航空英语阅读材料

航空英语阅读材料(飞机各主要系统概述)ATA21 - Air Conditioning System（空调系统）一INTRODUCTION（介绍）This chapter covers the air conditioning, ventilation and pressurization systems.（这一章包括了空调、通风和增压系统）The basic airflow through the pressurized part of the fuselage starts with the pneumatic system. （从引气系统开始基本的气流通过了机身的增压区域）Hot, high pressure air is supplied to two packs.（热的高压力的气体提供给PACK组件）The packs are responsible for basic temperature regulation.（PACK组件负责基本的温度调节）From the packs the air is distributed throughout the aircraft.（从PACK出来的空气被分配到飞机内）The pressurization system controls the airflow overboard to maintain the cabin pressurization within safe limits.（增压系统控制排往机外的气流以保持客舱压力在安全限制内）二BASIC AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM INTRODUCTION（基本空气调节系统介绍）The pneumatic system supplies air to each pack. （引气系统给PACK组件供气）The packs are responsible for BASIC temperature regulation. （PACK组件负责基本的温度调节）Temperature regulated pack discharge air is sent to the mixer unit.（调节好温度的空气从PACK组件出来，并供往混合组件）At the mixer unit, the air is mixed with air re-circulated from the main cabin.（在混合组件内与从客舱来的再循环气体混合）This reduces the overall bleed demand and saves fuel.（这样可以减少总的引气量并节省燃油）From the mixer, the air is distributed to the cockpit and the forward and aft cabin zones.（空气从混合组件供往驾驶舱、前客舱、后客舱）Some of the air from the pneumatic system is used for the OPTIMIZED temperature regulation system. （从引气体统来的另一部分气体用于优化温度调节系统）This hot air is mixed with the air from the mixer to adjust the temperature in each zone independently.（这部分热空气与从混合组件来的空气混合来单独的调节每个区域）The air isdistributed throughout the cabin and finally discharged overboard through the outflow valve to maintain pressurization.（空气分配到客舱，最终通过外流活门排往机外以维持增压）三PACK INTRODUCTION（空调组件介绍）The Single Aisle family is equipped with two air conditioning packs located in the wing root area forward of the landing gear bay. （单通道系列的飞机在大翼根部起落架舱前部安装有两部空调组件）The packs supply dry air to the cabin for air conditioning, ventilation and pressurization.（空调组件提供干的空气用于空调、通风、增压）The main component of each pack assembly is the Air Cycle Machine.（每一个空调组件的主要部件是空气循环机）Hot air from the pneumatic system is supplied to the pack through the pack Flow Control Valve (FCV). （从引气系统来的热空气供到流量控制活门）The FCV adjusts the flow rate through the pack and is the pack shut-off valve.（流量控制活门调节通过空调组件的流量并且作为空调组件的关断活门）The pack temperature control system controls the pack outlet temperature and sets its maximum and minimum limits. （空调组件的温度控制系统控制出口温度、设定其最大和最小限制）The system includes two Pack Controllers (PCs). （系统包括两部PACK控制器）Each PC controls one pack and has two computers, one primary and one electrically independent secondary computer. （每个控制器控制一个空调组件，每个控制器都是双通道的：一个主通道和一个独立供电的次级通道）When the primary computer is operational, the system is fully functional. （主通道操作时系统有全部的功能）If the primary fails, some functions are lost as the secondary computer takes control.（主通道失效时，次级通道接替控制，但会时区一部分功能）During normal operation, the Zone Controller (ZC) sends the required pack outlet temperature to both PCs. （正常工作时，区域控制器给PACK控制器发送所需的PACK出口温度命令）To control the pack outlet temperature, the PC modulates the BYPASS VALVE and the RAM-AIR INLET doors. （PACK控制器通过调节旁通活门和冲压空气进口门来控制PACK出口的温度）For maximum cooling, the ram-air doors are fully open and the bypass valve is fully closed. （为了最大冷却冲压空气进口门全开，旁通活门全关）For maximum heating, the ram-air doors are nearly closed and the bypass valve is fully open. （为了最大制热冲压空气进口门全关，旁通活门全开）During takeoff and landing, the ram air inlet doors will be driven fully closed to stop the ingestion of foreign matter.（在起飞过程中，冲压空气进口门完全关闭以防止吸入外物）四ZONE TEMPERATURE REGULATION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION（区域温度调节系统介绍）The packs supply the mixer unit. （PACK组件给混合组件供气）Three separate aircraft zones are supplied from the mixer unit: - cockpit,- forward cabin,- aft cabin.（从混合组件给不同的三个区域供气：驾驶舱、前客舱、后客舱）Two cabin recirculation fans are installed to reduce the bleed air demand and therefore save fuel. （两个循环风扇的安装可以减少供气量并节省燃油）These fans establish a recirculation flow of air from the cabin zones to the mixer unit. （从客舱到混合组件的空气通过循环风扇形成了一个循环系统）In normal operation, there are no ECAM indications associated with the cabin fans.（正常操作时，ECAM上没有相应风扇的指示）The ZC controls and monitors the temperature regulation system for the cabin zones. （区域控制器控制并监控客舱区域）On the overhead AIR COND panel, the flight crew selects the desired individual compartment temperature.（在头顶面板的空调面板上，机组可以选择希望得到的单独舱内的温度）The hot air system for cabin temperature control has a hot air valve and three trim air valves controlled by the ZC. （客舱温度控制的热空气系统有一个热空气活门和三个配平活门，都由区域控制器控制）The ZC compares the demand to the actual temperature in each zone.（区域控制器比较在每个区域的要求温度和实际温度）The ZC then sends the pack outlet temperature demand to both PCs to satisfy the coldest demand.（然后区域控制器给两个PACK控制器发送PACK出口温度的命令以满足最低温度的要求）For the zones, which require warmer temperature, the ZC signals the TRIM VALVES to open. （对于需要加热的区域，区域控制器命令配平空气活门打开）Hot air mixes with the pack discharge air and the temperature increases.（热空气和PACK出口的空气混合同时温度上升）In the case of any duct overheat, the hot air valve and the trim air valves will automatically close to isolate the system. （如果管道超温，热空气活门和配平活门自动关闭并隔离系统）The system can be reset when the overheat disappears.（过热消失的时候系统被重置）五Ventilation System（通风系统）1 GENERAL（概述）There are two ventilation systems on the Single Aisle (SA) family, avionics ventilation and lavatory and galley ventilation.（单通道系列的飞机包含两套通风系统：电子设备通风和厕所厨房通风）The avionics ventilation system supplements the air conditioning system to supply cooling air to the avionics equipment.（电子设备冷却系统给电子设备提供冷却空气，作为空调系统的补充）This equipment includes the avionics compartment, the flight deck instruments and the circuit breaker panels.（这套系统包括电子设备舱、飞行舱设备、跳开关面板）2 AVIONICS VENTILATION（电子设备通风）A blower fan and an extraction fan circulate the air through the avionics equipment.（通过一个鼓风扇和一个抽风扇使电子设备的空气循环）Note: these fans operate continuously as long as the A/C electrical system is supplied. （注意：这两个风扇飞机一供电就持续工作）The Avionics Equipment Ventilation Computer (AEVC) controls the fans and the configuration of the skin valves in the avionics ventilation system based on flight/ground logic and fuselage skin temperature.（根据飞行或是地面逻辑和蒙皮温度，电子设备通风计算机控制电子设备通风系统的风扇和蒙皮活门的构型）There are 3 configurations for the skin air inlet and outlet valves:（对于蒙皮进口和出口活门有三种构型）- open circuit: both valves open (on ground only),（仅仅在地面的开环构型：两个活门都开）- closed circuit: both valves closed (in flight or low outside air temperature on ground).（在飞行中或者在地面高温度时的闭环构型：两个活门都关）The air is cooled in the skin heater exchanger. （空气通过蒙皮热交换器冷却）- intermediate circuit: inlet closed, outlet partially open (smoke removal in flight or low ventilation airflow condition).（在低流量或者飞行中有烟雾时的中间构型：进口全关，出口半开）3 LAVATORY AND GALLEY VENTILATION（厕所和厨房通风）The lavatory and galley ventilation system is completely automatic.（厕所和厨房通风完全自动控制）Conditioned cabin air is supplied through the lavatory and galley areas and is removed from these areas by an extraction fan. （经过调节的客舱空气供到厨房厕所后，通过抽风扇排走）The fan pulls air through the ceiling into an extraction duct. （风扇通过天花板的抽风扇管路抽走空气）The air is then discharged overboard through the outflow valve.（然后空气通过外流活门排往机外）Note: the extraction fan runs continuously, provided electrical power is available.（注意：只要有电，排风扇就持续运转）六Cargo Ventilation and Heating System（货舱通风和加热系统）On the Airbus single aisle family, the forward and aft cargo compartments can have a ventilation system.（在空客单通道系列飞机里，前后货舱都有通风系统）In addition, a heating system may be installed in either or both compartments. （此外，在一个货舱或者两个货舱内都可以安装加热系统）Note that the heating system will only be installed along with a ventilation system.（注意，加热系统只能在通风系统的基础上安装）Air from the main cabin is drawn down into the cargo compartment by the extract fan or by differential pressure in flight.（空气空过抽风扇或者是在飞行中通过压差从客舱进入到货舱）After circulating through the compartment, the air is discharged overboard.（在货舱循环后，空气排往机外）The operation of the two isolation valves and the extract fan is controlled automatically by the cargo Ventilation Controller (VC). （两个隔离活门和抽风扇都由货舱通风控制器自动控制）One VC is able to control either or both compartments.（一个控制器可以控制一个或两个舱）For the heating of the cargo compartment, the pilots select the desired compartment temp and hot bleed air is mixed with the air coming from the main cabin to increase the temperature if necessary. （驾驶员可以选择想要的货舱温度，如果有必要，从客舱来的空气和热空气混合增加温度值）The supply of hot air is controlled by the Cargo Heating Controller. （热空气由货舱加温控制器控制）Each heated compartment has a dedicated Cargo Heating Controller. （每个货舱都有专门的加热控制器）Note that there is NO direct air conditioning supply to the cargo compartments. （注意，没有直接的空调供往货舱）The pilots cannot add "cold" air to the compartments.（驾驶员不能加冷空气给货舱）七Pressurization System（增压系统）The pressurization system on the Single Aisle (SA) family normally operates automatically to adjust the cabin altitude and rate of climb to ensure maximum passenger comfort and safety.（单通道系列飞机的增压系统正常都是自动控制调节客舱高度和升降率以最大确保旅客的舒适性和安全性）The pressurized areas are:- the cockpit,- the avionics bay,- the cabin,- the cargo compartments.（增压区域包括：驾驶舱、电子舱、客舱、货舱）The concept of the system is simple.（系统的概念很简单）Air is supplied from the air conditioning packs to the pressurized areas.（空气从空调的PACK组件供往增压区域）An outflow valve is used to regulate the amount of air allowed to escape from the pressurized areas.（一个外流活门用来控制逃离增压舱的空气）Automatic control of the outflow valve is provided by two Cabin Pressure Controllers (CPCs). （两部客舱增压控制器自动控制外流活门）Each CPC controls one electric motor on the outflow valve assembly.）每一部增压控制器在活门上都有自己的一套电马达）The CPC interface with other A/C computers to optimize the pressurization/depressurization schedule.（增压控制器与飞机的其他计算机连接来优化增压或者卸压的安排）There are two automatic pressurization systems. （有两套自动的增压系统）Each CPC and its electric motor make one system.（每一部增压控制器和其电马达构成了一套系统）Only one system operates at a time with the other system acting as backup in case of a failure. （同一时间只有一套系统工作，另一套系统备份，失效时接替工作）The system in command will alternate each flight.（在飞行中系统交替工作）A third motor is installed for manual operation of the outflow valve in case both automatic systems fail.（如果两个自动控制都失效了，还有第三套人工马达可以人工操作外流活门）To protect the fuselage against excessive cabin differential pressure, safety valves are installed on the rear pressure bulkhead. The safety valves also protect against negative differential pressure.（为了保护机身过大的压差，在增压舱的后隔板上安装有两个安全活门，安全活门可以保护过大的负压差）ATA22 - Auto Flight System（自动飞行系统）GENERAL（概述）The Auto Flight System (AFS) is divided into four main parts:（自动飞行系统分为4个部分）- Flight Management (FM),（飞行管理）- Flight Guidance (FG),（飞行引导）- Flight Augmentation,（飞行增稳）- Fault Isolation and Detection System (FIDS).（故障隔离和探测系统）The first two functions are accomplished by the Flight Management and Guidance Computers (FMGCs).（前两个功能由飞行管理和引导计算机完成）The other two functions are accomplished by the Flight Augmentation Computers (FACs).（另外两个功能由飞行增稳计算机完成）The AFS calculates the position of the aircraft using several aircraft sensors.（自动飞行系统使用几个飞机的传感器计算飞机的位置）In addition, the system has the capability of storing flight plans in its memory, which are predetermined by the airline.（此外，自动飞行系统有在其内存中存储飞行计划的能力，该飞行计划由航空公司预先做好）A flight plan describes a complete flight from departure to arrival, it includes vertical information and all intermediate waypoints. （这个飞行计划描述了从离场到到场的一个完整的飞行）Knowing the position of the aircraft and the desired flight plan (chosen by the pilot), the AFS is able to compute the orders sent to the flight controls and engines so that the aircraft can follow the flight plan.（直到了飞机的位置和驾驶员预先选择的飞行计划，自动飞行系统可以计算出给飞控和发动机的命令值，保证飞机可以按飞行计划飞行）FLIGHT MANAGEMENT/FLIGHT GUIDANCE（飞行管理/飞行引导）The FM part has several functions linked to the flight plan such as lateral and vertical guidance associated with performance computation.（飞行飞行管理的几个功能与飞行计划相关联，例如：与性能计算相关的横向和纵向引导）The FG part has 3 functions:（飞行引导有3个功能）- Autopilot (AP),（自动驾驶）- Flight Director (FD),（飞行指引）- Autothrust (A/THR).（自动油门）The FMGC functions, FM and FG are controlled from the MCDUs and the Flight Control Unit (FCU).（飞行管理和引导计算机的功能：飞行管理和引导可以从多功能控制显示组件和飞行控制组件来控制）Basically, the MCDUs provide the long term interface between the crew and the FMGCs (e.g. flight plan selection and modification) （基本上多功能控制显示组件在机组和飞行管理引导计算机之间提供长期的接口，例如飞行计划的选择和更改）while the FCU provides the short term interface (e.g. engagement of the autopilot, flight director and A/THR functions).（飞行控制组件提供短期的接口，例如:自动驾驶、飞行指引、自动油门的接通）Besides the MCDUs and the FCU, the main displays presenting Flight Management and Guidance information are the EFIS displays.（而且，多功能控制显示组件和飞行控制组件的主要显示是电子飞行仪表系统上的显示，这些显示有飞行管理和引导的信息）AUTOPILOT/FLIGHT DIRECTOR（自动驾驶/飞行指引）The main AP and FD functions are:（自动驾驶和飞行指引的功能有）- stabilization of the aircraft around its center of gravity when the AP/FD system holds vertical speed or flight path angle and heading or track,（当自动驾驶飞行指引来保持垂直速度、飞行航向角度、方向或轨迹时飞机围绕重心的稳定性）- acquisition and holding of a flight path,（获得并保持飞行航线）- guidance of the aircraft at take off,（飞机起飞的指引）- automatic landing and go around.（自动着陆和复飞）The AP function gives orders to control:（自动驾驶功能发出命令控制）- the position of the control surfaces on the three axes (pitch, roll and yaw),（飞控舵面在三个方向的位置，俯仰、滚转、偏航）- the nose wheel steering.（前轮转弯）The FD function generates optimum guidance orders used in manual controls.（飞行指引的功能是产生最合适的引导命令用于人工控制）The FDis also used to monitor the AP when it is engaged.（当自动驾驶接通时，飞行指引也监控自动驾驶）The FD symbols are displayed on the PFDs.（飞行指引在主飞行显示器上显示）AUTOTHRUST（自动推力）The A/THR system fulfills the following functions through the control of the thrust:（自动推力系统通过控制推力完成以下功能）- speed or mach hold (either FMGCs computed or from throttle levers position),（根据FMGC的计算或者推力杆的位置保持速度和马赫数）- thrust hold (either FMGS computed or from throttle lever position),（根据飞行管理引导系统或者推力杆的位置保持推力）- thrust reduction during descent and during flare in final approach,（在下降和最终进近平飞时的减推力）- protection against insufficient speed linked to excessive angle of attack.（大攻角保护，以防止失速）To fulfill the A/THR functions, the FMGCs communicate with the Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) via the FCU and the Engine Interface Units (EIUs).（为了实现自动推力功能，飞行管理引导计算机通过飞行控制组件和发动机接口组件与FADEC相联）FLIGHT AUGMENTATION（飞行增稳）The flight augmentation part fulfills the following functions:（飞行增稳包含以下内容）- rudder trim,（方向舵配平）- yaw damper,（偏航阻尼）- rudder travel limitation,（方向舵行程限制）- flight envelope protection,（飞行包线保护）- FIDS.（故障隔离和探测系统）For flight envelope protection, the FAC computes:（为了飞行包线保护，飞行增稳计算机计算如下参数）- the various speeds for aircraft operation (e.g. flaps limit speed),（飞机操作时的各种速度限制）- the excessive angle of attack and windshear detection,（大攻角保护和风切变探测）- the low energy warning, indicating to the crew that the aircraft is quickly decelerating and that thrust will have to be increased to recover a positive flight path angle through pitch control.（低功率警告，给机组指示飞机正快速减速同时通过配平手轮修正飞行航向）The FIDS function is only active in FAC 1.（仅有飞行增稳计算机1号有故障隔离和探测功能）FAC 1 is connected to the BITE of all the AFS computers and communicates to the Centralized Fault Display System (CFDS).（飞行增稳计算机1号与自动飞行计算机的BITE相连，并与CFDS 系统通讯）ATA 23 - Communications System（通讯系统）GENERAL（概述）The single aisle aircraft communication system has two sub-systems:（单通道飞机的通讯系统包含2个子系统）- radio communication,（无线电通讯）- on-board communication.（机上通讯）The radio communication systems are used for communications to and from the aircraft.（无线电通讯系统用于飞机进出的通讯）The on-board internal communication system is divided into 4 functions:（机上通讯系统分为4个功能）- service interphone (on ground only) for maintenance technician communication with cockpit or cabin thanks to several jack connectors around the A/C.（由于有围绕飞机的数个插孔，因此维护技术人员可以通过勤务内话与驾驶舱和客舱通讯）- Flight interphone for cockpit internal communication and also with the ground mechanic,（飞行内话用于驾驶舱的通讯，也可以用于地面技术人员与驾驶舱的通讯）- Passenger Address (PA) from the cockpit or from cabin crew stations for passenger announcements,（旅客地址系统用于从驾驶舱或者客舱的机组区域对旅客通知）- cabin interphone for cabin crew or cabin crew/pilots communication.（客舱内话用于客舱之间或者客舱和驾驶舱的通讯）RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM（无线电通讯系统）The radio communications system lets the crew communicate with ground stations through VHF, VHF Data Radio (VDR), HF, High Frequency Data Radio (HFDR) and SATCOM if installed.（无线电通讯系统让机组与地面通过甚高频、甚高频数据的无线电、高频、高频数据的无线电、卫星进行通讯）VHF1 and VHF2 used for flight crew voice communications（VHF1号和2号用于飞行员语音通讯）VDR3 used for ACARS and as voice backup（VHF Data Radio，VHF3号的无线电数据用于ACARS和语音备份）HF used when A/C beyond VHF range（当超出VHF频段时，可以使用HF）ON-BOARD COMMUNICATIONS（机上通讯）The on-board communication system is divided into 4 functions.（机上通讯分为四个功能）Flight interphone（飞行内话）PA（passenger announcement旅客广播）Cabin interphone system（客舱内话）Service interphone（勤务内话）ATA 24 - Electrical Power System（电源系统）GENERAL（概述）There are two identical engine driven generators called Integrated Drive Generators (IDGs). （有两个整体驱动发电机称为IDG）They are used as the main power source to supply the A/C electrical network.（他们作为飞机电网的主电源）The IDG basically contains, in a common housing, a generator and a Constant Speed Drive (CSD). （IDG基本组成：一个共有的客体、一个发电机、一个恒速驱动装置）The CSD gives a constant input speed to the generator, which is required for a constant output frequency.（由于发电机需要输出恒定的频率，恒速驱动装置给发电机一个恒速输入）Each generator supplies 115V 400Hz AC to its own bus:- generator 1 supplies AC bus 1,- generator 2 supplies AC bus 2. （每一个发电机给自己的汇流条提供115伏400赫兹的交流电，1号发电机给交流1号供电，2号发电机给交流2号供电）This supply is known as split operation, which means that the AC power sources are never connected in parallel.（这种供电是分离供电，意味着交流电源绝不能并行供电）Each AC bus supplies a Transformer Rectifier (TR):- AC bus 1 supplies TR 1,- AC bus 2 supplies TR 2.（每一个交流汇流条给一个变压整流器供电）The TRs convert 115V AC into 28V DC to supply their associated DC buses, DC 1 and DC 2.（变压整流器将115伏的交流电转换成28伏的直流电供给相应的直流1号汇流条和直流2号汇流条）DC bus 1 then supplies the DC BAT bus.（直流1号汇流条给直流电瓶汇流条供电）The DC battery bus can charge the batteries or receive power from the batteries as a backup supply, if no other power sources are available.（直流电瓶汇流条可以给电瓶充电，作为备份供电同时可以从电瓶接受供电）The electrical system also includes two ESSential (ESS) Buses. （电源系统还包含两个重要汇流条）One is the AC ESS bus fed by AC bus 1 and the other is the DC ESS bus fed by DC bus 1. （一个交流重要汇流条由交流1号汇流条供电，另一个直流重要汇流条由直流汇流条1号供电）These buses are used to supply the most critical A/C systems.（这些汇流条组成了最基本的飞机电源系统）The entire electrical network can also be supplied by the APU generator.（整个飞机电网也可以通过APU的发电机供电）On the ground, the aircraft electrical network can be supplied by an external power source.（在地面飞机电网也可以用地面电源供电）Any one of the power sources can supply the entire electrical network. （任何一种电源都可以给整个的飞机电网供电）As no parallel connection is allowed on this A/C (split operation), we have to give priorities to the different power sources in supplying the bus bars.（在飞机上不允许并行供电，不通电源的供电优先顺序是）AC 1 and AC 2 buses are supplied in priority by their own side generator, then the external power, then the APU generator and then by the opposite generator.（交流汇流条1和2分别由相应侧的发电机供电，然后是地面电源，然后是APU发电机，最后是相反侧的发电机）ABNORMAL CONFIGURATION（非正常构型）The electrical system has an ESS TR, which supplies the DC ESS Bus in abnormal or emergency configuration.（电源系统有一个重要变压整流器，在非正常或者应急构型时给直流重要汇流条供电）In abnormal configuration (loss of TR1 or TR2) the ESS TR is supplied by the AC ESS Bus.（在非正常构型下，无论是失去变压整流器1还是2，重要的边压整流器都由交流重要汇流条供电）EMERGENCY CONFIGURATION（紧急构型）The hydraulic power to drive the Emergency Generator (EMER GEN) is given by a Ram Air Turbine (RAT) via the blue hydraulic system.（冲压涡轮通过蓝液压系统驱动了一个应急发电机）RAT located in belly fairing, extends automatically when AC BUS 1 and 2 are lost.（冲压涡轮位于机腹，当交流1号额2号都失去时自动放出）Then, the EMER GEN supplies the DC ESS through AC ESS directly TR. （然后通过重要的变压整流器，交流重要汇流条可以给直流重要汇流供电）BATTERY ONLY CONFIGURATION（仅有电瓶的构型）In emergency configuration with emergency generator not available, BAT 1 supplies the AC ESS BUS via the static inverter and BAT 2 supplies the DC ESS BUS.（在紧急构型下如果应急发电机不可用，电瓶1号通过静变流机给交流重要汇流条供电，电瓶2号给直流重要汇流条供电）ATA26 - Fire Protection System（防火系统）The A320 family fire protection systems have:（A320系列的防火系统包括）- fire detection and extinguishing systems for the engines and APU,（带火警探测和灭火的发动机APU系统）- smoke detection for the avionics equipment and compartment,（电子设备舱的烟雾探测系统）- smoke detection and fire extinguishing for the cargo compartments and lavatories,（对于货舱和厕所的烟雾探测和灭火系统）- portable fire extinguishers for the flight compartment and the cabin.（驾驶舱和客舱的手提灭火瓶）ENGINE FIRE PROTECTION（发动机防火系统）The engine fire protection is fulfilled by two sub-systems: the FIRE detection system and the FIRE extinguishing system.（发动机防火系统包含两个子系统：火警探测和灭火系统）The engines have individual fire detection systems.（每台发动机有独立的火警探测系统）Each system has two identical detection loops (A and B) mounted in parallel.（每个系统有并联的独立的两个探测环路A和B）Each loop is made of 3 detector elements. （每个环路有3个探测原件）Both loops are monitored by a Fire Detection Unit (FDU). （两个环路都由火警探测组件监控）The FDU sends FIREand FAULT signals to the Flight Warning Computer (FWC) for display on ECAM.（火警探测组件给飞行警告计算机传送火警和故障的信号用于ECAM的指示）The guarded FIRE P/B switches give FIRE indication and the means to isolate affected systems. （带保护盖的火警手柄可以给出火警指示同样可以隔离受影响的系统）When the FIRE P/B is released out, fuel supply, hydraulic supply, electrical power and bleed supply are cut off. （当火警手柄释放时，燃油、液压、电源、引气都被切断）This also arms the extinguishing system.（这也是让灭火系统待命）Each engine is equipped with 2 fire bottles located in the pylon.（每个发动机在吊架内都装有两个灭火瓶）Each bottle is discharged by an associated AGENT P/B switch. （每个灭火瓶都有相应的灭火剂的按钮）The P/B switches are located on the overhead FIRE panel.（这个按钮位于头顶的火警面板上）The TEST buttons are used to test the respective fire detection and extinguishing system operation.（测试按钮可以测试各自的火警探测和灭火系统）The overhead FIRE panel handles both detection and extinguishing functions. （火警面板包含了探测和灭火功能）In addition to the indications on the FIRE panel, the ENG panel located on the pedestal is equipped with a red FIRE indicator light for each engine.（除了火警面板的指示之外，在中央操纵台的发动机面板上也有火警等用于指示每台发动机的火警）APU FIRE PROTECTION（APU防火）The APU fire protection is fulfilled by two sub-systems: the FIRE detection system and the FIRE extinguishing system. （APU防火系统包含两个子系统：火警探测和灭火系统）The detection system has two identical detection loops (A and B) mounted in parallel. .（探测系统有并联的独立的两个探测环路A和B）Each loop has a single detector element. （每个环路有1个探测原件）Both loops are monitored by a FDU. （两个环路都由一个火警探测组件监控）The FDU sends FIRE and FAULT signals to the FWC for display on ECAM .（火警探测组件给飞行警告计算机传送火警和故障的信号用于ECAM的指示）The guarded FIRE P/B switches give a FIRE indication and the means to isolate affected systems. （带保护盖的火警手柄可以给出火警指示同样可以隔离受影响的系统）When the FIRE P/B is released out, fuel, electrical power and bleed supply are cut off and the APU is immediately shut down. （当火警手柄释放时，燃油、电源、引气都被切断）This also arms the extinguishing system. （这也是让灭火系统待命）For the APU, there is just one fire extinguisher bottle. （对于APU来讲只有一个灭火瓶）It is discharged bya single AGENT P/B switch. （它由一个灭火剂释放电门控制释放）On the ground, an APU FIRE will trigger an APU automatic shutdown and discharge the bottle automatically.（在地面，APU火警将触发APU的自动管段和灭火瓶的自动释放）The TEST button is used to test the fire detection and extinguishing system operation. （测试按钮可以测试各自的火警探测和灭火系统）In case of an APU FIRE detected on the ground, an auto-extinguishing system will automatically shut down the APU and discharge the fire bottle into the APU compartment.（如果APU在地面探测到火警，自动灭火系统将自动关断APU并在APU舱自动释放灭火瓶）The auto-extinguishing system can be tested through the maintenance test panel located on the overhead panel.（在头顶的维护测试面板可以测试自动灭火系统）AVIONICS COMPARTMENT SMOKE DETECTION（电子舱烟雾探测）The A320 family aircraft has a cooling system for the avionics equipment. （A320系列的飞机在电子设备舱装有冷却系统）The cooling system is controlled and monitored by the Avionics Equipment Ventilation Controller (AEVC). （由电子设备通风计算机控制并监控冷却系统）The air is circulated through the system by a blower fan (cool air supply) working together with an extraction fan (warm air removal).（通过一个鼓风扇供冷气，通过一个抽风扇排热气，达到空气循环的目的）The extraction airflow is downstream of the avionics equipment, so the avionics SMOKE detector is installed in the extraction duct and will detect smoke coming from the computers and control boxes. （由于出口气流在电子设备的下游，因此烟雾探测器安装在出口管路用于探测从计算机和控制盒出来的气体）The detector is monitored by the AEVC. （电子设备通风计算机监控探测系统）The AEVC signals the FWC to show the AVIONICS SMOKE warning in the cockpit.（电子通风计算机给飞行警告计算机电子舱烟雾的警告）CARGO COMPARTMENT SMOKE PROTECTION（货舱烟雾探测）The cargo compartments are protected by both smoke detection and fire extinguishing systems.（货舱防火包括探测和灭火两部分）Each cargo compartment has cavities, and each cavity holds 2 smoke detectors. （每个货仓都有腔室，每个腔室装有两个探测器）The cargo compartments are ventilated by an air extraction system. （货舱由一个抽风系统进行通风）Air continuously circulates through the compartment and across the。