问题D.世界是否可知的问题参考答案：B3、进入20世纪90年代，我国对外开放发展到一个新阶段，其显着特点是( )A.技术引进从重视硬件发展到重视软件B.从兴办经济特区发展到开放沿海港口城市C.从吸收利用外资发展到国际劳务合作与跨国经营D.多层次、宽领域、全方位开放的格局初步形成参考答案：D4、生产力与生产关系是( )A.物质和意识的关系B.必然性和偶然性的关系C.内容和形式的关系D.本质和现象的关系参考答案：C5、感觉、知觉和表象，这是( )A.反映论的三种形式B.意识的三种形式C.感性认识的三种形式D.理性认识的三种形式参考答案：C6、只承认绝对运动，否认相对静止，会导致( )A.主观唯心主义B.客观唯心主义C.形而上学不变论D.相对主义诡辩论参考答案：D7、党提出把工作重点由乡村转移到城市的会议是( )A.八七会议B.中共六大C.七届二中全会D.十二月会议参考答案：C8、党的十六大提出了( )A.社会主义现代化的奋斗目标B.社会主义政治文明的奋斗目标C.社会主义小康水平的奋斗目标D.全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标参考答案：D9、在认识活动中，主体和客体之间的关系是( )A.满足和被满足的关系B.反映和被反映的关系C.改造和被改造的关系D.观赏和被观赏的关系参考答案：B10、依法治国，作为党领导人民治理国家的基本方略，被确立下来是在( )A.党的十四大B.党的十五大C.党的十三大D.党的十一届三中全会参考答案：B11、新中国成立后，毛泽东指出我国工人阶级和民族资产阶级的矛盾属于( )A.敌我矛盾B.对抗性矛盾C.人民内部矛盾D.无法调和的矛盾参考答案：C12、在近代中国，首次提出彻底的反帝反封建的民主革命纲领的是( )A.《民报》发刊词、B.兴中会誓词C.中共一大D.中共二大参考答案：D13、毛泽东指出，解决中国一切革命问题的最基本的根据是( )A.正确分析中国社会的阶级状况B.正确分析中国社会的经济结构C.认清中国社会的特殊国情D.认清中国社会的主要矛盾参考答案：C14、建设中国特色社会主义必须依靠的力量是( )A.工人、农民和私营企业主B.工人、农民和个体劳动者C.工人、农民和知识分子D.工人、知识分子和个体劳动者参考答案：C15、在农业社会主义改造中建立的初级农业生产合作社属于( )A.新民主主义性质B.社会主义萌芽性质C.半社会主义性质D.社会主义性质参考答案：C16、科学发展观的实质是( )A.建设社会主义小康社会B.实现共同富裕C.实现经济社会又好又快发展D.建设富强、民主、文明、和谐的社会主义国家参考答案：C17、建立社会主义市场经济就是使市场( )A.调节整个社会的生产和流通B.在国家宏观调控下对资源配置起基础性作用C.在流通领域发挥作用D.自发地调节社会总量平衡参考答案：B18、在革命统一战线的两个联盟中，基本的主要的联盟是( )A.工农联盟B.工人阶级同资产阶级的联盟C.劳动者同非劳动者的联盟D.被剥削者同剥削者的联盟参考答案：A19、中国共产党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源是( )A.加强党的建设B.建设高素质的干部队伍C.始终做到“三个代表”D.全心全意为人民服务参考答案：C20、社会主义精神文明建设的性质和方向取决于( )A.社会主义思想道德建设B.社会主义市场经济体制C.教育科学文化的发展D.国有经济和集体经济的巩固与发展参考答案：A21、社会主义国家的改革，其性质是( )A.社会主义根本制度改革B.原有体制的修补C.社会主义制度的自我完善和发展D.社会主义制度的变革参考答案：C22、马克思主义在中国开始得到真正的传播是在( )A.辛亥革命后B.十月革命后C.五四运动后D.中国共产党成立后参考答案：B23、从1978年至l982年是邓小平理论、( )A.初步形成B.形成轮廓C.形成理论体系D.发展完善参考答案：A24、哲学上的两大基本派别是指( )A.可知论和不可知论B.一元论哲学和二元论哲学C.唯物主义哲学和唯心主义哲学D.辩证法和形而上学参考答案：C25、“构建社会主义和谐社会”这一科学概念的正式提出是在( )A.2002年党的十六大B.2003年党的十六届三中全会C.2004年党的十六届四中全会D.2005年党的十六届五中全会参考答案：C26、延安整风的中心内容是( )A.反对党八股以整顿文风B.反对宗派主义以整顿党风C.反对官僚主义以整顿作风D.反对主观主义以整顿学风参考答案：D27、新民主主义的前途是( )A.独立国家B.封建社会C.资本主义共和国D.社会主义参考答案：D28、被誉为“新时期思想解放的第一个宣言书”是( )A.邓小平“南方谈话”B.“中国共产党第十二次全国代表大会闭幕词”C.“科学技术是第一生产力”的提出D.“解放思想，实事求是，团结一致向前看”参考答案：D29、中国无产阶级最早诞生于( )A.外国资本主义在华企业B.洋务派开设的工厂C.中国民族资本主义企业D.官僚资本主义企业参考答案：A30、阶级斗争即( )A.某一阶级内部的斗争B.所有阶级之间的斗争C.经济利益根本对立的阶级之间的斗争D.思想观点根本对立的阶级之间的斗争参考答案：C31、联系的客观普遍性原理的方法论意义在于( )A.它要求人们用整体的观点去认识事物B.它是正确区分事物的基础C.它是认识事物本质的基础D.它是科学分类的客观依据参考答案：A32、国家政权属于( )A.经济基础B.生产关系C.政治上层建筑D.思想上层建筑参考答案：C33、新民主主义经济的领导力量是( )A.合作社经济B.私人经济C.公私合营经济D.国营经济参考答案：D34、“三个有利于”标准有明确的针对性，它是针对( )A.社会主义建设中的形式主义和主观主义B.改革过程中出现的姓“资”姓“社”问题C.国际共产主义运动中关于社会主义的有关问题D.社会主义理论建设问题参考答案：B35、下列选项中不正确的是( )A.历史上的人可以分为历史人物和普通个人B.历史人物可以分为正面人物和反面人物C.正面人物中包括无产阶级领袖D.无产阶级领袖是历史的主人参考答案：D。
成人高考专升本政治试题及答案
成人高考专升本政治试题及答案一、选择题1.邓小平指出，全党和全国的工作中心是(A)A.经济建设B.坚持四项基本原则C.坚持改革开放D.实现共同富裕2.重新强调并进一步丰富和发展了社会主义初级阶段理论，是在党的(D)A.十二大B.十三大C.十四大D.十五大3.现阶段中国最大的实际是(D)A.生产力水平低，经济发展落后B.人口数量多，素质不高C.社会主义市场经济体制还不完善D.处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段4.社会主义初级阶段是(B)A.任何国家进入社会主义都必然经历的阶段B.我国在生产力落后、商品经济不发达条件下建设社会主义必须经历的特定阶段C.发展中国家进入社会主义必须经历的特定阶段D.我国由半封建半殖民地社会向社会主义过渡的阶段5.社会主义建设的根本保证是(A)A.坚持四项基本原则B.坚持改革开放C.实行依法治国D.实行公有制和按劳分配6.党的十三大在邓小平理论指导下，制定了党在社会主义初级阶段的(A)A.基本路线B.基本纲领C.基本方针D.基本政策7.社会主义发展的动力是(B)A.革命B.改革C.阶级斗争D.无产阶级专政8.我国社会主义初级阶段的主要矛盾是(B)A.人民日益增长的物质文化需要和落后的社会生产力之间的矛盾B.人民日益增长的物质文化需要和落后的社会生产之间的矛盾C.促进效率与体现社会公平之间的矛盾D.工人阶级和资产阶级的矛盾9.改革的根本目的是(A)A.解放和发展生产力B.提高人民日益增长的物质文化需要C.发展公有制、逐步实现共同富裕D.建立社会主义的物质技术基础，巩固社会主义制度10.社会主义初级阶段基本路线的核心和主体是(A)A.经济建设B.坚持四项基本原则C.坚持改革开放D.建设精神文明11.我国社会主义初级阶段的含义是(A)A.我国已经是社会主义社会，我国的社会主义社会还处在初级阶段B.初级阶段是任何国家进入社会主义都必须经历的起始阶段C.是资本主义向社会主义过渡的阶段D.是新民主主义社会向社会主义社会过渡的阶段12.我国社会主义初级阶段基本路线的主要内容有(A)A.以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放B.团结全国各族人民C.自力更生D.艰苦创业13.改革是中国的第二次革命，是因为改革(B)A.是社会发展的动力B.是对原有体制进行根本性变革，是为了解放生产力C.是社会主义生产关系的自我完善D.是社会主义制度的自我发展14.党的十五大在邓小平理论指导下，制定了党在社会主义初级阶段的(B)A.基本路线B.基本纲领C.基本方针D.基本政策15.我国社会主义初级阶段的时间跨度是指(B)A.中华人民共和国成立到社会主义现代化基本实现B.社会主义改造基本完成到社会主义现代化基本实现C.中华人民共和国成立到社会主义改造基本完成D.社会主义改造基本完成到实现发达的社会主义16.坚持党的基本路线一百年不动摇的关键是(A)A.坚持以经济建设为中心不动摇B.坚持两手抓不动摇C.坚持改革开放不动摇D.坚持四项基本原则不动摇17.我们党制度路线、方针、政策的根本出发点是(C)A.我国的政治体制改革B.以经济建设为中心C.我国长期处于社会主义初级阶段D.改革开放18.社会主义国家的改革，其性质是(C)A.社会主义根本制度改革B.原有体制的修补C.社会主义制度的自我完善和发展D.社会主义制度的变革19.坚持四项基本原则的核心是(B)A.坚持社会主义道路B.坚持党的领导C.坚持人民民主专政D.坚持马列主义、毛泽东思想20.中国特色社会主义文化建设的根本是(C)A.发展教育和科学B.营造良好的文化环境C.在全社会形成共同理想和精神支柱D.发展文学艺术二、辨析题1.改革是中国的第二次革命，是社会主义制度的自我完善和发展。
思政理论专升本试题及答案
思政理论专升本试题及答案思政理论作为高等教育中的重要组成部分，对于专升本学生而言，不仅是知识掌握的体现，更是思想政治素养提升的重要途径。
以下是一份模拟的思政理论专升本试题及答案，供学生参考和练习。
一、单项选择题1. 社会主义核心价值观中，属于个人层面的价值准则是（）。
A. 富强、民主、文明、和谐B. 自由、平等、公正、法治C. 爱国、敬业、诚信、友善D. 改革、创新、协调、绿色答案：C2. 中国特色社会主义法治道路的核心要义是（）。
A. 依法治国B. 党的领导C. 人民当家作主D. 社会主义制度答案：B3. “三个代表”重要思想中，始终代表中国先进社会生产力的发展要求，其本质是（）。
A. 推动科技进步B. 促进经济发展C. 维护社会公平D. 实现社会和谐答案：B二、多项选择题4. 社会主义市场经济的基本特征包括（）。
A. 坚持公有制的主体地位B. 以共同富裕为根本目标C. 能够实行科学的宏观调控D. 市场在资源配置中起决定性作用答案：ABCD5. “五位一体”的总体布局包括（）。
A. 经济建设B. 政治建设C. 文化建设D. 社会建设E. 生态文明建设答案：ABCDE三、简答题6. 简述中国特色社会主义进入新时代的意义。
答案：中国特色社会主义进入新时代，意味着中国特色社会主义事业发展到了一个新的历史阶段。
这一新时代是我国发展新的历史方位，标志着我国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。
新时代的到来，为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供了更加坚实的基础和更加广阔的舞台，同时也对党的建设、国家治理、社会发展等提出了新的更高要求。
四、论述题7. 论述如何理解“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念，并谈谈在实际生活中如何践行这一理念。
答案：‘绿水青山就是金山银山’的发展理念是中国特色社会主义生态文明建设的重要指导思想，它强调了生态环境保护与经济发展之间的内在联系和辩证统一。
2007年普通高等学校专升本考试试题与答案
母填在题后的括号内。每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
25.中国现代小说的奠基人是
()
A．沈从文
B．茅盾
C．鲁迅
D．巴金
26.庄子《秋水》的主旨是阐发
()
A．为政以德的道理
B．吸纳人才的主张
C．以民为本的治国思想
D．人的认识有限的哲理
27．《寡人之于国也》选自
()
A.《庄子·秋水》 B．《荀子·劝学》 C．《论语·为政》 D．《孟子·梁惠王》
D．文学的文字必须顾及联想意义
38.议论文中，由已知一般原理推导出关于个别情况的结论，这种论证方法是
()
A.对比法
B．归纳法法
C．演绎法
D．类比法
39.作品诙谐幽默、寓悲于喜、具有“含泪的微笑”的独特风格的美国著名小说家是( )
A.莫泊桑
B．契诃夫
C．欧·亨利
D．屠格涅夫
六、文言文翻译（将每题画线处译成现代汉语。每小题 3 分，共 15 分）
难得、最稀有的态度。人类的习惯是喜同而恶异的，总不喜欢和自己不同的信仰、思想、行 为。这就是不容忍的根源。不容忍只是不能容忍和我自己不同的新思想和新信仰。一个宗教 团体总相信自己的宗教信仰是对的，是不会错的，所以它总相信那些和自己不同的宗教信仰 必定是错的，必定是异端、邪教。一个政治团体总相信自己的政治主张是对的，是不会错的， 所以它总相信那些和自己不同的政治见解必定是错的，必定是敌人。
D．发展市场经济的考验
E．和平演变的考验
17.改革、发展、稳定的关系是
()
A．改革是动力
B．发展是目的
C．稳定是前提
D．稳定是目的
E．发展是手段
18.社会主义初级阶段的私营经济
2007年成人高考政治试题及答案下(专升本)
（1）Instructions:Read the poem "A Day" by Emily Dickinson in Unit 6: Activity 1, Task 1, and answer the questions that follow.A DayI'll tell you how the sun rose, ---A ribbon at a time.The steeples swam in amethyst,The news like squirrels ran.The hills united their bonnets,The bobolinks begun.Then I said softly to myself,"That must have been the sun!" … … …But how he set, I know not.There seemed a purple stileWhich little yellow boys and girlsWere climbing all the whileTill when they reached the other side,A dominie in grayPut gently up the evening bars, ---And led the flock away.Questions:1.Which metaphorical phrase describes clouds on the horizon?2.What are the evening sunbeams described as?3.What are the sunbeams climbing over?4.How is evening personified?5.What have the 'children' become at the end?6.What does "the sun rose" refer to?7.What is the poet's attitude to the birth?8.What does sunset refer to?9.What does the title mean?10.Please list at least 5 images in the first two stanzas.Understanding（1）Instructions:Read the complete short story A Horseman in the Sky in Unit 5: then answer the following questions.A Horseman in the SkyAmbrose Bierce (1842-1914?)1One sunny afternoon in the autumn of the year 1861, a soldier lay in a clump of laurel by the side of a road in Western Virginia. He lay at full length, upon his stomach, his feet resting upon the toes, his head upon the left forearm. His extend ed right hand loosely grasped his rifle. But for the somewhat methodical disposition of his limbs and a light rhythmic movement of the cartridge box at the back of hi s belt, he might have thought to be dead. He was asleep at his post of duty. But if detected he would be dead shortly afterward, that being the just and legal penalt y of his crime.2The clump of laurel in which the criminal lay was in the angle of a road which, after ascending, southward, a steep acclivity to that point, turned sharply to the w est, running along the summit for perhaps one hundred yards. There it turned sout hward again and went zigzagging downward through the forest. At the salient of th at second angle was a large flat rock, jutting out from the ridge to the northward, overlooking the deep valley from which the road ascended. The rock capped a hig h cliff. A stone dropped from its outer edge would have fallen sheer downward one thousand feet to the tops of the pines. The angle where the soldier lay was on a nother spur of the same cliff. Had he been awake he would have commanded a vi ew, not only of the short arm of the road and the jutting rock but of the entire profile of the cliff below it. It might well have made him giddy to look.3. The country was wooded everywhere except at the bottom of the valley to the northward, where there was a small natural meadow, through which flowed a strea m scarcely visible from the valley’s rim. This open ground looked hardly larger than an ordinary door-yard, but was really several acres in extent. Its green was more vivid than that of the enclosing forest. Away beyond it rose a line of giant cliffs si milar to those upon which we are supposed to stand in our survey of the savage scene, and through which the road had somehow made its climb to the summit. T he configuration of the valley, indeed, was such that from our point of observation it seemed entirely shut in, and one could not but have wondered how the road whi ch found a way out of it had found a way into it, and whence came and whither went the waters of the stream that parted the meadow two thousand feet below.4No country is so wild and difficult but men will make it a theatre of war; conce aled in the forest at the bottom of that military rat trap, in which half a hundred m en in possession of the exits might have starved an army to submission, lay five r egiments of Federal infantry. They had marched all the previous day and night and were resting. At nightfall they would take to the road again, climb to the place wh ere their unfaithful sentinel now slept, and descending to the other slope of the rid ge, fall upon a camp of the enemy at about midnight. Their hope was to surprise i t, for the road led to the rear of it. In case of failure their position would be perilo us in the extreme; and fail they surly would should accident or vigilance apprise th e enemy of the movement.5The sleeping sentinel in the clump of laurel was a young Virginian named Carte r Druse. He was the son of wealthy parents, an only child, and had known such e ase and cultivation and high living as wealth and taste were able to command in t he mountain country of Western Virginia. His home was but a few miles from wher e he now lay. One morning he had risen from the breakfast table and said, quietly but gravely: "Father, a Union regiment has arrived at Grafton. I am going to join i t."6The father lifted his leonine head, looked at the son a moment in silence, and replied: "Go, Carter, and whatever may occur, do what you conceive to be your du ty. Virginia, to which you are a traitor, must get on without you. Should we both liv e to the end of the war, we will speak further of the matter. Your mother, as the physician has informed you, is in a most critical condition; at the best she cannot be with us longer than a few weeks, but that time is precious. It would be better n ot to disturb her."7So Carter Druse, bowing reverently to his father, who returned the salute with a stately courtesy which masked a breaking heart, left the home of his childhood to go soldiering. By conscience and courage, by deeds of devotion and daring, he soon commended himself to his fellows and his officers; and it was to these qualitie s and to some knowledge of the country that he owed his selection for his present perilous duty at the extreme outpost. Nevertheless, fatigue had been stronger than resolution, and he had fallen asleep. What good or bad angel came in a dream t o rouse him from his state of crime who shall say? Without a movement, without a sound, in the profound silence and the languor of the late afternoon, some invisibl e messenger of fate touched with unsealing finger the eyes of his consciousness --whispered into the ear of his spirit the mysterious awakening word which no hum an lips have ever spoken, no human memory ever has recalled. He quietly raised his forehead from his arm and looked between the masking stems of the laurels, i nstinctively closing his right hand about the stock of his rifle.8His first feeling was a keen artistic delight. On a colossal pedestal, the cliff, mo tionless at the extreme edge of the capping rock and sharply outlined against the sky, was an equestrian statue of impressive dignity. The figure of the man sat the figure of the horse, straight and soldierly, but with the repose of a Grecian god car ved in the marble which limits the suggestion of activity. The gray costume harmon ized with its aerial background; the metal of accoutrement and caparison was softe ned and subdu ed by the shadow; the animal’s skin had no points of high light. A carbine, strikingly foreshortened, lay across the pommel of the saddle, kept in plac e by the right hand grasping it at the "grip"; the left hand, holding the bridle rein, was invisible. In silhouette against the sky, the profile of the horse was cut with th e sharpness of a cameo; it looked across the heights of air to the confronting cliffs beyond. The face of the rider, turned slightly to the left, showed only an outline o f temple and beard; he was looking downward to the bottom of the valley. Magnifie d by its lift against the sky and by the soldier’s testifying sense of the formidablen ess of a near enemy, the group appeared of heroic, almost colossal, size.9For an instant Druse had a strange, half-defined feeling that he had slept to th e end of the war and was looking upon a noble work of art reared upon that com manding eminence to commemorate the deeds of a heroic past of which he had b een an inglorious part. The feeling was dispelled by a light movement of the grou p; the horse, without moving its feet, had drawn its body slightly backward from th e verge; the man remained immobile as before. Broad awake and keenly alive to t he significance of the situation, Druse now brought the butt of his rifle against his cheek by cautiously pushing the barrel forward through the bushes, cocked the pie ce, and glancing through the sights, covered a vital spot of the horseman’s breast.A touch upon the trigger and all would have been well with Carter Druse. At that instant the horseman turned his head and looked in the direction of his concealed foe-man - seemed to look into his very face, into his eyes, into his brave compas sionate heart.10Is it, then, so terrible to kill an enemy in war -- an enemy who has surprised a secret vital to the safety of one’s self and comrades -- an enemy more formidable for his knowledge than all his army for its numbers? Carter Druse grew deathly pale; he shook in every limb, turned faint, and saw the statuesque group before hi m as black figures rising, falling, moving unsteadily in arcs of circles in a fiery sky. His face rested on the leaves in which he lay. This courageous gentleman and h ardy soldier was near swooning from intensity of emotion.11It was not for long; in another moment his face was raised from earth, his ha nds resumed their places on the rifle, his forefinger sought the trigger; mind, heart, and eyes were clear, conscience and reason sound. He could not hope to captur e that enemy. To alarm him would but send him dashing to his camp with his fata l news. The duty of the soldier was plain: the man must be shot dead from ambus h -- without warning, without a moment’s spiritual preparation, with never so much as an unspoken prayer, he must be sent to his account. But no -- there is a hop e; he may have discovered nothing -- perhaps he is but admiring the sublimity of t he landscape. If permitted he may turn and ride carelessly away in the direction w hence he came. Surely it will be possible to judge at the instant of his withdrawing whether he knows. It may well be that his fixed attention -- Druse turned his head and looked below, through the deeps of air downward, as from the surface to the bottom of a translucent sea. He saw creeping across the green meadow a sinuo us line of figures of men and horses -- some foolish commander was permitting th e soldiers of his escort to water their beasts in the open, in plain view from a hun dred summits!12Druse withdrew his eyes from the valley and fixed them again upon the group of man and horse in the sky and again it was through the sights of his rifle. But this time his aim was at the horse. In his memory, as if they were a divine manda te, rang the words of his father at their parting. "Whatever may occur, do what you conceive to be your duty." He was calm now. His teeth were firmly but not rigidly closed; his nerves were as tranquil as a sleeping babe’s -- not a tremor affected any muscle of his body; his breathing, until suspended in the act of taking aim, wa s regular and slow. Duty had conquered; the spirit had said to the body: "Peace, b e still." He fired.13At that moment an officer of the Federal force, who, in a spirit of adventure o r in quest of knowledge, had left the hidden bivouac in the valley, and, with aimles s feet, had made his way to the lower edge of a small open space near the foot of the cliff, was considering what he had to gain by pushing his exploration further. At a distance of a quarter-mile before him, but apparently at a stone’s throw, rose from its fringe of pines the gigantic face of rock, towering to so great a height ab ove him that it made him giddy to look up to where its edge cut a sharp, rugged l ine against the sky. At some distance away to his right it presented a clean, vertic al profile against a background of blue sky to a point half of the way down, and o f distant hills hardly less blue thence to the tops of the trees at its base. Lifting hi s eyes to the dizzy altitude of its summit, the officer saw an astonishing sight -- aman on horseback riding down into the valley through the air!14Straight upright sat the rider, in military fashion, with a firm seat in the saddle, a strong clutch upon the rein to hold his charger from too impetuous a plunge. Fr om his bare head his long hair steamed upward, wading like a plume. His right ha nd was concealed in the cloud of the horse’s lifted mane. The animal’s body was as level as if every hoof stroke encountered the resistant earth. Its motions were t hose of a wild gallop, but even as the officer looked they ceased, with all the legs thrown sharply forward as in the act of alighting from a leap. But this was a fligh t!15Filled with amazement and terror by this apparition of a horseman in the sky -- half believing himself the chosen scribe of some new Apocalypse, the officer was overcome by the intensity of his emotions; his legs failed him and he fell. Almost at the same instant he heard a crashing sound in the trees -- a sound that died w ithout an echo, and all was still.16The officer rose to his feet, trembling. The familiar sensation of an abraded sh in recalled his dazed faculties. Pulling himself together, he ran rapidly obliquely aw ay from the cliff to a point a half-mile from its foot; thereabout he expected to find his man, and thereabout he naturally failed. In the fleeting instant of his vision his imagination had been so wrought upon by the apparent grace and ease and inten tion of the marvelous performance that it did not occur to him that the line of marc h of aerial cavalry is directed downward, and that he could find the objects of his search at the very foot of the cliff. A half-hour later he returned to camp.17This officer was a wise man; he knew better than to tell an incredible truth. H e said nothing of what he had seen. But when the commander asked him if in his scout he had learned anything of advantage to the expedition, he answered:18"Yes, sir; there is no road leading down into this valley from the southward."19The commander, knowing better, smiled.20After firing his shot private Carter Druse reloaded his rifle and resumed his wa tch. Ten minutes had hardly passed when a Federal sergeant crept cautiously to hi m on hands and knees. Druse neither turned his head nor looked at him, but lay without motion or sign of recognition.21"Did you fire?" the sergeant whispered.22"Yes."23"At what?"24"A horse. It was standing on yonder rock -- pretty far out. You see it is no lo nger there. It went over the cliff."25The man’s face was white but he showed no other sign of emotion. Having a nswered, he turned away his face and said no more. The sergeant did not underst and.26"See here, Druse," he said, after a moment’s silence, "it’s no use making a m ystery. I order you to report. Was there anybody on the horse?"27"Yes."28"Who?"29"My father."30 The sergeant rose to his feet and walked away. "Good God!" he said.I. Paraphrase the following four sentences:1.But for the somewhat methodical disposition of his limbs and a light rhythmic movement of the cartridge box at the back of his belt, he might have thought to be d ead. (2.5 points)2.… concealed in the forest at the bottom of that military rat trap, in which half ahundred men in possession of the exit might have starved an army to submission, lay five regiments of Federal infantry. (2.5 points)3.No country is so wide and so difficult but men will make it a theatre of war. (2.5points)4. The familiar sensation of an abraded shin recalled his dazed faculties. (2.5 points)I. Questions:1.Where was the story set in? (4 points)2.Who was the character present in paragraph 1? What was he doing? (4 points)3.What would happen to him if he was discovered asleep? (4 points)4.Why was he asleep on duty? (4 points)5.What did he found as soon as he woke up? (4 points)6.Why did not Druse shoot the horseman and the horse immediately? (4 points)7.Was Druse in a dilemma? What’s his dilemma?(4 points)8.What did he do finally? What urged him to act? (4 points)9.How did Druse feel after shooting?(4 points)10.Who was the horseman shot by Druse?(4 points)。
成考政治成人高考(专升本)试题及答案指导(2024年)
2024年成人高考成考政治(专升本)模拟试题(答案在后面)一、马克思主义哲学原理（本大题有10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1、“数字、”格式的单项选择题：1、马克思主义哲学的核心内容是（）。
A. 物质决定意识B. 实践是认识的基础C. 对自然界的规律性的科学认识D. 对社会发展规律的科学认识2、在马克思主义哲学中，（）是世界统一的基础。
A. 物质B. 意识C. 时间D. 空间3、下列关于我国共产党执政思想的表述，不正确的是: (A) 坚持以中国特色社会主义为指导 (B) 坚持以人民为主、为人民服务的根本宗旨 (C) 坚持按西方政治模式发展 (D) 坚持中国共产党领导这个政党4、下列选项中，关于dialectics的正确描述是：(A)认为事物是静止的，不会改变(B)认为事物是相互独立的，之间没有关系(C)认为事物是不断发展变化的，存在矛盾和对立(D)认为事物只有静态变化，没有动态变化5、中国坚持和平发展的道路，奉行防御性的国防政策，不同任何国家搞军备竞赛，不搞”一国两制”的参照国家是：A.英国B.美国C.日本D.法国6、科学发展观的本质和核心是：A.三个代表重要思想B.以人本主义为核心C.全面、协调、可持续的发展D.坚持以人为本7.马克思主义哲学关于人与自然的观点是：①人依赖于自然而存在和发展②人可以脱离自然而独立存在和发展③人与自然应该和谐共生④人可以对自然进行任意改造和利用8.马克思主义哲学认为社会意识对社会存在具有：①决定性影响②无关紧要的影响③促进作用或阻碍作用④完全相反的影响9、下列选项中，属于马克思主义哲学范畴的是（）。
A、自由主义B、行为主义C、实用主义D、辩证唯物主义 10、马克思主义哲学认为，物质世界的统一性在于它的（）。
A、多样性和层次性B、时间和空间的无穷性C、普遍联系和永恒变化D、深刻的本质和现象二、毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论（本大题有10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1、（）在中国共产党的党章中第一次明确规定了建立社会主义市场经济体制的目标。
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2007年成人高考政治试题及答案上(专升本)一．选择题。
1~40小题，每小题2分，共80分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，选出一项最符合题目要求的。
1. 著名科学家钱学森在给以为朋友的信中说：“我近三十年来一直在学习马克思主义哲学，并总是试图用马克思主义哲学指导我的工作，马克思主义哲学是智慧的来源！”这段话说明（）A 马克思主义哲学以具体科学为基础B 马克思主义哲学可以代替具体科学研究C 马克思主义哲学对具体科学研究有指导作用D 马克思主义哲学是认识的来源2. “宇宙即是吾心，吾心便是宇宙。
”这是一种（）A 主观唯心主义观点B 客观唯心主义观点C 形而上学唯物主义观点D 朴素辩证法观点3. 辩证唯物主义认为，实现意识对物质反作用的基本途径是：（）A 学习科学理论B 参加社会实践C 了解社会现状D 研究实际情况4. 下列选项中，属于内容与形式关系的是：（）A 世界观与方法论的关系B 哲学与具体科学的关系C 实践与认识的关系D 国体与政体的关系5. 感性认识和理性认识的根本区别在于（）A 感性认识包含着错误，理性认识完全正确B 感性认识反映事物的现象，理性认识反映事物的本质C 感性认识产生于日常生活，理性认识产生于科学实验D 感性认识来源于科学实践，理性认识来源于抽象思维6. 关于真题标准问题，下列说法中正确的是（）A 多数人认为正确的就是真理B 统治者认为正确的就是真理C 符合以往理论的就是真理D 经实践反复证实的理论就是真理7. 马克思主义认为，科学认识发展的动力在于：（）A 在实践基础上的不断创新B 广大群众的积极参与C 继承前人创造的文化成果D 科学家之间的相互协作8. 国家政权属于（）A 社会经济基础B 社会物质生活条件C 社会上层建筑D 社会生产方式9. 历史唯物主义与历史唯心主义的根本对立在于是否承认（）A 个人在历史发展中的作用B 社会意识在历史发展中的作用C 剥削阶级代表人物在历史发展中的作用D 物质资料生产方式在历史发展中的决定作用10. 在阶级社会中，社会形态更替的决定性环节是（）A 社会革命B 社会改革C 科学发展D 教育普及11. 下列说法中，正确表述人的本质的是（）A 人之初，性本善B 人的本性是趋利避害、自我保存C 人的本质在其现实性上是一切社会关系的总和D 人的天性是追求自由、平等、幸福12. 下列选项中，属于技术社会形态系列的是（）A 原始社会B 工业社会C 奴隶社会D 封建社会13. 党的群众路线的根本出发点和核心内容是（）A 一切为了群众，一切依靠群众B 从群众中来，到群众中去C 虚心向群众学习D 领导与群众相结合14. 近代中国沦为半殖民地半封建社会的根本原因是（）A 帝国主义的侵略B 中国封建主义的统治C 农民革命斗争的失败D 中国资产阶级的软弱15. 人民民主专政是（）A 民主和集中的统一B 自由和纪律的统一C 民主和专政的统一D 个人和集体的统一16. 农民阶级在中国近代民族民主革命中所处的地位是（）A 领导者B 先锋队C 主力军D 参与者17. “对于人，伤其十指不如断其一指；对于军队，击溃其十个师不如歼灭其一个师。
”这句话所体现的战略战术原则是（）A 诱敌深入，积极防御B 集中优势兵力打歼灭敌C 战略上藐视敌人，战术上重视敌人D 运动战与游击战相结合18. 标志着第一次国共合作正式形成的会议是（）A 中共三大B 中共四大C 国民党一大D 国民党二大19. 邓小平指出，在无产阶级政党建设方面，把列宁的建党学说发展得最完备的是（）A 毛泽东B 刘少奇C 周恩来D 朱德20. 国民革命失败后，中国共产党在统一战线问题上出现的主要错误是（）A 投降主义B 盲动主义C 关门主义D 宗派主义21. 通过没收官僚资本，新中国建立了（）A 国营经济B 集体经济C 民营经济D 国际资本主义经济22. 我国对资本主义工商业进行社会主义改造所采取的国家资本主义高级形式（）A 委托加工B 计划订货C 统购包销D 公私合营23. 新中国在第一个五年计划期间，集中主要力量发展的是（）A 重工业B 轻工业C 交通运输业D 农业24. 毛泽东在探索中国社会主义建设道路过程中出现严重失误的最根本的原意是（）A 缺乏社会主义建设的经验B 苏联社会主义模式的消极影响C 党的民主集中制原则和集体领导原则遭到破坏D 对“什么是社会主义，怎么建社会主义”在思想认识上没有完全弄清楚25. 邓小平理论的精髓是（）A 以经济建设为中心B 发展是硬道理C 解放思想，实事求是D “三个有利于”标准26. “三个代表”重要思想与毛泽东思想、邓小平理论是（）A 继承的关系B 发展的关系C 继承和发展的关系D 扬弃的关系27. 邓小平在关于社会主义本质的论述中指出，社会主义的最终目标是（）A 解放和发展生产力B 实现共同富裕C 消灭剥削D 消除两极分化28. 四项基本原则是建设中国特色社会主义的（）A 政治保证B 法律保证C 组织保证D 思想保证29. 社会主义初级阶段始于（）A 1949年中华人民共和国成立B 1956年社会主义改造基本完成C 1978年党的十一届三中全会D 1987年党的十三大30. 国家之间的竞争更多的是科技的竞争，归根到底是（）A 经济的竞争B 人才的竞争C 军事的竞争D 文化的竞争31. 以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展是我国社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度，这一制度的确立是由（）A 分配结构和消费结构决定的B 城乡二元经济结构决定的C 发展市场经济和对外开放决定的D 社会主义性质和初级阶段的国情决定的32. 某国有企业一员工，年收入6万元，其中工资收入3万元，在一集体企业兼职收入1万元，房租收入1万元，股息收入1万元。
该员工一年的按劳分配收入是（）A 3万元B 4万元C 5万元D 6万元33. 现阶段我国各族人民的共同理想是（）A 建立各尽所能、按需分配的共产主义社会B 缩小收入差距，实现共同富裕C 实现祖国的完全统一D 把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义现代化建设国家34. “一国两制”构想的提出，最初是为了解决（）A 香港问题B 台湾问题C 澳门问题D香港和澳门问题35. 我国新时期爱国统一战线的性质，从根本上说是（）A 爱国主义的B 人民民主的C 政治协商的D 社会主义的36. 到2006年12月11日，中国正式加入世贸组织（）A 1周年B 2周年C 5周年D 10周年37. 2007年2月27日，国家科学技术奖励大会在北京隆重举行，获得2006年度国家最高科学技术奖的是在小麦遗传和育种研究方面取得重大成果的科学家（）A 李振声B 袁隆平C 杨振宁D 李政道38. “十一五”期间，我国教育发展的目标中，大力发展的是（）A 职业教育B 技术教育C 中等教育D 高等教育39. 2007年2月4日，中国在非洲建立了第一个经济贸易合作区，所在国是（）A 坦桑尼亚B 赞比亚C 南非D 埃及40. 2006年8月24日，国际天文学联合会大会通过决议，原属于太阳系的一颗行星被开除出太阳系行星系列，这颗行星是（）A 土星B 天王星C 海王星D 冥王星二、解析题：41~42小题，每小题10分，共20分。
首先判断正确或错误，然后说明理由。
41. 在对立中把握同一，在同一中把握对立42. 新民主主义的文化纲领是百花齐放、百家争鸣。
三．简答题：43~45小题，每小题10分，共30分。
43. 简述人民群众的含义和人民群众在历史发展中的作用。
44. 简述中国共产党在中国革命中战胜敌人的三个法宝及相互关系45. 什么是依法治国？实行依法治国有什么重要意义？四、论述题：46小题，20分。
46. 1985年，邓小平在会见外宾时指出：“现在我们正在做的改革这件事是够大胆的，但是，如果我们不这样做，前进就困难了。
改革是中国的第二次革命。
这是一件很重要的必须做的事。
如何理解改革是中国的第二次革命？2007年专升本考试政治试题参考答案一1~5 CABDB6~10 DACDA11~15 CBAAC16~20 CBCAC21~25 ADADC26~30 CBABB31~35 DBDBD36~40 CAABD二、41. 正确（1）矛盾是事物内部两方面之间既对立又统一的关系，具有同一性和斗争性两个基本属性。
（2）矛盾的同一性和斗争性相互联系、密不可分。
一方面，同一性是包含斗争性的同一性，没有斗争性就没有同一性。
另一方面，斗争性寓于同一性之中，没有同一性也就没有斗争性。
（3）矛盾是既对立又统一，因此在认识和实践中，要把矛盾的同一性和斗争性结合起来，在对立中把握同一，在同一中把握对立，反对只见同一或只见对立的形而上学观点。
42. 错误。
（1）新民主主义的文化是无产阶级领导的人民大众的反帝反封建的文化。
（2）这种文化既不同于资产阶级旧民主主义的文化，也不是单纯的无产阶级社会主义文化，而是无产阶级领导的民族的、科学的、大众的文化。
它代表了中国文化的前进方向。
（3）“百花齐放、百家争鸣”是中国共产党在社会主义建设时期实行的繁荣科学文化事业的指导方针。
三、43（1）人民群众是指推动社会历史发展的绝大多数社会成员的总和，劳动者是人民群众的主体。
（2）人民群众是历史的创造者，是推动社会发展的决定力量。
①人民群众是社会物质财富的创造者。
人民群众创造了社会得以存在和发展的物质资料，并且不断推动生产力的发展。
②人民群众是社会精神财富的创造者，人民群众为精神财富的创造提供了物质条件和源泉，还直接参与了精神财富的创造。
③人民群众是社会变革的决定力量。
生产关系的改变，社会制度的更替，只有通过人民群众的革命实践才能实现。
44.（1）统一战线、武装斗争和党的建设，是中国共产党在中国革命中战胜敌人的三大法宝。
（2）它们之间的关系是：武装斗争是中国革命的主要形式，统一战线是中国共产党政治路线的重要组成部分。
统一战线和武装斗争，是战胜敌人的两个基本武器。
而党的组织原则是掌握这两个武器以实行对敌冲锋陷阵的英勇战士。
（3）正确地理解了这三个问题及其相互关系，就等于正确地领导了全部中国革命。
45（1）依法治国就是广大人民群众在党的领导下依照宪法和法律的规定，通过各种途径和形式管理国家事务，管理经济文化事业，管理社会事务，保证国家各项工作都依法进行。
逐步实现民主的制度化、法律化，使这种制度和法律不因领导人的改变而改变，不因领导人看法和注意力的改变而改变。
（2）实行依法治国的意义是：依法治国有利于加强和改善党的领导；依法治国是实现人民当家作主的根本保证；依法治国是发展社会主义市场经济的客观需要；依法治国社会文明进步的标志；依法治国是维护社会稳定，实现国家长治久安的重要保障。
四．46.（1）中国共产党领导的第一次革命把一个半殖民地半封建的旧中国变成了社会主义的新中国；第二次革命将把一个经济文化比较落后的社会主义中国变成一个富强、民主、文明的社会主义中国。