My wood Allusion
高级英语-第二册-修辞汇总[1]
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1....no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.—metaphor2. The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor3. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile4. It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once they was a focus.—metaphor5.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.—metaphor6.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile7.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries...—metaphor8. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration9.Otherwise one will bind the conversation; one will not let it flow freely here and there.—metaphor10.When E.M. Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink bank into the nameless ,mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone.—alliteration3.A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—hyperbole4.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews...—transferred epithet5.. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche6.Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls...—simile7..I am not commenting,merely pointing to a fact.—understatement8..As the storks (用白色的鹳象征白人)flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—symbolism; onomatopoetic words9. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence10. And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simile; symbolism1 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration; metaphor2 Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, suppor any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—consonance(尾韵); parallelism(平行)3 United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. —antithesis4.We pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. —euphemism5.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor6.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.—metaphor7.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.—metaphor8....we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak...—metaphor9.And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion...—metaphor10.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.—metaphor11.Let us never negotiate out of fear , but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环)12.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion(历史典故), climax(层进)13.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis; regressionLesson41.Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor 2 Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—metaphor, hyperbole3 Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis4 What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody(仿拟)5 This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.—understatement6 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor, extended metaphor(延喻)7 It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.—antithesisLesson51 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting‖sheik‖, and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖and the ―drug-store cowboy‖.—transferred epithet2 Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly —that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3 War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitation our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6 Their energies had been whipped up and their naive destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had “made the world safe for democracy.—metaphor7 After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and‖Puritanical‖gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout the morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.—metonymy; synecdoche8 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where‖they do things better.‖—personification, metonymy ,synecdoche10. The strife of 1861-1865 had popularly become, in motion picture and story, a magnolia-scented soap opera.—transferred epithetLesson61 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge. —paregmenon(同源修辞格)2 The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3 So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world. —synecdoche, metaphor4....while sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood, and th Johnny Carson show live, preempt the airways form California...—alliteration；metaphor5. Tin Pan Alley has moved to Nashville and Hollywood.—metonymy6.New York was never Mecca to me.—metaphor(comparing New York to Mecca); metonymy(Mecca standing for a holy place)7.Nature constantly yields to man in New York: witness those fragile sidewalks trees gamely struggling against encroaching cement and petrol fumes.—personification8.The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town.—euphemism9.Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously, regarding it as an unworkable mixture of the idealistic, the impractical, and the hypocritical.—personification10.So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers—as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers.—onomatopoeia(拟声词)。
英语习语翻译
第十九讲习语翻译Lecture 19 Idioms一、Idioms的定义：广义的idioms包括：1. set phrase短语，2. proverbs谚语，3. sayings俗语, 4. epigrams警句，5. slang俚语，6. colloquialisms 口语，7. quotations名言/语录，8. two-part allegorical sayings寓言9. allusions典故汉语中包括：1. 成语set phrases， 2. 谚语proverbs， 3. 俗语colloquialism, 4. 歇后语allegorical saying二、英语idioms的来源1．From the Bible圣经故事:1) Cast pearls before swine对牛弹琴；白费好意这个成语源自《新约。
马太福音》第7章：“Give not that which is holy unto the dogs,neither cast ye your pearls before swine,lest th ey trample them under their feet,and turn again and rend you”.2）Don’t you see the writing on the wall? 难道你没有看出大难临头了吗？（writing on the wall意为“不详之兆”，典出《旧约全书》）2. From the fables寓言故事:1) Veper and File出自《伊索寓言》，说的是一条蝰蛇（Viper）发现一把铁锉（File），以为是一顿美餐。
但铁锉说，它的天职是咬别人，而不是被别人咬。
后人借此比喻“骗人者反受人骗”，汉译时要作直译或意译处理。
2) kill the goose to get the eggs，源于希腊寓言，说的是曾有一个乡下人，因为发财心切杀死了自己饲养的那只能下金蛋的鹅，以为如此就可一次获得全部想象中的金块，但其结果一无所获。
My wood 第二段 演示文稿终极版
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• St Patrick’s Cross (consisting of two diagonal red stripes crossing on a white background) • St Patrick’s Day (17 March, the national day of Northern Ireland; St Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland)
• 古代中东以色列王国的国王，故事讲述的 是亚哈的自私和贪心。 亚哈王因为拿伯的 葡萄园靠近他的王宫，因而要求拿伯把葡 萄园让给他，充作他的菜园。他愿意出银 把它买下，或是用更好的葡萄园和拿伯对 换。现在看来是买卖交易，但是根据当时 旧约的律法；“地不可永卖，因为地是我 的；你们在我面前是客旅是寄居的。”当 时拿伯认为土地是神赐的，他很满足自己 的土地，拒绝了亚哈王的要求。
• Canute (995?-1035) was King of England, Norway, and Denmark. During his life time, he led a number of expeditions to assert his rights and conquer new lands. • 克努特（995—1035年），来自丹麦的英格 兰国王（1014—1035年在位），丹麦国王 （1018—1035年在位），挪威国王（1028— 1035年在位）。1027年，进攻苏格兰， 1028年，征服挪威。 • /news-118-6636.html
This is his funniest and most insightful paragraph, which begs the question: Can a person really own anything at all, especially a plot of something as alive and boundless as nature itself?
Unit 11 My Wood Teaching Plan 教案
Unit 11My WoodTeaching PlanLearning Objectives1)Rhetorical skill: allusion, image or anecdote2)Key language & grammar points3)Writing strategies: to relate personal experiences4)Theme: psychological consequence of owning propertyPre-class Activity: none.Relationship to Current Unit:Materials: Teacher’s Book (6), English-English Dictionary, Blackboard, PPTEstimated Time of Lesson: 270m, 6 sessionsTime Allocation:P 1-21.Pre-reading: playing games / word puzzle / picture activation / short stories 10m2.Global Reading: text introduction, culture notes, author, structure 15m3.Detailed Reading (a): Text I: Paragraph 1-2 65mP 3-44.Detailed Reading (b): Text I: Paragraph 3-6 90mP 5-65.Consolidation Activities (a): Text Comprehension; Writing Strategies 20m6.Consolidation Activities (b): Language work; Oral Activities; Writing 70m7.Further Enhancement (Optional): Text II / Other Comprehensive PracticesSection One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Picture ActivationWhat is your opinion of property?II. Pre- reading Questions1. It is said that man is selfish by nature, so he wants to own many things. Material comfort is regarded as a guarantee of quality life. Which do you think can give you more satisfaction, owning or sharing? Why?Open for discussion.2. A free lunch is something that almost everyone longs for. That’s also why lotteries are so popular nowadays. Suppose you won a lottery of 20 million RMB. How would you spend the money?Open for discussion.Section Two Global ReadingI. Text IntroductionIn this essay, the author explores the psychological consequences of owning property. Through a fine description of the psychological changes he underwent after he had bought a wood, the author suggest s that it is perhaps part of human nature to be “stout,” “avaricious,” “pseudo-creative” and “selfish” and that property is a curse that intensifies all these negative elements of man.II. Culture Notesthe Jordan (Paragraph 2)a river that flows from Syria through the Sea of Galilee into the Dead SeaAhab (Paragraph 4)Ahab was the king of Israel from ca. 875 B.C. to ca. 853 B.C. He did evil in the sight of God, principally by marrying Jezebel, a wicked woman, and by building places of worship to her god, Baal. Ahab permitted Jezebel to obtain for him a vineyard he wished to have, by causing its owner, Naboth, to be falsely accused of cursing God and the king, and then stoned to death.Union Jack (Paragraph 4)the national flag of the United KingdomDante (Paragraph 5)Alighieri Dante (1265–1321), Italian poet. His best-known work is Divine Comedy (1300–1321), which describes Hell as a funnel of descending cities where sinners are punished, Purgatory as a mountain of repentant sinners in circles ascending to Paradise, which contains his beloved BeatriceIII. AuthorE. M. Forster (1879–1970), full name Edward Morgan Forster, an English writer, novelist. His novels include A Room with a View (1908) and A Passage to India (1924).IV. Structural AnalysisPart 1(Para. 1) raising the topic of the essayPart 2(Paras. 2-5) discussing on the psychological consequences of owning propertyPart 3(Paras. 6-7) discussing the selfishness of the owner and the concluding remarks Section Three Detailed ReadingMY WOODE.M. ForsterI. AnalysisParagraph 1 AnalysisIn the first paragraph the author raises a question: “What is the effect of property upon the character?” Then he limits the topic of the essay to the psychological aspects of the quest ion: “Don’t let’s touch economics ...,” “Let’s keep to psychology.”Paragraph 2 AnalysisThe author discusses the first effect of property on him (“... it makes me feel heavy.”) and this is reiterated at the end of the paragraph (“My wood makes me feel heavy.”). This heaviness is first depicted with a parable cited from the New Testament about “a man of weight”.Thus the reader is presented with the image of a “heavy” man who “failed to get into the Kingdom of Heaven.” Obviously the author is suggesting t hat a man of property is a heavy man.Paragraphs 3-4 AnalysisThese two paragraphs discuss the second psychological consequence of owning property —intensified avarice. Once you possess something, you will regard it as “mine”: even a bird that flies inci dentally into your wood is “mine” and you will try to keep it from flying away.Paragraph 5 AnalysisThis paragraph elaborates on the third psychological effect produced by property —pseudo-creativity. The author ironically explains it as the owner’s va gue desire to express his personality.Paragraphs 6-7 AnalysisOn the surface “the blackberries” stands for anything that is within the boundary of one’s property. The author uses it here as a symbol of the intense selfishness of the owner due to his haunting desire and painstaking efforts to keep everything to himself.At the end of the essay the author summarizes the four effects of owning property as “enormously stout, endlessly avaricious, pseudo-creative, intensely selfish.”II. Questions for ParagraphsParagraph 1: QuestionDoes the author mention his book merely to indicate that he could afford to buy the wood with a cheque?This is only one reason. Another appears to be to poke gentle fun at Americans in a manner typical of the author’s nation.It has also been suggested that it is intended to insinuate the analogical situation that holds between his possession of the wood and the British colonization of India.Paragraph 2 Questions1. How do you understand the phrase “men of weight”?The aut hor uses the phrase “men of weight” to refer to people with property. They are heavy because their property necessitates a lot of work, “servants” and “insurance stamps.”2. What is meant by “they just show straightforward logic”?It means that they (all that has been said in preceding sentences, the Gospels and Tolstoy’s claim) reveal a very simple truth.Paragraph 4 Questions1. What does the author mean by “the relation between us”?The author refers to the relation between the bird as the possessed and himself as a possessor.2. How is “a rocket containing a Union Jack” related with the author’s purpose?In the essay the author mentions “a rocket containing a Union Jack” to signify man’s desire to possess more, because to him man’s effort to claim the moon is a symptom of his insatiable greed.3. What does the author mean by “But these immensities ended by saddening me”?Here the author humorously belittles his ambition. Compared with “these immensities” (man’s endeavor to possess outer space), his desire is trivial and his wood “is so very small and contains no mineral wealth beyond the blackberries.”Paragraph 5 Questions1. What is the difference between the artist’s restlessness and the impulse of a property owner?There lies a great differenc e between the two: while the artist’s impulse, without any vagueness, leads to an act of creation, the owner’s impulse springs from a vague but foolish desire to express himself and from an inability to enjoy what he has got.2. How should we interpret the meanings of the two lines from the Shakespearean sonnet —“The expense of spirit in a waste of shame” and “Before, a joy propos’d; behind, a dream”?The first line refers to the destructive effect of lust that leads to the loss of one’s spirit and will, and the second should be read together with the pre-ceding line in the sonnet —“A bliss in proof, —and prov’d, a very woe,” which means lust is a bliss when it is in proof, but once it is proved, it becomes a “woe.” Clearly it means that lust appears li ke a joy to a pursuer, but its fulfillment brings him only a nightmare.Paragraph 7 QuestionWhat does the author mean by “... I shall weave upon my forehead the quadruple crown of possession ...”?He means that he will fully enjoy the possession of property.III. Language Work of ParagraphsParagraph 1“... I wrote a book ...”Note: Here the author refers to his best-known novel A Passage to India (1924).“blast it”Paraphrase:a curse, a little milder than “damn it.”“Still, it is the first propert y that I have owned, so it is right that other people should participate in my shame ...”Paraphrase: In spite of everything, it is the first estate that I have ever possessed, so it is right that other people should share awareness of my shame...participate in: to take part in somethinge.g. She never participates in any of our discussions, does she?Did you participate in any of the activities that were on offer at the hotel?Participatory sports are becoming more popular.“in accents that will vary in horror”Paraphrase: in tones that will differ to reflect the degree of horror felt“What is the effect of property upon the character?”Paraphrase: How does the possession of property affect one’s personality?effect n. a change that is produced in one person or thing by anothere.g. I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn’t have any effect.That drink has had quite an effect on me — I feel light-headed!She has a lot of confidence which she uses to good effect in interviews.Paragraph 2“In the first place, it makes me feel heavy.”Paraphrase: First of all, it is a kind of burden on me.in the first place: used for stating the most basic reason for somethinge.g. I don’t want to go yet —in the first place I’m not ready, and in the secondplace it’s raining.The trousers shrank when I washed them, but they weren’t really big enough inthe first place.Thankfully, he wasn’t hurt, but he never should have been there in the first place.“being woven into the robe of God”Paraphrase: being accepted and protected by God“... the ascent of a fourteen-stone bishop into a pulpit is thus the exact antithesis of the coming of the Son of Man.”Paraphrase: ... a very fat bishop climbing with difficulty into his platform to give his sermon, and Jesus Christ coming down so gracefully from heaven, are two pictures in striking contrast.ascent n. a climb upwards, especially up a hill or mountaine.g. She made her first successful ascent of Mount Tai last year.We struggled up the slippery ascent.antithesis n. the exact opposite of somethinge.g. He is the exact antithesis of what I find attractive in men.Hope is the antithesis of despair.Their solution to the problem was in complete antithesis to mine.Paragraph 4“On coming nearer, I saw it was not a man who had trodden on the twig and snapped it, but a bird, and I felt pleased.”Paraphrase: When I came nearer, I saw it was not a man who had walked on the twig and broken it, but a bird, and I was delighted.tread on: to put your foot on or in something while you are walking; to be very careful about what you say or do in a difficult situatione.g. Well, that’s how you get to the top — you tread on other people.The government know they have to tread carefully on this issue.snap vt./ vi.to suddenly break something with a short loud noise, or to be broken in this waye.g. With so many people crowding onto the platform, its supports snapped.The gales caused some power cables to snap, leaving hundreds of homes withoutelectricity for several hours.“Something seemed grossly amiss here ...”Paraphrase: Something seemed completely wrong here...grossly adv.disgustingly, or extremelye.g. It was grossly unfair to demand such a high interest rate on the loan.He’s grossly overweight.amiss adj. wrong; not suitable or as expectede.g. A word of apology might not go amiss.I was worried that he might take my remark amiss.“I could not suppose that my wood was the destined nucleus of universal dominion ...”Paraphrase:I didn’t think that my wood was meant to be the center of universal power and control ...nucleus n. the central or basic part of somethinge.g. DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.These three players will form the nucleus of a revised and stronger team.dominion n. control, or the right to rule over somethinge.g. God has dominion over all his creatures.The chief ’s son would inherit all his dominions.Paragraph 5“They spring from a foolish desire to express myself and from an inability to enjoy what I have got.”Paraphrase:These impulses are the result of a foolish desire to express myself and of a failure to enjoy what I have got.spring from: to come from a particular place, family, or situatione.g. A cry sprang from her lips.Where did you spring from? —I didn’t s ee you come in!“Creation, property, enjoyment form a sinister trinity in the human mind.” Paraphrase: Creation, property, enjoyment form a vicious union in the human mind. Note: Notice that “trinity” normally refers to the union of Father, Son, and Hol y Spirit as one God in Christianity.“Yet we don’t know how to shun it.”Paraphrase: But we don’t know how to avoid it.shun vt. to deliberately avoid a person, place, or activitye.g. After the trial he was shunned by friends and family alike.He was shunned by his parents when they discovered he was gay.“... they are still entangled with the desire for ownership ...”Paraphrase: .. they are still mixed with the desire for ownership ...entangle vt. to twist someone or something up in something such as a wire or net, so that they are stuck and cannot easily be set freee.g. The dolphin had become entangled with the fishing nets.He went to the shop to buy bread, and got entangled with a carnival parade.The mayor and the city council are anxious to avoid getting entangled in thecontroversy.“Possession is one with loss.”Paraphrase:Possession is accompanied by loss. When one possesses something he desires, one loses something else at the same time.Paragraph 7There is a wood near Lyme Regis, also cursed by a public footpath ... Paraphrase: There is a wood near Lyme Regis, which is also undesirably traversed by a public footpath ...curse vt. to invoke evil or misfortune upone.g. Modern city life is often cursed by noise.In recent years I’ve be en cursed with worsening eyesight.“He had built high stone walls on each side of the path, and has spanned it by bridges, so that the public circulate like termites while he gorges on the blackberries unseen.”Paraphrase: He had built high stone walls on each side of the path, and also built bridges between the two sides, so that while other people are walking under the bridgeslike white ants, he can enjoy his blackberries alone without being seen.span vt. if a bridge spans an area of water, it crosses it; to last for a particular period of time, especially a long periode.g. An old bridge spans the river just outside the town.Her acting career spanned almost six decades.circulate v. to move around continuously inside a system or area, or to make something do thise.g. Hot water circulates through the heating system.I’ve circulated a good-luck card for everyone to sign.Add her name to the circulation list for this report.gorge v. to eat or drink so much of something that you cannot eat or drink any moree.g. She sat in front of the television, gorging on chocolates.They gorged themselves with candy.It was a custom of the ancient Romans to gorge and then make themselves vomit.“And perhaps I shall come to this in time.”Paraphrase: And perhaps I shall eventually behave just like that.come to: to reach a particular state or point; to reach a particular total when everything is added togethere.g. The car spun off the road, turned over twice and came to rest in a field.We haven’t come to a decision on the matter yet.Have you come to any conclusions about the story yet?Section Four Further EnchantmentI. Lead-in QuestionsAre you tired of town life? Why?Open for discussion.Text IITOWN LIFEJay PariniII. NotesAbout the authorJay Parini(1948–) is an American novelist, poet, and biographer. He was born in Pittston, Pennsylvania and grew up in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Lafayette College in 1970. He was awarded a doctorate by the University of St. Andrews in 1975. He taught at Dartmouth College from 1975 to 1982. As of 2005 he taught at Middlebury College in Vermont. He is married to the writer Devon Jersild.Robert Frost (Paragraph 1)(1874–1963) American poet. Much of his poetry reflects his ties to New England, as in the collection New Hampshire (1923).T. S. Eliot (Paragraph 1)American-born British poet, critic, and dramatist; full name Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888–1965). Associated with the rise of literary modernism, he was established as the voice of a disillusioned generation by The Waste Land (1922). Four Quartets (1943) revealed his increasing involvement with Christianity. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1948.... “like a tedious argument. Of insidious intent.” (Paragraph 1)... “like a boring argument with quietly damaging intention.”But the oppressiveness of what I considered the “small town mentality,” where you could never escape your family’s aura, began to rankle when I hit my teens. (Paragraph 2)But when I be came a teenager, I felt painfully oppressed by what I thought of as a “small town mentality,” where you could not possibly live a life unaffected by your family.St. Andrews (Paragraph 3)St. Andrews is a small town of around 18,000 people situated on its own bay beside the North Sea on the east coast of Scotland about 50 miles north of Edinburgh, Scotland’s capital city. The University, Scotland’s oldest and the third oldest in Britain, was founded in 1413 and has a well-deserved reputation for teaching and research, making it one of the “Ivy League” universities in Britain.YMCA (Paragraph 3)Young Men’s Christian Association, a welfare movement with branches all over the world that began in 1844, in Londonmortar boards (Paragraph 3)academic caps with a stiff, flat, square top and a tasselused bookseller (Paragraph 5)second-hand booksellerThoreau (Paragraph 6)Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862), American essayist and poet, and a key figure in Transcendentalism. He is best known for his book Walden, or Life in the Woods (1854), an account of a two-year experiment in self-sufficiency.Dartmouth College (Paragraph 7)a private, four-year liberal arts college in Hanover, a town of 11,000 in western New Hampshire bordering Vermont on the Connecticut River. Founded in 1769, it is a member of the Ivy League.... portraits of two dozen local worthies hung in state above the lunch counter. (Paragraph 7)... pictures of two dozen famous local people were hung solemnly above the lunch counter.make Lou’s rogues gallery (Paragraph 8)get my own portrait hung at Lou’s like these famous local people... waiting for poems to strike or not strike, as the Muse will have it. (Paragraph 8)... waiting for poetic inspirati on, as the Muse will decide. Here “the Muse” refers to one of the nine goddesses who encouraged poetry, music and other branches of art and literature.... Middlebury’s geographic and emotional terrain seems to fit snugly. (Paragraph 9)... both Middl ebury’s geographic landscape and the intense feeling aroused by it seem well suited to the author.Middlebury is a small town located in Vermont.the village green (Paragraph 10)the open square in the villagewhite elephants (Paragraph 10)A white elephant is a possession that is useless or troublesome, especially one that isexpensive to maintain or difficult to dispose of. Here “white elephants” means “useless items.”There is a plausible variety of experience here without the faintly nauseating smorgasbord of big city life. (Paragraph 11)Life here can be fairly rich and colorful but without such a wide variety of big city life that makes you feel slightly sick.... one’s misdeeds are indelibly recorded for future retribution. (Paragra ph 11)... one’s wrongdoings are permanently remembered by people for future punishment.The loneliness and isolation of country life, where one’s own thoughts and inner voice dominate the landscape, have no place here. (Paragraph 11) Unlike the life in the country, where you feel lonely and isolated, and where you have nothing but your own thoughts and inner voice, here everything is different. Here “the landscape” means “the whole picture of one’s life or activities in the country.”It is a synthesis. (Paragraph 11)It is a combination of the happiness of both country life and big city life.III. Fun Time & Memorable Quotesa). Fun Timeplay the videob). Memorable quotes"Our houses are such unwieldy property that we are often imprisoned rather than housed in them."— Henry David Thoreau "Gambling promises the poor what property performs for the rich —something for nothing."— George Bernard Shaw "When a man assumes a public trust, he should consider himself as public property."— Thomas Jefferson。
诗歌英文术语poetry
“Father William”
Page 400
• In this poem, a young man questions his father about some rather unusual behavior. • Have you ever asked someone what they were doing and received an explanation that made very little sense at all?
Mrs. Smith’s Limerick:
There once was a man from Japan. All the while he hoped for a tan. So he lay on the beach, And ate a ripe peach, That came from a Georgia van.
– A three-lined Japanese verse
9. Image:
– A word or phrase that appeals to one or more of the five senses
10. Lyric Poem:
– Highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker
外研版高中英语选择性必修第3册 Unit 6 Using language
Activity 3 Look at the pictures and complete the travel journal entry with the words in the box. Use the structures you have learnt in this unit where appropriate.
Now think about your performance. Have you actively participated in the discussion? What can you do to improve your performance?
新标准《英语》高中选择性必修第三册
Unit 6 Nature in words Using language
Review: non-finite forms as attributive, adverbial and complement
Activity 1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
2 What aspects does the author describe? The author describes the skies, fields, flowers, orchards, trees, wheat and the quality of the light.
Activity 6
rich,
sweeps,
golden
tinges, makes
Shape
thick clusters, graceful sheaves
Smell
fresh, sweet-smelling
allusion--the waste land荒原典故
Golden Bough --- the Scottish
theme of death and revival
4.
► APRIL
is the cruellest month, ► 四月最残忍，从死了的 breeding ► 土地滋生丁香，混杂着 ► Lilacs out of the dead land, ► 回忆和欲望，让春雨 mixing ► 挑动着呆钝的根。 ► Memory and desire, stirring ► 冬天保我们温暖，把大地 ► Dull roots with spring rain. ► 埋在忘怀的雪里，使干了 ► Winter kept us warm, 的球茎得到一点点生命。 covering ► Earth in forgetful snow, feeding ► Canterbury Tales ► A little life with dried tubers.
2.
―Nam Sibyllam quidem Cumis ego ipse oculis meis vidi in ampulla pendere, et cum illi pueri dicerent: Sibylla ti theleis; respondebat illa: apothanein thelo‖ ―因为我在古米亲眼看见西比尔吊在笼子里。孩 子们问她：你要什么，西比尔？她回答道： 我要死”
Allusion in The Waste Land
Group 4 暴颖颖 陈田芳 刘晓娜 李 珊 苗丽媛 孙琪炜
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
►1.
The waste land
Ritual to Romance ----- James L.
散文 选读my_wood
My WoodThough the author puts “my wood” as the title, he is actually talks about property in the whole text. In the essay, the author explores the psychological consequences of owing property. Through a fine description of the psychological changes he underwent after he had bought a wood, the author suggests that it is perhaps part of human nature to be “stout”, “avaricious”, “pseudo-creative”and “selfish”and that property is a curse that intensifies all these negative elements of man.In the first place, he said that property makes man heavy by quoting two allusions. For instance, he uses an allusion from the Bible-- It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God, to suggest that it is difficult to enter into the kingdom of God for a man with property. Then, he uses another allusion from the Bible-- religious activity on the Jordan to suggest that it is difficult to be embraced in the arms by God. Besides, he lists the idea of The Gospels and Tolstoy to point out property is sinful. These allusions all have explained the idea “property makes man heavy” with an inclusio.In the second place, he said that property makes man avaricious by quoting the allusion from the Bible—Ahab worshipped the evil god Baal, and greedily acquired an orchard, to imply men’s intensified avarice. He also mentions “a roket containing a UnionJack”to signify men’s desire to posses more. What’s more, he implies that people want more and nothing is sufficient by describing his desire for the birdIn the third place, he said that property makes man pseudo-creative by telling his own experience—because of pretentious and empty he produces impulses, to suggest that our materialism and carnality are managed in a wrong way. On the other hand, he quotes the idea by Shakespeare—the result of lust is losing one’s spirit and will, and also his sonnet—lust appears like a joy to a purser, but its fulfillment brings him only a nightmare. These to quotations both express that the lust of property will eventually bring man disaster and this idea get a distillation finally by quoting “possession is one with loss”.In the fourth place, he said that property makes man selfish by giving an example of selfishness—who has the same situation as himself, but that man build stone walls to avoid others seeing his “property”. Then he quotes another allusion from the Bible to imply that in the Biblical parable the rich and the poor could yet see each other across the gulf, but the owner of the wood in the essay does not even allow the have-not to look at his property. This example shows exactly character of the selfish owner who wanted to “taste the sweets of property” alone.Nowadays, many people view property as the sole pursuit but after reading the essay, we should think about what is really worthpursuing for us. I do not mean that the idea of having a richer life is wrong, but on the way to taking effort for that we also should focus more on inward peace or happiness. The heaviness and restlessness of property as the author described, it is also a consideration worth thinking for us.。
Unit 11 My Wood
综合教程6(第2版)电子教案
Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure Union Jack (Paragraph 4) the national flag of the United Kingdom
综合教程6(第2版)电子教案
Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure Dante (Paragraph 5) Alighieri Dante (1265–1321), Italian poet. His best-known work is Divine Comedy (1300–1321), which describes Hell as a funnel of descending cities where sinners are punished, Purgatory as a mountain of repentant sinners in circles ascending to Paradise, which contains his beloved Beatrice
综合教程6(第2版)电子教案
Detailed Reading
MY WOOD
E.M. Forster
1. A few years ago I wrote a book which dealt in part with the difficulties of the English in India. Feeling that they would have had no difficulties in India themselves, the Americans read the book freely. The more they read it the better it made them feel, and a cheque to the author was the result. I bought a wood with the cheque. It is not a large wood — it contains scarcely any trees, and it is intersected, blast it, by a public footpath. Still, it is the first property that I have owned, so it is right that other people should participate
my_wood_修辞[精彩]
My_Wood_修辞我的小树林》中修辞技巧赏析摘要:《我的小树林》是英国著名小说家、散文家爱德华.摩根.福斯特(Edward Morgan Forster)于二十世纪三十年代所创作的散文。
在该散文中,福斯特分析了财产的拥有给人带来的四个恶劣后果。
作者运用了典故、引用、夸张等修辞手法, 既突出了该散文的主题,也突出了该散文讽刺的口吻。
关键词:《我的小树林》福斯特财产典故引用《我的小树林》是英国著名小说家、散文家爱德华.摩根.福斯特于二十世纪三十年代所创作的散文, 被收录在福斯特的杂文集《阿宾哲收获集》中。
在该散文中,福斯特以讽刺、幽默的口吻讲述了自己在购买了一片小树林后所经历的心理变化,进而探讨了财产给人类带来的恶劣的心理影响。
作者在该散文中运用了大量的修辞技巧,如:典故、引用、假正经、夸张等。
一.修辞技巧对主题的烘托1924 年,福斯特发表了小说《印度之旅》,该小说的发表在美国受到了极大的欢迎,非常畅销,而该小说的畅销为作者带来了不小的一笔财富,由此作者用这笔钱购买了一片小树林。
也就是在购买了这片小树林之后,作者发现了财产对人们的心理影响。
在《我的小树林》中,作者一开篇就结合自身的经历提出了一个问题“财产对人有什么影响?”。
随后,作者紧紧围绕这个问题,从四个方面分析了财产对人造成的心理影响:即,财产可以让人变得“笨重”、“贪婪”、“假装创新”及“自私”。
为了有效突出该主题,作者运用了不同的修辞技巧,主要包括“典故”和“引用”。
1. 典故的运用典故是一种重要的修辞手段,是诗词曲赋中常用的一种表现方法,其主要特点是借助一些历史人物、神话传说、寓言故事等来表达自己的某种愿望或情感。
在该散文中,作者运用了圣经典故、历史典故等,增加了文章的色彩与效果。
圣经中的许多故事经常被作为典故在文学作品中应用。
基督教的教义中“原罪”之说提倡人的“禁欲与简单生活”以赎罪,只有在赎罪后人才可以在死后进入天堂。
而财产的拥有则加重了人在世间的罪恶。
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3 1 2 3 Jesus Coming from the East King Ahab and Naboth's Vineyard parable of Lazarus and Dives
Quotations from the Text
1 2 3
Men of weight cannot, by definition, move like the lightening from the East unto the West
古代中东以色列王国的国王，故事讲述的是亚哈 的自私和贪心。 亚哈王因为拿伯的葡萄园靠近他 的王宫，因而要求拿伯把葡萄园让给他，充作他 的菜园。他愿意出银把它买下，或是用更好的葡 萄园和拿伯对换。现在看来是买卖交易，但是根 据当时旧约的律法；“地不可永卖，因为地是我 的；你们在我面前是客旅是寄居的。”当时拿伯 认为土地是神赐的，他很满足自己的土地，拒绝 了亚哈王的要求。 亚哈王强买不成，便纵容了王后的诡计。她托王 的名写信给耶斯列城的长老，要他们宣布禁食， 贿买两个匪徒，诬告拿伯谤渎神和王，然后把拿 伯拉到城外，用石头把他打死。当亚哈王想要拿 伯死后占有他的葡萄园时受到了神的惩罚。
通过这个典故的运用作者试图告诉读者:圣 经中的穷人与富人之间虽有天堂与地狱之 隔,但至少他们还可以彼此看到对方。而作 者如果在自己的小树林周围 建起高高的围 墙的话,经过作者小树林的路人由于高墙的 阻隔甚至在作者独享黑莓的时候不能够看 上一眼。此处作者通过圣经中典故的运用 突出了作者该段的主题 “财产让人自私”。
该典故暗示了作者对自己小树林的不满足, 映射了作者在看到小鸟落到邻居家的田里 后,内心的欲望进一步扩大的心理过程。 “财产的拥有让人变得无限贪婪”
parable of Lazarus and Dives
There was a certain rich man Dives who was living in luxury every day. A certain beggar, named Lazarus, was laid at his gate, desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table. The beggar died and was carried away by the angels to Abraham's bosom. The rich man also died, and was buried. In Hades, Dives saw Abraham far off, and Lazarus at his bosom. He cried and begged Abraham’s mercy on him. But Abraham compared Lazarus and Dives and said no.
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The coming of Christ will be instantaneous and worldwide. "For as the lightning comes from the east and flashes to the west, so also will the coming of the Son of Man be." —Matthew 24:27
• Lord Jesus Christ coming from east of the heavens. • He was dressed in a beautiful Robe of Righteousness. The multitudes were thronging Jesus Jesus. • Jesus had beautiful pure Bread to give them. • This Bread was full of Light and Life, just as Jesus is full of Light and Life.
Jesus Coming from the East
Matthew 24:7--For as the lightning cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the west; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be.
Ahab did not want that vineyard—he only needed it to round off his property, preparatory to plotting a new curve
Dives in Hell did pretty well, but the gulf dividing him from Lazarus could be traversed by vision, and nothing traverses it பைடு நூலகம்ere.
在圣经中,有一个财主(Dives),天天奢华宴乐。一个 讨饭的拉撒路(Lazarus),乞讨财主桌子上掉下来的 零碎充饥。后来拉撒路死了,被天使带去 放在亚伯 拉罕的怀里。财主死后被埋葬了,在阴间受痛苦,举 目远远地望见亚伯拉罕和他怀里的拉撒路,他企求 主可怜他。亚伯拉罕说:“儿阿,你该回想你生前享 过福,拉撒路也受过苦。如今他在这里得安慰,你倒 受痛苦。在你我之间,有深渊限定,以致人要从这边 过到你们那边,是不能的,要从那边过到我们这边, 也是不 能的。”
King Ahab
A king of ancient Israel. His wife, Jezebel, a foreigner, who introduced the worship of pagan gods.
King Ahab and Naboth's Vineyard
King Ahab asked Naboth for his land and Naboth said no. King Ahab told Queen Jezebel and they had Naboth killed. The King got possession of the land. Elijah was asked by God to find King Ahab. Queen Jezebel and King Ahab acted against God Queen Jezebel was killed.