四字格的翻译
成语与四字格的翻译
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又如：“亡羊补牢”与“lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen”, 表面看相似，实则无法等同起来。汉语中“亡羊补牢”暗含为时未晚之意，而英语中 却表达的是为时已晚，意义正好相反。可见形象相似的汉语与英语的固定表达法，比 喻义有时却常常并不一样。这是英汉两种语言反映的是两种民族各自不同的文化特点。 因此，进行汉语成语的翻译时，应结合语境正确理解，切莫胡乱硬译，或不假思索地 套译。
“打得落花流水”意即打得粉碎，打得一败涂地，语 言很形象，如直译为：“…,are being shattered like flowers and floating waters.”译文读者可能看不懂， 因此采用意译法。
套译法
• 套 的 种译成情法语况是 来：指 进套 行用 翻译译语的中方某法个。与套汉译语法成可语 用喻 于义 下相 列近 几 （1）两个成语的字面意义和蕴涵意义基本一致。 • 破釜沉舟 to burn one’s boats 当 沉 以 b征 自u“示他断全到rn破士引后部国o釜卒兵 路船 外n沉e誓渡 ，只 时’舟死河 以， 往s”不后 示烧往b指o回，只光把a我的即进岸自ts国决命不上己”古心令退庐的指代。部的舍部欧项英下决，队洲羽语打心每所古出中破。人乘罗兵的全只船马救部持 只的“巨饭三 全恺to鹿锅部1撒3一，焚出粮事凿毁，。， •空中楼阁 castles in the air •肉中刺 a thorn in the flesh
• 油嘴滑舌 mealy-mouthed (死译：with a slipped mouth and tongue)
• 把几千年的封建地主的特权，打得落花流水。 译为：As a result，the privileges，which the
四字格翻译分析课件
音译法
保留原文音节的翻译方法
音译法是将原文的音节或单词用相应的目标语言表达出来，常用于翻译人名、地名、科技术 语等。
注意事项：音译法需要注意目标语言的语音规则和文化习惯，避免出现不自然的音译或歧义 。
四字格翻译的发展趋势
人工智能技术的应用
随着人工智能技术的不断发展，四字格翻译将更加智能化，翻译 准确度和效率将得到大幅提升。
跨语言交流的普及
随着全球化的加速，跨语言交流的需求将不断增加，四字格翻译将 更加普及和重要。
文化差异的关注
四字格翻译将更加注重文化差异的处理，以实现更加准确和自然的 翻译。
四字格翻译在跨文化交流中的作用
04
四字格翻译的挑战与解决方案
文化差异的挑战与解决方案
挑战
四字格通常承载了丰富的文化内涵， 不同文化背景可能导致翻译时难以找 到对应的表达方式。
解决方案
案例
中文中的成语“掩耳盗铃”在英文中 可译为“burying one's head in the sand”，准确传达了中文成语的含义 。
深入研究源语言和目标语言的文化背 景，理解四字格背后的文化含义，寻 找最贴切的翻译。
四字格翻译分析课件
目 录
• 四字格翻译概述 • 四字格翻译技巧 • 四字格翻译案例分析 • 四字格翻译的挑战与解决方案 • 四字格翻译的未来展望
01
四字格翻译概述
定义与特点
定义
四字格翻译是指将原文中的四字 词组或成语进行翻译，以保持原 文的韵味和表达方式。
特点
四字格翻译具有语言精练、表达 力强、富有文化内涵等特点，能 够准确传达原文的含义和风格。
3.6 成语与四字格的翻译(1)
3.6.2 四字格的翻译
• 1. 什么是四字格？ • 四字格又称四字结构，是汉语中一种独特的词 汇现象。顾名思义，四字格就是有四个汉字组成 的词语。由于四字格是一种固定的四字结构，其 词语内部的组合关系也相对稳定，主要包括以下 几种： • （1）主谓关系 • 如：经济复苏 群众评议 • 波涛汹涌 民族自治
音韵和谐、简洁明快等特点。
• 3. 四字格的翻译
• 除单独运用或独立成句之外，四字格还常以排比 的形式出现，这种排比用法在汉语行文中是文采 和气势是我体现，其华丽丰富的词藻与优美和谐 的音韵既符合中国人注重整体和统一的思维模式， 又切合我们讲求均衡对仗的审美心理，因此成为 汉语行文中表现文字美感的重要艺术形式。
• 如：
（1）他们重新见面时，一个已是“使君有妇”。一个已是 “罗敷有夫”了。 When they met again, each had already married to another. （2）和广阔无垠的太空相比，降落伞看起来是沧海一粟。 Against the vast expanse of the sky, the chute looked very small. （3）那是早春二月，乍暖还寒的一天。 It was a chilly day in early spring. （4）我们发现他在草地上坦腹高卧。 We found him lying on his back on the lawn.
• 3. 成语的翻译策略 • 由于汉英两种语言和文化的巨大差异，汉语成语形象
鲜明、常用典故和音韵和谐等特色很难全部在译文中得以 再现，译者必须有所舍弃，采取适当的翻译策略以确保主 要信息的传递。常用的成语汉英翻译策略包括直译法、意 译法、套译法、加注法和增译法。 • • • • • • •
四字格翻译
四字格翻译（一）并列关系名山大川famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利equality and mutual benefit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government简政放权streamline* administration and institute decentralization (vt. To form into a smooth shape which moves easily through water or air 把…设计为流线型)集思广益draw on* collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas (vt. To make use of)国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返linger (on, over)* with no thought of leaving for home (to wait for a time instead of going;国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences（二）语意重复广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major policy decisions层峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another优胜劣汰survival of the fittest延年益寿prolong one’s life灵丹妙药panacea/ miraculous cure长治久安 a long period of stability求真务实pragmatic审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment誉满全球举世闻名world-renowned功在当代，利在千秋in the interest of the current and future generations继往开来，承前启后(continue the past and open up the future ) break new ground for the future路遥知马力，日久见人心Time will tell.吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜no sweet without sweat车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /there’s alwa ys a way out急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits打黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography德高望重of high ability and integrity互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial互谅互让mutual understanding and accommodation遵纪守法observe the relevant code of conduct and the law（三）目的关系减员增效downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency)退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pastures集资办学raise money to set up new schools结党营私form cliques for private gain扭亏为盈turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one（四）途径方式寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance以商养文support /sponsor cultural activities with the profits from doing business（五）偏正词组廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties环境绿化environmental greening超前消费premature* consumption; Over-consume; excessive consumption (adj. developing, happening, or coming before the natural of proper time)以强凌弱the strong domineering over the weak以人为本people foremost*; People-oriented (adj. [the A] most important;leading)（六）动宾关系优势互补complement each other’s advantages自主经营，自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions, take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses（七）条件关系不进则退no progress simply means regression（八）省略意象瞻前顾后overcautions and indecisive源远流长have a long history呕心沥血spare no efforts （不遗余力）画龙点睛bring out the crucial point花天酒地go on the loose* (n. free from control, esp. of law 无拘束；逍遥法外)汗马功劳exploits* (n. a brave, bold, and successful deed 英勇行为；辉煌成就；功绩，功勋)闻名遐迩famous独具匠心original中流砥柱mainstay*, chief cornerstone(n. [usu. sing.; of] someone of something which provides the chief support 主要依靠，主要支柱（人或物）)鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey世外桃源a haven of peace浩如烟海的文化典籍numerous volumes of literature。
翻译四字格
中高级口笔译必备：汉语四字格翻译分享作者：如鱼饮水已被分享18次评论(0) 复制链接分享转载举报（一）并列关系名山大川famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利equality and mutual benefit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization集思广益draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences（二）语意重复广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major policy decisions层峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another优胜劣汰survival of the fittest延年益寿prolong one’s life灵丹妙药panacea / miraculous cure长治久安a long period of stability求真务实pragmatic审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment誉满全球举世闻名world-renowned功在当代，利在千秋in the interest of the current and future generations继往开来，承前启后(continue the past and open up the future ) break new ground for the future路遥知马力，日久见人心Time will tell.吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜no sweet without sweat车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /there’s always a way out急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits大黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography德高望重of high ability and integrity互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial互谅互让mutual understanding and accommodation遵纪守法observe the relevant code of conduct and the law（三）目的关系减员增效downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency)退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pastures集资办学raise money to set up new schools结党营私form cliques for private gain扭亏为盈turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one（四）途径方式寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance以商养文support /sponsor cultural activities with the profits from doing business（五）偏正词组廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties环境绿化environmental greening超前消费premature consumption; Over-consume; excessive consumption以强凌弱the strong domineering over the weak以人为本people foremost; People-oriented（六）动宾关系优势互补complement each other’s advantages自主经营，自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions, take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses（七）条件关系不进则退no progress simply means regression（八）省略意象瞻前顾后overcautions and indecisive源远流长have a long history呕心沥血spare no efforts画龙点睛bring out the crucial point花天酒地go on the loose汗马功劳exploits闻名遐迩famous独具匠心original中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey世外桃源a haven of peace浩如烟海的文化典籍numerous volumes of literature。
四字格翻译
EN → CN
• There are several hundreds of sculptures in the park, which are various and eye-catching forms. • 公园里有数百座千姿百态、引人注 目的雕像。
• 希望我们的工作能够得到各位的支持 和配合，从而使大家吃得满意，住得 舒服，玩得愉快，走得顺利，乘兴而 来，满意而归。 • We look forward to your support and cooperation. We do hope you will enjoy your trip all the way here and back home.
• • • • • • • •
热情好客的民族 精彩纷呈的节目 诗情画意的公园 古色古香的街道 hospitable people, brilliant performances poetic park antique street
3、省略主谓短语四字格中的谓语部分
英语喜用名词和形容词，讲求静态之美， 而汉语喜用动词和副词，偏向动态之美，因 此在翻译四字格的主谓短语时，可省译其谓
3、中翻英的四字格多为名词化的四字格
• ……采用了"以天为纸、以海为墨"的设 计手法。
• The design method finds expression in the sculpture "taking the sky as paper and the sea as ink".
• 这块石头刻有"双龙戏珠"四个大 字。
charm and tend to be packed with interesting shops, restaurants, and people.
四字格的翻译
（三） 目的关系to 减员增效 downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency) 退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest or pastures 集资办学 raise money to set up new schools 结党营私 form cliques for private gain 扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one
（五） 偏正词组adv+v/adj+n 廉洁奉公 honestly perform one’s official duties 环境绿化 environmental greening 超前消费 premature consumption; Over-consume; excessive consumption 以强凌弱 the strong domineering over the weak 以人为本 people foremost; People-oriented
（七） 条件关系(if) 不进则退 no progress simply means regression.
（八） 省略意象 瞻前顾后 overcautious and indecisive 源远流长 have a long history 呕心沥血 spare no efforts 画龙点睛 bring out the crucial point 花天酒地 go on the loose 汗马功劳 exploits 闻名遐迩 famous 独具匠心 original 中流砥柱 mainstay, chief cornerstone 鱼米之乡 a land of milk and honey 世外桃源 a haven of peace 浩如烟海的文化典籍 numerous volumes of literature
四字格翻译
预防为主prevention first全面推进entire/all-round push-on重点突破breakthrough at key points亲仁善邻cordiality, benevolence and good neighborliness和睦相处living in harmony with others强不凌弱The strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor.协和万邦All nations live side by side in perfect harmony.海纳百川有容乃大One should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers.兼收并蓄embrace everything that is useful光阴似箭Time flies like an arrow. /How time files!一诺千金有诺必践Commitment should always be kept.一如既往unswervingly和衷共济solidarity; fighting together with one accord亡国灭种extinction; being conquered and destroyed万众一心pull together; join hands; make joint efforts; be united as one浩然气概noble spirit不屈节操unyielding moral principle赴汤蹈火go through fire and water殊死奋战fight desperately; fight to death可歌可泣moved one to songs and tears英勇卓绝heroic and splendid插科打诨comic parts精微深奥profound and abstruse博大精深extensive and profound源远流长run a long history天下为公The world belongs to all the people.天下兴亡匹夫有责Every man has a duty to his country.吃苦耐劳hard work and enduring hardship勤俭持家run the household industriously and frugally尊师重教respect teachers and attach importance to education 当务之急urgent; imminent不谋而合coincide with莘莘学子students青春洋溢young书香浓郁academic/cultural atmosphere朝气蓬勃充满活力dynamic; vigorous多姿多彩colorful日新月异change with each passing day光芒四射shining; brilliant安居乐业live and work happily and peacefully相知无远近万里尚为邻Distance can never separate real friends.携手前进join hands名列前茅rank top形容词性四字格举足轻重decisive, vital, significant光辉灿烂glorious and magnificent不可磨灭indelible无边无际boundless广袤富饶vast and fertile宏伟挺拔towering magnificence金壁辉煌splendid and magnificent玲珑剔透exquisitely carved/made/wrought蔚为壮观splendid; spectacular庄严肃穆solemn不屈不挠unyielding, unrelenting, dauntless动词性四字格此起彼伏rise one after another, keep cropping up繁衍生息live and multiply/reproduce改朝换代changes of dynasties穷兵黩武wantonly engage in military aggression; use all one’s armed might to indulge in wars of aggression雅俗共赏appeal to both refined and popular tastes与日俱增increase with each passing day, be steadily on the increase极目远眺look as far as the eye can see按资排辈to assign priority according to seniority求同存异seeking common ground while putting aside differences流连忘返linger on; be too delighted to leave乐不思蜀too delighted to be homesick不宣而战start an undeclared war尽收眼底hold a panoramic view扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences延年益寿prolong one’s life审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits扫黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography减员增效downsize(and cut payroll) to improve efficiency退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pasture互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial集资办学raise money to set up new schools寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance廉洁奉公honestly perform one’s official duties呕心沥血spare no efforts画龙点睛bring out the crucial point名词性四字格绿水青山green hills and clear waters墨客骚人men of letters奇花异草exotic flowers and herbs鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey奇峰异石picturesque peaks and rocks浓妆淡抹heavy or light makeup轩然大波a great disturbance, a mighty uproar凤毛麟角rarity of rarities层峦叠嶂range upon range of mountains; the hills rise around…崇山峻岭steep mountains雕梁画栋carved beams and painted pillars名山大川famous mountains and great rivers湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites平等互利equality and mutual benefit国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood灵丹妙药panacea/miraculous cure中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone世外桃源a haven of peace长治久安a long period of stability按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance。
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中口历年真题：高尔基说过：“书籍是人类进步的阶梯。
”0103Gorgy once said, “Books are steps toward human progress.”廉政建设0203 building of an honest and clean government全神贯注0203 with rapt attention; concentrate on改革开放0303 the reform and opening-up policy远见卓识0303 foresighted, foresight扩大内需0309 expand the domestic need以邻为伴、与人为善0403 making partnership and being friendly to the neighboring countries 友好合作0403 friendly cooperation艰辛努力0403 arduous efforts名列前茅0503 rank among the best携手前进0509 join hands and advance together相知无远近，万里尚为邻0509 Distance can never separate real friends.多姿多彩0603 colorful色彩斑斓0603 colorful日新月异0603 change dramatically with each passing day光芒四射0603 shining; brilliant鲜艳夺目0603 shining; brilliant安居乐业0603 live and work in peace and happiness/contentment朝气蓬勃，充满活力0603 dynamic; vigorous; energetic莘莘学子0609 (many) students青春洋溢0609 young书香浓郁0609 academic/cultural atmosphere息息相关0703 be closely related to/ concern sth.坚定不移0709 persists unswervingly in独立富强，民生幸福0709 an independent and prosperous country, and a comfortable and happy life for the people孜孜以求0709 assiduously (seek)自主创新0803 independence and innovation, independent and innovative情投意合0809 have an affinity for each other不虚此生0903 make our life meaningful附庸风雅0909 mingle with men of letters and pose as lovers of culture暗自窃笑0909 titter翩然而至1003 advent/ arrival此起彼伏1003 (ring) one after another, echo each other中流砥柱1003 play the backbone role力挽狂澜1003 turn the tide攻坚克难1003 overcome the current difficulties柳暗花明1003 have bright prospects华洋杂居1009 co-inhabited by Chinese locals and foreign nationals生活百态1009 all aspects of people’s life丰富多彩1009 colorful兼容并蓄1009 a harmonious combination of ancient and modern civilization日新月异1009 change with each passing day补充：(政治、经济、文化类)形容词性举足轻重decisive, vital, significant光辉灿烂glorious and magnificent不可磨灭indelible无边无际boundless广袤富饶vast and fertile宏伟挺拔towering magnificence金壁辉煌splendid and magnificent玲珑剔透exquisitely carved/made/wrought蔚为壮观splendid; spectacular庄严肃穆solemn不屈不挠unyielding, unrelenting, dauntless动词性此起彼伏rise one after another, keep cropping up繁衍生息live and multiply/reproduce改朝换代changes of dynasties穷兵黩武wantonly engage in military aggression; use all one’s armed might to indulge in wars of aggression雅俗共赏appeal to both refined and popular tastes与日俱增increase with each passing day, be steadily on the increase极目远眺look as far as the eye can see按资排辈to assign priority according to seniority求同存异seeking common ground while putting aside differences流连忘返linger on; be too delighted to leave乐不思蜀too delighted to be homesick不宣而战start an undeclared war尽收眼底hold a panoramic view扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead延年益寿prolong one’s life审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits扫黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography减员增效downsize(and cut payroll) to improve efficiency退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pasture互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial集资办学raise money to set up new schools寓教于乐teach through lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance廉洁奉公honestly perform. one’s official duties呕心沥血spare no efforts画龙点睛bring out the crucial point名词性绿水青山green hills and clear waters墨客骚人men of letters奇花异草exotic flowers and herbs鱼米之乡 a land of milk and honey奇峰异石picturesque peaks and rocks浓妆淡抹heavy or light makeup轩然大波 a great disturbance, a mighty uproar凤毛麟角rarity of rarities层峦叠嶂range upon range of mountains; the hills rise around…崇山峻岭steep mountains雕梁画栋carved beams and painted pillars名山大川famous mountains and great rivers湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites平等互利equality and mutual benefit国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood灵丹妙药panacea/miraculous cure中流砥柱mainstay, chief cornerstone世外桃源 a haven of peace长治久安 a long period of stability按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance。