240th循环流化床锅炉结构分析报告与热力计算

摘要

循环流化床燃烧技术是20世纪80年代在锅炉上得以成功应用的一种清洁煤燃烧技术。由于它有高效、低污染、煤种适应性强等特点，在很多国家都得到了重视。我国自从上个世纪开始发展它，目前这种技术已相当成熟。

本文主要针对240T/H循环流化床锅炉的设计过程进行阐述。本设计中先进行了无脱硫工况及脱硫工况的燃料消耗量跟烟气量计算，随后进行了脱硫计算、热力计算、结构计算和烟气阻力计算等，在热力计算中，利用相似原理，采用逐步逼近的方法，进行迭代计算，确定了炉膛，汽冷旋风分离器和回料器的尺寸。循环流化床锅炉燃用的是烟煤，挥发性较高，故炉膛里采用前后墙对冲燃烧。炉膛底部使用水冷布风板，用以支持静态床料和保证气流的分布均匀。

本次设计的锅炉额定蒸发量240t/h，炉膛截面积52.878m2。从计算结果得知，该锅炉的设计合理，效率较高，可以供工程实际参考。本论文附锅炉本体图，炉膛水冷配风装置结构图，生产工艺流程图各一。

关键词:循环流化床锅炉脱硫热力计算结构分析

Abstract

The circulating fluidized bed (CFB) burning technology is a kind of clean coal burning technology which started from 1980's.For its high efficient, the low pollution and strong suitability for many coals，many countries have paid attention to the development of CFBB. Our country started the study of CFBB since 1980’s .Now, the technology is mature.

This essay elaborates the design process of 240T/H circulating fluidized bed boiler. In this design,I made a calculation of the without desulfurization condition, the status of desulfurization of fuel consumption and combustion flue gas.Then, I carried out the desulfurization calculation, thermodynamic calculation, strength calculation, the smoke and wind resistance calculation. In the thermodynamic calculation, It should be emphasized that similarity criterion and successive approximation method with iterative computing are used in determine the size of furnace, steam cold cyclone, recycling collector.As the boiler combusts bituminous coal,I choose swirl burners laying distribution board which can support the solid fuel and ensure the uniform airflow.

The efficiency of the boiler is 240t and the sectional area is 52.878m2. It can be seen from the calculating result that the entire design is rational and efficient, which indicates that the design can be provided as reference of actual engineering design. Drawings of the boiler ,cyclone and the flow process of refrigerant are attached in the end of the essay. Keywords circulatlng fluidized bed design of boier high temperature cyclone separator

目录

第一章绪论 (1)

第二章燃料与脱硫剂 (2)

2.1燃料 (2)

2.2脱硫剂 (2)

2.3脱硫与排烟有害物质的形成 (2)

第三章无脱硫工况燃烧计算 (3)

3. 1无脱硫工况下燃烧计算 (3)

3.2无脱硫工况下烟气体积计算 (3)

第四章物料循环倍率 (4)

4.1物料循环对锅炉燃烧特性的影响 (4)

4.1.1物料循环对炉燃烧的影响 (4)

4.1.2物料循环对热量分配的影响 (4)

4.1.3物料循环与变负荷的关系 (4)

4.1.4物料循环对脱硫、脱硝的影响 (4)

4.2物料循环倍率的选择 (4)

4.2.1燃料特性对循环倍率的影响 (5)

4.2.2热风温度及回送物料温度对循环倍率的影响 (5)

4.2.3最佳循环倍率确定 (5)

第五章脱硫工况计算 (6)

5.1燃烧和脱硫化学反应式 (6)

5.2脱硫计算 (6)

第六章燃烧产物热平衡 (11)

6.1炉膛燃烧产物热平衡方程式 (11)

6.2 燃烧产物热平衡计算 (11)