MarkTwain马克吐温美国文学PPT课件
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英美文学PPT课件7.Mark Twa
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) was born in Florida and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter. But with his mother's tender care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jokes on all of his friends and neighbors. He didn't like to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home.
Characters came from poorer, super-rural or superurban backgrounds
Included workers at factories, people living in slums,
etc. – the types of people who never showed up as
romantic heroes
.
4
Twain as a Realist
Twain is one of the greatest realists – possibly the greatest – of all time.
One of the reasons he’s so great is that he dares to examine the “whys” – why does society have problems? Why do characters experience conflicting emotions? Why do we act the way we do?
Characters came from poorer, super-rural or superurban backgrounds
Included workers at factories, people living in slums,
etc. – the types of people who never showed up as
romantic heroes
.
4
Twain as a Realist
Twain is one of the greatest realists – possibly the greatest – of all time.
One of the reasons he’s so great is that he dares to examine the “whys” – why does society have problems? Why do characters experience conflicting emotions? Why do we act the way we do?
Mark-Twain---Mirror-of-AmericaPPT优秀课件
• California was made famous for organizing surprising businesses and developing them with great bravery and courage, without caring cost or result. And California keeps this fame until now. When she makes plans for a new surprise, the dull, solemn, dignified people in other parts of the States smile as usual and say: “Well, that's typical of California, that's just California style.”
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4. Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. With no money and a frustrated feeling, he accepted a job as reporter with Territorial Enterprise in Virginia City, ...
2. From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.
3. All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic.
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4. Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. With no money and a frustrated feeling, he accepted a job as reporter with Territorial Enterprise in Virginia City, ...
2. From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.
3. All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic.
美国文学课件( Mark Twain)
• By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg (1900), “To the Person Sitting in Darkness” (1901), and “The Mysterious Stranger” (1916), his obsessive vision of man as greedy numbskull笨蛋, oafish疵呆 的、畸形的, hypocritical, cruel and predatory, was wholly ahis wife and two daughters left him embittered and lonely. • The failure of his publishing firm and a series of bad financial investments brought him humiliation and bankruptcy, leading him to travel throughout the world on a lecture series to pay off his debts, a long and exhausting experience he recorded with barely disguised weariness in Following the Equator (1897).
• By the time he came to write A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), with its angry satire on royalty, religion, and the chivalric ideals of Arthurian England, his work had become more serious and critical.
外国文学欣赏-马克吐温作品赏析PPT课件
CHENLI
17
一、创作道路
2、中期（70年代—90年代）创作的鼎
盛时期，轻松的幽默转向辛辣的讽刺。
如长篇小说《镀金时代》（1874，与华 纳合写）、 《汤姆·索亚历险记》、代 表作长篇小说《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》 （1886）及《傻瓜威尔逊》（1893） 等，
这些作品以深沉、辛辣的笔调讽刺和揭
奥莉薇亚帮助马克·吐温修改文稿。不论她如何修改这些稿件，
马克·吐温从未提出过异议。
CHENLI
5
生死
1835年，马克·吐温诞生时，天上出现了哈雷 慧星。此星每75年出现一次。马克·吐温希望 在自己临终之前，能再次见到这颗慧星。他的 愿望果真实现了！
CHENLI
6
早期创作
以讽刺手法批判宗教教育的危害；揭露世俗社 会人们为了个人利益彼此欺诈、勾心斗角的社 会风气；暴露民主、自由掩盖下的美国社会真 相，批判种族歧视和伪民主社会现实。
哈克不喜欢“文明社会”的原因在于：这个社
会到处充满欺诈和凶残，金钱成为人人追求
的目标。
CHENLI
31
3、人物塑造
②哈克对专制贵族的愤恨，对野蛮暴力的否定 。
他的父亲泼普是专制的化身。通过哈克对父亲 的不满和反抗，影射了当时的专制制度，通过 “国王”和“公爵”的恶行，进一步暴露了南方奴 隶制的腐朽。
跳上马车，马车夫扬鞭驱马，马匹迅跑。正如他们所计划的那样，
车座掉了下来，马克·吐温被摔昏了。
马克·吐温在床上躺了两星期。根本没受伤，童年时他就常这
样摔倒。这两周中，护理他的就是奥莉薇亚，她称他为“亲爱的
阿哥”，他则叫她“亲爱的莉薇”。直到34年后，奥莉薇亚逝世
时，马克．吐温也没有改变对她的这个昵称。
美国文学史PPT马克吐温
Assessment
• 马克 · 吐温是 19 世纪美国现实主义 文学的主要奠基 人之一，他在现实 主义小说语言风格方面为美国文 学 的发展做出了卓越的贡献。用美国 小说家和评论 家威廉· 狄恩· 豪威尔 斯的话来说 ，他是 “ 美国 文学 的 林肯”。 • 马克 · 吐温是第一位用地道的美国 口语写作 的美国作家，他的《哈克 贝利 · 费恩历险记》为美国 小说的 语言带来意义深远的变化，奠定了 美国文学 口语化风格的基础。他那 清新幽默的文笔，毫无雕 琢的朴素 语言开创了美国小说口语化的先河， 对后 世作家产生巨大影响。
Assessment
海伦· 凯勒曾言：“我喜欢马克· 吐 温 ——谁会不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，
亦会钟爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心 灵里绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”
威廉· 福克纳称他为“第一位真正的美 国作家，我们都是继承他而来 ”。他 是美国乡土文学的集大成者。 海明威曾经说过“ 一切当代美国文学 都起源于马克 · 吐温一本叫《哈克贝 里· 费恩历险记tion
However ， he lacked financial acumen. Though he made a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he squandered it on various ventures, and was forced to declare bankruptcy. Twain worked hard to ensure that all of his creditors were paid in full, even though his bankruptcy had relieved him of the legal responsibility.
英美文学PPT课件7.Mark Twain
Twain as a Realist
Twain is one of the greatest realists – possibly the greatest – of all time.
One of the reasons he’s so great is that he dares to examine the “whys” – why does society have problems? Why do characters experience conflicting emotions? Why do we act the way we do?
王朝里的康涅狄格州美国佬》 The Man That Corrupted Hardleybug 《败坏了哈德
莱堡的人》 The Mysterious Stranger 《神秘的陌生人》 Autobiography These works contain bitter attacks on the human
Mark Twain’s Writing Features
humour
is of witty remarks mocking at small things and making people laugh
is a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice
Mark Twain (1835 -1910)
He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi as he loved the great river so much. His father died when he was 12. Mark Twain left school and began to work for a printer, who only provided him with food and clothing. Then, he worked as a printer, a riverboat pilot and later joined the army. But shortly after that he became a miner. During this period, he started to write short stories. Afterwards he became a full-time writer.
马克吐温 中英文介绍 PPT课件
Mark Twain’s humor is based on the humor of the Western in America
He often described persons who was innocent, simple, naive, and ignorant as his heroes or heroines.
3) The Gilded Age (1873)
4）A Tramp Abroad (1880)
Another book of humor and travel observations in the vein of The Innocents Abroad and Roughing It.
5) The Prince And The Pauper (1882) 《王子与贫儿》 6) Life On The Mississippi (1883) 《密西西比河的生活》 7) A Connecticut Yankee In King Arthur’s Court (1889) 《在
人物简介
虽然马克·吐温的财富不多，却无损 他高超的幽默、机智与名气，被称 为美国最知名人士之一，被誉为 “美国文学之父”擅长写讽刺小说。 其交友甚是广泛，迪士尼、魏伟德、 尼古拉·特斯拉、海伦·凯勒、亨 利·罗杰诸君，皆为其友。他曾被誉 为美国文学史上的林肯。海伦·凯勒 曾言：“我喜欢马克·吐温——谁会 不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，亦会钟 爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心灵里 绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”威 廉·福克纳称他为“第一位真正的美 国作家，我们都是继承他而来”。 他于1910年4月21日去世，享年七十 五岁，安葬于纽约州艾玛拉。
Tom’s affection贝琪·萨切尔
A BRIEF OUTLINE OF TOM SAWYER
He often described persons who was innocent, simple, naive, and ignorant as his heroes or heroines.
3) The Gilded Age (1873)
4）A Tramp Abroad (1880)
Another book of humor and travel observations in the vein of The Innocents Abroad and Roughing It.
5) The Prince And The Pauper (1882) 《王子与贫儿》 6) Life On The Mississippi (1883) 《密西西比河的生活》 7) A Connecticut Yankee In King Arthur’s Court (1889) 《在
人物简介
虽然马克·吐温的财富不多，却无损 他高超的幽默、机智与名气，被称 为美国最知名人士之一，被誉为 “美国文学之父”擅长写讽刺小说。 其交友甚是广泛，迪士尼、魏伟德、 尼古拉·特斯拉、海伦·凯勒、亨 利·罗杰诸君，皆为其友。他曾被誉 为美国文学史上的林肯。海伦·凯勒 曾言：“我喜欢马克·吐温——谁会 不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，亦会钟 爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心灵里 绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”威 廉·福克纳称他为“第一位真正的美 国作家，我们都是继承他而来”。 他于1910年4月21日去世，享年七十 五岁，安葬于纽约州艾玛拉。
Tom’s affection贝琪·萨切尔
A BRIEF OUTLINE OF TOM SAWYER
精品公开课 Mark Twain(马克吐温) (共37张PPT)
赞美
有一次马克·吐温与一位夫人对坐，他对她说：“你真漂 亮，”夫人高傲地回答：“可惜我实在无法同样地赞美你。” 马克·吐温毫不介意地笑笑说：“夫人，只要像我一样说假话 就行了。”
回敬
法国名人波盖取笑美国人历史太短，说：“美国人没事 的时候，往往喜欢怀念祖宗，可是一想到祖父一代，就不 能不打住了。” 马克·吐温回敬说：“法国人没事的时候， 总是想弄清他们的父亲是谁，可是很难弄清楚。”
February 3, 1863, that “Mark Twain” was born when Clemens, then 27, signed a humorous travel account with that pseudonym.A riverman’s term)
Different pen names before Mark Twain: Josh Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass
Horace Bixby. Spends next two years “learning” the river, later described in Life on the Mississippi.
• Later he was to say, “In that brief, sharp schooling, I got personally and familiarly acquainted with about all the different types of human nature… When I find a welldrawn character in fiction or biography, I generally take a warm personal interest in him, for the reason that I have known him before. I’ve met him on the river.”
有一次马克·吐温与一位夫人对坐，他对她说：“你真漂 亮，”夫人高傲地回答：“可惜我实在无法同样地赞美你。” 马克·吐温毫不介意地笑笑说：“夫人，只要像我一样说假话 就行了。”
回敬
法国名人波盖取笑美国人历史太短，说：“美国人没事 的时候，往往喜欢怀念祖宗，可是一想到祖父一代，就不 能不打住了。” 马克·吐温回敬说：“法国人没事的时候， 总是想弄清他们的父亲是谁，可是很难弄清楚。”
February 3, 1863, that “Mark Twain” was born when Clemens, then 27, signed a humorous travel account with that pseudonym.A riverman’s term)
Different pen names before Mark Twain: Josh Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass
Horace Bixby. Spends next two years “learning” the river, later described in Life on the Mississippi.
• Later he was to say, “In that brief, sharp schooling, I got personally and familiarly acquainted with about all the different types of human nature… When I find a welldrawn character in fiction or biography, I generally take a warm personal interest in him, for the reason that I have known him before. I’ve met him on the river.”
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Bret Harte,“The Outcasts of Poker Flat”, “Tennessee’s Partner”
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin Mary E. W. Freeman, “A New England Nun” Kate Chopin, The Awakening Mark died when he was 12 and then he left school.
2
Realism:
➢ Realism originated in France as reálisme. ➢ It called for “reality and truth” in the depiction of ordinary life. ➢ Some representatives are: Zola, Flaubert, Balzac and Dostoyevsky.
5
Representative writers:
William Dean Howells (1837—1920), The Rise of Silas Lapham (1885) and Criticism and Fiction.
Henry James (1843—1916), Daisy Miller (1878), The Ambassadors (1903), The Wings of the Dove (1902) and The Art of Fiction.
Mark Twain & “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of
Calaveras County”
1
Historical Background:
➢ the Civil War (1861—1864): “The industrial North had triumphed over the agrarian South, and from that victory came a society based on mass labor and mass consumption.” ➢ “The Gilded Age”: “an age of extremes”— “of decline and progress, of poverty and dazzling wealth, of gloom and buoyant hope”. ➢ the railroad: It changed the way in which people lived and worked.
3
American Realism: Local Color
➢ local color, “an amalgam of romantic plots and realistic descriptions of things immediately observable: the dialects, customs, sights, and sounds of regional America”
4
Definition and features:
➢ Realism: “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.” (W.D. Howells)
a. verisimilitude of details derived from observation b. representative in plot, setting and character c. an objective rather than an idealized view of human experience
9
Mark Twain’s Life:
10
Life
1. Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. “Mark Twain” means “two fathom’s depth of navigable water”.
2. He lived in a town named Hannibal along the Mississippi when he was a child. His life experience in the town was used in his famous novels.
Mark Twain (1835—1910), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Life on the Mississippi (1883).
6
Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835—1910)
7
Mark Twain was a great American humorist. A white linen suit and a cigar became his trademarks in public appearances.
8
Mark Twain
pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835-1910), American writer and humorist, whose best work is characterized by broad, often irreverent humor or biting social satire. Twain's writing is also known for realism of place and language, memorable characters, and hatred of hypocrisy and oppression.
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin Mary E. W. Freeman, “A New England Nun” Kate Chopin, The Awakening Mark died when he was 12 and then he left school.
2
Realism:
➢ Realism originated in France as reálisme. ➢ It called for “reality and truth” in the depiction of ordinary life. ➢ Some representatives are: Zola, Flaubert, Balzac and Dostoyevsky.
5
Representative writers:
William Dean Howells (1837—1920), The Rise of Silas Lapham (1885) and Criticism and Fiction.
Henry James (1843—1916), Daisy Miller (1878), The Ambassadors (1903), The Wings of the Dove (1902) and The Art of Fiction.
Mark Twain & “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of
Calaveras County”
1
Historical Background:
➢ the Civil War (1861—1864): “The industrial North had triumphed over the agrarian South, and from that victory came a society based on mass labor and mass consumption.” ➢ “The Gilded Age”: “an age of extremes”— “of decline and progress, of poverty and dazzling wealth, of gloom and buoyant hope”. ➢ the railroad: It changed the way in which people lived and worked.
3
American Realism: Local Color
➢ local color, “an amalgam of romantic plots and realistic descriptions of things immediately observable: the dialects, customs, sights, and sounds of regional America”
4
Definition and features:
➢ Realism: “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.” (W.D. Howells)
a. verisimilitude of details derived from observation b. representative in plot, setting and character c. an objective rather than an idealized view of human experience
9
Mark Twain’s Life:
10
Life
1. Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. “Mark Twain” means “two fathom’s depth of navigable water”.
2. He lived in a town named Hannibal along the Mississippi when he was a child. His life experience in the town was used in his famous novels.
Mark Twain (1835—1910), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), Life on the Mississippi (1883).
6
Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835—1910)
7
Mark Twain was a great American humorist. A white linen suit and a cigar became his trademarks in public appearances.
8
Mark Twain
pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835-1910), American writer and humorist, whose best work is characterized by broad, often irreverent humor or biting social satire. Twain's writing is also known for realism of place and language, memorable characters, and hatred of hypocrisy and oppression.