现在分词作状语详解
现在分词作状语
且和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词 的一般形式． • He was ill and didn’t attend the meeting.
• =Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
• ⑵如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的
动作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动 作立即发生,也用分词的一般形式. • Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
2. ________the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door.
A. Playing
B. When I was playing
C. Repairing
D. Examining
3. Mother caught the boy ______ in the
可以表示时间原因结果条件行可以表示时间原因结果条件行为方式或伴随动作等
现在分词作状语
-ing分词作状语可以表 示时间、原因、结果、 条件、让步、方式或伴 随情况等。
While Reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。 After having dinner, she went out for a walk. 吃完晚饭，她出去散步。
3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. 时间
When I was walking in the street.
4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off. 结果
现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词作状语的用法现在分词作状语：①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。
分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
如：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。
My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a jobthere.我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。
The child fell，striking his head against the door.小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。
In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。
Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowingfor(考虑到),generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。
如：Talking of this film, its wonderful.说到这部电影，好极了。
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today.根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。
现在分词做状语
现在分词做状语现在分词被用作状语。
其实大多数情况下，现在分词和它的关联成分一起作状语，也就是现在分词短语作状语，相当于它对应的状语从句。
大多数情况下，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。
例：1.作时间状语Entering the classroom, the students began to read English.一进教室，学生们就开始读英语。
（相当于As soon as/After they entered the classroom）2.作原因状语The girl doesn't feel like eating any food, being ill for a few days.这个女孩不想吃任何食物。
她已经病了几天了。
（相当于Because she has been ill for a few days或Because of her being ill for a few days）3.作条件状语Working hard, he will succeed in passing the English examination.如果他努力学习，他能通过英语考试。
（相当于从句If he works hard）4.作让步状语Being tired after work, he still insists on studying French.下班后很累，他仍然坚持学习法语。
（相当于Though he is tired after work或Though tired after work）5.作结果状语People all over the world sing the song, making it popular.全世界的人都唱这首歌，这使它流行起来。
（相当于so that they make it popular）6.作方式状语Travelling by car , we enjoyed many beautifull places.开车旅行时，我们欣赏了许多美丽的地方。
现在分词做状语 英语
现在分词做状语英语
现在分词可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、条件等。
通常现在分词作为状语时，放在句子的前面或后面，以修饰整个句子或其中的某个成分。
以下是几个例子：
时间状语：Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
（他完成了作业后，就去睡觉了。
）
原因状语：Feeling sick, she stayed home from work.
（因为感到不舒服，她没去上班。
）
方式状语：She read the book, carefully taking notes as she went along.
（她读书的时候，认真地做笔记。
）
条件状语：If you want to lose weight, exercising regularly and eating a healthy diet are essential.
（如果你想减肥，经常锻炼和健康饮食是必不可少的。
）
需要注意的是，现在分词作为状语时，要注意主句和分词之间的逻辑关系。
此外，现在分词也可以和其他的状语一起使用，例如连词and，or等。
现在分词作状语的用法讲解
现在分词作状语的用法讲解现在分词是英语语法中的一种重要的句法成分，在句子中可以作状语。
状语是限制句子的重要成分，可以修饰谓语动词、主语、宾语或整个句子，用来表示动作或状态的方式、过程、时间、条件等。
因此，要掌握现在分词作状语的用法是英语句子结构掌握的重要环节。
一、现在分词作状语的构成在英语中，现在分词作状语是由动词的不定式形式（to do）加上ing组成的。
现在分词作状语既可以表示动作发生的正在进行，也可以表示动作发生的频率，强调动作的状语成分。
二、现在分词作状语的用法1.表示正在进行的动作现在分词作状语，既可以表示动作的发生，也可以表示动作的进行。
表示动作的发生时，现在分词常与表示时间的时间状语一起使用，如these days，today，now等；表示动作的进行，现在分词常与表示动作发生的伴随动作或情况，以及表示动作发生的时间状语一起使用，如while，when，before，after等。
例如：We are studying English while listening to the teacher.我们在听老师讲话的同时，正在学习英语。
2.表示动作发生的频率现在分词作状语，也可以用来表示动作发生的频率。
此时，现在分词一般与表示动作发生的频率的时间状语，如often，always，seldom，rarely，sometimes，occasionally，hardly，never等一起使用。
例如：He is always playing computer games.他总是玩电脑游戏。
三、现在分词作状语的特殊情况1.在分词作独立主格结构在句子中，现在分词与主语之间也可以组成独立结构，即现在分词作独立主格结构，表示一种客观存在的状态。
此时，现在分词作独立主格结构，可以表示谓语动词所描述的动作发生的情况，也可以表示谓语动词的客观存在的状态。
Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
现在分词作状语独立主格结构讲义-高三英语二轮复习
高考英语语法应用讲解一、现在分词作状语在写作中的应用（一）现在分词做时间状语现在分词表示的动作和谓语动作同时发生或紧接着发生，就用一般式：Ving例句1:Hearing the good news, they all jumped with joy.听到这个好消息，他们都高兴得跳起来。
可以用时间状语从句替换：When they heard the good news, they all jumped with joy.例句2：Standing on the stage, a sense of tension welled up in my heart.站在舞台上，紧张感油然而生。
可以用时间状语从句替换：When I stood on the stage, a sense of tension welled up in my heart.仿写练习：看着这些照片，往日记忆涌上心头。
1.用现在分词作时间状语：_______________________________2.可以改为时间状语从句：_______________________________【答案】1.Seeing these photos, memories of those old days flooded into his mind2.When I saw these photos, memories of those old days flooded into his mind.在强调现在分词动作先于谓语动作时，用完成式：having doneeg:Having eaten her lunch, the girl rushed out.那女孩吃完了午饭就跑出去了.（先吃eat 后跑出rush out)Having thought about the present situation for a while, Roy decided to apologize to Jane .思考现状一会儿后，Roy 决定向Jane道歉。
现在分词短语作状语要点总结
现在分词短语作状语要点总结现在分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步或补充说明等不同含义。
Coming into the room, he found the books. 他一进屋就找到了书。
（时间）Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. 因为病了，他没有参加会议。
（原因）Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力就会成功。
（条件）The girls went out of the room, laughing and talking, 姑娘们又说又笑地走出房间。
（伴随）He came here running. 他跑着来到这里。
（方式）At he age of three, his mother died, leaving him an orphan. 他三岁时丧母，成了孤儿。
（结果）She went away, walking south. 她离开了，向南方走去。
（补充说明）由以上例句可以看出，分词短语作状语时，若表示时间、条件或原因，通常要放在句首；表示伴随（也可放在句首）、方式、结果或补充说明的分词短语，通常要放在句尾。
现在分词作状语时要注意以下六个要点：1. 现在分词可以与when, while, if ,though等连词一起使用，使状语意义更加明确。
如：Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路要当心。
If falling ill, I’ll stay home taking a good rest. 如果生了病，我要在家好好休息。
Though not understanding French, they had a very good time in Paris this summer. 虽然他们不懂法语，但是，今年夏天他们在巴黎过得很愉快。
2. 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常应与句子主语保持一致，也就是说句子的主语应是现在分词动作的执行者。
现在分词作状语
4. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _____ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. (福建2010) A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent
Having been translated ______________________into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world. ( translate ) Having finished _____________his homework , he went to bed. ( finish )
T
Practice
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
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教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同重点难点：1.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。
2.分词作状语时，要看它同句子主语之间的关系，以确定是现在分词还是过去分词。
3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定分词的时态形式4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式.5. 连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题）6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别。
7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语Step 1 lead in朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月Lowering my head, I dream tha t I’m home. 低头思故乡Step2 现在分词作状语的意义动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等，作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。
一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句(引导词有when ,while ) 温馨提示：1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。
2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时。
如：When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood.=Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。
As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy.=（0n）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。
二．-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。
(引导词有because ,as ,since)如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday=Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。
三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。
(引导词有if,unless,once)If you work hard, you will succeed.=Working hard, you will succeed.如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。
If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.=Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.如果你向左转，你就会找到到学校取得路。
四．表示让步，相当于让步状语从句（引导词有although,though,even if ,even though）Although they knew all this，they made me pay for the damage.= Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。
五．现在分词可以做方式状语、伴随状语，表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，是主语的另一个、较次要的动作，相当于一个由and引导的并列结构。
She came into the house,and carried a lot of books.=She came into the house, carrying a lot of books. 她捧着许多书走进了房间。
He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time.=He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
温馨提示：伴随状语出现的条件是由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个主语处于两种状态，或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态。
六．现在分词表示主句的动作所带来的必然结果，相当于一个并列谓语His father died, and left him a lot of money.=His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, and broke it into pieces.=She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，摔成了碎片。
Step 2考点解读分词作状语应注意的问题A. 分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。
动词的分词形式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。
Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. 走进教室，我发现里面没人。
（entering的逻辑主语是I，相当于when I entered the classroom, I found nobody in it.）如分词表示的动作不是句中主语发出或承受的，那就是误用。
课堂巩固练习：判断下列句子正误1. 从窗户看出去，我们看见一个漂亮的花园。
a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.2. 我看着晚报的时候，一只狗开始叫起来。
a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.3. 听到这个消息，我的眼泪忍不住流下来。
a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face.b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly.4.等公汽的时候，一块砖头砸在我的头上。
a. waiting for the bus , a brick fell on my head.b.waiting for the bus ,I was hit by a brick on the head.5.打开窗户，一只蝴蝶飞进来了。
a. Opening the window, a butterfly flew into my room.b. Opening the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my room.6.如果你努力学习，你的梦想一定会实现。
a.Working hard with a strong will, your dream will certainly come trueb.Working hard with a strong will, you'll certainly make your dream come true B. 独立结构分词的逻辑主语如不能和句子中的主语保持一致，该-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语，通常有名词或代词来担任,成为独立主格结构，独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等。
但要注意主格词和主句的主语不能表示同一概念，主格词和分词的动作是主谓关系结构是：形式：主格词+doing主格词+being +adjthere being +n,辨别正误因为天气好，我们下周将举行运动会。
a. Being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week.b. It being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week.练习：把下面句子改成独立主格形式1.If the weather permits, we’ll go out on an outing.=Weather permitting, we’ll go out on an outing.天气许可的话，我们就去郊游。
2. Because it is Sunday, we needn't go to school.=It being Sunday, we needn't go to school.因为是星期天，我们不需要上学。
3.Since there was no buses,we had to walk home .=There being no bus ,we had to walk home .因为没有车，我们不得不走回家。
4.As the boy led the way, we had no trouble finding the village.The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the village.因为有这个男孩带路，我们毫不费力地找到了这个村子。
小结：当主从句主语不一致时，分词和逻辑主语构成.独立主格.例如：Time permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. 天气允许的话，足球赛将在周五举行。
（permitting的逻辑主语是time，而不是the football match）The professor being absent ,the lecture had to be put off.教授缺席了，演讲不得不推迟。