高中英语语法 过去分词
常见过去分词表
常见过去分词表过去分词是英语语法中的一种非常重要的形式，是动词的一种形式，用来表示经过了一段时间或状态的动作，一般情况下作为动词的一种词形，用来形容或修饰名词或代词。
在本文中，将为大家介绍常见的过去分词表。
一、被动语态过去分词表1. 动词 + ed例如：accepted, played, waited, finished, used等2. 动词 + d 或其它例如：made, gave, written, spoken, driven, eaten, broken等。
二、不及物动词过去分词表1. 动词 + en例如：fallen, drunken, eaten, chosen, driven, arisen等。
2. 动词 + n例如：run, flown, come, gone, seen等。
三、形容词/副词转化过去分词表1. 形容词 + ed例如：interested, excited, bored, amused, pleased 等。
2. 副词 + ly例如：badly, happily, sadly, slowly, quickly等。
四、介词短语过去分词表1. on time: arrived, left2. under pressure : stressed, worn-out3. in trouble : arrested, bankrupted4. with care : handled, packed5. with ease : lifted, moved五、常见过去分词表1. 感受/情感：amazed, bored, disappointed, confused, excited, fascinated, impressed, interested, surprised, shocked2. 行为/动作：broken, caught, dropped, eaten, fired, forgotten, made, read, thrown, written3. 形状/状态：bent, burned, cracked, folded, frozen, melted, ripped, torn, twisted, worn4. 意识/认知：believed, known, learned, heard, realized, thought, understood, seen5. 状态/情况：finished, closed, opened, arrived, gone, started, stopped, cancelled, delayed总结以上是常见的过去分词表，掌握这些词汇对于学习和掌握英语语法非常有帮助。
高中英语语法过去分词作定语用法
过去分词作定语用法(Past Participles Used as Attributes过去分词作定语,在语态上,表被动;在时间上,表示动作已经发生或完成,与它所修饰的名词有逻辑(意义上的动宾关系。
过去分词作定语时,所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语,过去分词相当于谓语。
过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生,已经完成并具有被动意义。
有时也不表示时间性。
作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来,因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。
例如: He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。
也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况,一般作前置定语,它不表示被动意义,只表示主动意义,强调动作完成。
不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。
例如: fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人the risen sun 升起的太阳注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况:1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
例如:We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。
My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
单个分词也可以作后置定语,用以强调动作。
例如:They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。
2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面,作后置定语,其作用相当于一个定语从句。
例如:The student dressed in white is my daughter.=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时,即使一个单一的分词作形容词用,也要放在被修饰词的后面。
高中英语语法—过去分词作状语讲义+练习题
过去分词作状语(1) 过去分词作状语的类型过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式/伴随和结果，相当于一个状语从句。
其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
a. 过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。
可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。
◆ Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful.→When it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful.当从远处看时，这幅画似乎更美了。
◆ Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.→When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。
b. 过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
◆ Worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days.→Because I was worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days.由于担心考试，我这几天感到不安。
c. 过去分词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
高中英语语法——过去分词作状语
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. __U_s_ e(duse) in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb. 2. __A__r_m__e(darm) with special guns, knives and brushes, two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft. 3. Though ___c_a__u_g(hctatch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport. 4. Susan is not easy to get along with. But once _____ (ggaainine)d, her friendship will last forever.
2. 表示原因
表示原因，相当于由as, since, 或because 引导的原因状语从句.
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once. =As they were exhausted, the children fell… Caught in a heavy rain, he was wet to the skin. =Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he
注意：可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等来强调过去分词所表示的动 作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。
1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.
高中英语语法过去分词讲解
高中英语语法之动词过去分词简介规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后)，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。
过去分词则属于类动词1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还表示已完成了.The cup is broken. 茶杯破了.2.不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成.He is retired.他已退休.3. 有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构.过去分词构成规则1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ,(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped2 、不规则动词，见不规则表一、当过去分词作为表语The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山.【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作.(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语)【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing 形式来修饰物.(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.二、当过去分词作为定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.1. 过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视.三、当过去分词作为状语1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作.(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.【注意】written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写. 值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦).(2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致.(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I ,即I 被再给一个小时.)(2)_ Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.(seen 为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市.)【注意】如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.(1) The signal given, the bus started. 信号一发出,汽车就开动了.(the signal 是given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语.(2) Her head held high, she went by. 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去.(her head 是held high 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语.)3. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.(1) Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了. (caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)(2)_Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.( grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句If these seeds are grown in rich soil.【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.4. 过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开.He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.四、当过去分词作为宾语补足语(一)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下四类:1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等. (1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌.(过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard;) (2)_He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大.(过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found)2. 表示"致使"意义的动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等.(1) I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发.(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了.(3) Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完.3. 表示思维活动的动词如consider，know，think等后。
过去分词 高中英语语法
• 过去分词作定语时，它和被修饰 的词是逻辑上的被动关系，相当 于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Polluted air and water are harmful to people’s health. I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are interesting.
satisfying令人满意的-satisfied感到满意的
surprising令人惊异的-surprised感到惊异的
worrying令人担心的-worried感到担心的 tiring令人疲倦的- tired感到疲倦的 boring 令人厌烦的-bored 感到厌烦的
试比较: 1. I noticed an__________ amazing (amaze) difference. I was__________ (amaze) at the great differences. amazed 但: 1)Herfrightened __________(frighten) voice suggested she was __________(frighten). frightened disappointed(disappoint) look 2)We knew from his___________ that he didn’t pass the test. rising 2.Can you tell me why the ______sun looks much risen sun? (rise) bigger than the______ upset (upset) 3.The ___________news made her_______. upsetting frightened(frighten) than 4.The boy was more__________ hurt ________(hurt).
高中英语语法过去分词_done
③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分 词前可用if等词。
• ____G_iv_e_n_(give) another chance, he will do better.
• • If __h_e_at_e_d(heat), water can be turned
into steam.
• Once___b_e_g_u_n__(begin), the plan can’t be stopped.
• 3.只用done形式情况: be lost in/be faced with/be seated/ be devoted to…
• __F_a_c_e_d_____with danger, he kept calm.( face)
• 4.只用doing形式的情况: tasting../dating from/ consis分词一方面具有 动__词__的性质，另一 方面也相当于_形_容__词__和_ 副词
在句中可以作定___语 a warn chair _表_语____语be broken 状__语___H_e_ is hidden behind the door, frightened _补__语__H__e_got his essay written/have hair cut • 可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、
• If I was given one more hour, I would have done it better.
Given one more hour, I would have done it better.
过去分词 done
done指分词与主句主语是被动关系 _S__ee_n__from the hill, the city is charming. doing指分词与主句主语是主动关系 _s_e_ei_n_g_ from the hill, you can get a good view.
高中英语关于过去分词的语法
高中英语关于过去分词的语法高中英语关于过去分词的语法过去分词的根本用法:过去分词只有一种形式,也没有主动语态,它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。
过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。
过去分词在句中作某种成分时,其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者,如:(1)作定语:过去分词作定语时,如果这个分词是一个单词,就位于其修饰的名词之前,如果是分词短语,就位于其修饰的名词之后。
被过去分词所修饰的名词,就是该分词的逻辑主语,如:The stolen car was found by the police last week.(2)作表语:过去分词作表语时,表示其逻辑主语所处的状态,其逻辑主语就是句中的主语,如:The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。
注:过去分词作表语时,和动词的'被动语态构造相似,但两者表达的意义不同,如:The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。
作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词,如:crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, pleted, covered等。
(3)作宾语补足语:过去分词作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语,如:When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 注:动词have后的复合宾语中,宾语补足语如为过去分词,常表示该分词所表示的动作是由别人来执行的而不是句中主语自己来执行的,如:I had my bike repaired yesterday. 昨天我(找别人)把我的自行车给修了。
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2) 及物动词的-ed与-ing的被动式都可表 示被动, 但-ed表示一个完成了的动作, 而being done多表示一个正在进行的动 作。
The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with us.
riverupsoilnlugtetdhbey –theeddifrotrymwastears
fromtLhoendaotntr. ibute and the
predictive.
Translation
发达国家
developed countries
训练有素的警察 well-trained policemen
1. 单个-ed作定语
a. 及物动词的-ed形式作定语时一般兼有 被动和完成的意义。
a broken cup
一个破杯子
a wounded soldier 一名伤员
b. 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语时只有完 成意义。
a grown woman 一位成年妇女 an escaped prisoner 一名逃犯
suggested that he had not expected so.
V-ed作定语与V-ing作定语的区别：
1) 语态及时间关系不同 V-ing表主动、正在进行或经常性的动作； V-ed 表被动、动作已经完成 an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演说 the inspired audience 受鼓舞的听众
daughter 一封我女儿写给我的信
1. There was an _e_x_c_i_te_d__ (excite) look on his face when the actress appeared.
2. It’s wrong for the _d_e_v_e_l_o_p_e_d__ (develop) countries to control the world.
2. V-ed短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当 于一个定语从句。
a. the color TV set produced last year = the color TV set that was produced last
year 去年生产的彩色电视机
b. a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter that was written to me by my
The problem being discussed now has something to do with us.
V-ed位于系动词之后作表语时，已相 当于形容词，表示主语的感受或所处 的状态。
Everyone present was very inspired at
his speech. 听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。
3. I have collected the money n__ee_d_e_d_ (need). 4. This is the problem _d_i_sc_u_s_s_e_d_ (discuss)
at the meeting yesterday. 5. The _s_u_r_p_r_is_e_d_ (surprise) look on his face
people died … 2. But he became inspired wh-eednfohrems
thought about helping ordupisrneeaddriacysative people exposed to cholera.
3. He foNuondwthraetaitdcammoerferosmetnhteences
上个月建造的那座桥 the bridge built last month
屋外停着的那辆红 色小汽车 the red car parked outside the house
单个V-ed作定语，常放在被修饰词之前 (left 除外)，V-ed短语作定语时要放在被 修饰词之后。
1. The boy looked up with a satisfied expression. 2. There is only one minute left. 3. The watch lost in the library was found at last. 4. We are going to buy a new machine produced this year.
You seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。 No wonder he is excited! 难怪他很兴奋！
可以用作表语的常见的V-ed有： astonished, delighted, disappointed, experienced, excited, exhausted, frightened, interested, puzzled, qualified, satisfticiple 过去分词
The Past Participle as the
Attribute Predicative Object Complement Adverbial
Sentences from this unit: 1. So-emdthafeonraymtttrshiubosuuetsdeaansds of terrified
the falling leaves 落叶 （正往下落的） the fallen leaves 落叶（已落到地面的）
the changing world （正在变化的） the changed world （变化了的）
boiling water （正在沸腾的） boiled water （已经沸腾过的） fading flowers （正在凋谢的） faded flowers （已经凋谢了的）