2020届二轮复习阅读理解专题话题训练学案十三：健康

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阅读理解练习健康生活

阅读理解练习健康生活阅读理解是我们提升语言能力和阅读理解能力的重要训练方式之一。

通过阅读各种文章，我们可以学习新的知识，了解不同的观点和思想，并提高自己的阅读和理解能力。

在这篇文章中，我们将介绍一些关于健康生活的阅读理解练习。

第一篇：健康饮食饮食是健康生活的重要组成部分。

正确的饮食习惯可以保持身体健康，提供足够的营养和能量。

以下是一篇关于健康饮食的文章，请仔细阅读并回答问题。

健康饮食对于每个人来说都非常重要。

我们需要吃各种各样的食物，包括蔬菜、水果、谷物、蛋白质和健康脂肪。

这些食物提供我们所需的维生素、矿物质和纤维素。

问：健康饮食的重要性在哪里？答：健康饮食对于每个人来说都非常重要。

问：我们需要吃哪些食物？答：我们需要吃各种各样的食物，包括蔬菜、水果、谷物、蛋白质和健康脂肪。

问：这些食物提供了什么？答：这些食物提供了我们所需的维生素、矿物质和纤维素。

第二篇：适度运动除了健康饮食，适度运动也是保持健康生活的关键。

运动不仅可以增强肌肉力量，提高心肺功能，还可以降低患病风险。

以下是一篇关于适度运动的文章，请仔细阅读并回答问题。

适度运动对于身体和心理健康都非常重要。

每天进行一些简单的运动，如散步、慢跑或瑜伽，可以帮助我们保持良好的身体状态。

此外，适度的运动还可以减轻压力，增强免疫系统功能。

问：适度运动对身体和心理健康有哪些好处？答：适度运动对身体和心理健康都有益处。

问：每天进行哪些简单的运动可以帮助我们保持良好的身体状态？答：每天进行一些简单的运动，如散步、慢跑或瑜伽，可以帮助我们保持良好的身体状态。

问：适度运动还有什么其他好处？答：适度的运动还可以减轻压力，增强免疫系统功能。

结论：通过以上两篇文章的阅读理解练习，我们了解到健康饮食和适度运动对于保持健康生活非常重要。

正确的饮食和适度运动可以帮助我们获得所需的营养，改善身体状况，降低患病风险，并提高心理健康。

不管我们从事什么职业，都应该关注并努力实践健康生活方式，以获得更好的生活质量。

主题阅读关注你的健康——健康话题说明文阅读训练两则

主遗闯诀：关注你的健康——“健康”话题说明文阅读训练两则。

闫建华方志伟(一)不要盲目增加维生素C①维生素C是无数饮料和水果中的明星，它的确可以为人类健康起到许多帮助作用。

但是，现在有很多人盲目大剂量补充维生素C，自认为会对健康有益，还自以为不会有什么不良反应。

盲目补充维生素C真的没有不良后果吗?答案是否定的。

大剂量补充维生素C对于健康人不但无益，而且是很危险的。

②在国外，有一位农场工人，后来离开农场当上了一名搬运工，不久却出现容易疲劳、乏力等症状，还伴有牙龈肿痛、出血，皮下出血，关节肿大等，检查发现为维生素C缺乏引起的。

分析起日常食谱，却能提供充足的维生素C。

这是怎么一回事呢?原来，他在农场工作时，每天可以吃到大量新鲜水果和蔬菜，这些都含有丰富维生素C，于是造成体内维生素C依赖现象。

他换了工作后，虽然日常饮食也可提供维生素C，但由于体内仍然大量分解维生素C，普通饮食已不能保证需求，因此出现缺乏现象。

无独有偶，婴儿患维生素C缺乏病，有相当一部分与母亲孕期日服400毫克以上的维生素C有关。

离开母体后，婴儿维生素C的供给量急剧下降，于是出现缺乏现象，发生维生素C缺乏病。

⑨维生素C也称抗坏血酸，既能保持皮肤弹性，延缓衰老，又有助于清除人体垃圾，因此有“人体清洁工”的美称。

它能帮助减低臭氧、二氧化碳等空气污染物毒性，抵制膳食中有致癌作用的亚硝酸胺的合成，还具有降低血糖铅浓度的作用，是人体不可缺少的营养素之一。

不过，维生素C的每日摄取标准是60毫克，一天的补给完全可以在一杯橙汁(鲜榨汁)中获得。

只有孕产妇、乳母、老年人、吸烟者和有接受外科手术、精神高度紧张等特殊情况者，以及从事铅、寒冷、高温作业者等．对维生素C的需求才有所增加，如吸烟者需增加50％。

其他人盲目增加维生素C，不但没有必要，过量摄入甚至会危害健康。

④当摄入量在200毫克时，维生素C的利用率为l oo％，摄入量再高，利用率就会下降。

当达到1000毫克时，它可能会使健康人出现高尿酸尿症和高草酸尿症。

高考英语复习训练-阅读理解-医疗健康类(含解析)

C．To illustrate Zhong’s simple lifestyle.
D．To illustrate the local’s appreciation for her.
3．Why are Zhong’s diagnoses almost efficient?
A．Because she has advanced diagnose skills.
prescriptions that almost always seem to do the trick. When villages are on their work breaks, Zhong makes calls to
some who have chronic (长期的) diseases, such as high blood pressure, and diabetes.
4．What does the underlined word in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Disappeared.
B．Declined.
C．Established.
D．Confirmed.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一位年轻的医生钟晶，她定居在贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州龙场镇龙河村，为当地村民提供医疗服务。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“When a young physician appeared in a village to set up practice, she ran into a wall of distrust.”（当一位年轻的医生出现在一个村子里建立诊所时，她遇到了一堵不信任的墙。）可知，当她第一次出现在村里建立诊所时，村民并不太信任她，由此可知，当钟第一次出现在村里时，当地村民不太相信她。故选 B 项。

阅读理解(健康为话题)专项训练(五) 高考英语二轮复习

★A阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.An 11-month-old boy died in Georgia over the weekend when his grandparents forgot him in the car for two hours, according to police.Walker County Sheriff Steve Wilson said the boy’s grandparents were baby-sitting Saturday while the mother, who works the night shift, slept at home.According to Wilson, Kyle and Meta Hendershot took the baby to church in Chickamauga along with another one of their adult daughters and another grandchild, but when they returned home, Wilson said they forgot him in the car.That was at around 3 p.m., a time when the northwest Georgia heat hit 90 degrees. In those conditions, Wilson said "temperature in a closed vehicle can reach as high as 131 to 172 degrees in as little as 15 minutes."It was only when the boy's mother woke up and asked where her son was "that the grandparents realized that the child wasn't (inside)," according to Wilson. Despite attempts by the mother and then first responders to revive the child with CPR, he was pronounced dead at the hospital. No charges have been filed, but the death is being investigated by the Walker County Sheriff's Office, according to Wilson.The infant was the 19th child to die in the United States in 2015 because of being left inside a hot car, according to the Department of Meteorology & Climate Science at San Jose State University in California. Widespread attention was brought to the issue in 2014 after a Georgia father spent an entire day at the office while his nearly 2-year-old son was still strapped inside his car seat. Justin Ross Harris has pleaded not guilty to murder charges in the death of 22-month-old Cooper Harris.1. What was the baby’s mother doing when her child was taken out?A. She was having a rest.B. She was working the night shift.C . She was meeting police.D . She was staying in church.2. How many people go to the church together?A . 2B . 3C . 4D . 53. What caused the death of the baby?A .The hunger.B . The illness.C . The great heat.D . The lack of water.4. The underlined word “revive” in the fifth paragraph means__________.A . bring somebody back to lifeB . have ability to do somethingC . become interested in somethingD. get tired of doing something5. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to show ___________.A. people should pay attention to the safety of children in the carsB . it’s very common for the children to be trapped in the carsC . parents should be charged with murder if their children diedD . scientists at San Jose State University should face punishment★B阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.Spending too much time online can increase your risk of catching a cold or the flu. Those with greater levels of internet addiction are more likely to get ill, than those who spend fewer hours online.Researchers at the universities of Swansea and Milan believe the reason lies in the fact that people with an internet addiction have weakened immune systems. They said the lack of communication with other people and less time spent outside exposing themselves to germs played a role.Past studies have also found people who spend more time online experience greater sleep disorder, have worse eating habits, engage in less exercise and tend to smoke and drink more alcohol. These behaviors can harm their immune system and increase chance to diseases.Professor Phil Read said, “We found that the impact of the internet on people's health was independent of a range of other factors, like depression, sleep deprivation, and loneliness, which are associated with high levels of internet use and also with poor health.”Researchers surveyed 500 people aged 18 to 101 years old. They found that thosewho reported problems with much use of the internet also suffered more cold and flu symptoms than those who spent less time online. Around 40 per cent of the sample reported mild or worse levels of internet addiction — a figure which did not differ between males and females. People who had greater levels of internet addiction had around 30 per cent more cold and flu symptoms than those with less internet usage.And researchers found people who are addicted to the internet may suffer from great stress when they are disconnected from the net. This cycle of stress and relief associated with internet addiction may lead to changes in levels of cortisol, a hormone that impacts on the immune system.1. What did researchers at the universities of Swansea and Milan find?A. An internet addiction makes people stronger.B. The lack of communication helps people.C . Less being exposed to germs harms people.D . The immune system improves by itself.2. Which of the following is NOT the result of high levels of internet use?A . Mental depression.B . Sleep deprivation.C . Feeling lonely.D . Stopping smoke.3. How many people surveyed suffered from internet addiction?A . 500.B . 300.C . 200.D . 150.4. How do addicted people feel when they are stopped from computer?A . They would feel stressed.B . They would feel relieved.C . The would feel honoured.D . They would feel confused.5. What is the best title of the passage?A . How being addicted to the internet could make you sickB . What the young people can get from the internet aroundC . Which is the best way to stop people from surfing netsD . When the immune systems can become better and better★C阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.Do you find yourself reaching for just one more cup of coffee to get through the day? Are you tired of being tired? Instead of relying on things like coffee or sugar for energy, get happy by eating more foods that give you energy through nourishment. Here are 4 foods that can help improve your energy levels.Hemp SeedsA complete protein, rich in fiber and omega-3s, hemp is a great low-glycemic addition to any diet. The glycemic index (GI) is a measurement of how fast the carbohydrates in food are broken down into glucose and how much it will affect your blood sugar. Fiber, fat and protein all lower the GI of a food, which is why hemp seeds (along with nuts, seeds, whole grains and legumes) are low-glycemic. Look for hemp seed oil for salad dressing, and hemp seeds to be added into salads.Soaked AlmondsRaw almonds are nutrient dense, and soaking them unlocks higher nutrition potential. Soaking increases vitamin levels and removes the enzyme that slow down digestion. I soak my almonds in water overnight (at least eight hours) and then dry them.QuinoaIt is 20-percent protein, making it a balanced source of carbohyd rates. It’s gluten-free(无谷蛋白) and rich in B vitamins, which help change carbohydrates into energy in your body. Even if you feel like you’re too busy to make homemade meals, quinoa is a fast food that cooks in less than 15 minutes.Green TeaCaffeine from green tea feels steadier and less sharp than the spike and crash with caffeine from coffee. This is likely because green tea contains L-theanine, a kind of acid found in tea that helps promote relaxation.1. What is the aim of the writer to write the passage?A. Introducing four foods to make people energetic.B . Finding reasons why people need some coffee.C . Reaching for something to get through the day.D . Eating more foods to get more nourishments.2. How can hemp seeds be prepared?A. They can be cooked with the oil.B. They can be eaten with the nuts.C. The can be mixed with the salad.D . They can be used to measure GI.3. Why did the writer get Almonds soaked?A . It helped increase the enzyme.B . It helped release the nutrition.C . It helped make digestion slow.D . It helped lock nutrient dense.4. Which ingredient in green tea makes people feel relaxed?A . The omega.B . The enzyme.C. The carbohydrate.D . The L-theanine.5. From the fourth paragraph we can know _____.A. Quinoa is rich in proteinB . Quinoa includes much fiberC . Quinoa is easily cookedD . Quinoa has less sharp flavor★D阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案.Author Michael Pollan may have one of the hardest jobs: trying to help people make better food choices while battling junk-food marketers’ attempts to undermine his advice. The major problem he faces, as he told The Washington Post, is that marketers take his rules and use them against him.Buy products with five ingredients or fewer. Pollan says he and others have repeated the rule, “Don’t buy anything with more than five ingredients,” in hopes that people will purchase fresh produce and lean meats. Feeding off of this advice, though, Haagen Dazs started its five campaign. While the ice creams in this line have only five ingredients, those ingredients are high in sugar, fat, and calories. Plus, says Pollan, “They didn’t change anything…it was the same five ingredients they had before.” Pollan also discusses a commercial in which a woman compares Pringles to Tostitos, choosing the Tostitos chips because they have fewer ingredients. Both, however, are high-calorie, high-fat foods. The result is that the consumer is completely confused by clever marketingShop the edges of the supermarket. The advice to shop around the edges of the supermarket is supposed to lead shoppers toward fresh produce and lean meats, avoiding the fat processed foods in the middle aisles. But now, claims Pollan, makers of packaged food want to sell their products in that part of the supermarket as well.Supermarkets can make money by selling a variety of foods. “They can make as much money selling fresh produce as they can packaged goods,” Pollan says. Don’t buy anything advertised in commercials. “Anybody with that kind of marketing budget is selling packaged foods,” Pollan says.Pollan saw recently that Americans spend about 7 percent of their income on food. By contrast, China spends 33 percent of its income on food, France, 13.5 percent, and Japan, 14.2 percent. Americans seem to have this incapacity to spend more on food. He thinks it’s an enormous challenge. It wasn’t always this cheap. This was a matter of agriculture and technological breakthroughs.1. The underlined word “undermine” in the first paragra ph probably means _______.A . weakenB . strengthenC . enrichD . support2. Why did Pollan suggest people buy products with five ingredients or fewer?A. He wanted people to buy healthy foods.B . He wanted people to buy nutritious foods.C . He wanted people to buy packaged foods.D . He wanted people to buy colorful foods.3. When Pollan thought of the ice creams, he must feel ______.A . calmB . upsetC . curiousD . considerate4. What does the clever marketing do in order t o deal with Pollan’s strategies?A . They change the way of making food.B . They use fewer kinds of materials.C . They produce foods in many factories.D . They make the consumers believe them.5. According to the article, people can reduce the price foods by ______.A . shopping the edges of the supermarketB. buying a variety of goods in supermarketC. avoiding buying advertised foodsD. improving agricultural technology【答案】★A 1-5 ADCAA★B 1-5 CDCAA★C1-5 ACBDC★D1-5AABBD阅读理解(健康为话题)专项训练（五）2022届高考英语复习。

高考英语二轮复习：阅读——健康保健类(含答案)

高中英语阅读——健康保健类1、You know eating fruit and vegetables does good. But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found. Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers' skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids(类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age-related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange，it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被觉察）to others—and was seen as appealing.A camera measured changes to the skin's redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)—which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour—and beta-carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.【小题1】What do we know from the research?A．If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.B．People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.C．Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.D．The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.【小题2】Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids？A．They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays. B．They can prevent heart disease and cancer.C．They can keep you in good health.D．They can prevent age-related diseases.【小题3】Which of the statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．We've already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.B．We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.C．The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.D．Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect【小题4】Which can be the best title of the passage?A．Eating fruit and vegetables does good.B．Eating fruit and vegetables makes you look good.C．How to become attractive？D．Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids.2、Sleep deprivation(缺失)is an important hidden factor in lowering the achievement of school pupils, according to researchers carrying outinternational education tests.It is a particular problem in richer countries with sleep experts linking it to the use of mobile phones and computers in bedroom late at night. Sleep deprivation is such a serious problem that lessons have to be dragged down to a lower level to suit sleep-deprived learners, the study found. The international comparison, carried out by Boston College, found the United States to have the highest number of sleep-deprived students, with 73% of 9- and 10-year-olds and 80% of 13- and 14-year-olds identified by their teachers as being negatively affected.In literacy(读写能力) tests there were 76% of 9- and 10-year-olds lacking sleep. This was much higher than the international average of 47% of primary pupils needing more sleep and 57% among the secondary age group.Other countries with the most sleep-deprived youngsters were New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Australia, England, Ireland and France. High-performing Finland is also among the most lacking in sleep. Countries with the best records for getting enough sleep include Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Japan and Malta.The analysis was part of the huge date-gathering process for global education rankings, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study(TIMSS)and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study(PIRLS) “I think we underestimate the impact of sleep. Our data show that across countries internationally, on average, children who have more sleep achieve higher in maths, science and reading. That is exactly what our data show,” says Chad Minnich of the TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center.“It’s the same link for children who are lacking basic nutrition,” says Mr Minnich, based at the Lynch School of Education, Boston College. “If you are unable to concentrate, to attend mentally, you are unable to achieve at your best level, because your mind and body are in need of something more basic. Sleep is a fundamental need for all children. If teachers report such large proportions of children suffering from lack of slee p, it’s having a significantimpact. But worse than that, teachers are having to adjust their instruction based on those children who are suffering from a lack of sleep. The children who are suffering from a lack of sleep are driving down instruction.”That means that even the children who are getting enough sleep are still suffering from this sleep-related lowering.【小题1】What did the researchers of Boston College try to find?A．Why children don’t get enough sleepB．How many hours children sleep every nightC．The relationship between sleep and test resultsD．The relationship between sleep and health【小题2】Many children suffer from sleep deprivation because _________. A．they sit in front of the TV for too longB．they can hardly sleep soundly and deeplyC．their homework occupies too much of their timeD．modern technological devices consume a lot of their time【小题3】Which of the following countries has the most sleep-deprived students?A．Japan B．MaltaC．Finland D．Portugal【小题4】Why are children who get enough sleep also victims? A．Because they are disturbed by sleep-deprived studentsB．Because teaching is driven down by sleep-deprived students C．Because they have to spend time helping sleep-deprived students D．Because the teachers waste time disciplining sleep-deprived students3、The World Health Organization says there has been a sharp increase in the number of over-weight children in developing countries．In African countries, the WHO says the number of over-weight or obese children is twice as high as it was 20 years ago．Around the world, about 43 million childrenunder the age of five were overweight in 2013．Overweight and obese children are more likely to become overweight and obese adults．The condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases．Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development．He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often, which has a high sugar, fat and salt content．He also says people are gaining weight because of their lack of activities．They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot．The WHO experts say to lower obesity rates is especially complex in countries that also deal with high rates of infectious diseases．The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals and countries．The organization says you should lower your intake of fat, sugar, salt and processed food and eat more fruits, vegetables and increase physical activity．The WHO says these actions are especially important for children．And WHO expert Branca says mothers should breastfeed their babies for at least the first six months of life, if possible．More importantly, governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help．In his view, government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar, fat and salt．"Reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy．The goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries．" he adds．【小题1】What is the main idea of Paragraph l?A．Overweight children in developing countries have increased greatly．B．Children in developing countries generally weigh too much．C．The number of overweight children in the world has doubled．D．The World Health Organization has increased greatly．【小题2】According to Branca, people are becoming overweight because of their changes in_______A．school educationB．transportationC．physical conditionD．lifestyles【小题3】The underlined word “generate” in Paragraph 2 probably means______．A．cureB．causeC．worsenD．prevent【小题4】We can learn from the last paragraph that ______．A．babies breastfed aren’t likely to become overweightB．food producers should be stopped from marketing, food to children C．governments should play a necessary role in fighting obesityD．the number of overweight children decreases easily in wealthy countries4、Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers conclude that the French tend (易于) to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed (挤出) between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops andfarmers’ markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don’t Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity - or extreme overweight - among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject (拒绝) older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17% - and is growing.【小题1】In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola?A．They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.B．They regard eating as a key part of their life style.C．They squeeze eating between the other daily activities.D．They usually eat too much canned and frozen food.【小题2】This text is mainly about the relationship between ______. A．children and adults B．Americans and the FrenchC．life style and obesity D．fast food and overweight【小题3】Where does this text probably come from?A．A health report B．A book reviewC．A TV interview D．A food advertisement5、Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are sur rounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically（心理上的）and physically.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, weare not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.【小题1】From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.A．diet products fail to bring out people’s potentialB．people are fed up with diet productsC．people have difficulty in choosing diet productsD．diet products are misleading people【小题2】One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to_____.A．hesitate before they enjoy diet foodsB．pay attention to their own eating habitsC．watch their weight rather than their dietD．try out a variety of diet foods【小题3】The purpose of writing this passage is _________.A．to warn people of the side effect of diet productsB．to tell people how to lose weightC．to advise people to eat diet productsD．to introduce some diet products【小题4】Which of the following shows the structure（结构）of the passage?CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion6、In many sports, physical contact(身体接触) is part of the game. But when athletes hit their heads, the hit can cause concussions(脑震荡).Concussions have long been a concern for professional athletes, but they’ve become more common among young players too. Between 2001 and 2009, the number of kids under 19 visiting doctors for concussions each year increased by 62 percent.Engineers are developing new helmets(头盔), and new rules are limiting physical contact in some sports. But are these efforts enough to protect kids’ brains?Concussions can happen during many types of activities. But sports like football and soccer are especially risky. When you run or jump, your body is moving at an increased speed. A sudden hit causes you to move faster in adifferent direction.“It’s like when you’re in a bus and it makes a sudden stop,” says Dr. Kevin Crutchfield, an expert at a sports concussion center in Baltimore, Maryland. “You hit the inside of the bus.”This hit damages the brain. It affects the way the brain functions. So some sports require athletes to wear helmets. Helmets help reduce the force of a hit. The hard outer shell spreads the force of larger area. Inside a helmet, a plastic or air-filled lining also helps soften the blow.Steve Rowson is an engineer at Virginia Tech. In his lab, he tests how helmets hold up against different types of hits. No helmet can prevent concussions completely, says Rowson. But he’s found t hat when wearing a newer football helmet, the player’s head doesn’t gain speed as much after a hit. That lowers the risk of concussions.Many youth sports teams have set limits on physical contact to reduce the risk of concussions. In soccer, most concussions happen as a result of headers—shots or passes made with the head. That’s why many people think kids shouldn’t head the ball until high school.These efforts should help, says Crutchfield. But the best way to prevent long-term brain injuries, he says, is to stop playing immediately if you suffer concussion. “Protect yourself today so you can play again tomorrow.”【小题1】Concussions among young players ______.A．are rare before 2001B．seem extremely worryingC．cause kids to lose interest in sportsD．are mostly caused by wearing no helmets【小题2】The author mentions the sudden stop of the bus to _____. A．stress it’s dangerous to ride busesB．show human brains are easily damagedC．give a better explanation of concussionsD．remind people to wear helmets while playing sports【小题3】What does Steve Rowson think of the newer football helmets? A．They vary a lot in size.B．They work better than the old ones.C．They slow down the player’s running speed.D．They allow the players to move their heads more freely.【小题4】Dr. Crutchfield suggests that after receiving a concussion, young players should__.A．never head the ballB．avoid dangerous sportsC．play other kinds of sportsD．stop playing the sport for a while7、DLosing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper.There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, (认知功能) possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Yet, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attention. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% ofthe patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volu nteers who didn’t lose weight dropped even further.The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.【小题1】There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _____.A. believe overweight only affects our bodyB. have focused on ways to shar pen people’s mindC. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive abilityD. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions【小题2】The result of Gunstad’s study shows that ______.A. losing weight has little effect on people’s memoryB. losing weight can improve people’s mental functionsC. overweight people are likely to have psychology problemsD. overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly【小题3】What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?A. Slim people are smarter than overweight people.B. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.C. Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation.D. Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.【小题4】Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Body Weight and HealthB．Losing Weight by OperationC．Ways to Improve Mental FunctionsD．Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind8、D“We need carbohydrates, protein and fat — they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are like the match, the spark, for the fuel,” she explains. “We need them all, but in a v ery different proportions. And if the fuel isn’t there, the spark is useless.”【小题1】From the first paragraph we know that working women . A．think cooking is especially complicatedB．do not share the same views with registered dietitiansC．are busy and not interested in cookingD．are likely to eat healthfully【小题2】Orange juice is different from orange drink in that .A．it contains only a small percentage of real juiceB．it is natural, nutritious and prepared from real orangesC．it is largely orange-colored sugar waterD．it produces nothing but calories【小题3】In Paragraph 4, “a fruitless search” means .A．an effort with no resultsB．a search for a diet without fruitsC．a research on fruitless dietD．a diet serving as medicine9、DDo you love the holidays，but hate the pounds that follow? You are not alone. Holidays are times for feasting and celebrating. Many people are worried about their weight.With proper planning，though，it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays.Whether it is celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner，regard eating as a time for tasting a variety of the foods.The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.Here are some tips for preventing weight gain and maintaining physical fitness：Don't skip meals.Before you leave home，have a small，low-fat meal or snack.This may help to avoid getting too excited before delicious foods.Control e a small plate (about 10 inches) and put aside the large ones that may encourage you to “load up.” You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist. Once you have your “tasting” serving，move away from the buffet(自助餐). Doing so will make it less tempting to be eating constantly as your appetite is inspired by the sight of food.Begin with soup and fruit or vegetables. Fill up beforehand on water-based soup and raw fruit or vegetables. Or drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full.Stick to physical activity. Don't let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess calories.Avoid high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a largeamount of fat. Choose lean meats. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. Use lemon juice instead of dessert or butter.【小题1】Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．You had better turn your attention away from delicious foods. B．Drinking some water or soup before eating helps you eat less. C．Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may bring weight problems.D．Physical exercise can reduce the chance of putting on weight.【小题2】Which of the following CANNOT help lose weight according to the passage?A．Lean meats.B．Dessert or butter.C．Raw fruit or vegetables.D．Physical exercise.【小题3】Many people can't control their weight after the holidays mainly because they _______.A．can't help being tempted to eat constantlyB．take part in too many partiesC．enjoy delicious foodsD．can't help turning away from the foods【小题4】If the passage appears in the newspaper，you think it should belong to ______ Column.A．Holidays and FestivalsB．Health and FitnessC．Fashion and FrontierD．Student Times Club10、CParties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.At parties, more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation study, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too much of society is using smartphones while driving and as a result getting into car crashes. 34 percent of teens admit to text while driving, and they confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption. People's attachment to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send text messages in the presence of a friend, which sends a message to that friend the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartphone to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. Face-to-face conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run.As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their massages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The quality of this technology is de-advancing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact (交流) face-to-face but it is also lowering society's ability to communicate.【小题1】The purpose of this text is to ______.A．call for an end to use the smartphone while drivingB．appeal to us to pay attention to communication skillsC．express concern about the overuse of the smartphoneD．advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone【小题2】The second paragraph is developed by ______.A．giving examplesB．listing figuresC．comparing factsD．analyzing the effects【小题3】The author advocates us to make new friends ______.A．by using smartphonesB．in a face-to-face wayC．in different waysD．under a free circumstance【小题4】Over dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that ______. A．parties and gatherings limit their social circleB．people are more and more narrow-mindedC．people's communication skills are weakenedD．face-to-face communication becomes less important11、When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else seems blurry. Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become near-sighted. People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses, too.Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself, look at an object。

第十三章《健康地生活》精题解析及复习建议(北师大版初一下)

第十三章《健康地生活》精题解析及复习建议（北师大版初一下）本主题课标要求及复习建议【精题解析】例1:刘丽同学被狗咬伤了手指，她赶忙到防疫站注射了抗毒血淸疫苗。

你认为其中运用的生物学原理和注射的药物分不是（A.特异性免疫、抗体。

B.非特异性免疫、抗体。

C.特异性免疫、抗原。

D.非特异性免疫、抗原。

错选：A或B。

错因：误认为血淸中含有人体产生的抗毒蛋白质确实是抗体。

误认为血液是人体第二道防线，属于为非特异性免疫。

辨析：百、抗体是指抗原侵入生物体后，刺激生物体的免疫细胞产生的抗击该抗原的专门蛋白质。

抗原是外界侵入的，而抗体是自身免疫细胞产生的，依照概念 ''引起人体产生抗体的物质叫抗原"来判定，该药物中即使含有抗体，也引起人体重新产生了抗体，该药物应该是抗原。

g、非特异性免疫是生来就有的对多种抗原有防备作用的免疫，特异性免疫是只对某一种抗原有防备作用的免疫，产生抗体就属于特异性免疫。

正确答案：选C。

12・以下属于青春期的显箸特点的是（）例2、某地区发觉一种新的疾病。

开始的时候患病的人数不多，但却有不断增多的趋势，这些患者都有直截了当或间接相互接触的病史。

对此，以下看法不正确的选项是（）A 可能是一种遗传病B 这种病可能是由病原体引起的C 这种疾病具有传染性和流行性D 应设法赶忙将患者隔离【解析】此题要紧是考査学生对传染病的概念和特点的明白得和把握的程度，并以次为依据对各项进行审理和判泄。

依照提下知患者之间有直截了当或间接接触的病史。

患者人数有增长的趋势，讲明此病有传染性和流行性，由此可知这是一种传染病，而不是遗传病。

故B 、 C 、D 项正确，而A 项的看法是不正确的。

依照题意的要求A 项符合。

选A【典题演练】一、选择题1、禽流感期间，将在发觉禽流感区域的家禽全部杀死，这一措施属于（）A.操纵传染源B.消灭病原体C.切断传播途径D.爱护易感人群2、我国政府规左，入境人员都要进行检疫。

高三英语话题阅读复习专练《健康》练习试题及答案

Topic HealthReadingClass：Name：Group：No：Learning Objectives：1.Review the important words and expressions in the readingmaterial:2. Learn the reading skills: scanning and skimmingLearning Key Points：1.Grasp the important words and expressions in the readingmaterial2.Master the reading skills: scanning and skimmingLearning Difficult Points：Improve the reading abilityLearning Procedures：I.【Pre-class homework】Read the passage and choose the best answer(1)We’ve reached a strange—some would say unusual—point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people n ow die from being over weight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being under weight. It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.Worse, nearly l8 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be over weigh t. What’s going on?We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message isgetting through—up to a point.In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being over weight was its main cause. Not anymore. A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surger y of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. That has become a sort of fashion. No wonder it ranks as the world’s most body-conscious countr y.We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.Others blame good food. They say: it’s just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much American-style fast food.Some also blame their parents—their genes. But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape, or rather slim.It’s a similar stor y around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I say—not as I do. (NMET 2013湖北)59. What is the “strange”point mentioned in the first sentence?A. The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.B. Star vation is taking more people’s lives in the world.C. WHO report shows people’s unawareness of foodsafety.D. Over weight issue remains unreso lved despite WHO’sefforts.60. Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being over weight?A. A lot of effective diet pills are available.B. Body image has nothing to do with good food.C. They have been made fully aware of its dangers.D. There are too many over weight people in the world.61. The example of Finland is used to illustrate ______.A. the cause of heart diseaseB. the fashion of body shapingC. the effectiveness of a campaignD. the histor y of a body-conscious countr y62. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Actions or Excuses?B. Over weight or Under weight?C. WHO in a DilemmaD. No Longer Dying of Hunger(2)The morning had been a disaster. My tooth was aching, and I’d been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt: “The trouble with you is that you won’t put yourself in my place. Can’t you see things from my point of view?”I shook my head stubbornly—and felt the ache in my tooth. I’d thought I could hold out till my dentist ca me back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally, at about lunchtime, I got lucky.“If you come by right now,”the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.”I took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasn’t he as busy as the others?。

备战2020年中考阅读话题练习：饮食与健康(含答案) (2)

中考备考阅读话题练习：饮食与健康一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40分）AHealthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat, but how you eat. Here is some advice on healthy eating.Eat with others. It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty—sometimes you are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel full.Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don't eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You will be smarter after eating breakfast.Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.Don't eat dinner late. With our busy life, we always put off eating dinner until the last minute. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8-10 hours.1. The writer gives us pieces of advice on healthy eating.A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 72. Which snack is Not mentioned in the passage?A. Fruits.B. Yogurt.C. Chips.D. Ice cream.3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Snacks are bad for our health.B. We should keep eating until we are full.C. Dinner is the most important meal of the day.D. We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.4. The underlined(画线) word “digest” means “” in Chinese.A. 消化B. 享用C. 储存D. 循环5. The passage mainly tells us .A. where to eatB. how to eatC. why to eatD. when to eatBYou may not have heard the words "freshman fifteen" before, but they are important for students who are entering university. A freshman is a first-year college student. "Fifteen" means fifteen pounds—the fifteen pounds added to a student's weight in his or her first year. There are a number ofreasons why first-year university students gain(获得) weight; but it's encouraging to know that freshman don't have to add these harmful(有害的) fifteen pounds.Mistakes choosing foodUniversity kitchens serve many kinds of food. Some students choose unhealthy food, because now their parents are not nearby(在身边) to help them choose. Some students visit the kitchen many times while studying. Late at night, some students get harmful fast food such as hamburgers. Students also have less time for walking, running, and doing sports because of their schoolwork.Eating rightIf you're careful, you don't have to add fifteen pounds. Here are some ideas.● Think more about what you eat.● Eat plenty of vegetables and healthy meat.● Don't eat desserts(甜点) full of sugar; have fruit after dinner.● Try not to eat so much junk food (垃圾食品) while you study.● It's all right to have a little fast food sometimes—but not often.● Write down the food you eat.● Walk, run, do sports—Move and you will feel better!Remember that the "freshman fifteen" can happen to anyone. Talk to your friends about it. Together, try to eat healthy food and not eat junk food. Walking, running, and playing sports is always more fun with friends. Help each other and you can have a healthy and happy freshman year.6. The main idea of this reading is to .A. get students ready to gain fifteen poundsB. sell healthy food to new studentsC. help new university students not to gain fifteen poundsD. show the mistakes students make in choosing food7. The "freshman fifteen" is .A. weight that high school students can gain at schoolB. fifteen pounds of food that first-year students eatC. weight that first-year university students can gainD. fifteen students who eat junk food at university8. Which of these ideas about eating right is not talked about in the reading?A. Eating vegetables.B. Mixing(混合) vegetables and fruits.C. Having a little fast food.D. Writing down the food.9. Students eat unhealthy food because .A. their parents aren't nearby to helpB. they want to save more moneyC. they don't want to eat while they studyD. they don't like to eat desserts10. The writer of the passage would probably agree that .A. think little about what you eatB. students can eat whatever they likeC. gaining fifteen pounds can help you study betterD. friends can help you to eat right and live happilyCSometimes it may seem difficult to improve our health. If so, the following health habits may help you.Eat breakfast every morning.Research shows that if you eat a meal in the morning you may not become too fat or eat too much during lunch. Eating breakfast can help people feel better through the day.Get enough sleep.Poor sleep can influence our memory and learning. It can also cause traffic accident! Studies show that people who don't get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents. So stay safe and get enough sleep!Take a walk every day.Walking is an easy way to exercise. You'd better meet friends for a walk, not for a meal. As you walk, you will see the beautiful world around you. Once you try, you will find that adding a walk into your daily life is very easy.Join social groups.Social groups can provide support. They might include sport teams, art or music groups. The people in the group can offer advice and can help each other in difficult times. Also, being in a group keeps your mind busy. An active mind is a healthy mind!Have a hobby.A hobby could be running, reading or making something with your hands. Hobbies help people to relax and rest. Hobbies bring us joy as well.11. You may have a good memory and learn better if you .A. eat breakfast every morningB. have a good sleepC. take a walk every dayD. join a social group12. If you need help and want to help others, you'd better .A. invite your friend to a mealB. make something with your friendsC. become a member of a social groupD. have a hobby13. Which of the following is TRUE?A. If you have breakfast every morning, you'll be fat.B. All the traffic accidents are caused by poor sleep.C. To join a social group helps you have a healthy mind.D. Having a hobby is the best way to relax.14. The passage is mainly written for .A. students at schoolB. people who don't like runningC. students who never have breakfastD. people who want to improve health15. Which is the best title(标题) of the passage?A. Ways to Improve Your HealthB. Reasons for Keeping healthyC. Good HabitsD. Breakfast and ExerciseDThis March (2013), the H7N9 virus(病毒) hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. It seemed that most people who were infected(被感染) with H7N9 had the common flu. Some people suffered from a fever or a cough.Don't be afraid—it's not easy to be infected with the virus. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes.Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses.Cover your nose and mouth. When someone sneezes(打喷嚏) or coughs, flu viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air, so you'd better stand a proper distance(距离) while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough, and then clean your hands.Wear a mask(口罩). Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%, but if you don't wash your hands often, it's no use wearing a mask. And it's necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people.Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus.16. When did the H7N9 virus hit Shanghai?A. In March, 2013.B. In May, 2013.C. In March, 2012.17. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Some people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache.B. You should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough.C. Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 100%.18. How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.19. What does the underlined word "resist" mean in Chinese?A. 抵抗B. 传播C. 感染20. What's the main idea of this passage?A. It tells us how to wash hands.B. It tells us why we should use masks.C. It gives us some advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes.二、阅读与表达(混合式)（共10小题；共10分）AEveryone wants(想) to be healthy. You know food is very important. There is lots of healthy food. You can have more bananas, apples, oranges, 1.西红柿和土豆, because fruit and vegetables are good for you. But don't eat too much candy. It's not 2. (health) food. Healthy food can make you grow(成长) and make you 3.strong and happy. Remember there is a saying(谚语), "4.An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Sports can also keep you healthy. Get up early (早起床) and do some sports every day. Don't be lazy(懒惰的)! You will be healthy and happy.21. 将1处画线部分翻译成英语22. 用2处括号内单词的适当形式填空23. 短文中3处画线单词的汉语意思是 .A. 矮小的B. 不健康的C. 软弱的D. 强壮的24. 短文中4处画线句子可翻译为:A. 一天让医生吃一个苹果。

江苏专用2020版高考语文二轮复习考前三个月第一章核心题点精练专题四论述类文本阅读精练十三重要词语多

核心题点精练十三重要词语多重含义理解的关键点论述类文本是以阐明观点道理为主的文体，其观点道理有时浓缩在文中的重要词语中，也就是说通过对该词语含义的理解就可以把握文本的观点道理。

因此，江苏卷特别重视对重要词语含义的理解，以至于这类试题几乎每年都出现。

那么，解答这类试题的关键点在哪里呢？阅读下面的文字，完成文后题目。

患病，乃一种特殊境遇。

一个生病的人，无论肉体、意志和灵魂，皆坠入一种孤立、紊乱、虚弱的低迷状态，他对身体失去了昔日那亲密无间的熨帖和温馨的感觉，俨然被异质侵入，肉体被劈作了两瓣——污染的和清洁的，有毒的和安全的，忠实的与背叛的……美国医学家刘易斯·托马斯在《最年轻的科学——观察科学札记》中毫不隐讳地说：他对医生本人不患重症感到“遗憾”。

因为如果那样，医生本人就无法体会患者的恶劣处境，无法真切地感受一个人面临生命危难时的悲伤与恐惧，亦无法感同身受地去呵护、体恤对方。

读至此，我唏嘘不已。

没有比这种“角色亲历”更能对蒙昧的医学现实有帮助了。

体会做病人的感觉——这对履行医职乃多么重要的精神启示！它提醒我们，一名优秀的白衣人永远不能绕过患者的痛苦而直接楔入其躯体，他须在对方的感觉里找到自己的感觉，在对方的生命里照见自己的生命，于对方的痛苦中认出自己的那份——尔后，才能以最彻底和刻不容缓的方式祛除这痛苦。

托马斯的话给自己的岗位设定了一种积极的难度，一份严厉的心灵纪律，进而从人文的角度更近地帮助医学，提升其关怀质量。

它催促白衣人：以生命的名义，以全部的激情、理性和庄严努力工作吧！因为，拯救别人就是拯救自己，病人之现实亦即我们之现实，个体之命运即人类之命运。

(节选自王开岭《白衣人：当一个人痛苦地来见你》) 1．怎样理解文中画横线的“角色亲历”？答：________________________________________________________________________答案医生最好能在自己的生病经历中真切体验做病人的感受；医生对患者的痛苦要感同身受，在病人的痛苦中认出自己的那份责任；“角色亲历”是严厉的心灵纪律，体现了高尚的人文情怀。

【通用版】2020年中考英语二轮复习《阅读理解》精选试题 (3)

2020年中考英语：阅读理解精选题附答案第一篇（2019中考保健与健康类选练）A large number of people in the world eat fast food．Whenever you go into a fastfood restaurant, you can see lots of people enjoying their meals there．How do you know in which country people like fast food best?T he English people are the world’s biggest fans of fast food, while the French are the least interested in quick meals, according to a survey done last year．The survey of thirteen countries shows 45％of the English people say they can’t give up fast food b ecause it’s delicious. And 44％ of Americans and 37％ of Canadians say the same．The French, proud of their delicious and high-class cuisine, don’t like fast food．81％ of them think it is unhealthy, followed by 75％ of the Japanese．How about the Chinese? How often do you have hamburgers or fried chicken? It doesn’t matter whether you like Western fast food or Chinese food．The most important thing is to keep a balanced diet．( )1.From the survey we know ________ like fast food best．A. the ChineseB. the FrenchC. theJapanese D. the English( )2.The survey shows ________ of Americans like fast food．A. 37％B. 44％C.75％ D. 81％( )3.According to the survey, some people can’t give up fast food because ________．A. it’s cheapB. it’s safeC. it’sdelicious D. it’s healthy( )4.The underlined word “cuisine” in the passage means ________．A.foodB. houseC.water D. country( )5. The survey is about ________．A. Western countriesB. fast foodC. restaurants in the worldD.Chinese food参考答案1D 2B 3C 4A 5B第二篇When might you need to give blood(血) for a personality test? The answer is that you need to do so when you ask for a job.Some people believe that your blood group hides(隐藏) no secrets. It shows the “real you”. And the owners of certain blood groups might be particularly good or bad at certain tasks(任务). This is the very reasons of why you could be asked to offer your blood group before being given a job.The new idea was carried out first in Japan and now it has been brought over to other parts of the world. One important business company in Japan is quite special about this need:“For our office members, we must have 30 perc ent of group A and 15 percent of AB, 25 percent of O and 30 percent of B”.Do you happen to know your own blood group? It seems that if you belong to blood group O, you can get things done and sell the goods well. Blood group A are the thinkers, while blood group B are highly creative. And if you have problems, ask the ABs to solve them. So if you visited the Japanese company, you would find the O types out selling goods and A types keeping order in the office.1. According to the passage, __________.A. four types of the blood were discovered by JapanB. people of good blood might do their work very wellC. know your own blood group and you could get a good jobD. more and more countries have accepted the new idea about blood groups2. Creative persons, good salesmen, thinkers and problem solvers are the four kindsof persons needed by the Japanese company. The proportion mentioned in the passage is __________ respectively.A. 30%, 15%, 25% and 30%B. 30%, 30%, 25% and 15%C. 30%, 25%, 30% and 15%D. 25%, 15%, 30% and 30%3. People belonging to blood group B might be good at __________.A. sports and gamesB. smoothing away difficultiesC. doing office workD. painting and writing4. This passage seems to lead you to believe ____________.A. your blood group could affect your workB. blood types can never change your lifeC. the idea about blood groups has little scientific basisD. personality tests are exactly correct5. This passage is mainly about ___________.A. the origin of blood groupB. the effect of the blood group on personalityC. the secrets of blood groupsD. the new skill of hiring people参考答案1－5 DCDAB第三篇When you want to call a store or an office that you don’t call often, you may look the number up in a telephone book. You dial (拨) the number, and then you forget it! Your short-term (短期) memory last about 30 seconds. However, you don’t need to look in the telephone book for your best friend’s number because you already know it. This information is in your long-term memory. Your long-term memory has everything that you remember through the years.Why do you forget things sometimes? There are several reasons. An important reason for forgetting something is that you didn’t learn it well in the beginning. For example, you meet some new people, and soon you forget their names. You hear the names but youdon’t learn them, so you forget them.You can help yourself remember better. Move information from your short-term memory to your long-term memory. You can do this if you practise the new information for more times.1. Why do you forget the telephone number that you don’t call often?A. Because the telephone number is too long.B. Because the telephone number is very strange.C. Because you look it up in the telephone book.D. Because you use your short-term memory to remember it.2. Which is easier to forget?A. Your best friend’s name.B. Something that you understand.C. The new information that you have practised a lot.D. Something that you didn’t learn well in the beginning.3. How long does a person’s short-term memory last?A. About half a second.B. About half a minute.C. About half an hour.D. About half a day.4. What’s helpful for you to remember better?A. Learn something well in the end.B. Look something up often.C. Use your short-term memory to learn things.D. Move information from your short-term memory to your long-term memory.5. The writer mainly wants to tell us some ideas on how to _______.A. keep something in mind longB. learn a foreign language wellC. make a telephone callD. remember a person’s name参考答案1—5 DDBDA第四篇Are you tired of paying lots of money for your textbooks every year? Wouldn't you rather buy cheap textbooks so that you can have more money to buy that great pair of jeans，travel more often instead of staying at home all the time，or just havea little more spending money? When you come to , you can save money by buying cheap new and used textbooks and by renting textbooks for school.You can also sell your used textbooks at whether you bought your books there or not.By being a smart buyer and saving money on textbooks at , you'll have more money for the things in life that can't be learned from a textbook.The Amazon Textbooks Store allows you to shop online and buy all your textbooks without leaving your house.You can buy or rent many kinds of new and used textbooks，and etextbooks.Don't worry.It has textbooks on many subjects，from biology and chemistry to English，art and math.Once you don't need your textbooks any more，you can sell them at the store and get 30% off when you buy new books here.The shop also offers up to 90% discount on used textbooks，which can help you save a lot of money，as well as offering good prices on new textbooks.The textbooks are sent to your house，which saves you both time and money.Then，using the money you save，you can treat yourself to a designer purse or a new video game.( )6. How many ways are there to save money at ?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.D. Six.( )7. If Linda pays 35 dollars for the used textbooks, the original price of the books will be ______.A. 45 dollarsB. 50 dollarsC. 100 dollarsD. 350 dollars( )8. What does the underlined word “discount” mean in Chinese?A．提成B．免费C．信誉D．折扣( )9. Which of the following is NOT true?A．Textbooks usually cost a lot of money. B．Textbooks at cost less. C．The shop doesn't offer etextbooks. D．The shop can send your books to your house.( )10. The purpose of this passage is to introduce us ______.A．to buy or sell textbooks at B．to save money to buy more textbooks C．to shop online to make money D．to use etextbooks instead of buying traditional textbooks参考答案6～10 A B D C A第五篇One afternoon, Mrs. Green’s husband wanted to catch the 3: 30 flight to London to have an important meeting. She was very surprised when he telephoned her at 5 o’clock and said that he was still at the airport.“What happened to you? ” asked Mrs. Green.“Well, ” said Mr. Green, “Everything was going fine. I got my ticket, checked my bag and waited in line. I walked across the runway(跑道) to the airplane and I saw my friend Jack Scott, who was an airplane engineer. I shouted to him and a policeman caught me. ”“Why did he catch you? ”“I don’t know, ” said Mr. Green, “As soon as he heard my shout, he ran towards me and caught me. ”“What did you shout to your friend? ”“All I said was ‘Hi，Jack’. You know that’s the usual way we say hello to our friends. ”“But you don’t know the sentence ‘Hi, Jack’ also means to take control(控制) ofa plane by force(武力). ”1. How did Mr. Green want to go to London? _______.A. By trainB. By busC. By shipD. By airplane2. Why was Mrs. Green surprised? _______.A. Because her husband didn’t arrive at the airport in timeB. Because her husband didn’t want to go to LondonC. Because her husband was still at the airport at 5 o’clockD. Because her husband’s friend didn’t let him go3. When did Mr. Green get to the airport that afternoon? _______.A. After 3: 30B. Before 3: 30C. At about 5: 00D. After 5: 004. What was Jack Scott in the passage? _______.A. He was a pilotB. He was a policeman at the airportC. He was a passengerD. He was an engineer5. According to the passage we know _______.A. the policeman mistook (误解)what Mr. Green saidB. Mr. Green would take control of a plane by forceC. Jack Scott asked Mr. Green not to fly to LondonD. Mr. Green was an engineer1.【解析】选D。

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2020届二轮复习阅读理解专题话题训练学案十三：健康Part A ReadingPassage 1题材:睡眠问题词数:304建议时间:8分钟Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up st year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7 to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day!Adults need about eight hours.For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的).But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10 to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours.And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime?Watch TV.“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr.Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.Otherexperts say part of the problem is chemical.Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to.Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am.Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.1.What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A.Amer ican kids’ sleeping habits.B.Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases.C.Activities to prevent sleeplessness.D.Learning problems and lack of sleep.2.How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?A.7 hours.B.8 hours.C.10 hours.D.18 hours.3.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?A.They are affected by certain body chemicals.B.They tend to do things that excite them.C.They follow their parents’ examples.D.They don’t need to go to school early.Passage 2题材:健康生活词数:192建议时间:9分钟“You are what you eat,” goes the common English saying.But actually, you are what you drink.Why? Because 75 percent of your body is water!1When we don’t give our bodies enough water, our organs cannot work properly.We are also easier to catch diseases.When we are sick, drinking plenty of water should be one of the first things we do. 2Is your body asking for more water?If you experience headaches, sleeplessness, allergies (过敏) or dizziness (头昏眼花), your body might be telling you to drink more water.3Even problems such as nervousness or forgetfulness can be caused by lack of water.In addition, the medicines that treat these illnesses can sometimes dry out your body further.The more water you are lacking in, the worse your health will be—no matter how much medicine you take.4Helpful tipsTry these tips to help yourself drink more water.•Don’t wait until you are thirsty to drink.5•Plan to have enough water.•Carry a bottle of pure water with you wherever you go.•Don’t hesitate by frequent trips to the toilet.A.Drink water regularly and drink each time.B.All kinds of drink will contribute to your health.C.If you’re thirsty, you’re already lack of water.D.Then, we should take drugs and have a good rest.ck of water may be the real reason for your sickness.F.Therefore, it is important to listen to your body when it asks for a drink!G.With this fact in mind, it’s no surprise that drinking enough water is crucial for good health.Passage 3题材:健康生活词数:289建议时间:8分钟There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.Some people believe that they can’t help putting on weight as they get older,while others hold that if they stop exercising,their muscles will turn into fat.Here are some more myths:I’ll never lose weight—I come from a fat family.Wrong!While we can’t change the body type we are born with,we can’t blame our genes for making us fat.There’s plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families,and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.I am fat because I burn calories slowly.Wrong!Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢).In fact,although fat people consume more energy than slim people,they also fail to realize how much they eat!Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.Exercise is boring.Wrong!Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that’s fun as well as progressive.If you enjoy a Sunday walk,take a different route.If you do yoga,try a tai chi class.If you like swimming,set yourself a distance or time challenge.No pain,no gain.Wrong!Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed,pain is your body telling you something’s wrong,and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly,but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly.If they don’t,rest and seek medical advice.1.What does the author think about being fat?A.It is the family genes that make people fat.B.People are fat because they consume too little energy.C.A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.D.It is the consequence of people’s unbalanced lifestyle.2.According to the author,how can we make exercise more interesting?A.By taking varied exercise.B.By choosing simple exercise.C.By doing regular exercise.D.By sticking to outdoor exercise.3.What is the author’s opinion about “No pain,no gain” in exercising?A.Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.B.Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.C.Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.D.Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.4.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To declare the importance of keeping fit.B.To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.C.To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.D.To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.Part B Writing一、话题语料积累1.话题词汇积累①[ˈdɒktə]n.医生②[nɜːs]n.护士③[ˈpeɪʃnt]n.病人④[fɪˈzɪʃn]n.医生,内科医生⑤[ˈsɜːdʒən]n.外科医生⑥[ˈspeʃəlɪst]n.专科医生⑦[ˈdentɪst]n.牙医⑧[ˈæmbjələns]n.救护车⑨[ˈhɒspɪtl]n.医院⑩[ˈklɪnɪk]n.门诊部,诊所[wɔːd]n.病房[ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi]n.紧急情况[ˈtæblət]n.药片,片剂[pɪl]n.药丸,丸剂[ˈbændɪdʒ]n.绷带[ˈmedsn]n.医学,药物[ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn]n.检查[keɪs]n.病例[ˈresəpi]n.食谱,处方[prɪˈskrɪpʃn]n.处方,处方药[ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]n.手术[ˌsɪɡəˈret]n.香烟[blʌd]n.血液[ˈvaɪrəs]n.病毒[ˈɪlnəs]n.疾病[helɵ]n.健康[ˈsɪmptəm]n.症状[kəʊld]n.感冒[dɪˈziːz]n.疾病[ˈkænsə]n.癌症[kɒf]n.咳嗽[fluː]n.流感[ˈhedeɪk]n.头痛[ˈɪndʒəri]n.受伤,损伤[ˈfiːvə(r)]n.发烧[ˌəʊvəˈweɪt]adj.超重的[ˈbækeɪk]n.背疼[wuːnd]n.创伤,伤口[ˈtuːɵeɪk]n.牙痛[ˈtemprətʃə]n.温度,体温n.血压[pʌls]n.脉搏[dɪˈpreʃn]n.抑郁症[strəʊk]n.中风[fəˈti:g]n.疲劳2.话题佳句积累①(take) exercise helps you stronger and healthier. 锻炼有助于你身体更强壮更健康。