2021年大学英语四级完形填空备考技巧

2021年大学英语四级完形填空备考技巧
2021年大学英语四级完形填空备考技巧

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对于英语四级完形填空这一部分,在考试过程中,考生感觉是最困难的一部分,因为完形填空部分主要是测试学生综合运用语言的能力,即从语篇的角度综合测试阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。本部分共20道题,考试时间为15分钟,分值是占总分值710分的10%.对于完形填空这一部分,在考试过程中,考生可以借鉴以下几种解题策略来应对考试:

1.利用文章中心主题句解题方法------利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。

为给学生理解文章奠定基础,使学生更易于理解文章内容,出题者在设计完形填空试题时,总是保留一个完整的、或是大半个完整的表达主旨的句子。大家知道,文章的开头很重要,往往开宗明义点出文章主题。因此,整篇文章的提示句往往在开头。考生应充分利用段首句提供的信息,去挖掘文章的思路,寻找文章的脉络与线索。

2.分析认识文章结构,理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间的逻辑关系。

只有明白文章结构,了解各段落之间的关系,才能加深对文章的理解。明白了各部分是如何为表现主题思想服务的,也就更容易把握带空的句子所需要的是什么内容,因此就更容易选准答案了。这要求考生具有扎实的英语词组、短语、习惯用法等英语搭配的知识,这对于理解文章的逻辑关系特别有利。文章的逻辑关系不外乎列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、补充、目的、条件等关系。

表示列举的连词:first, second, third…;firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude…

表示原因的连词:because, since, as, now that…

表示结果的连词:so, therefore, thus, hence, aordingly, consequently, as a result

表示让步和转折的连词:however, nevertheless, noheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever

表示对照的连词:on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in parison, by parison, conversely

表示补充的连词:also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither, not…but…, not only…but also…

表示时间顺序的连词:when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, once

表示目的的连词:that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that

表示条件的连词:if, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, in case, so (as) long as, so far as, on condition (that), provided (that), providing (that)

3.利用上下文寻找解题信息

4.运用词汇、语法等方面的语言知识及搭配关系解题方法

做题时应注意文章中的搭配:

☆逻辑搭配:包括过渡词、连接手段、指代关系、肯定、否定等;

☆语义搭配:包括区别同义词、近义词、反义词、形近异义词、同形异义词;

☆结构搭配:指名词、动词、形容词等在句中或文中与其他词的搭配;

☆惯用搭配:即通常所说的固定短语。

5.运用排除法解题方法

如果不能很有把握地直接看出某一道题的答案,可以把排除法和词汇、语法分析结合起来运用,从而缩小选择的范围,提高答题准确率。这种情况有以下几种:

☆从时态、语态、语气、名词的数等各个角度分析所填内容是否与上下文一致,从而排除一些备选答案,缩小选择范围;

☆分析空白处与前后词之间的语义关联、搭配关系,从而排除一些选项;

☆弄清楚该题的句法关系,分析一下它是简单句、并列句,还是复合句;

☆判断所填的内容在句中充当什么成分,应是什么词性,并分析备选答案之间的异同,从而排除干扰项选出正确答案。

6. 运用背景知识和社会常识解题方法

解答完形填空题时,有时文章中提供的信息还不够,还需要考生把符合常识的一些知识信息结合起来考虑,最后选出符合常识的最佳答案。因此,考生的知识范围越广,对文章的理解就越容易,整体上知道所选短文在说什么,那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。

模板,内容仅供参考

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