MAX7219中文资料
MAX7219中文资料
_______________General DescriptionThe MAX7219/MAX7221 are compact, serial input/out-put common-cathode display drivers that interface microprocessors (µPs) to 7-segment numeric LED dis-plays of up to 8 digits, bar-graph displays, or 64 indi-vidual LEDs. Included on-chip are a BCD code-B decoder, multiplex scan circuitry, segment and digit drivers, and an 8x8 static RAM that stores each digit.Only one external resistor is required to set the seg-ment current for all LEDs. The MAX7221 is compatible with SPI™, QSPI™, and Microwire™, and has slew-rate-limited segment drivers to reduce EMI.A convenient 3-wire serial interface connects to all common µPs. Individual digits may be addressed and updated without rewriting the entire display. The MAX7219/MAX7221 also allow the user to select code-B decoding or no-decode for each digit.The devices include a 150µA low-power shutdown mode, analog and digital brightness control, a scan-limit register that allows the user to display from 1 to 8digits, and a test mode that forces all LEDs on.________________________ApplicationsBar-Graph Displays 7-Segment Displays Industrial Controllers Panel Meters LED Matrix Displays____________________________Featureso 10MHz Serial Interfaceo Individual LED Segment Control o Decode/No-Decode Digit Selectiono 150µA Low-Power Shutdown (Data Retained)o Digital and Analog Brightness Control o Display Blanked on Power-Up o Drive Common-Cathode LED Display o Slew-Rate Limited Segment Drivers for Lower EMI (MAX7221)o SPI, QSPI, Microwire Serial Interface (MAX7221)o 24-Pin DIP and SO PackagesMAX7219/MAX7221Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit LED Display Drivers________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products1________Typical Application Circuit__________________Pin Configuration19-4452; Rev 3; 7/97SPI and QSPI are trademarks of Motorola Inc. Microwire is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corp.For free samples & the latest literature: , or phone 1-800-998-8800.For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.M A X 7219/M A X 72212_______________________________________________________________________________________ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V+ = 5V ±10%, R SET = 9.53k Ω±1%, T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted.)Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.Voltage (with respect to GND)V+............................................................................-0.3V to 6V DIN, CLK, LOAD, CS ...............................................-0.3V to 6V All Other Pins.............................................-0.3V to (V+ + 0.3V)CurrentDIG0–DIG7 Sink Current................................................500mA SEGA–G, DP Source Current.........................................100mA Continuous Power Dissipation (T A = +85°C)Narrow Plastic DIP..........................................................0.87W Wide SO..........................................................................0.76W Narrow CERDIP.................................................................1.1WOperating Temperature RangesMAX7219C_G/MAX7221C_G ..............................0°C to +70°C MAX7219E_G/MAX7221E_G............................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°CMAX7219/MAX7221_______________________________________________________________________________________3ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(V+ = 5V ±10%, R SET =9.53k Ω±1%, T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted.)M A X 7219/M A X 72214_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics(V+ = +5V, T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)730750740770760790780800820810830 4.04.44.85.25.66.0SCAN FREQUENCY vs. POSITIVE SUPPLY VOLTAGEM A X 7219/21 01POSITIVE SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)S C A N F R E Q U E N C Y (H z )20104030605070012345SEGMENT DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENTvs. OUTPUT VOLTAGEOUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)O U T P U T C U R R E N T (m A )MAX7219SEGMENT OUTPUT CURRENTM A X 7219/21 035µs/div10mA/div0MAXIMUM INTENSITY = 31/32MAX7221SEGMENT OUTPUT CURRENTM A X 7219/21 045µs/div10mA/divMAXIMUM INTENSITY = 15/16MAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________Pin Description_________________________________________________________Functional DiagramM A X 7219/M A X 72216______________________________________________________________________________________________________Detailed DescriptionMAX7219/MAX7221 DifferencesThe MAX7219 and MAX7221 are identical except fortwo parameters: the MAX7221 segment drivers are slew-rate limited to reduce electromagnetic interfer-ence (EMI), and its serial interface is fully SPI compati-ble.Serial-Addressing ModesFor the MAX7219, serial data at DIN, sent in 16-bit packets, is shifted into the internal 16-bit shift register with each rising edge of CLK regardless of the state of LOAD. For the MAX7221, CS must be low to clock data in or out. The data is then latched into either the digit or control registers on the rising edge of LOAD/CS .LOAD/CS must go high concurrently with or after the 16th rising clock edge, but before the next rising clock edge or data will be lost. Data at DIN is propagated through the shift register and appears at DOUT 16.5clock cycles later. Data is clocked out on the falling edge of CLK. Data bits are labeled D0–D15 (Table 1).D8–D11 contain the register address. D0–D7 contain the data, and D12–D15 are “don’t care” bits. The first received is D15, the most significant bit (MSB).Digit and Control RegistersTable 2 lists the 14 addressable digit and control regis-ters. The digit registers are realized with an on-chip,8x8 dual-port SRAM. They are addressed directly so that individual digits can be updated and retain data as long as V+ typically exceeds 2V. The control registers consist of decode mode, display intensity, scan limit (number of scanned digits), shutdown, and display test (all LEDs on).Shutdown ModeWhen the MAX7219 is in shutdown mode, the scan oscil-lator is halted, all segment current sources are pulled to ground, and all digit drivers are pulled to V+, thereby blanking the display. The MAX7221 is identical, except the drivers are high-impedance. Data in the digit and control registers remains unaltered. Shutdown can be used to save power or as an alarm to flash the display by successively entering and leaving shutdown mode. For minimum supply current in shutdown mode, logic inputs should be at ground or V+ (CMOS-logic levels).Typically, it takes less than 250µs for the MAX7219/MAX7221 to leave shutdown mode. The display driver can be programmed while in shutdown mode, and shutdown mode can be overridden by the display-test function.Figure 1. Timing DiagramTable 1. Serial-Data Format (16 Bits)Initial Power-UpOn initial power-up, all control registers are reset, the display is blanked, and the MAX7219/MAX7221 enter shutdown mode. Program the display driver prior to display use. Otherwise, it will initially be set to scan one digit, it will not decode data in the data registers, and the intensity register will be set to its minimum value.Decode-Mode RegisterThe decode-mode register sets BCD code B (0-9, E, H,L, P, and -) or no-decode operation for each digit. Each bit in the register corresponds to one digit. A logic high selects code B decoding while logic low bypasses the decoder. Examples of the decode mode control-regis-ter format are shown in Table 4.When the code B decode mode is used, the decoder looks only at the lower nibble of the data in the digit registers (D3–D0), disregarding bits D4–D6. D7, which sets the decimal point (SEG DP), is independent of the decoder and is positive logic (D7 = 1 turns the decimal point on). Table 5 lists the code B font.When no-decode is selected, data bits D7–D0 corre-spond to the segment lines of the MAX7219/MAX7221.Table 6 shows the one-to-one pairing of each data bit to the appropriate segment line.MAX7219/MAX7221Table 3. Shutdown Register Format (Address (Hex) = XC)Table 4. Decode-Mode Register Examples (Address (Hex) = X9)M A X 7219/M A X 7221Intensity Controland Interdigit BlankingThe MAX7219/MAX7221 allow display brightness to be controlled with an external resistor (R SET ) connected between V+ and ISET. The peak current sourced from the segment drivers is nominally 100 times the current entering ISET. This resistor can either be fixed or vari-able to allow brightness adjustment from the front panel. Its minimum value should be 9.53Ω, which typi-cally sets the segment current at 40mA. Display bright-ness can also be controlled digitally by using the intensity register.Digital control of display brightness is provided by an internal pulse-width modulator, which is controlled by the lower nibble of the intensity register. The modulator scales the average segment current in 16 steps from a maximum of 31/32 down to 1/32 of the peak current set by R SET (15/16 to 1/16 on MAX7221). Table 7 lists the intensity register format. The minimum interdigit blank-ing time is set to 1/32 of a cycle.8_______________________________________________________________________________________Table 5. Code B FontTable 6. No-Decode Mode Data Bits and Corresponding Segment Lines*The decimal point is set by bit D7 = 1Scan-Limit RegisterThe scan-limit register sets how many digits are dis-played, from 1 to 8. They are displayed in a multiplexed manner with a typical display scan rate of 800Hz with 8digits displayed. If fewer digits are displayed, the scan rate is 8f OSC /N, where N is the number of digitsscanned. Since the number of scanned digits affects the display brightness, the scan-limit register should not be used to blank portions of the display (such as leading zero suppression). Table 8 lists the scan-limit register format.MAX7219/MAX7221_______________________________________________________________________________________9Table 7. Intensity Register Format (Address (Hex) = XA)Table 8. Scan-Limit Register Format (Address (Hex) = XB)*See Scan-Limit Register section for application.M A X 7219/M A X 7221If the scan-limit register is set for three digits or less,individual digit drivers will dissipate excessive amounts of power. Consequently, the value of the R SET resistor must be adjusted according to the number of digits dis-played, to limit individual digit driver power dissipation.Table 9 lists the number of digits displayed and the corresponding maximum recommended segment cur-rent when the digit drivers are used.Display-Test RegisterThe display-test register operates in two modes: normal and display test. Display-test mode turns all LEDs on by overriding, but not altering, all controls and digit reg-isters (including the shutdown register). In display-test mode, 8 digits are scanned and the duty cycle is 31/32(15/16 for MAX7221). Table 10 lists the display-test reg-ister format.No-Op RegisterThe no-op register is used when cascading MAX7219s or MAX7221s. Connect all devices’ LOAD/CS inputs together and connect DOUT to DIN on adjacent devices. DOUT is a CMOS logic-level output that easily drives DIN of successively cascaded parts. (Refer to the Serial Addressing Modes section for detailed infor-mation on serial input/output timing.) For example, if four MAX7219s are cascaded, then to write to thefourth chip, sent the desired 16-bit word, followed by three no-op codes (hex XX0X, see Table 2). When LOAD/CS goes high, data is latched in all devices. The first three chips receive no-op commands, and the fourth receives the intended data.__________Applications InformationSupply Bypassing and WiringTo minimize power-supply ripple due to the peak digit driver currents, connect a 10µF electrolytic and a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor between V+ and GND as close to the device as possible. The MAX7219/MAX7221 should be placed in close proximity to the LED display, and connections should be kept as short as possible to minimize the effects of wiring inductance and electro-magnetic interference. Also, both GND pins must be connected to ground.Selecting R SET Resistor andUsing External DriversThe current per segment is approximately 100 times the current in ISET. To select R SET , see Table 11. The MAX7219/MAX7221’s maximum recommended seg-ment current is 40mA. For segment current levels above these levels, external digit drivers will be need-ed. In this application, the MAX7219/MAX7221 serve only as controllers for other high-current drivers or tran-sistors. Therefore, to conserve power, use R SET = 47k Ωwhen using external current sources as segment dri-vers.The example in Figure 2 uses the MAX7219/MAX7221’s segment drivers, a MAX394 single-pole double-throw analog switch, and external transistors to drive 2.3”AND2307SLC common-cathode displays. The 5.6V zener diode has been added in series with the decimal point LED because the decimal point LED forward volt-age is typically 4.2V. For all other segments the LED forward voltage is typically 8V. Since external transis-tors are used to sink current (DIG 0 and DIG 1 are used as logic switches), peak segment currents of 45mA are allowed even though only two digits are displayed. In applications where the MAX7219/MAX7221’s digit dri-vers are used to sink current and fewer than four digits are displayed, Table 9 specifies the maximum allow-able segment current. R SET must be selected accord-ingly (Table 11).Refer to the Power Dissipation section of the Absolute Maximum Ratings to calculate acceptable limits for ambient temperature, segment current, and the LED forward-voltage drop.10______________________________________________________________________________________Table 9. Maximum Segment Current for 1-, 2-, or 3-Digit DisplaysTable 10. Display-Test Register Format (Address (Hex) = XF)Note: The MAX7219/MAX7221 remain in display-test mode (all LEDs on) until the display-test register is reconfigured for normal operation.Computing Power DissipationThe upper limit for power dissipation (PD) for the MAX7219/MAX7221 is determined from the following equation:PD = (V + x 8mA) + (V+ - V LED )(DUTY x I SEG x N)where:V+ = supply voltageDUTY = duty cycle set by intensity register N = number of segments driven (worst case is 8)V LED = LED forward voltageI SEG = segment current set by R SET Dissipation Example:I SEG = 40mA, N = 8, DUTY = 31/32, V LED = 1.8V at 40mA, V+ = 5.25V PD = 5.25V(8mA) + (5.25V - 1.8V)(31/32 x 40mA x 8) = 1.11WThus, for a CERDIP package (θJA = +60°C/W from Table 12), the maximum allowed ambient temperature T A is given by:T J(MAX)= T A + PD x θJA + 150°C = T A +1.11W x60°C/Wwhere T A = +83.4°C.Cascading DriversThe example in Figure 3 drives 16 digits using a 3-wire µP interface. If the number of digits is not a multiple of 8, set both drivers’ scan limits registers to the same number so one display will not appear brighter than the other. For example, if 12 digits are need, use 6 digits per display with both scan-limit registers set for 6 digits so that both displays have a 1/6 duty cycle per digit. If 11 digits are needed, set both scan-limit registers for 6digits and leave one digit driver unconnected. If one display for 6 digits and the other for 5 digits, the sec-ond display will appear brighter because its duty cycle per digit will be 1/5 while the first display’s will be 1/6.Refer to the No-Op Register section for additional infor-mation.MAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________________________________11Table 11. R SET vs. Segment Current and LED Forward VoltageTable 12. Package Thermal Resistance DataM A X 7219/M A X 722112______________________________________________________________________________________Figure 2. MAX7219/MAX7221 Driving 2.3-Inch DisplaysMAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________________________________13Figure 3. Cascading MAX7219/MAX7221s to Drive 16 7-Segment LED DigitsM A X 7219/M A X 722114_______________________________________________________________________________________Ordering Information (continued)___________________Chip TopographySEG FSEG ACLK LOAD OR CS DIG 1DIG 5GNDGNDDIG 7DIG 3DIG 2DIG 60.093"(2.36mm)0.080"(2.03mm)SEG B ISET SEG ESEG DP SEG CSEG G DIG 4DIG 0DIN DOUT SEG DTRANSISTOR COUNT: 5267SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO GNDMAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________________________________15________________________________________________________Package InformationM A X 7219/M A X 7221___________________________________________Package Information (continued)Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.16____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600©1997 Maxim Integrated ProductsPrinted USAis a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.。
串行LED显示驱动器MAX7219及其应用
串行L ED显示驱动器M AX7219及其应用胡奕明(空军工程大学工程学院研究生大队 西安 710038)摘 要 阐述了新型显示驱动芯片M A X7219的基本工作原理和软件设计方法。
该芯片功能强大、编程简单、控显可靠,可广泛用于工业控制器等方面的数码显示驱动。
关键词 显示驱动器 串行发送 M A X72191 概 述M A X7219是美国M A X I M公司生产的串行输入 输出共阴极显示驱动器。
该芯片可直接驱动最多8位7段数字L ED显示器,或64个L ED和条形图显示器。
它与微处理器的接口非常简单,仅用3个引脚与微处理器相应端连接即可实现最高10M H z 串行接口。
M A X7219的位选方式独具特色,它允许用户选择多种译码方式译码选位,而且,每个显示位都能个别寻址和刷新,而不需要重写其他的显示位,这使得软件编程十分简单且灵活。
另外,它具有数字和模拟亮度控制以及与M O TOROLA SP I, Q SP I及M A T I ONAL M I CROW I R E串行口相兼容等特点。
2 引脚说明该芯片采用24脚D IP和SO封装,工作电压410～515V,最大功耗111W。
引脚说明见表1。
3 基本工作原理及使用方法M A X7219与8031单片机连接采用三线串行接口,典型应用电路如图1。
对于M A X7219,串行数据是以16位数据包的形式从D in脚串行输入,在CL K的每一个上升沿一位一位地送入芯片内部16位移位寄存器,而不管L out脚的状态如何。
L oad脚必须在第16个CL K上升沿出现的同时或之后,但在下一个CL K上升沿之前变为高电平,否则移入的数据将丢失。
表1 引脚说明引脚号名称功能说明1D in串行数据输入端。
在CL K的上升沿数据被锁入芯片内部16位移位寄存器2,3,5～8,10,11D IG0～D IG78位L ED位选线,从共阴极L ED中吸入电流4,9GND地线(两个GND必须接在一起)12L oad锁入输入的数据。
MAX7219
多功能LED译码显示驱动IC PS7219 1 引言PS7219是由力源公司自行研制、开发的一款新型多功能8位LED显示驱动IC。
接口采用三线SPI方式，用户只需简单修改内部相关的控制或数字RAM，便可很容易地实现多位LED显示。
在性能上PS7219与MAXIM 公司的MAX7219完全兼容，并增加了位闪等功能。
PS7219具有多个级联特性，为大屏幕LED显示提供了方便。
在理论上，只需三根用户I/O口控制线，便可以实现无穷多的LED级联显示。
在实际应用中，已实现了149片PS7219级联，可以控制1192位LED 显示。
2 PS7219特点与引脚说明PS7219的特点：★ 串行接口（16位控制字）；★ 8位共阴级LED显示驱动；★ 显示位数1～8，可数字调节；★ 按位进行BCD译码/不译码数字制；★ 16级亮度数字控制；★ 上电LED全熄；★ 提供位闪功能；★ 多个PS7219级联可实现任意多的LED显示；★ 宽24脚双列直插模块封装。
PS7219引脚图如图1所示。
引脚功能说明见表1。
3 PS7219内部结构如图2 所示，PS7219由六部分组成。
图2 PS7219内部组成框图图1 PS7219引脚排列3.1 串行输入缓冲部分主要功能是与外部控制信号接口，将控制命令串行读入，并进行串并转换，供控制器读取。
3.2 控制器是整个IC的核心部分。
它先将输入缓冲部分的控制字读入处理，根据其地址值送到相应的控制RAM或数字RAM，同时将数据送入串行同步输出部分，以便在下一个控制字输入周期，将其串行输出。
3.3 控制RAM数据RAM这两部分一起控制LED译码显示部分，实现不同功能及字符的显示。
控制RAM包括：空操作寄存器，译码模式控制寄存器，亮度控制寄存器，掉电控制寄存器，闪烁控制寄存器，测试控制寄存器和扫描界线寄存器。
数据RAM包括：数据1—8寄存器。
3.4 LED译码显示根据控制RAM和数据RAM的不同值，来实现相应的显示功能。
MCU常用外设介绍
常用外设介绍MAX7219 串行接口 8位数字静态显示芯片PinConfigurationNoDecode Mode Data Bits andCorresponding Segment LinesPin DescriptionSerialData Format (16 Bits)Timing DiagramRegister Address MapDisplayTest Register Format(Address (Hex) = XF)DecodeMode Register Examples (Address (Hex) = X9)Shutdown Register Format (Address (Hex) = XC)Code B FontIntensity Register Format (Address (Hex) = XA)MAX7219是一种串行接口的8位数字静态显示芯片。
它是MAXIM 公司 推出的24脚双列直插式芯片。
SEGASEGG 和 SEGDP 为LED 七段驱动器线 和小数点线，供给显示器源电流；DIG0DIG7 为 8 位数字驱动线，输出位选 信号，从每位LED 共阴极吸入电流。
DIN 是串行数据输入端，在 CLK 的上升沿，一位数据被加载到内部 16 位移位寄存器中， CLK 的最高输入频率可达10MHz ， 典型值为1300Hz ；LOAD 用来装载数据，在LOAD 的上升沿，16位串行输入数据被锁存到数据寄存器 中，LOAD 必须在第16个时钟上升沿之后、在下一个时钟上升沿之前拉高来 所存数据，否则数据将丢失。
当MAX7219处于关闭状态（SHUTDOWN ）时，仍可以对其传送数据或 修改状态字,其耗电仅为 150uA 。
在工作状态还可进行亮度调整，MAX7219 共有16种亮度。
还可以将两个MAX7219连在一起， 控制多于8个LED 。
max7219使用详解介绍
D15~12 以 X 表示，代表可为 0，也可为 1。 Digit0~7 对应到 8 个数码管的地址。 Decode Mode：解码模式寄存器，其地址用 16 迚制表示为 0x09； Intensity：亮度调节寄存器，其地址用 16 迚制表示为 0x0A； Scan Limit：扫描范围寄存器，其地址用 16 迚制表示为 0x0B； Shutdown：省电模式，其地址用 16 迚制表示为 0x0C； Display Test：测试寄存器，其地址用 16 迚制表示为 0x0F；
这个图由三部分组成：
第一部分：是要显示的数据 第二部分：是要发送的数据 D7~D0 第三部分：是数码管的八个段，分别用 DP*，A，B，C，D，E，F，G(DP*表示小数点)
D7 来控制小数点的显示 在弄清这个图之前，我们有必要了解数码管的构造。 下面是数码管的构造图：
数码管有八个段（DP，A，B，C，D，E，F，G）每个段都有一个电路来驱动它， 当你要显示"0"，就让 A，B，C，D，E，F 亮，让 G 灭。 当你要显示"1"，就让 B，C 亮，让 A，D，E，F，G 灭。 其他的就丌用多说了。 我们再回过头去看 Code B Font 图， 当我们想让数码管显示"0"，就向数据位 D3~D0 赋值"0000"，那么 MAX7219 就会让 A，B，C，D，E NhomakorabeaF 亮，
max7219数据手册
_______________General DescriptionThe MAX7219/MAX7221 are compact, serial input/out-put common-cathode display drivers that interface microprocessors (µPs) to 7-segment numeric LED dis-plays of up to 8 digits, bar-graph displays, or 64 indi-vidual LEDs. Included on-chip are a BCD code-B decoder, multiplex scan circuitry, segment and digit drivers, and an 8x8 static RAM that stores each digit.Only one external resistor is required to set the seg-ment current for all LEDs. The MAX7221 is compatible with SPI™, QSPI™, and Microwire™, and has slew-rate-limited segment drivers to reduce EMI.A convenient 3-wire serial interface connects to all common µPs. Individual digits may be addressed and updated without rewriting the entire display. The MAX7219/MAX7221 also allow the user to select code-B decoding or no-decode for each digit.The devices include a 150µA low-power shutdown mode, analog and digital brightness control, a scan-limit register that allows the user to display from 1 to 8digits, and a test mode that forces all LEDs on.________________________ApplicationsBar-Graph Displays 7-Segment Displays Industrial Controllers Panel Meters LED Matrix Displays____________________________Featureso 10MHz Serial Interfaceo Individual LED Segment Control o Decode/No-Decode Digit Selectiono 150µA Low-Power Shutdown (Data Retained)o Digital and Analog Brightness Control o Display Blanked on Power-Up o Drive Common-Cathode LED Display o Slew-Rate Limited Segment Drivers for Lower EMI (MAX7221)o SPI, QSPI, Microwire Serial Interface (MAX7221)o 24-Pin DIP and SO PackagesMAX7219/MAX7221Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit LED Display Drivers________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products1________Typical Application Circuit__________________Pin Configuration19-4452; Rev 3; 7/97SPI and QSPI are trademarks of Motorola Inc. Microwire is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corp.For free samples & the latest literature: , or phone 1-800-998-8800.For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.M A X 7219/M A X 72212_______________________________________________________________________________________ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V+ = 5V ±10%, R SET = 9.53k Ω±1%, T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted.)Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.Voltage (with respect to GND)V+............................................................................-0.3V to 6V DIN, CLK, LOAD, CS ...............................................-0.3V to 6V All Other Pins.............................................-0.3V to (V+ + 0.3V)CurrentDIG0–DIG7 Sink Current................................................500mA SEGA–G, DP Source Current.........................................100mA Continuous Power Dissipation (T A = +85°C)Narrow Plastic DIP..........................................................0.87W Wide SO..........................................................................0.76W Narrow CERDIP.................................................................1.1WOperating Temperature RangesMAX7219C_G/MAX7221C_G ..............................0°C to +70°C MAX7219E_G/MAX7221E_G............................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°CMAX7219/MAX7221_______________________________________________________________________________________3ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(V+ = 5V ±10%, R SET =9.53k Ω±1%, T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted.)M A X 7219/M A X 72214_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics(V+ = +5V, T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)730750740770760790780800820810830 4.04.44.85.25.66.0SCAN FREQUENCY vs. POSITIVE SUPPLY VOLTAGEM A X 7219/21 01POSITIVE SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)S C A N F R E Q U E N C Y (H z )20104030605070012345SEGMENT DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENTvs. OUTPUT VOLTAGEOUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)O U T P U T C U R R E N T (m A )MAX7219SEGMENT OUTPUT CURRENTM A X 7219/21 035µs/div10mA/div0MAXIMUM INTENSITY = 31/32MAX7221SEGMENT OUTPUT CURRENTM A X 7219/21 045µs/div10mA/divMAXIMUM INTENSITY = 15/16MAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________Pin Description_________________________________________________________Functional DiagramM A X 7219/M A X 72216______________________________________________________________________________________________________Detailed DescriptionMAX7219/MAX7221 DifferencesThe MAX7219 and MAX7221 are identical except fortwo parameters: the MAX7221 segment drivers are slew-rate limited to reduce electromagnetic interfer-ence (EMI), and its serial interface is fully SPI compati-ble.Serial-Addressing ModesFor the MAX7219, serial data at DIN, sent in 16-bit packets, is shifted into the internal 16-bit shift register with each rising edge of CLK regardless of the state of LOAD. For the MAX7221, CS must be low to clock data in or out. The data is then latched into either the digit or control registers on the rising edge of LOAD/CS .LOAD/CS must go high concurrently with or after the 16th rising clock edge, but before the next rising clock edge or data will be lost. Data at DIN is propagated through the shift register and appears at DOUT 16.5clock cycles later. Data is clocked out on the falling edge of CLK. Data bits are labeled D0–D15 (Table 1).D8–D11 contain the register address. D0–D7 contain the data, and D12–D15 are “don’t care” bits. The first received is D15, the most significant bit (MSB).Digit and Control RegistersTable 2 lists the 14 addressable digit and control regis-ters. The digit registers are realized with an on-chip,8x8 dual-port SRAM. They are addressed directly so that individual digits can be updated and retain data as long as V+ typically exceeds 2V. The control registers consist of decode mode, display intensity, scan limit (number of scanned digits), shutdown, and display test (all LEDs on).Shutdown ModeWhen the MAX7219 is in shutdown mode, the scan oscil-lator is halted, all segment current sources are pulled to ground, and all digit drivers are pulled to V+, thereby blanking the display. The MAX7221 is identical, except the drivers are high-impedance. Data in the digit and control registers remains unaltered. Shutdown can be used to save power or as an alarm to flash the display by successively entering and leaving shutdown mode. For minimum supply current in shutdown mode, logic inputs should be at ground or V+ (CMOS-logic levels).Typically, it takes less than 250µs for the MAX7219/MAX7221 to leave shutdown mode. The display driver can be programmed while in shutdown mode, and shutdown mode can be overridden by the display-test function.Figure 1. Timing DiagramTable 1. Serial-Data Format (16 Bits)Initial Power-UpOn initial power-up, all control registers are reset, the display is blanked, and the MAX7219/MAX7221 enter shutdown mode. Program the display driver prior to display use. Otherwise, it will initially be set to scan one digit, it will not decode data in the data registers, and the intensity register will be set to its minimum value.Decode-Mode RegisterThe decode-mode register sets BCD code B (0-9, E, H,L, P, and -) or no-decode operation for each digit. Each bit in the register corresponds to one digit. A logic high selects code B decoding while logic low bypasses the decoder. Examples of the decode mode control-regis-ter format are shown in Table 4.When the code B decode mode is used, the decoder looks only at the lower nibble of the data in the digit registers (D3–D0), disregarding bits D4–D6. D7, which sets the decimal point (SEG DP), is independent of the decoder and is positive logic (D7 = 1 turns the decimal point on). Table 5 lists the code B font.When no-decode is selected, data bits D7–D0 corre-spond to the segment lines of the MAX7219/MAX7221.Table 6 shows the one-to-one pairing of each data bit to the appropriate segment line.MAX7219/MAX7221Table 3. Shutdown Register Format (Address (Hex) = XC)Table 4. Decode-Mode Register Examples (Address (Hex) = X9)M A X 7219/M A X 7221Intensity Controland Interdigit BlankingThe MAX7219/MAX7221 allow display brightness to be controlled with an external resistor (R SET ) connected between V+ and ISET. The peak current sourced from the segment drivers is nominally 100 times the current entering ISET. This resistor can either be fixed or vari-able to allow brightness adjustment from the front panel. Its minimum value should be 9.53Ω, which typi-cally sets the segment current at 40mA. Display bright-ness can also be controlled digitally by using the intensity register.Digital control of display brightness is provided by an internal pulse-width modulator, which is controlled by the lower nibble of the intensity register. The modulator scales the average segment current in 16 steps from a maximum of 31/32 down to 1/32 of the peak current set by R SET (15/16 to 1/16 on MAX7221). Table 7 lists the intensity register format. The minimum interdigit blank-ing time is set to 1/32 of a cycle.8_______________________________________________________________________________________Table 5. Code B FontTable 6. No-Decode Mode Data Bits and Corresponding Segment Lines*The decimal point is set by bit D7 = 1Scan-Limit RegisterThe scan-limit register sets how many digits are dis-played, from 1 to 8. They are displayed in a multiplexed manner with a typical display scan rate of 800Hz with 8digits displayed. If fewer digits are displayed, the scan rate is 8f OSC /N, where N is the number of digitsscanned. Since the number of scanned digits affects the display brightness, the scan-limit register should not be used to blank portions of the display (such as leading zero suppression). Table 8 lists the scan-limit register format.MAX7219/MAX7221_______________________________________________________________________________________9Table 7. Intensity Register Format (Address (Hex) = XA)Table 8. Scan-Limit Register Format (Address (Hex) = XB)*See Scan-Limit Register section for application.M A X 7219/M A X 7221If the scan-limit register is set for three digits or less,individual digit drivers will dissipate excessive amounts of power. Consequently, the value of the R SET resistor must be adjusted according to the number of digits dis-played, to limit individual digit driver power dissipation.Table 9 lists the number of digits displayed and the corresponding maximum recommended segment cur-rent when the digit drivers are used.Display-Test RegisterThe display-test register operates in two modes: normal and display test. Display-test mode turns all LEDs on by overriding, but not altering, all controls and digit reg-isters (including the shutdown register). In display-test mode, 8 digits are scanned and the duty cycle is 31/32(15/16 for MAX7221). Table 10 lists the display-test reg-ister format.No-Op RegisterThe no-op register is used when cascading MAX7219s or MAX7221s. Connect all devices’ LOAD/CS inputs together and connect DOUT to DIN on adjacent devices. DOUT is a CMOS logic-level output that easily drives DIN of successively cascaded parts. (Refer to the Serial Addressing Modes section for detailed infor-mation on serial input/output timing.) For example, if four MAX7219s are cascaded, then to write to thefourth chip, sent the desired 16-bit word, followed by three no-op codes (hex XX0X, see Table 2). When LOAD/CS goes high, data is latched in all devices. The first three chips receive no-op commands, and the fourth receives the intended data.__________Applications InformationSupply Bypassing and WiringTo minimize power-supply ripple due to the peak digit driver currents, connect a 10µF electrolytic and a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor between V+ and GND as close to the device as possible. The MAX7219/MAX7221 should be placed in close proximity to the LED display, and connections should be kept as short as possible to minimize the effects of wiring inductance and electro-magnetic interference. Also, both GND pins must be connected to ground.Selecting R SET Resistor andUsing External DriversThe current per segment is approximately 100 times the current in ISET. To select R SET , see Table 11. The MAX7219/MAX7221’s maximum recommended seg-ment current is 40mA. For segment current levels above these levels, external digit drivers will be need-ed. In this application, the MAX7219/MAX7221 serve only as controllers for other high-current drivers or tran-sistors. Therefore, to conserve power, use R SET = 47k Ωwhen using external current sources as segment dri-vers.The example in Figure 2 uses the MAX7219/MAX7221’s segment drivers, a MAX394 single-pole double-throw analog switch, and external transistors to drive 2.3”AND2307SLC common-cathode displays. The 5.6V zener diode has been added in series with the decimal point LED because the decimal point LED forward volt-age is typically 4.2V. For all other segments the LED forward voltage is typically 8V. Since external transis-tors are used to sink current (DIG 0 and DIG 1 are used as logic switches), peak segment currents of 45mA are allowed even though only two digits are displayed. In applications where the MAX7219/MAX7221’s digit dri-vers are used to sink current and fewer than four digits are displayed, Table 9 specifies the maximum allow-able segment current. R SET must be selected accord-ingly (Table 11).Refer to the Power Dissipation section of the Absolute Maximum Ratings to calculate acceptable limits for ambient temperature, segment current, and the LED forward-voltage drop.10______________________________________________________________________________________Table 9. Maximum Segment Current for 1-, 2-, or 3-Digit DisplaysTable 10. Display-Test Register Format (Address (Hex) = XF)Note: The MAX7219/MAX7221 remain in display-test mode (all LEDs on) until the display-test register is reconfigured for normal operation.Computing Power DissipationThe upper limit for power dissipation (PD) for the MAX7219/MAX7221 is determined from the following equation:PD = (V + x 8mA) + (V+ - V LED )(DUTY x I SEG x N)where:V+ = supply voltageDUTY = duty cycle set by intensity register N = number of segments driven (worst case is 8)V LED = LED forward voltageI SEG = segment current set by R SET Dissipation Example:I SEG = 40mA, N = 8, DUTY = 31/32, V LED = 1.8V at 40mA, V+ = 5.25V PD = 5.25V(8mA) + (5.25V - 1.8V)(31/32 x 40mA x 8) = 1.11WThus, for a CERDIP package (θJA = +60°C/W from Table 12), the maximum allowed ambient temperature T A is given by:T J(MAX)= T A + PD x θJA + 150°C = T A +1.11W x60°C/Wwhere T A = +83.4°C.Cascading DriversThe example in Figure 3 drives 16 digits using a 3-wire µP interface. If the number of digits is not a multiple of 8, set both drivers’ scan limits registers to the same number so one display will not appear brighter than the other. For example, if 12 digits are need, use 6 digits per display with both scan-limit registers set for 6 digits so that both displays have a 1/6 duty cycle per digit. If 11 digits are needed, set both scan-limit registers for 6digits and leave one digit driver unconnected. If one display for 6 digits and the other for 5 digits, the sec-ond display will appear brighter because its duty cycle per digit will be 1/5 while the first display’s will be 1/6.Refer to the No-Op Register section for additional infor-mation.MAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________________________________11Table 11. R SET vs. Segment Current and LED Forward VoltageTable 12. Package Thermal Resistance DataM A X 7219/M A X 722112______________________________________________________________________________________Figure 2. MAX7219/MAX7221 Driving 2.3-Inch DisplaysMAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________________________________13Figure 3. Cascading MAX7219/MAX7221s to Drive 16 7-Segment LED DigitsM A X 7219/M A X 722114_______________________________________________________________________________________Ordering Information (continued)___________________Chip TopographySEG FSEG ACLK LOAD OR CS DIG 1DIG 5GNDGNDDIG 7DIG 3DIG 2DIG 60.093"(2.36mm)0.080"(2.03mm)SEG B ISET SEG ESEG DP SEG CSEG G DIG 4DIG 0DIN DOUT SEG DTRANSISTOR COUNT: 5267SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO GNDMAX7219/MAX7221______________________________________________________________________________________15________________________________________________________Package InformationM A X 7219/M A X 7221___________________________________________Package Information (continued)Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.16____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600©1997 Maxim Integrated ProductsPrinted USAis a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.。
max7129 使用方法
（一）、MAX7219 MAX7219是一种串入、并出的共阴极LED数码管显示驱动器，每片可驱动8位LED数码管显示，与单片机的接口只需3根线，内带BCD译码器，及显示测试、移位、锁存器等，输出电流达40mA，外围只需一只亮度调整电阻。
MAX7219引脚图1、引脚功能说明DIN：串行数据输入端，CLK的上升沿时数据被载入内部16位移位寄存器中CLK：串行时钟输入端，最高工作频率可达10MHz LOAD：片选端，低电平接收DIN端的数据，高电平时数据被所存DIG0~7：LED的位控制端A~DP：LED 的端控制端DOUT：串行数据输出端，用于芯片的级联ISET：硬件亮度调整端，在该引脚与VCC之间跨接一个电阻，LED的亮度即可通过该电阻来调节，流过LED的段驱动平均电流为流过此电阻电流的100倍,此电阻值范围为：10~80K之间。
2、内部寄存器说明A、译码方式选择寄存器地址：09H 赋值：FFH 表示使用MAX7219内部的BCD译码器00H 表示不使用MAX7219内部的BCD译码器B、亮度调节寄存器地址：0AH 赋值：00H~0FH 可改变MAX7219所驱动的LED的亮度，其变化范围在1/32~31/32之间C、扫描位数设定寄存器地址：0BH 赋值：00H 所有位不显示01H~07H 依次对应于1~8位及前面位全部显示（即需显示的位应为“1”）D、待机模式开关寄存器地址：0CH 赋值：00H LED全灭01H LED正常显示E、显示器测试寄存器地址：0FH 赋值：00H LED为正常显示状态01H LED测试状态，即LED全亮F、8位LED显示数据寄存器地址：01H~08H 对这些寄存器赋值（即需显示的内容），就会在对应的1~8位LED数码管上显示出来3、使用注意事项由于电源中杂波或附近的电磁等干扰信号，使MAX7219在上电后不显示或乱显示；为了消除这种现象应在MAX7219的VCC端与地之间接一只104pf的瓷片电容，在LOAD端于地之间接一只10K的电阻。
8位串行接口数码显示驱动器MAX7219及其应用
8位串行接口数码显示驱动器MAX7219及其应用潍坊高等专科学校 王瑞兰LED数码管的应用已十分广泛，用于数码管显示的驱动电路种类较多，但大致可分为静态显示驱动和动态扫描显示驱动两大类别。
本文所要介绍的MAX7219芯片就是 用于动态扫描显示驱动的芯片。
该芯片的特点是利用一块芯片就能完成8位字数据和8位线数据的驱动,使得电路紧凑。
多芯片级联时，采用串行输入输出，可节省CPU的口线和接口芯片。
与数码管联接时无需限流电阻，8位显示的电流可通过一个外部电阻进行调节。
显示亮度也可通过程序进行控制。
片内具有，可以对输入的数据先进行译码再驱动输出，也可以将输入的数据直接驱动。
一、管脚功能MAX7219采用24管脚DIP和SO两种封装形式，管脚排列如图1所示，各引脚功能见表1。
二、MAX7219内部结构MAX7219的内部功能框图如图2所示。
16位移位寄存器所存数据为D0~D15，见表2。
D8~D11为寄存器地址，D0-D7为数据，D12-D15为不关心位。
片内有14个寄存器，其中8个数据寄存器，寄存着与DIG 0-DIG 7对应的显示数据，地址依次为×1H-8H；6个控制寄存器，即译码控制寄存器(Decode Mode)、显示亮度控制寄存器(Intensity)、扫描频率限制寄存器(Scan Limit)、消隐控制寄存器(Shutdown)、显示测试寄存器Display Test)及无操作寄存器(No-Op)，其地址依次为×9H-CH、×FH、×0H。
数据寄存器为8×8双指针SRAM。
因为各寄存器可直接寻址，所以寄存器的数据可分别进行修改。
寄存器的数据可以保存到电源电压降低到2V。
三、控制寄存器1. Shutdown 寄存器Shutdown 寄存器写入×××××××0B数据时，将呈现消隐状态。