时文阅读精选
时文阅读精选
时文阅读精选一、爱的姿势澜涛（1）救援人员发现她的时候，她已经死了，是被跨塌下来的房子压死的。
透过废墟的间隙，救援人员看到她双膝跪地，整个上身向前匍匐着，双手扶地支撑着身体，有些像古人行跪拜礼，只是身体被压得变形了，看上去有些怪异。
救援人员从废墟的空隙间伸进手去，确认她已经死亡，又冲着废墟喊了几声，用撬棍在砖头上敲了几下，她都没有任何反应，废墟里也没有任何回应。
还有太多的被困者等待救援，救援人员立刻向新的目标搜寻，当救援人员在下一处废墟前探寻是否有生还者时，救援队长隐约听到从她那里传来婴孩的啼哭声。
救援人员立刻纷纷跑回她的尸体前，救援队长再次将手伸进她的尸体底下，仔细地摸索着，摸了几下，救援队长高声喊道“”有人，有个孩子，还活着！”（2）经过一番努力，救援人员小心地把挡着她的废墟清理开，在她的尸体下发现了一个包裹在红色带黄花的小被子里的、三四个月大的婴儿。
因为有她身体的庇护，婴儿毫发未伤。
（3）随行的医生过来解开被子准备给婴儿做些检查，发现有一部手机塞在被子里。
医生下意识地看了一下手机屏幕，发现屏幕上是一条已经写好的短信：“亲爱的宝贝，如果你能活着，一定要记住我爱你。
”（4）瞿万容是一位幼儿园老师。
地震发生时，她正和其他4名老师在校，照看着80多个孩子午睡。
她悄声和另外几名老师说，等孩子们午睡醒来后，她要教孩子们做一个她新学的游戏，她说的时候，脸上满是明媚和喜悦。
（5）然而，地震突然而至，欲将所有的美丽撕碎。
（6）5名老师，80个孩子。
将孩子们都疏散到安全地带成了老师们不可能完成的任务。
但老师们齐声喊了一句“救孩子”后，就转身冲向酣睡着的孩子，她也毫不迟疑地冲向一个孩子。
接下来，她都做了什么，无人得知。
（7）地震过去之后，只有30名孩子和两名老师生还。
当救援人员在废墟中发现她时，她扑在地上，后背上压着一块垮塌的水泥板，怀里紧抱着一个小孩。
小孩生还了，她却已经没有了呼吸。
——选自《读者》2008年12期1、“爱的姿势”在文中指什么？在“爱的姿势”下产生了什么奇迹？（用原文回答）2、文章第4、5、6三段在记叙顺序上属于，作用是什么？3、“她悄声和另外几名老师说，等孩子们午睡醒来后，她要教孩子们做一个她新学的游戏，她说的时候，脸上满是明媚和喜悦。
高考作文素材：时文美文精选66篇
年轻人叫住老者，问：“老人家，您为何如此快乐?”
老人朗声回答：“天地之间，以人为尊，我是为人；星辰之中，惟日月灿烂，我能早晚相伴；百草之中，五谷最养人，我能终生享用。我为何会不快乐呢?”
其实，让青春发言，是年轻心灵审视世界、社会、人生并与之交流的方式与结果。
不要拿缄默代表思想来作你畏首畏尾拙于启齿的挡箭牌，因为缄默对应思想是在一个人拥有丰厚的阅历之后。罗丹刻刀下的思想者就是一个湮没在岁月风尘中很有些年头的男人。不要过于在意你的音质是否有启人心智的冲击力穿透力，是否有润泽庸常鄙俗之心的感召力。生活是个大讲坛，听众无处不在无时不在，相信其中不乏热心者宽容者。那么，就以每一个语音引爆一串思想火花吧！就像石头与石头的敲击终能擦出一星火花，并且点燃一片篝火那样，让你的青春亮一回，火一回。
假如生命是船。不要停泊，也不要随波逐流!我将高高地升起风帆，向着未有人到达过的海域……
五
假如生命是水。要成为一股奔腾的活水呵!哪怕是一眼清泉，哪怕是一条小溪，也要日夜不停地、顽强地流，去冲开拦路的高山，去投奔江河……
我们把人类看做自己的家庭。我们必须努力做到既仁慈而又慷慨。我们不应该只为自己而活，而应该也为别人服务，永远不忘记儿童、老人、穷人、受难者、残疾人、难民和孤独者。不应该把任何一个人作为二等公民来看待或对待，不应该以任何方式去利用任何一个人以谋私利。男人与女人之间应该有平等的伙伴关系。我们应该避免任何一种性方面的不道德行为。我们应该抛弃一切形式的控制或虐待。
我们决心致力于一种非暴力的、正义与和平的文化。我们要放弃以暴力作为解决分歧的手段，绝不压迫、伤害、折磨或杀害其他人。
我们必须努力争取一种公正的社会和经济秩序，在其中，每一个人都有同等的机会去充分实现其作为人的潜能。我们应该公平对待一切人，避免偏见与仇恨，在说话和行动中充满真诚和同情。我们不应偷窃。我们应该摆脱对权力、特权、金钱和消费的欲求之控制，去创造一个正义与和平的世界。除非个人的意识首先得到改变，否则，世界就不可能变得更好。我们发誓，要通过修炼自己的心灵或积极的思维，来增进我们的意识。如果不冒风险、不做牺牲的准备，我们就不会有根本的改变。因此，我们决心遵守这种全球伦理，致力于相互理解、委身于有益社会、追求和平、善待自然的生活方式。
时文选读4篇
Ｉｌ ＩＩ曩 中 学 语 文 ·时 文 热 词
再 萄 玲７，再 ＿ 、 再
期 待 “Ｏ０后 ”书 写 青 春 精 彩 赵 婀 娜
今 天 的 青 年 ．身 处 一 个 伟 大 的 时 代 ；而 这 样 的 时 代 ，也 给 了 青 年 更 多的 信 任 、更 大 的 舞 台 。 又 是 一 年 开 学季 。 据 报 道 ．今 年 的 大 学新 生 中有 超 过 ２／３为２０００年 后 出 生 的 “ｏ０后 ”。 跨 入 大 学 校 门 。是 人 生 的 一 个 转 折 点 ， 他 们 将 由 此 走 向 独 立 、走 向 成 熟 。迎 来 更 加 开 阔 的 人
（选 自２０１８年 ９月５ 日《宁波 日
报 》） ［解 读 ］ １．功 夫 和 功 利 “可怜 天下父 母心”，为了世俗
的功利 ，下 了多少出奇 的功夫 。孩 子的名字 确实要赋 予美好 的寓 意 。 用 以寄托 父 母 的殷殷 期 望和 美好 愿望 。然而 当名字更多地沾染了功 利 色 彩 ，于 孩 子 而 言 是 幸 运 还 是 不 幸呢？特别是孩子的名字变得 干奇 百怪 ．这种 沾染了功 利色彩 的功 夫 是 否会 使孩 子 的发 展走 向期 望 的 反面呢？孩子可能 因家长苦下功夫 的名 字而承受 不必要的重 负 ，也许 就事与愿违了吧。期望越高也许失望 越 大 。
鼻Ｉ１Ｉｌ 中学语文·时文热词
时文 选 读４篇
画 卓 立子
书 再 并 ，
如 何 看 待 “名 字 越 来 越 怪 ” 杨 朝 清
“真 的每 次 带 新 的 班 ． 总 有 几 个孩 子 的 名 字 不会 读 。 ”广 东 广 州 市越 秀 区 某 小 学 的 老 师告 诉 记 者 。 班 上 孩 子 的 名 字 会 出现 很 多 不 常 见 的 字 。三 个 土 的 “矗 ”。四 个 火 的 “鼓 ”．这 些 已经 算 简 单 了 ，还 有 不 少 孩 子 的 名 字 笔 画 很 多 ．例 如 “熳 ” “曦”“灏 ”“熙 ”“睿 ”“馨 ”等 。 （９月４ 日《钱 江 晚 报 》）
中考语文课外阅读专题专练 时文阅读【含答案】
中考语文课外阅读专题专练：最新时文阅读一、父亲挑书院殿文①重一百多斤的书压在六十多岁的父亲的肩上。
②我几次请求父亲放下担子让我挑一气，都被顶了回来。
没办法，我只得借着电筒发出的可怜的光跟在父亲修长的身子后面，背上背着个装有几件衣服的旅行包和一把红色吉它，样子潇洒得要命。
③我很清楚父亲此刻的心情。
中学时我因母亲病逝，被迫从滇东北转到滇东南就读。
6年多来，父亲都是形单影只地过着独身生活，一大把年纪了，仍起早贪黑地劳作，其苦不言而喻。
今年大学毕业，在众亲友的劝说下，我最终放弃了在昆明一报社工作的机会，回到离别多年的家乡。
这一决定出台后，最高兴的当然是父亲了。
“这回有个说知心话的地方了！”父亲逢人便说。
④一路上，父亲重复着那句重复了多年的话：“做人不做浮漂草，要做水上捕鱼人。
”碰上熟人问：“要干什么去？”他就抬高本来就很宏亮的声音：“秀才搬家——尽是书。
帮娃娃挑书到他舅舅家，请他家的客车送到城里去，明天娃娃就要到城里上班去了。
”“这回算得了！”对方回敬了一声。
“嗨！”对话在父亲的这一声里结束。
⑤农村人的“要干什么去”是路上招呼的客套话，今天做的事又是父亲盼了很多年的，于是，在回话时父亲理所当然地欣慰了一番，就好像辛苦几十年就是为了等这几句让人欣慰的话从内心里流出来，以至于每一个字都吐得相当有力，像钉子落到玻璃板上一样，发出的声音乐曲般悠扬。
尤其是那个“嗨”字。
只可惜，父亲的身子摇出来的每一个动作，都使我联想到“蹒跚”这个词，加之脚下不时地打滑，父亲几乎是踉跄而行了。
⑥我没有再要求父亲让我挑一气了。
这个时候，即使再加上100斤，只要是书——能照亮我的人生之路的赋予我智慧的书，父亲也会固执地把它挑在肩上。
我小心地跟在后面。
看着被书的重量挤压成弓形的父亲，眼里溢满了一种闪亮的东西，让我觉得满天都是星星，我也像是借着这满天的星星发出的光前行了。
⑦希望赋予人的力量是何等的巨大啊！⑧从今以后，我想我会更加珍爱这些书——即便不能为父亲做些什么。
2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读(原卷版)
2024中考英语热点时文阅读理解训练文章导读阅读理解A篇:新版ChatGPT能说会看！B篇：“小土豆”变“小金豆”：人才与科技助力湖北恩施乡村振兴.C篇：嫦娥六号：人类首次月背“挖土”有多难?D篇：参加模拟联合国，培养国际视野与多元技能。
E篇：要警惕大数据算法制造的“信息茧房”F篇：历史电影需要还原历史吗？G篇：生活中“大算法”无处不在，我们如何抵制让我们单一化的趋势。
A 阅读理解ChatGPT now has an upgrade (升级) with its new AI model, GPT-4o.But why “o”? It stands for “omni”, which means it can do “all things” in “all ways”. It is stronger than any of the GPT models that came before it.GPT-4o can understand orders through voice, text or images . It can also give answers in all these types of media, said its maker OpenAI. When chatting with you, it can respond as fast as a person can. “Talking to a computer has never felt really natural for me; now it does,” said OpenAI CEO Sam Altman in a blog post.The new model may become your “new best friend” as it can help you with many things. It can teach you new languages, summarize a meeting and translate things really fast. But most helpful of all, GPT-4o can be your personal teacher.In a video on the OpenAI website, GPT-4o helped a boy named Imran Khan with a math problem. Instead of giving him the answer, it asked, “Do you remember the formula (公式)?” This helped Khan think step by step. When Khan made mistakes, GPT-4o gave hints (提示) and let him try again, instead of just telling him the answer. These abilities are making lots of people think and talk about the power of GPT-4o. “Teachers give classes to many students at the same time. Now with AI, each person’s learning experience is tailored (定制) to their requirements. It fits what a student needs,” a viewer of the video wrote online. But others also worry it might take away some teachers’ jobs.Still, many people see hope. If used right, GPT-4o can give more support to people like the blind or those feeling lonely, Emma Darcy, who works at Denbigh High School in the UK, told Forbes.1. You can communicate with GPT-4o through_____.a. textb. voicec. imaginationd. imagese. videosA. abcB. abdC. bcdD. cde2. Sam Altman’s words showed that _____.A. GPT-4o is as smart as a humanB. talking to AI is still impossibleC. GPT-4o can replace mediaD. GPT-4o made big progress3. How does GPT-4o help Imran Khan with his math problem in the video?A. By giving him the answer directly.B. By guiding him step by step.C. By telling him the key formula.D. By pointing out his mistakes.4. What is people’s worry about GPT-4o according to the story?A. It may make some teachers lose their jobs.B. It may help students cheat in exams.C. It may totally change our education.D. It helps students learn independently.5. What good side does Emma Darcy see in GPT-4o?A. It can create more jobs for society.B. It can help blind or lonely people.C. It can upgrade our school education.D. It can make people work faster.B 阅读理解Li Jing is from Maotianping village in Cuijiaba, a town in the Enshi Tujia and Miao autonomous prefecture (自治州) of Hubei. She was one of the first in her community to go after higher education.Following the call of rural revitalization (乡村振兴), after graduation, Li decided to return to her village in 2022. The 29-year-old now serves as the director assistant to the village secretary of the Maotianping Village Committee. Her role focuses on improving the quality of life for her fellow villagers.Rural revitalization is a key part of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25), set as a national strategy to draw talent to rural areas.Enshi heavily depends on agriculture and most of its farmers grow potatoes. Li and her colleagues’ jobs include communicating with the villagers and making potatoes grow better. “We often hold meetings in the village square, where we share ideas on potato planting techniques , market trends and more,” Li said.To sell more potatoes to places outside their village, the young people there choose to do livestreaming. “Video-sharing platforms like Douyin have greatly broadened our reach, increasing the popularity and sales of our small potatoes,” Li said.Along with other methods, such as e-commerce (电商) platforms like Meituan, the money made from potato sales each year has risen from 1,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan, according to Li.Emphasis has been placed on the quality of the potatoes. Li’s team created positions like potato managers, similar to marketing and sales specialists. There’s even a role as a potato appraiser (鉴定人), picking the best-looking potatoes for sale.In the near future, Li hopes to continue helping villagers raise their potato production and increase their income. She and her team’s long-term plan is to promote urban-rural integration (城乡融合).“I think it’s now called ecological tourism , ecological culture and green industries,” she said.1. What is Li Jing's current position in her village?A. Village SecretaryB. Director of the Village CommitteeC. Director Assistant to the Village SecretaryD. Potato Appraiser2.What does the underlined word “broadened” mean?A. 减少B. 拓展C. 增强D. 加深3. How has the use of video-sharing platforms impacted potato sales in Maotianping village?A. It has led to a decrease in potato sales.B. It has increased the popularity and sales of potatoes.C. It has no significant effect on potato sales.D. It has caused a shift in the types of potatoes grown.4. What is one of the roles created by Li's team to emphasize the quality of potatoes?A. Village SecretaryB. Potato ManagerC. Director AssistantD. Potato Appraiser5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of higher education in rural areas.B. The role of technology in rural revitalization.C. The economic impact of potato farming in Enshi.D. Li Jing's journey from education to village leadership.C篇：阅读理解What is the far side of the moon like? Dark, cold and empty. But it will soon have a visitor – China’s Chang’e 6 probe (探测器).The Chang’e 6 probe will be the first in the world to take stone and soil samples from the moon’s far side. The probe was launched successfully from Hainan on May 3.Humans have done 10 missions to the moon to bring back moon samples, including China’s Chang’e 5 mission in 2020. However, all these missions so far have visited the side of the moon that faces Earth.Because the moon turns at the same speed as it circles Earth, we can never see the far side of the moon. This makes it hard to stay in contact with any spacecraft that goes there.To help the Chang’e 6 space probe “talk” to Earth, China sent a new relay satellite (中继卫星) called Queqiao 2 into space to travel around the moon, helping send messages back.The Chang’e 6 probe also has new smart tools to help it collect samples better. “Even if the probe loses contact with Earth, it can do important work by itself,” Wang Qiong, deputy chief designer of the Chang’e 6 mission.The Chang’e 6 mission to the moon will take 53 days. During this time, the probe will go into orbit (轨道) around the moon and land in a place called the South Pole-Aitken Basin. It is a huge crater (撞击坑) on the far side of the moon. There, it will collect up to 2 kilograms of stone and soil to bring back to Earth. Scientists will study these samples to learn more about the moon.1. How is Chang’e 6’s mission different from other missions before it?A. People can see where the probe works from Earth.B. The mission will start from the moon’s near side.C. The probe will bring back stone and soil samples.D. The probe will work on the far side of the moon.2. What is the role of Queqiao 2?A. Sending the Chang’e 6 probe into orbit.B. Moving between Earth and the moon.C. Acting as a bridge between Earth and Chang’e 6.D. Helping people on Earth talk on the phone better.3. Why is it challenging to communicate with a spacecraft on the far side of the moon?A. The far side is always dark and cold.B. The far side is out of sight from Earth, making communication difficult.C. The Chang’e 6 probe does not have the necessary communication tools.D. The South Pole-Aitken Basin blocks communication signals.4. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Chang’e 6 mission will last over two months.B. Astronauts will collect 2 kilograms of moon samples.C. We can never see the South Pole-Aitken Basin on Earth.D. The probe completely depends on people’s control.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The Chang’e 6 probe is designed to study the moon's orbit.B. The Chang’e 6 mission marks a significant advancement in lunar exploration.C. The Queqiao 2 satellite is essential for space communication.D. The South Pole-Aitken Basin is the only place on the moon worth exploring.D篇：阅读理解From April 20 to 21, 21st Century and Beijing Language and Culture University co-hosted the Seminar on Gen Zer’s Role in Public Diplomacy (Z世代公共外交交流会) in Beijing. Over 100 teachers and students from across China gathered to discuss how students can have better public diplomacy skills by taking part in MUN activities.Wei Huacan, a 15-year-old from Qian Xuesen Middle School in Beijing, dreams of becoming a prosecutor (检察官). Having taken part in MUN and relevant activities for many times, he finds MUN super helpful for his future dream.“MUN activities cover lots of topics, not just diplomacy but also law and more. For example, the international court (法庭) in MUN really supports my law studies goals,” said Wei.MUN doesn’t just help students get closer to their big dreams; it also helps them do better in school.Eye-opening experience“MUN activities help students think more logically and quickly, making them better at speaking and debating in public,” said Zhang Lingyun, a teacher from Soochow Foreign Language School in Jiangsu. Her school has a special MUN class for students, with an MUN club for hands-on experience.Chen Wuyue, a student at Hangzhou Foreign Languages School in Zhejiang, has been taking part in MUN since grade 7.“When I represented other countries, I stand in their shoes to think and speak. This helps me form my own ideas, instead of just learning from books,” she said. Chen feels that MUN has opened her eyes to what’s happening all over the world, helping her look further than what’s just in the textbooks.Bridging the gapAs a fantastic way for young people to learn skills, MUN is growing fast in China. Take China Daily MUN (CDMUN) as an example. It covers over 200 schools across 26 provinces, autonomous regions and special administrative regions in China, according to Hu Linhui, director of the Training Department at 21st Century.CDMUN has helped schools in the east and west across China talk and learn more from each other. “Schools in the west are now using MUN to help mix different subjects together,just like schools in the east do,” said Hu.“This program has bridged the gap between schools and promoted educational fairness among different places.”１.What was the main topic of the Seminar on Gen Zer’s Role in Public Diplomacy?A. How to improve debate skills in students.B. How to improve students’ public diplomacy skills.C. How to increase logical thinking among students.D. The history and importance of public diplomacy.２.Why does Wei Huacan find MUN activities helpful for his future dream?A. Because he enjoys traveling to different countries.B. Because MUN activities cover topics related to law.C. Because he wants to become a teacher.D. Because he likes to read international court cases.３.What does Zhang Lingyun believe MUN activities can help students with?A. Improve their logical thinking and public speaking skills.B. Learn more about international diplomacy.C. Become better at writing essays.D. Gain more knowledge about different cultures.４.What does a underlined sentence express the Chen Wuyue 's meaning?A. We should speak and think properly.B. Standing and speaking are also correct.C. We also need to speak and think from the others’ viewsD. Book knowledge is important but social practice is more important.５.What is the main idea of the passage?A. MUN is a platform for students to learn about international relations.B. CDMUN is the largest MUN program in China.C. The Seminar on Gen Zer’s Role in Public Diplomacy was a huge success.D. MUN activities are beneficial for students' personal and academic development.E篇：阅读理解Have you ever felt like you’re in your own small world, where everything you hear or see just makes you more sure of what you already think? It’s like being in an “echo chamber (信息茧房)” – a place where your own ideas keep coming back to you, and you don’t hear any different ones. This isn’t something new, but with everyone on social media, it’s happening a lot more now.Echo chambers are like invisible (看不见的) rooms on the internet where everyone agrees with you. Think about how people used to sit around a fire, telling stories that made everyone else all nod and smile. Now, we have the internet – our modern-day fire – where platforms let people from all over the world share their thoughts. Social media platforms know exactly what we like. That’s thanks to very clever algorithms (算法) - sets of rules that computers follow to figure out what you enjoy based on what you click on, like, and share online. These algorithms watch what we do on the internet to show us more information that matches our interests and even what our friends like.But, being in echo chambers can be a bit tricky (棘手的). They make us feel good because we’re surrounded by views we agree with, but they also make us see the world in a very limited way. This can make our opinions very fixed and make it hard for us to understand people who think differently. It might even make us feel more separated and worried because everyone outside our “bubble ” seems so different.Luckily, there are ways to break free from echo chambers. One big step is to challenge ourselves by looking for information from different sources . This means exploring more diverse or different things on the internet, reading different kinds of stories, and talking to people with other views. Also, ask questions about where information comes from, double-check facts and be open-minded. In this way, we can make sure we understand the wider world a lot better.1.What does the term “echo chamber” refer to?A. A physical room where people share stories.B. A place on the internet where everyone agrees with you.C. A social media platform for sharing personal ideas.D. A modern-day tool for telling stories around a fire.2.What role do algorithms play in creating echo chambers?A. They connect people with different views.B. They encourage people to share more stories.C. They promote diverse discussions on the internet.D. They limit the type of information people see.3 What might be a reason someone feels separated and worried in an echo chamber?A. They are unable to share their own stories.B. They are unable to access social media platforms.C. They don't have enough diverse information.D. They feel that everyone outside their bubble is very different.4. What can be inferred about the author's view on echo chambers?A. The author thinks echo chambers are beneficial for forming opinions.B. The author sees echo chambers as a natural part of social media.C. The author believes echo chambers can be limiting and should be avoided.D. The author thinks echo chambers are necessary for sharing personal ideas.5.What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history and development of social media platforms.B. The concept and effects of echo chambers on social media.C. The importance of algorithms in shaping our online experience.D. Strategies for promoting diverse discussions on the internet.F篇：阅读理解History is a tricky puzzle. It's dug up, written down and argued over. People always say that only the winners ever really get a say, and it's quite hard for historians to uncover the complete truth without any errors or bias.So what happens when history meets films? Can a Hollywood film get the history right and make an entertaining piece of art?Oscar winner Oppenheimer (《奥本海默》) sets a good example. In the film, the conversation between Oppenheimer and Albert Einstein by the lake is not historically accurate, but it feels natural in the whole story, and it serves as the icing on the cake (锦上添花), according to The Paper.There are many other examples like Oppenheimer. Usually, in a two-hour film, it is impossible to show the main character's entire complicated life. To make the story fun and dramatic, film makers need to take essential elements (元素) of the original history and create a new fiction. It's an inevitable and necessary choice.Meanwhile , the film Napoleon (《拿破仑》) shows that not all changes can be helpful. Many people think that the fictional parts of the film make the whole story messy since the storylines of war and love are both done poorly.There are many other examples of successful historical fiction films. It's possible that the very lack of historical precision (准确性) in these films, apart from the historical setting and character names, contributes to their greatness. They can present an attractive story set in a period that continues to be widely discussed in today's world. Whether you're into history or not, it's difficult to deny the emotional power these films bring to the screen.According to The Guardian, historical fiction becomes successful when the film provides an enjoyable experience, instead of aiming for strict historical accuracy. A historical film should be regarded as a work of historical fiction rather than a strict history lesson. Also, it seems unfair to ask that filmmakers strictly follow historians' events when historians often disagree among themselves.1.What is the main challenge historians face when uncovering history?A. The lack of physical evidence.B. The complexity of historical events.C. The bias of the winners' accounts.D. The difficulty of finding written records.2. How does the film Oppenheimer handle historical inaccuracies?A. It avoids creating fictional elements.B. It blends a non-factual conversation seamlessly.C. It focuses on the main character's entire life.D. It prioritizes historical accuracy over entertainment.3.What can be inferred about the film Napoleon?A. It is an example of a successful historical fiction film.B. It is praised for its accurate historical portrayal.C. Its fictional parts are considered to be chaotic.D. It focuses on the main character's emotional journey.4.What does The Guardian suggest about historical fiction films?A. They should always be historically accurate.B. They should be entertaining rather than strictly accurate.C. They should not be considered as works of art.D. They should only be made by professional historians.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. History is difficult to interpret accurately.B. Hollywood films cannot represent history correctly.C. Filmmakers should follow historians' accounts strictly.D. Historical fiction films should be entertaining and emotionally powerful.G篇：阅读理解Do you know that our lives are actually controlled by something called algorithms? But do we really get how they change the things we like and who we are?In a book called "Filterworld: How Algorithms Make Our Culture All the Same," a person named Kyle Chayka talks about how these smart computer rules, or algorithms, are on websites like Instagram and Spotify. They make our culture very same-y. What we like doesn't just come from us, but from these computer rules that want to keep us looking at our screens all the time. If what we like helps make us who we are, then this could be a bigger problem for how we think and feel than we think. Just mindlessly scrolling on Netflix or TikTok might not seem like a big deal, but after a while, we might forget what we really like.These taste-making computer rules are hard to escape. Chayka shows us this by talking about how they are in every part of life: like what we see on TikTok, where we eat when we use Google Maps, the music we listen to on Spotify, and even who we might want to go on a date with on Tinder. This world where computer rules make our decisions can change a lot of things about how we live and move around our towns and cities. It makes everything kind of flat and the same. No one can avoid this Filterworld completely.If you're lucky and don't have to use these computer rules for your work or school, you might be able to take a break from them sometimes. But what if your friend tells you about a movie they saw on the internet or you want to buy some shoes because everyone is wearing them after seeing them in an ad? It can feel like there's nothing you can do.But even though this Filterworld is hard to get away from, there is still hope. You can start by paying more attention to the things you choose to watch or listen to. This could mean learning more about a movie you saw or giving money to an artist you like. Even just telling a friend about a music album you think they might like is better than just mindlessly watching random stuff on TikTok. As Chayka says, to fight against these computer rules, "you have to really want to and choose to live your life in a different way."1. What does the term "algorithms" refer to in the context of the article?A. Rules that control our daily routines.B. Computer programs that decide what we see online.C. Games that we play on websites like Instagram.D. Ways to calculate our preferences in math.2. What is Kyle Chayka’s opinion on algorithms?A. They improve our tastes.B. They make our culture more alike.C. They help to identify our personality.D. They contribute to psychological problems.3. What might be a reason someone would feel helpless in the context of the article?A. They cannot understand how algorithms work.B. They are unable to stop using their favorite social media.C. They see a movie recommended by a friend on the internet.D. They want to buy shoes because of a social media advertisement.4. Which of the following is a way to resist the impact of algorithms?A. Limiting the use of social media platforms.B. Making choices based on friends’ suggestions.C. Getting more involved with the selected media.D. Disconnecting from social media advertisements.5. What is the best title for the text?A. Algorithms: Cultural TakeoverB. The Secret of AlgorithmsC. Social Media: Cultural MessengerD. The Rise of Digital Platforms— 11—。
时文阅读精选
时文阅读精选一、爱的姿势兰涛（1）救援人员发现她的时候，她已经死了，是被跨塌下来的房子压死的。
透过废墟的间隙，救援人员看到她双膝跪地，整个上身向前匍匐着，双手扶地支撑着身体，有些像古人行跪拜礼，只是身体被压得变形了，看上去有些怪异。
救援人员从废墟的空隙间伸进手去，确认她已经死亡，又冲着废墟喊了几声，用撬棍在砖头上敲了几下，她都没有任何反应，废墟里也没有任何回应。
还有太多的被困者等待救援，救援人员立刻向新的目标搜寻，当救援人员在下一处废墟前探寻是否有生还者时，救援队长隐约听到从她那里传来婴孩的啼哭声。
救援人员立刻纷纷跑回她的尸体前，救援队长再次将手伸进她的尸体底下，仔细地摸索着，摸了几下，救援队长高声喊道“”有人，有个孩子，还活着！”（2）经过一些努力，救援人员小心地清除了阻碍她的废墟。
在她的尸体下，他们发现了一个三、四个月大的婴儿，裹在一床红色和黄色花朵的小被子里。
由于有她身体的庇护，婴儿安然无恙。
（3）陪同的医生来解开被子，准备检查婴儿。
他发现被子里塞着一部手机。
医生下意识地看着手机屏幕，发现屏幕上有一条文字：“亲爱的宝贝，如果你能活着，你必须记住我爱你。
”（4）瞿万容是一位幼儿园老师。
地震发生时，她正和其他4名老师在校，照看着80多个孩子午睡。
她悄声和另外几名老师说，等孩子们午睡醒来后，她要教孩子们做一个她新学的游戏，她说的时候，脸上满是明媚和喜悦。
（5）然而，地震突然来临，想要撕毁所有的美丽。
（6）5名老师，80个孩子。
将孩子们都疏散到安全地带成了老师们不可能完成的任务。
但老师们齐声喊了一句“救孩子”后，就转身冲向酣睡着的孩子，她也毫不迟疑地冲向一个孩子。
接下来，她都做了什么，无人得知。
（7）地震后，只有30名儿童和两名教师幸存。
当救援人员在废墟中发现她时，她把自己倒在地上，背上一块倒塌的水泥板，怀里抱着一个孩子。
孩子活了下来，但她没有呼吸。
――选自《读者》2021年12期1.文中“爱的姿势”是什么意思？在“爱的姿态”下发生了什么奇迹？（答案在原文中）2、文章第4、5、6三段在记叙顺序上属于，作用是什么？3、“她悄声和另外几名老师说，等孩子们午睡醒来后，她要教孩子们做一个她新学的游戏，她说的时候，脸上满是明媚和喜悦。
时文阅读3篇
时文阅读3篇时文阅读：100节车厢！世界最长客运列车诞生据报道，瑞士雷蒂亚铁路公司近日开发出了一列由100节车厢组成、长约两千米的超长火车。
经吉尼斯世界纪录认证，这是全球最长的窄轨客运列车。
这列火车于10月29日从海拔1749米的普雷达出发，穿越瑞士境内最著名的朗德瓦萨高架桥后，一路开到贝尔金，完成了其首次的正式旅程。
长长的红色列车行驶在位于瑞士阿尔卑斯山区的雷蒂亚铁路网上，与沿途风景相得益彰，吸引了不少火车迷和观光客乘车体验。
阅读短文并回答问题High in the Swiss Alps, St Moritz made its name as a place for pushing the boundaries of winter sports. Recently, the region continued its long tradition of expanding the limits of what is possible with a world record attempt —not on snow or ice, but on rails. To mark the 175th anniversary of Switzerland’s first railway, a railway company created the world’s longest passenger train —100 cars, 2,990 tonnes and almost two kilometers long.Formed of 25 new electric trains, the record-breaking 1,906-meter train took almost an hour to cover around 25 kilometers over the impressive UNESCO World Heritage Albula Line, which is famous for its endless swooping curves and steep inclines（斜坡）. The mountain railways are regarded as great feats of engineering. The 62-kilometer line between Thusis and St Moritz, a world-renowned masterpiece of civil engineering, took just five years to build despite requiring 55 bridges and 39 tunnels.Unlike most Swiss and European railways, which use the standard gauge（标准轨距）between the rails of 1.435 meters, the rails, known as Rhaetische Bahn rails, are just one meter apart. “In order to complete the train’s journey successfully, everything has to be perfect. We need to be 100% synchronized（同步的）, every second. Everyone has to keep their speed and other systems under control at all times,”lead driver Andreas Kramer said. “We need to know the Albula Line very well, every change of gradient, and every incline.”The mountainous Swiss landscape has encouraged creative transportation solutions for generations, resulting in one of the most train-reliant nations in the world. On average, Swiss citizens travel about 2,450 kilometers by train annually —an estimated quarter of their total transportation system. In 2021, Swiss Federal Railways operated 11,260 trains carrying 880,000 passengers and 185,000 tonnes of goods per day on a 3,265 kilometer-long network with 804 stations. Therefore, the successful record attempt will be great for the local area and for the country as a whole.1. What is the world’s longest passenger train created for?A. Celebrating the 175th year of Swiss first railway.B. Satisfying people’s increasing demand for transportation.C. Encouraging people to pay attention to Swiss winter sports.D. Attracting more visitors to appreciate the beauty of St Moritz.2. What does the underlined word “feats”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Dreams.B. Burdens.C. Achievements.D. Competitions.3. What does Andreas Kramer think of the drivers’work?A. It is boring.B. It is well-paid.C. It is dangerous.D. It is demanding.4. Why does the author mention the figures in the last paragraph?A. To show the popularity of tourism among Swiss citizens.B. To prove the significance of the successful record attempt.C. To stress the difficulty of constructing the world’s longest train.D. To present the trend of developing green transportation in Switzerland.答案：ACDB生词1. gradient n. 梯度；坡度2. train-reliant adj. 依赖火车的语块1. swooping curves 俯冲曲线2. civil engineering 土木工程3. on average 通常；平均知识拓展1. Alps阿尔卑斯山脉位于欧洲中南部，覆盖了意大利北部、法国东南部、瑞士、列支敦士登、奥地利、德国南部及斯洛文尼亚。
时文阅读50篇
时文阅读50 篇Passage 1DealingWith Spam1: Confidence Game(2010.11.18 The Economist) [483 words]Bill Gates, then still Microsoft‘s boss, was nearly rightin 2004 when he predicted the end of spam in two years.Thanks to clever filters2 unsolicited3 e-mail has largelydisappeared as a daily nuisance4 for most on the internet.But spam is still a menace5: blocked at the e-mail inbox,spammers post messages as comments on websites andincreasingly on social networks like Twitter and Facebook. The criminal businesses behind spam are competitive and creative. They vault over6 technical fixes as fast as the hurdles7 are erected.The anti-spam industry has done applaudable work in saving e-mail. But it is always one step behind. In the end, the software industry‘s int erest is in making money from the problem (by selling subscriptions to regular security updates) rather than tackling it at its source.Law-enforcement agencies have had some success shutting down spam-control servers in America and the Netherlands. But as one place becomes unfriendly, spammers move somewhere else. Internet connections in poor and ill-run countries are improving faster than the authorities there can police them. That won‘t end soon. In any case, the real problem is not the message, but the link. Sometimes anunwise click leads only to a website that sells counterfeit8 pills. But it can also lead to a page that infects your computer with a virus or another piece of malicious software that then steals your passwords or uses your machine for other immoral purposes. Spam was never about e-mail; it was about convincing us to click. To the spammer, it needs to be decided whether the link is e-mailed or liked.The police are doing what they can, and software companies keep on tightening security. But spam is not just a hack9 or a crime, it is a social problem, too. If you look beyond the computers that lie between a spammer and his mark, you can see all the classic techniques of a con-man: buy this stock, before everyone else does. Buy these pills, this watch, cheaper than anyone else can. The spammer plays upon the universal human desire to believe that we are smarter than anyone gives us credit for, and that things can be had for nothing. As in other walks of life, people become wiser and take preca utions only when they have learned what happens when they don‘t.That is why the spammers‘new arena10— social networks— is so effective. A few fiddles might help, such as tougher default privacy settings on social networks. But the real problem is man, not the machine. Public behaviour still treats the internet like a village, in which new faces are welcome and anti-social behaviour a rarity. A better analogy would be a railway station in a big city, where hustlers11 gather to prey on the credulity12 of new arrivals. Wise behaviour in such places is to walk fast, avoid eye contact and be cautious with strangers. Try that online.1.spam /spæm/ n. 垃圾邮件2.filter /ˈfɪltə/ n. 过滤器；滤光器；筛选过滤程序3.unsolicited /ˌʌnsəˈlɪsɪtɪd/ adj. 未经请求的，自发的考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇4.nuisance /ˈnjuːsəns/ n. 麻烦事，讨厌的人或东西5.menace /ˈmenəs/ n. 威胁，恐吓；危险气氛；烦人的人或事物6.vault over 越过7.hurdle /ˈhɜːdl/ n. 障碍；跨栏，栏8.counterfeit /ˈkaʊntəfɪt/ n. 伪造，仿造，制假9. hack /hæk/ n. 砍, 劈；供出租的马；出租车司机；非法侵入（他人计算机系统）10.arena /əˈriːnə/ n. 圆形运动场，圆形剧场；竞技舞台，活动场所11.hustler /ˈhʌslə/ n. 耍诡计骗钱的人12.credulity /krɪˈduːlɪtɪ/ n. 轻信Passage 2AGene to Explain Depression（2011.1.3 Time）[459 words]As powerful as genes are in exposing clues to diseases,not even the most passionate geneticist1 believes thatcomplex conditions such as depression can be reduced to atell-tale2 string of DNA.But a new study confirms earlier evidence that aparticular gene, involved in ferrying3 a brain chemicalcritical to mood known as serotonin4, may play a role in triggering5 the mental disorder in some people.Researchers led by Dr. Srijan Sen, a professor of psychiatry at University of Michigan, report in the Archives6 of General Psychiatry that individuals with a particular form of the serotonin transporter gene were more vulnerable to developing depression when faced with stressful life events such as having a serious medical illness or being a victim of childhood abuse. The form of the gene that these individuals inherit prevents the mood-regulating serotonin from being re-absorbed by nerve cells in the brain. Having such a low-functioning version of the transporter starting early in life appears to set these individuals up for developing depression later on, although the exact relationship between this gene, stress, and depression isn‘tclear yet.Sen‘s results confirm those of a ground-breaking7 study in 2003, in whichscientists for the first time confirmed the link between genes and environment in depression. In that study, which involved more than 800 subjects, individuals with the gene coding for the less functional serotonin transporter were more likely to develop depression following a stressful life event than those with the more functional form of the gene. But these findings were questioned by a 2009 analysis in which scientists pooled8 14 studies investigating the relationship between the serotonin transporter gene, depression and stress, and found no heightened risk of depression among those with different versions of the gene.―One of the hopes I have is that we can settle this story, and mo ve on to lookingmore broadly across the genome9 for more factors related to depression,‖he says.―Ideally we would like to find a panel of different genetic variations that go togetherto help us predict who is going to respond poorly to stress, and who might respondwell to specific types of treatment as opposed to others.‖He believes that the 2009 findings do not contradict those from 2003, or the latest results, but rather reflect aSen stresses, however, that this gene is only one player in the cast of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to depression. ―All things considered, this geneis a relatively small factor, and for this finding to be clinically10 useful, we really needto find many, many more factors. Ultimately we may identify new pathways that are involved in depression to come up with new and better treatments.‖1. geneticist /dʒɪˈnetɪsɪst/ n. 遗传学家2.tell-tale /ˈtelˈteɪl/ adj. 暴露实情的，能说明问题的3.ferry /ˈferɪ/ vt. 渡运，摆渡4.serotonin /ˌsɪərəʊˈtəʊnɪn/ n. [生化] 血清素，5-羟色胺（神经递质，易影响情绪等）5. trigger /ˈtrɪɡə/ vt. 触发，引发；开动，启动6.archive /ˈɑːkaɪv/ n. 档案馆；档案文件7.ground-breaking /ˈgraʊndˌbreɪkɪŋ/ adj. 开创性的；创新的8.pool /puːl/ vt.合伙经营；集中（智慧等）；共享，分享9.genome /ˈʤiːnəʊm/ n. [生]基因组；[生]染色体组10.clinically /ˈklɪnɪklɪ/ adv. 临床地；冷淡地；通过临床诊断Passage 3Second Thoughts on Online Education(2010.9 New York Times) [415 words]Let the computer do the teaching. Some studies, expertopinion and cost pressures all point toward a continuing shiftof education online.A major study last year, funded by the EducationDepartment, which covered comparative research over 12years, concluded that online learning on average beatface-to-face teaching by a modest1 but statistically meaningful margin2.Bill Gates, whose foundation funds a lot of education programs, predicted lastmonth that in five years much of college education will have gone online. ―Theself-motivated learner will be on the Web,‖ Mr. Gates said, speaking at theTechonomy conference in Lake Tahoe. ―College needs to be less place-based.‖But recent research, published as a National Bureau of Economic Researchworking paper, comes to a different conclusion. ―A rush to online education maycome at more of a cost than educators may suspect,‖the authors write.The research was a head-to-head experiment, comparing the grades achieved inthe same introductory economics class by students— one group online, and one in classroom lectures.Certain groups did notably worse online. Hispanic3 students online fell nearly afull grade lower than Hispanic students that took the course in class. Male studentsdid about a half-grade worse online, as did low-achievers, which had collegegrade-point averages below the mean for the university.The difference certainly was not attributable4 to machines replacing atutorial-style human teaching environment. Instead, the classroom was a large lecturehall seating hundreds of students.Initially, David Figlio, an economist at Northwestern University and co-author ofthe paper, said he had thought that the flexibility5 of the Internet—the ability to ―gotraditional ―chalk and talk teaching.‖The online lectures were well done, using a professional producer andcameraman7. ―It had very much the feel of being in the room,‖Mr. Figlio said.So what accounts for the difference in outcomes8? Mr. Figlio has a few theories.For the poorer performance of males and lower-achievers, he says the time-shifting convenience of the Web made it easier for students to put off viewing the lectures and cram9 just before the test, a tactic10 unlikely to produce the best possible results.It‘s partly a stereotype11 but also partly true, Mr. Figlio says, that female students tend to be better at time management, spreading their study time over a semester, than males. ―And the Internet makes it easier to put off12 the unpleasant thing, attending the lecture,‖he said.1. modest /ˈmɔdɪst/ adj. 谦虚的, 谦恭的；适中的, 适度的；些许的2. margin /ˈmɑ:dʒɪn/ n. 页边空白；边, 边缘；差数, 差额3. Hispanic /hɪsˈpænɪk/ adj. 西班牙和葡萄牙的4. attributable /əˈtrɪbjətəbl/ adj. 可归因于，可能由于5.flexibility /ˌfleksɪˈbɪlɪtɪ/ n. 灵活性；柔韧性6.coursework /ˈkɔ:swɜ:k/ n. 课程作业7.cameraman /ˈkæmərəmæn/ n. 摄影师8.outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n. 结果9.cram /kræm/ v. 挤满，塞满；临时死记硬背10. tactic /ˈtæktɪk/ n. 兵法；方法, 策略；手段；招数11.stereotype /ˈsterɪətaɪp/ n. 模式化观念，老一套，刻板形象12.put off 撤销，取消Passage 4The Kids Can’t Help It（2010.12.16 Newsweek）[372 words]What new research reveals about the adolescentbrain— from why kids bully1 to how the teen yearsshape the rest of your life.They say you never escape high school. And forbetter or worse, science is lending some credibility tothat old saw. Thanks to sophisticated imagingtechnology and a raft2 of longitudinal3 studies, we‘re learning that the teen years are a period of crucial brain development subject to a host of environmental and genetic factors. This emerging research sheds4 light not only on why teenagers act they way they do, but how the experiences of adolescence— from rejection to binge5 drinking— can affect who we become as adults, how we handle stress, and the way we bond with others.One of the most important discoveries in this area of study, says Dr. Frances Jensen, a neuroscientist at Harvard, is that our brains are not finished maturing by adolescence, as was previously thought. Adolescent brains ―are only about 80 percent 考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇5of the way to maturity,‖ she said at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience in November. It takes until the mid-20s, and possibly later, for a brain to become fully developed.An excess of gray matter6 (the stuff that does the processing) at the beginning ofpicking up new languages starting in early childhood— but also particularly sensitive to the influences of our environment, both emotional and physical. Our brains‘processing centers haven‘t been fully linked yet, particularly the parts responsible for helping to check7 our impulses8 and considering the long-term repercussions9 of our actions. ―It‘s like a brain that‘s all revved10 up not k nowing where it needs to go,‖says Jensen.It‘s partially because of this developmental timeline that a teen can be so quick to conjure11 a stinging remark, or a biting insult, and so uninhibited12 in firing it off atthe nearest unfortunate target— a former friend, perhaps, or a bewildered parent. The impulse to hurl13 an insult14 is there, just as it may be for an adult in a stressful situation, but the brain regions that an adult might rely on to stop himself from saying something cruel just haven‘t caugh t up.1. bully /ˈbʊlɪ/ v. 恐吓；充当恶霸，恃强凌弱2.raft /rɑːft/ n. 筏；橡皮艇，充气船；大量3.longitudinal /ˌlɒnʤɪˈtjuːdɪnl/ adj. 纵向的；纵观的；经度的4.shed /ʃed/ vt. 散发出光；去除，摆脱；蜕，落5.binge /bɪndʒ/ n. 饮酒作乐；狂饮；狂闹6.gray matter 灰质（脑、脊髓内神经元集中的地方）7.check /tʃek/ v. 检查，核验，核对；制止，控制8.impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/ n. 冲动；脉冲；刺激，推动力9.repercussion /ˌriːpəˈkʌʃən/ n.（间接的）反响，影响，恶果10.rev /rev/ v.（发动机等）加快转速11.conjure /ˈkʌnʤə/ v. 变魔术；使变戏法般地出现（或消失）12. uninhibited /ˌʌnɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/ adj. 无限制的; 无拘束的, 放任的13.hurl /hɜːl/ vt. 猛掷，猛扔；大声说出14.insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ n. 侮辱；凌辱；无礼Passage 5The Power of Posture(2011.1.13 The Economist) [486 words]―Stand up straight!‖―Chest out!‖―Shoulders back!‖Theseare the perennial1 cries of sergeant2 majors and fussy3 parentsthroughout the ages. Posture certainly matters. Big is dominantand in species after species, humans included, postures thatenhance the posturer‘s apparent size cause others to treat him asif he were more powerful.The stand-up-straight brigade4, however, often make afurther claim: that posture affects the way the posturer treatshimself, as well as how others treat him. To test the truth of this, Li Huang and Adam Galinsky, at Northwestern University in Illinois, have compared posture‘s effects on考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇6self-esteem with those of a more conventional ego-booster, management responsibility. In a paper just published in Psychological Science they conclude, surprisingly, that posture may matter more.filled out questionnaires5, ostensibly6 to assess their leadership capacity. Half werethen given feedback forms which indicated that, on the basis of the questionnaires,they were to be assigned to be managers in a forthcoming7 experiment. The other half were told they would be subordinates8. While the participants waited for this feedback, they were asked to help with a marketing test on ergonomic9 chairs.In fact, neither of these tests was what it seemed. The questionnaires wereirrelevant. Volunteers were assigned to be managers or subordinates at random. Thetest of posture had nothing to do with ergonomics. And, crucially, each version of the posture test included equal numbers of those who would become ―managers‖and―subordinates‖.Once the posture test was over the participants received their new statuses andthe researchers measured their implicit10 sense of power by asking them to engage in a word-completion task. Participants were instructed to complete a number offragments11 with the first word that came to mind. Seven of the fragments could be interpreted as words related to power (―power‖, ―direct‖, ―lead‖, ―authority‖,―control‖, ―command‖and ―rich‖). Although previous studies suggested a mere title is enough to produce a detectable increase in an individual‘s sense of power, Dr Hu angand Dr Galinsky found no difference in the word-completion scores of those told they would be managers and those told they would be subordinates.Having established the principle, Dr Huang and Dr Galinsky went on to test theeffect of posture on other power-related decisions: whether to speak first in a debate, whether to leave the site of a plane crash to find help and whether to join a movementto free a prisoner who was wrongfully locked up. In all three cases those who had satin expansive12 postures chose the active option (to speak first, to search for help, tofight for justice) more often than those who had sat crouched13.The upshot14, then, is that father (or the sergeant major) was right. Those whowalk around with their heads held high not only get the respect of others, they seemalso to respect themselves.1.perennial /pəˈrenɪəl/ adj. [植]多年生的；长久的，持续的2.sergeant /ˈsɑːʤənt/ n. [军]（英）陆军、空军、海军陆战队中士；（美）陆军或空军中士3.fussy /ˈfʌsɪ/ adj. 挑剔的，大惊小怪的；紧张不安的4.brigade /ˈbrɪɡeɪd/ n. 旅；伙，帮，派5.questionnaire /ˌkwestʃəˈn eə/ n. 问卷；调查表6. ostensibly /ɔsˈtensəblɪ/ adv. 表面上；明显地7.forthcoming /ˌfɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ/ adj. 即将发生的；现成的；乐于提供信息的8.subordinate /səˈbɔːdɪnət/ n. 下级，部属9.ergonomic /ˌɜːɡəʊˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 人类工程学的10. implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ adj. 不言明的，含蓄的11.fragment /ˈfræɡmənt/ n. 碎片，片段考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇712.expansive /ɪksˈpænsɪv/ adj. 广阔的，辽阔的；广泛的，全面的；友善健谈的，13. crouch /krautʃ/ vt. 屈膝, 蹲伏, 蹲, 蹲下14.upshot /ˈʌpʃɔt/ n. 最后结果，结局Passage 6How Rest Helps Memory: Sleepy Heads(2010.2.25 The Economist) [402words]Mad dogs and Englishmen, so the song has it, go out in themidday sun. And the business practices of E ngland‘s linealdescendant1, America, will have you in the office from nine in themorning to five in the evening, if not longer. Much of the world,though, prefers to take a siesta2. And research presented to theAAAS meeting in San Diego suggests it may be right to do so. Ithas already been established that those who siesta are less likely todie of heart disease. Now, Matthew Walker and his colleagues at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, have found that they probably have better memory, too. A post-prandial3 snooze4, Dr Walker has discovered, sets the brain up for learning.The role of sleep in consolidating5 memories that have already been created hasbeen understood for some time. Dr Walker has been trying to extend this understanding by looking at sleep‘s role in preparing the brain for the formation of memories in the first place. He was particularly interested in a type of memory called episodic6 memory, which relates to specific events, places and times. This contrasts with procedural memory, of the skills required to perform some sort of mechanical task, such as driving. The theory he and his team wanted to test was that the ability to form new episodic memories deteriorates7 with increased wakefulness, and that sleep thus restores the brain‘s capacity for efficient learning.They asked a group of 39 people to take part in two learning sessions, one atnoon and one at 6pm. On each occasion the participants tried to memorise and recall 100 combinations of pictures and names. After the first session they were assigned randomly to either a control group, which remained awake, or a nap group, which had 100 minutes of monitored sleep.Those who remained awake throughout the day became worse at learning. Thosewho napped8, by contrast, actually improved their capacity to learn, doing better in the evening than they had at noon. These findings suggest that sleep is clearing the brain‘s short-term memory and making way for new information.The benefits to memory of a nap, says Dr Walker, are so great that they can equalan entire night‘s sleep. He warns, however, that napping must not be done too late in the day or it will interfere with night-time sleep. Moreover, not everyone awakens refreshed from a siesta.1. lineal descendant 直系后裔2.siesta /sɪˈestə/ n. 午睡，午休3.prandial /ˈprændɪəl/ adj. 膳食的，正餐的4. snooze /snu:z/ n. 小睡考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇85.consolidate /kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt/ vt. 使巩固，使加强；合并6.episodic /ˌepɪˈsɒdɪk/ adj. 偶尔发生的，不定期的；有许多片段的7. deteriorate /dɪˈtɪərɪəreɪt/ vi. 恶化,退化；变坏8.nap /næp/ vi. 小睡Learning Gap Between Rich and Poor Starts Early（2011.2 Newsweek）[354 words]It‘s generally accepted that there is a correlationbetween a child‘s educational attainment1 and a family‘spoverty level, but new research shows that the problemmay take root2 earlier than previously thought.A new study in Psychological Science found that at10 months old, children from poor families performedjust as well as children from wealthier families, but by the time they turned 2, children from wealthier families were scoring consistently higher than those from poorer ones. ―Poor kids aren‘t even doing as well in terms of school readiness, sounding out letters and doing other things that you would expect to be relevant to early learning,‖Elliot M. Tucker-Drob of the University of Texas at Austin, lead author of the study, said in a press release.To conduct the study, researchers assessed the mental abilities of about 750 pairsof fraternal3 and identical4 twins from all over the U.S. The participants‘socioeconomic status w as determined based on parents‘educational attainment, occupations and family income.Each child was asked to perform tasks that included pulling a string to ring a bell, placing three cubes in a cup, matching pictures and sorting pegs by color first at 10 months and again when they were 2 years old. At this time, researchers discovered that during the 14-month window between the aptitude5 tests, gaps in cognitive6 development had started to occur. Children from wealthier families had started to consistently outperform those from poorer ones.Researchers attempted to disprove7 a genetic explanation by comparing theaptitude tests of each set of twins. Among the 2-year-olds from wealthier families, identical twins had much more similar test scores than fraternal twins, who share only half of their genes.However, among 2-year-olds from poorer families, identical twins scored nomore similar to one another than did fraternal twins.The implication is that children‘s genetic potential is subdued8 by poverty,though the study stopped short of drawing a scientific conclusion as to what specifically was causing the achievement gaps. Researchers did postulate9 that, generally speaking, poorer parents may not have the time or resources to spend playing with their children in stimulating ways.1. attainment /əˈteɪnmənt/ n. 达到；成就，造诣2. take root 生根；开始；建立3. fraternal /frəˈtɜːnl/ adj. 兄弟般的，亲如手足的4. identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj. 同一的，完全相同的考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇95. aptitude /ˈæptɪtjuːd/ n. 天资，天赋6. cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ adj. 认知的，认识的7. disprove /dɪsˈpruːv/ vt.证明……是错的9. postulate /ˈpɒstjʊleɪt/ v. 假定，假设Passage 8More Than Meets the Mirror：Illusion1 Test Links Difficulty Sensing Internal Cues2 with Distorted3 Body-Image(2011.1.4 Scientific America) [457 words]With all of the New Year‘s diet ads claiming you canlose dozens of pounds in seemingly as many days, youprobably are not alone if you looked in the mirror thismorning and saw a less than ideal body. Or maybe you justpicked up a new magazine in which already thin modelshave their remaining flesh scavenged4 by Photoshop tomake them appear even slimmer. With all of these unrealistic promises and images, it can be hard to gain an accurate sense of one‘s own body. But the disjunction5 for some people might go deeper than manipulated5 photos.A new study shows that the way people perceive their external7 appearance islikely linked to how they experience their bodies internally. Researchers found that people who had greater difficulties sensing their own internal bodily states were also more likely to be fooled into believing a rubber hand was part of their own bodies. These results, published online in the issue of Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, may one day help scientists understand how body image can become so distorted in disorders like body dysmorphia8 and anorexia nervosa9, says lead author Manos Tsakiris of Royal Holloway, University of London.―The sense of self is built up from a representation of internal states,‖says Hugo Critchley, a professor of psychiatry at the University of Sussex in England who was not involved with the study. ―This paper is showing that sensitivity of individuals to their internal state predicts the strength of their self-representation.‖Most of the time, the image someone has of their body is pretty close to itsexternal appearance. You may see your thighs10 as slightly bigger than they actually are, or your arm muscles as slightly smaller, but the discrepancy11 is usually minimal12. In some mental disorders, however, body image can become dramatically distorted. Those who suffer from body dysmorphic disorder think that parts of their bodies are malformed13 or grotesque14, even when these supposed flaws are not noticeable to others. In eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa patients continue to think they need to lose weight even as their bodies waste away.Crucial to the formation of body image— pathological15 and otherwise— is the integration of external and internal cues. What we see in the mirror and what we feel against our skin melds with16 our own internal awareness of our bodies to create an overarching17 body image. Scientists have historically focused on how external factors like magazines and fashion models affect the creation of an accurate body image. Tsakiris and his colleagues, however, hypothesized that a person‘s internal考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇10awareness of his or her body, known as interoceptive18 awareness, was also related to the creation of an accurate body image.1. illusion /ɪˈljuːʒən/ n. 错觉，幻觉；假象2. cue /kjuː/ n. 提示；暗示, 暗号4.scavenge /ˈskævɪnʤ/ v.（从废弃物中）觅食，捡破烂；吃（动物尸体）5.disjunction /dɪsˈʤʌŋkʃən/ n. 分离，分裂6.manipulate /məˈnɪpjʊleɪt/ vt. 控制，操纵；操作，使用；正骨7.external /ɪkˈstɜːnl/ adj. 外部的，外面的；外界的，外来的；对外的8.dysmorphia /dɪsˈmɔːfɪə/ n.[医]畸形, 变形9.anorexia nervosa 神经性厌食症10. thigh /θaɪ/ n. 股，大腿11.discrepancy /dɪsˈkrepənsɪ/ n. 差异，不符合，不一致12.minimal /ˈmɪnɪməl/ adj. 极小的，极少的，最小的13.malformed /ˌmælˈfɔːmd/ adj. 畸形的14.grotesque /ɡrəʊˈtesk/ adj. 怪诞的，荒唐的；奇形怪状的15.pathological /ˌpæθəˈlɒʤɪkl/ adj. 不理智的，无道理的；病态的；病理学的16. meld with 与……融合；与……合并17.overarching /ˌəʊvərˈɑːtʃɪŋ/ adj. 非常重要的，首要的18. interoceptive /ˌɪntərəuˈseptɪv/ adj. 内感受(器)的Passage 9The Tussle1 for Talent（2011.1.6 The Economist）[432 words]Plato believed that men are divided into three classes:gold, silver and bronze. Vilfredo Pareto, an Italianeconomist, argued that ―the vital2 few‖account for mostprogress. Such sentiments are taboo today in public life.Politicians talk of a ―leadership class‖or ―the vital few‖attheir peril3. Schools abhor4 picking winners. Universitieswelcome the masses: more people now teach at British ones than attended them in the 1950s.In the private sector5 things could hardly be more different. The wo rld‘s best companies struggle relentlessly6 to find and keep the vital few. They offer them fat pay packets, extra training, powerful mentors7 and more challenging assignments. If anything, businesses are becoming more obsessed with ability.This is partly cyclical8. Deloitte and other consultancies have noticed that as the economy begins to recover, companies are trying harder to nurture raw talent, or to poach9 it from their rivals. When new opportunities arise, they hope to have the brainpower to seize them. The acceleration of the tussle for talent is also structural, however. Private-equity firms rely heavily on a few stars. High-tech firms, for all their sartorial10 egalitarianism11, are ruthless12 about recruiting the brightest. Firms in emerging markets are desperate to find high-flyer13s— the younger the better— who can cope with rapid growth and fast-changing environments.Successful companies make sure that senior managers are involved with ―talent考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇11that they spent 40% of their time on personnel. Andy Grove, who ran Intel, a chipmaker14, obliged all the senior people, including himself, to spend at least a week a year teaching high-flyers. Nitin Paranjpe, the boss of Hindustan Unilever, recruits people from campuses and regularly visits high-flyers in their offices. Involving the company‘s top brass15 in the process prevents lower-level managers from monopolising16 high-flyers (and taking credit for their triumphs). It also creates a dialogue between established and future leaders.Successful companies also integrate talent development with their broader strategy. This ensures that companies are more than the sum of their parts. Adrian Dillon, a former chief financial officer of Agilent, a firm that makes high-tech measuring devices, says he would rather build a ―repertory17 company‖ than a―collection of world experts‖. P&G likes its managers to be both inn ovative and worldly: they cannot rise to the top without running operations in a country and managing a product globally. Agilent and Novartis like to turn specialists into general managers. Goodyear replaced 23 of its 24 senior managers in two years as it shifted from selling tyres to carmakers to selling them to motorists.1.tussle /tʌsl/ n.扭打；争论；争斗；奋斗2.vita l /ˈvaɪtl/ adj.生命的；充满活力的；生死攸关的；极其重要的3.peril /ˈperəl/ n. 严重危险；祸害，险情4.abhor /əbˈhɔː/ vt. 痛恨，憎恶5.sector /ˈsektə/ n.[数]扇形；两脚规；部分；部门6.relentlessly /rɪˈlentləslɪ/ adv. 残酷地，无情地；不停地，不减弱地7.mentor /ˌmenˌtɔː/ n.私人教师，辅导教师；良师益友8.cyclical /ˈsaɪklɪkl/ adj. 周期的，循环的9.poach /pəʊtʃ/ vt. 水煮；偷猎；盗用，挖走（人员）10.sartorial /sɑːˌtɔːrɪəl/ adj. 服装的，男装的，衣着的11.egalitarianism /ɪˌɡælɪˈteərɪənɪzəm/ n. 平等主义，平均主义12. ruthless /ˌruːθlɪs/ adj. 无情的，冷酷的; 残忍的13.high-flyer /ˈhaɪflaɪə/n.抱负极高的人；有野心的人14.chipmaker /ˈtʃɪpˌmeɪkə/ n. 集成块制造者；半导体(元件)制造商15.top brass 要员16.monopolise /məˈnɒpəlaɪz/ vt. 垄断，独占；占去（大部分时间、精力），霸占17.repertory /ˈrepətrɪ/ n. 保留剧目轮演Passage 10What Is a Medically Induced Coma1 and Why Is It Used?（2011.1.10 Scientific America）[497 words]Basically what happens with a medically inducedcoma is that you take a drug and administer it until yousee a certain pattern in the monitor2 that follows thepatient‘s brain waves, the E EG（electroencephalogram3）.Patients with brain injuries who are in a coma have asimilar pattern. If that pattern is there, then you feelcomfortable that the patient is in a drug-induced coma. You are doing it so that you考拉进阶英语—时文阅读50 篇。
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时文阅读精选一、爱的姿势澜涛（1）救援人员发现她的时候，她已经死了，是被跨塌下来的房子压死的。
透过废墟的间隙，救援人员看到她双膝跪地，整个上身向前匍匐着，双手扶地支撑着身体，有些像古人行跪拜礼，只是身体被压得变形了，看上去有些怪异。
救援人员从废墟的空隙间伸进手去，确认她已经死亡，又冲着废墟喊了几声，用撬棍在砖头上敲了几下，她都没有任何反应，废墟里也没有任何回应。
还有太多的被困者等待救援，救援人员立刻向新的目标搜寻，当救援人员在下一处废墟前探寻是否有生还者时，救援队长隐约听到从她那里传来婴孩的啼哭声。
救援人员立刻纷纷跑回她的尸体前，救援队长再次将手伸进她的尸体底下，仔细地摸索着，摸了几下，救援队长高声喊道“”有人，有个孩子，还活着！”（2）经过一番努力，救援人员小心地把挡着她的废墟清理开，在她的尸体下发现了一个包裹在红色带黄花的小被子里的、三四个月大的婴儿。
因为有她身体的庇护，婴儿毫发未伤。
（3）随行的医生过来解开被子准备给婴儿做些检查，发现有一部手机塞在被子里。
医生下意识地看了一下手机屏幕，发现屏幕上是一条已经写好的短信：“亲爱的宝贝，如果你能活着，一定要记住我爱你。
”（4）瞿万容是一位幼儿园老师。
地震发生时，她正和其他4名老师在校，照看着80多个孩子午睡。
她悄声和另外几名老师说，等孩子们午睡醒来后，她要教孩子们做一个她新学的游戏，她说的时候，脸上满是明媚和喜悦。
（5）然而，地震突然而至，欲将所有的美丽撕碎。
（6）5名老师，80个孩子。
将孩子们都疏散到安全地带成了老师们不可能完成的任务。
但老师们齐声喊了一句“救孩子”后，就转身冲向酣睡着的孩子，她也毫不迟疑地冲向一个孩子。
接下来，她都做了什么，无人得知。
（7）地震过去之后，只有30名孩子和两名老师生还。
当救援人员在废墟中发现她时，她扑在地上，后背上压着一块垮塌的水泥板，怀里紧抱着一个小孩。
小孩生还了，她却已经没有了呼吸。
——选自《读者》2008年12期1、“爱的姿势”在文中指什么？在“爱的姿势”下产生了什么奇迹？（用原文回答）2、文章第4、5、6三段在记叙顺序上属于，作用是什么？3、“她悄声和另外几名老师说，等孩子们午睡醒来后，她要教孩子们做一个她新学的游戏，她说的时候，脸上满是明媚和喜悦。
”一句中，请你发挥想象，揣测瞿万容老师“脸上满是明媚和喜悦”时的心理活动。
4联系语境，体会加点词的表达作用。
经过一番努力．．．把挡着她的废墟清理开．．，救援人员小心地5、请你为瞿万荣老师写一段墓志铭。
二、不要欺负那个爱你的人夏爱华我一向都看不起母亲，因为母亲不识字。
不识字，素质就低。
我烦母亲高喉咙大嗓门地说话，仿佛在与人吵架。
我讨厌母亲生吃黄瓜的样子，把黄瓜只在衣摆上擦擦就吃，还说：“不干不净，吃了没病。
”我嫌弃母亲经常把我的剩饭都端起来吃，一边吃一边说：“浪费了可惜。
”我最厌恶母亲爱吃大蒜，常常生吃，满嘴大蒜味儿，让我闻到了就想吐。
为此我常买口香糖给母亲，可是她总是忘了吃，每次吃完大蒜，都是嘴一抹就出去串门儿了。
正是因为看不起母亲，所以我从来不跟母亲一起出门逛街，我怕她影响我白领丽人的形象。
在单位，我从来不提起母亲，我不想让人知道我的母亲不识字、没文化。
结婚后，我不常去母亲家。
就是去了，把东西往地上一放，就想转身离去。
母亲总说：“陪我说说话嘛！”我说：“说什么？一股大蒜味儿，难闻死了。
“说完便逃跑似的离去，脚步如飞，一秒钟也不想停留。
我的那种居高临下的神情与不可侵犯的气势终于激怒了母亲，由于自尊心受损，有一天，她对我说：“以后你就不要来看我了，看见你的眼神，我就气饱了。
”我说：“这是你说的，你别后悔。
”一跺脚，我转身就走。
出门时，我回头看了一眼母亲，她的脸上写着落寞，眼角有泪花闪烁。
此情此景，只不过是让我离去的脚步放缓了一些。
从此以后，我就再也没有去看望过母亲。
倒是母亲常常托人给我送来她亲手做的食品，韭菜合子、红烧肉、卤鸡、卤牛肉什么的。
我咬牙切齿地不想吃，可又抵不住食品的诱惑，只好一边吃一边骂自己没骨气。
母亲知道了，笑着说：“我的女儿，吃惯了我做的饭，我知道的。
”于是我托人转告母亲，不要再送东西给我，送了我也不吃。
后来，熟人告诉我，我的话让母亲伤心了许久，哭了许久，眼睛都哭肿了。
我得了重感冒，昏睡在床上，迷迷糊糊的，只想喝一碗小米粥。
睁开眼睛，就见母亲坐在床边，手里端着一碗热气腾腾的小米粥。
“听说你病了，我急得不行，就熬了一锅小米粥送过来，路滑，还摔了一跤。
还好，我抱在怀里的粥碗没摔掉，还热着呢，快喝吧！”母亲小声说，眼神四下游移，不敢看我的眼睛。
那神情，仿佛一个做错了事的孩子。
我的眼睛一瞬间湿了，心中那坚硬的部分像冰雪一般，遇到融融春日，融化成了温情的溪水。
这就是我的母亲，此时，她还在怕我训斥她，怕我赶她出去，只是因为她爱我。
无论我们怎样对待母亲，而母亲对我们永远只有一种姿态，那就是爱。
无论我们做错了什么事，母亲都会敞开怀抱，拥抱我们。
喝下那碗浸透着母爱的香喷喷的小米粥，我也读懂了母亲的心。
这以后，我常常与母亲一起出门逛街。
出门之前，我会仔细地帮母亲系好鞋带。
过马路时，我挽着母亲的手小心地走过去。
阳光下，母亲的一头银发闪闪发光，她慈祥的笑容显得格外温暖。
我不再计较母亲不识字、没文化，也不再理会她爱吃大蒜的嗜好，它的高喉咙大嗓门我已经习惯了。
而这份包容的心境，都源于深刻的感悟——不要欺负这世上最爱你的那个人。
善待母亲，我们的心才不会疼。
迁就母亲所有的缺点，也只是因为她是我的母亲，是这世上最爱我的人。
——选自《读者》2008.1 1、围绕“我”对母亲的感情变化，请你理出文章的感情线索。
看不起母亲、、、、爱母亲。
2、题目是“不要欺负那个爱你的人”，文中写“欺负”体现在哪些方面？3、本文结构紧凑，浑然一体。
请你找出与文章第一段内容相照应的句子。
4、你怎样理解文中划线的句子？5、文章第五段中说：“出门时，我回头看了一眼母亲，她的脸上写着落寞，眼角．．．．．．．．．．．有泪花闪烁。
”．．．．．．．请你揣测母亲此时的心理活动，写在下面。
6、平时，你是怎样对待你的母亲的？读了本文，你想对自己的母亲说些什么？三、为爱举手刘继荣星期一的早晨，我紧张而又兴奋，因为教学竞赛就要开始了。
这是一次级别很高的竞赛，有各学校的领导做评委，还有许多教育界的专家到场。
我拿着书正准备去教室，美术老师却气呼呼地闯进办公室，他告诉我，市里举行儿童绘画大赛，主题是“我最爱的人”，孩子们都很认真，可绘画天分颇高的安瑞却故意捣乱，把自己的妈妈画成了老巫婆，刚才去找他，他竟然拒绝修改。
看到安瑞的画，我也很吃惊：画上的妈妈真的没有任何美感可言，那一双眼睛尤其古怪，一只画成了一团浑浊的雾，另一只眼角有泪滴下来，妈妈的双手则用了怪诞的紫黑色。
这时，惊慌的班长跑来告诉我，安瑞与同桌打架了，打得很凶。
我们上的是一节口语交际课，题目是《我爱四季》。
面对众多陌生的老师，孩子们紧张得成了小木头，课堂里的气氛像被冰镇过，我微笑着启发他们……只需要一个简单的小结，这节课就可以漂亮地结束了，而我也似乎能感受到那只奖杯的厚重。
忽然，一直沉默的安瑞举手了，他的声音很小，却很清晰：“老师，我不爱秋天和冬天，可以吗？”几乎所有的人都转过头，看着这个奇怪的孩子。
这时，他的同桌气呼呼地站起来：“他是个怪人，他不爱秋天，不爱冬天，他连自己的妈妈都不爱。
”“我爱我妈妈！”安瑞大声反驳。
这时，下课铃声刺耳地响起来，我没有打断安瑞。
教研组长无奈地摇摇头，我似乎听到他懊恼的叹息声。
“我妈妈是清洁工，到了秋天，落叶扫也扫不尽，要是被人踩碎，被车轧碎，那就更难扫了，妈妈累得气管炎都犯了。
”他的声音仍在发抖，语言却变得流利。
“冬天一下雪，我和妈妈半夜就得起来扫雪。
”安瑞继续说，“要是被车轧过和被人踏过，雪就成了冰石头，我们只能一小块一小块地砸，妈妈的两只手都生了冻疮，经常流血。
”安瑞举起那张引起非议的画：“我爱妈妈的眼睛，她的右眼生了白内障，什么都看不见了；她的左眼老是流泪，晚上流着眼泪给我织毛衣，给爸爸煎药。
我爱妈妈的手，她的手是紫黑色的，可妈妈说，这双手养活了我们全家。
”“我爱我妈妈，可我不想爱秋天和冬天，老师，可以吗？”他看着我，眼睛里是不安的期待。
我微微哽咽着点点头，郑重其事地举起了自己的右手，与此同时，安瑞的同桌也举起了手。
在我渐渐模糊的眼睛里，我看到许多举起的手臂，有孩子们的，有老师的，甚至还有评委和专家们的。
安瑞张开嘴笑，门牙那儿明显有个豁口，这是世上最无邪的笑，这比任何一个奖杯都令人陶醉。
十多年后，安瑞在寄给我的贺卡里写道：“谢谢你，曾经允许我不爱，这让我在今后的岁月里，能够从容地去爱。
现在，我热爱生命中的每一天，因为在八岁那年，我遇见了世上最好的爱．．．．．．。
”其实，我遇见的又何尝不是世上最好的爱．．．．．．？——选自《读者》2008.11、请用简洁的语言概括本文的主要内容。
2、安瑞画里画的是不是他妈妈真实的样子？安瑞为什么不想爱秋天和冬天？3、分别解释句中加点词的含义：（1）因为在八岁那年，我遇见了世上最好的爱．．．．．．。
（2）其实，我遇见的又何尝不是世上最好的爱．．．．．．？4、文章开头交代“美术老师气呼呼地闯进办公室”和“安瑞与同桌打架”两个情节有何用意？5、文中划线句子有何深刻含义？四、最温暖的墙马国福琼是一名中学教师，她的职业性质决定了她要经常与粉笔打交道。
当粉笔灰尘雪花一样把她的世界装点得银装素裹．．．．的同时，也悄然腐蚀着她的手指。
几年下来，她的右手拇指和食指结了厚厚的一层老茧。
尤其是冬天，天冷的时候，她手上的老茧裂开了口子，一堂课板书下来，疼痛不已。
上课前擦的润肤油，不到几分钟的时间就被粉笔灰吸得一干二净。
为了减轻疼痛，下课后她经常用热水袋捂住冰凉疼痛的手指。
有一堂课，琼需要板书一黑板内容，写到一半的时候，她手上的裂口流出很多血，染红了手中的粉笔。
坐在前排细心的学生发现了老师手上的血。
那点点血迹像梅花一样，竟将白色的粉笔点缀得分外引人注目。
琼拿出纸擦掉手上的血，继续书写。
不专心上课叽叽喳喳说话的学生见状后不再说话。
教室里静极了，只听见粉笔头在黑板上轻轻发出的沙沙声，就像秋天的叶子，一片一片掉落在草地上发出的轻微声音。
第二天上课时，琼一走进教室，发现学生们的眼神和往常不一样，有一种期待、一种激动，那种神情意味深长，就像捉迷藏的孩子希望自己的秘密不被人发现。
班长喊起立，全班同学向老师问好，他们并没有把目光放在老师身上，眼睛全盯着讲台上的粉笔盒。
这让她感到蹊跷．．，莫非今天是什么特殊的日子？当她从粉笔盒里拿出粉笔准备书写时才发现，那些粉笔整整齐齐全部穿上了外套，一根根粉笔被五颜六色的彩纸裹了起来，像。
琼以为学生们在和她开玩笑，准备撕掉包裹粉笔的彩纸时，学生们异口同声地喊：老师先不要撕，请先看看那些字！那纸上面有字。