自考英语(一)练习题及答案【三篇】
(全新)全国自考综合英语(一)试题及解析
⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯精选自学考料介绍⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯全国 2018 年 4 月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题课程代码： 00794请将答案填在答题纸相应地点上Ⅰ. 用适合语法形式或词汇填空。
从A 、B、 C 和 D 四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，并填入答题纸相应地点。
（本大题共 30 小题，每题 1 分，共 30 分）1．It was _____ that we went for a picnic in the country.A ． such nice a day B． such nice dayC． so nice a day D． so nice day2．I don ’ t think that Jack will come tomorrow morning, _________ ?A ． does he B． will heC． doesn ’ t he D． won’ t he3．By the end of next month I ______ here for five years.A ． will work B． have been workingC． have worked D． will have been working4．Much research _______ into the possible causes of the disease in the past few years.A ． has been done B． was doneC． have been done D． were done5．The manager would rather his daughter _____ in the same company.A ． would not work B． will not workC． does not work D． did not work6．Mike promised to keep me ______ how our business was going on.A ． informed B． informed ofC． to be informed D． to be informed of7．I have no objection ______ for a hike on the mountains with Cynthia.A ． to go B． goingC． to going D． of going8．____ a teacher in our college, it is necessary to have at least a master ’ s degree.A ． To become B． One becomesC． Becoming of D． Who becomes19．All the task ______ ahead of time, we planned to go on holiday for a week.A ． had fulfilled B． having fulfilledC． were fulfilled D． having been fulfilled10． Not until the game had begun ______ the sports ground.A ． did Peter arrive at B． Peter arrived atC． didn ’ t Peter arrive at D． Peter didn’ t arrive at11． I didn’ t send out my application form last ek,we but I ________.A ． had to B． might have toC． have had D． should have12． I will give the ticket to _______ wants to have it.A ． whomever B． whoeverC． some one D． anyone13． The reason _______ I did not go to the lecture yesterday was that I had something important to do.A ． which B． for thatC． because D． why14． Be careful with those explosives _______ end up killing ourselves.A ． then we won’t B． but we won’tC． or we will D． and we will15． I don’ t play basketball any more, _________ when I was a child.A ． but I used to B． I used toC． but I used to do D． I used to do16． Living here at the top of the mountain with no one else near, the old man must be very ____.A ． only B． aloneC． lone D． lonely17． Her name was on the waiting list for an emergency liver transplant, but no organ would be ______ for a month or two.A ． reliable B． acceptableC． available D． feasible18． ____ could give an old man greater pleasure than to imagine he was back in childhood again.2A ． Everything B． NothingC． Anything D． Something19． Many television _____ seem to enjoy watching the World Cup.A ． spectators B． lookersC． audience D． viewers20．To her ____ the men in her classes didn’ t deliberately try to embarrass her but accepted her asa fellow student.A ． sorrow and disappointmentB ． surprise and pleasureC． anger and frustration D ．hatred and resentment21． The classroom was silent _____ the busy scratching of pens on paper.A ． besidesB ． apart fromC． except for D ． except22． ____ publishing complete novels, he began to write stories in serial form.A ． Instead ofB ． In spite ofC． Instead D ．Beside23． The man loves nature and the soil. That is why he has bought a piece of land in the country and __________ to grow his own vegetables.A ． taken the difficultyB ． had the troubleC． had the difficulty D ． taken the trouble24． No matter how hard he tried, he couldn’ t ______ of what the old woman said.A ． work outB ． make senseC． make sure D ． figure out25． The teacher told us that we didn’ t have to _____ every new word we ran into when reading.A ． look overB ． look throughC． look up D ． look into26． When he wrote to his father that he wanted to ____ his education and get married, his father cut off his allowance.A ． give upB ． give outC． give in D ．give away27． His speech was warmly received. It was several minutes before the applause _______.3A ． died downB ． died ofC． died out D ．died off28． Mr. Zhang makes _____ a point to keep up with the latest development in his field.A ． this B． thatC． it D． these29． In many countries now seat belts are _____ for the driver and front seat passengers at least.A ． necessary B． in demandC． in need D． compulsory30． The imbalance between males and females could ______ serious consequences.A ． change into B． lead toC． turn to D． develop intoⅡ . 认真阅读下边两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。
英语一自考试题及答案
英语一自考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is NOT a reason why people might choose to learn English?A. For business purposes.B. For academic research.C. For watching Hollywood movies.D. For cooking recipes.2. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in parentheses: The company has _______ a new policy regarding remote work.A. implementedB. implementC. implementingD. to implement3. The correct preposition to complete the sentence "She is _______ the meeting" is:A. inB. atC. toD. during4. What is the past tense of the verb "to lead"?A. leadedB. ledC. leddenD. ledd5. Choose the sentence with the correct use of the definite article "the":A. I met the John at the airport yesterday.B. I met John at the airport yesterday.C. I met the John at airport yesterday.D. I met John at airport yesterday.6. The phrase "break the ice" is most commonly used to describe:A. Mending a broken object.B. Starting a fight.C. Beginning a conversation in a friendly manner.D. Halting a discussion abruptly.7. Which of the following is the correct spelling of the word meaning "to make something better"?A. improveB. enproveC. imroveD. emprove8. In the sentence "She is a _______ to the team," the most appropriate word to fill in the blank is:A. liabilityB. assetC. debitD. credit9. The word "serendipity" is best defined as:A. a planned discovery.B. an unexpected discovery.C. a deliberate choice.D. a forced decision.10. Choose the sentence with the correct subject-verb agreement:A. The team is has won the match.B. The team has won the match.C. The team are winning the match.D. The team was have won the match.二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The _______ (动词原形) of the word "success" is "succeed."12. If you _______ (动词过去式) to pass the exam, you will receive a certificate.13. The _______ (形容词比较级) you study, the better grades you will achieve.14. She is one of the _______ (形容词最高级) students in her class.15. The _______ (名词复数) of the meeting have been postponed due to bad weather.16. He _______ (动词过去分词) the house before he moved in.17. We _______ (动词现在进行时) a project when the power went out.18. They _______ (动词现在完成时) the work by the end of the week.19. The _______ (名词单数) of the museum is free on Tuesdays.20. He _______ (动词原形) not to disturb the sleeping baby.三、阅读理解（每题3分，共15分）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage:The rise of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we live and work. One of the most notable developments is the increase in remote work opportunities. Companies are now more open to the idea of employees working from home or any location outside the traditional office setting. This shift has been facilitated by advancements in communication technology, such as video conferencing and cloud computing, which allow for seamless collaboration and data sharing.21. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The drawbacks of remote work.B. The benefits of technology in business.C. The rise of technology and its impact on work.D. The challenges of using communication technology.22. According to the passage, what has made remote work more feasible?A. The need for office space.B. The advancements in communication technology.C. The desire for higher salaries.D. The lack of collaboration tools.23. What is one of the technologies mentioned in the passage that supports remote work?A. Video conferencing.B. Traditional office phones.C. Fax machines.D. Physical mail services.24. What is the author's attitude towards the rise of technology and remote work?A. Skeptical.B. Optimistic.C. Indifferent.D. Critical.25. What is the main reason companies are open to remote work?A. To reduce office space costs.B. To increase employee satisfaction.C. To facilitate better communication.D. To improve data sharing capabilities.四、作文（15分）26. Write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Lifelong Learning." Your essay should be at least。
2021年04月自学考试00012英语(一)试题答案
全国2021年04月高等教育自学考试英语（一）试题答案课程代码：000122021年04月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（一）试题答案及评分参考（课程代码00015）第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）1.B2.A3.C4.B5.D6.A7.C8.A9.A 10.B第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）11.D 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.B第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分）16.B 17.C 18.A 19.E 20.F21.A 22.C 23.B 24.E 25.D第四部分：填句补文（第26~30题，每题2分，共10分）26.C 27.B 28.A 29.F 30.D第五部分：填词补文（第31~40题，每题1.5分，共15分）31.C 32.E 33.K 34.J 35.B36.H 37.A 38.F 39.L 40.I第六部分：完形补文（第41~50题，每题1.5分，共15分）41.animals 42.effective 43.medical 44.important45.frequently 46.served 47.places 48.offering49.traditional 50.covers【评分参考】本部分无0.5和1分的计分，语法错误或拼写错误均不给分：英、美拼写均可接受：大小写错误不扣分。
第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分）51.范文（略）（1）评分原则本题总分为30分，按5个档次评分。
阅卷人应就总体印象给分，而不是按照语言错误的数量扣分。
评分时，先根据文章的内容要点、高章结构和语言运用初步确定其所属的档次，然后依照该档次的具体要求酌情增减分数，最后给分。
应避免分数趋中现象，即不能只给中间档次的分数。
该给高分时就应给高分（包含满分），该给低分时就应给低分（包含0分）。
拼写和标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。
高等教育自学考试《英语(一)》真题卷一
高等教育自学考试《英语（一）》真题卷一材料题根据下面资料（江南博哥），回答1-10题A Frightful ExperienceMr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route--through the boot (后备箱).Mr. Johnson's car had finished up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney, Kent, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. "Fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly," Mr. Johnson said. "I couldn't force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in. "Mr. Johnson,a sweet salesman of Sitting Home,Kent,first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.Later he said, " It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came. " It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by. "It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave, but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up. "His hands and arms cut and bruised (擦伤), Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmer' s wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket, he said, "That thirty minutes seemed like hours. " Only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch. 查看材料1. 【阅读判断】Mr. Peter Johnson succeeded in escaping through his car' s boot.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given正确答案：A参考解析：题干要求判断Mr. Peter Johnson是否成功地从车子的后备箱逃了出来。
自考综合英语一试题及答案
自考综合英语一试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
A篇In the small town of Greenfield, there is a library that has become the heart of the community. The library offers notonly books but also a variety of programs that cater to different age groups. For children, there is a storytime session every Saturday morning, which is led by volunteersfrom the town. Adults can attend workshops on topics such as financial planning and gardening. The elderly are welcome to join a book club that meets on the first Monday of each month.1. What is the main purpose of the Greenfield library?A. To provide books for borrowing.B. To serve as a community center.C. To organize workshops for adults.D. To run a book club for the elderly.2. Who leads the storytime session for children?A. Librarians.B. School teachers.C. Town volunteers.D. The elderly.3. What type of program is available for adults?A. Financial planning.B. Sports activities.C. Cooking classes.D. Travel talks.4. When does the book club for the elderly meet?A. Every Saturday morning.B. On the first Monday of each month.C. Twice a week.D. Once a week.答案：1. B2. C3. A4. BB篇John Smith has been working at the local supermarket for two years. He started as a cashier but was recently promoted to the position of assistant manager. His new responsibilities include managing the staff, overseeing the daily operations, and ensuring customer satisfaction. Despite the increased workload, John enjoys the challenges and finds the experience rewarding. He is also taking evening classes to improve his management skills.5. What was John Smith's initial job position at the supermarket?A. Assistant manager.B. Sales associate.C. Cashier.D. Stock clerk.6. What are John's new responsibilities?I. Managing the staff.II. Supervising the cashiers.III. Ensuring customer satisfaction.IV. Restocking shelves.A. I, II, and IIIB. I, III, and IVC. II, III, and IVD. I, II, III, and IV7. Why does John take evening classes?A. To improve his sales skills.B. To enhance his management skills.C. To learn about customer service.D. To prepare for a new job.8. How does John feel about his promotion?A. He is overwhelmed by the workload.B. He finds it challenging and rewarding.C. He prefers his old position.D. He is bored with the new responsibilities.答案：5. C6. B7. B8. B二、词汇与语法（共20分，每题2分）9. The company is expected to ________ a 20% increase in profits this year.A. accomplishB. achieveC. obtainD. reach10. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work is continuing ________.A. thereforeB. moreoverC. neverthelessD. otherwise11. She has a ________ knowledge of French, which allows her to communicate with French speakers.A. fundamentalB. basicC. limitedD. profound12. The scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for his________ in the field of physics.A. contributionB. donationC. presentationD. performance13. If you ________ to the meeting, please let me know by email.A. will goB. are goingC. goD. went14. The children were so excited about the trip that they could hardly ________.A. waitB. waitedC. waitingD. to wait答案：9. B10. C11. B12. A13. B14. A三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）Once upon a time, in a small village, there lived a wise old man who was known for his ability to solve the most complex problems. One day, a young boy approached the old man with a puzzle."Good sir," said the boy, "I have a box with a light insideit. When I press the button, the light turns on, and when I press it again, the light turns off. However, I have forgotten the sequence of the button presses that makes the light stay on."The old man thought for a moment。
自考英语一参考答案
自考英语一参考答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 根据题目所给的语境，选择正确的单词或短语填空。
- (1) The correct answer is "consequences" because the sentence implies a discussion about the outcomes of actions. - (2) The appropriate word is "influenced" as it indicates that the person was affected by something or someone.2. 根据题目要求，选择正确的语法结构。
- (3) The correct answer is "had been completed" because the sentence is in the past perfect tense, indicating an action that was finished before another past action.- (4) The correct form is "will have been" as it is a future perfect continuous tense, suggesting an ongoing action that will be completed by a certain point in the future.3. 根据题目所给的句子，判断其正确性。
- (5) The sentence is incorrect because it should be "She has been working here since she graduated from the university."- (6) The sentence is correct as it stands.二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读A篇，回答以下问题。
自考英语一考试题及答案
自考英语一考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is a verb?A) AppleB) RunC) MountainD) Beautiful答案：B2. The phrase "break a leg" is used to:A) Wish someone good luckB) Wish someone to have an accidentC) Tell someone to stopD) Ask someone to sit down答案：A3. Fill in the blank: "I have been studying English for ______."A) two yearsB) two yearC) two years agoD) two years old答案：A4. The opposite of "agree" is:A) DisagreeB) AgreeC) DislikeD) Like答案：A5. Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentence: "I will meet you ______ the library."A) atB) inC) onD) to答案：A6. What does the abbreviation "ID" stand for?A) International DriverB) IdentificationC) IdeaD) Internet Database答案：B7. The correct form of the verb "to be" for the third person singular in the present tense is:A) amB) isC) areD) be答案：B8. Fill in the blank with the correct comparative form: "She is ______ than her sister."A) tallB) tallerC) tallestD) more tall答案：B9. The phrase "take a rain check" means:A) To cancel an event due to rainB) To accept an offer at a later timeC) To refuse an offerD) To check the weather答案：B10. Which of the following is a countable noun?A) AdviceB) FurnitureC) WeatherD) Information答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The teacher asked the students to ______ their books andlisten carefully.答案：close2. The ______ of the mountain was covered with snow.答案：peak3. She was ______ at the news of her friend's success.答案：delighted4. The ______ of the company is to provide excellent customer service.答案：mission5. He is ______ to his father in appearance.答案：similar6. The ______ of the book is quite interesting.答案：plot7. The ______ of the river is very wide.答案：mouth8. She is ______ to be a doctor.答案：qualified9. The ______ of the project was delayed due to bad weather. 答案：completion10. The ______ of the meeting room was full.答案：capacity三、阅读理解（每题4分，共20分）阅读以下短文，回答问题。
自考英语一试题及答案
自考英语一试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Passage 1In the past, people used to think that the world was flat. However, with the development of science and technology, we now know that the Earth is round. The Earth is not a perfect sphere, but an oblate spheroid, which means it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. This shape is due to the Earth's rotation, which causes the equatorial region to bulge outward.1. What was the common belief about the Earth's shape in the past?A. The Earth is round.B. The Earth is flat.C. The Earth is an oblate spheroid.D. The Earth is a perfect sphere.2. What causes the Earth to be slightly flattened at the poles?A. The Earth's rotation.B. The Earth's gravity.C. The Earth's magnetic field.D. The Earth's atmosphere.Passage 2The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and live. It has made information more accessible and has connected people across the globe. However, with the rise of social media, there has been a concern about privacy and the spread of misinformation. Despite these challenges, the Internet remains an essential tool for modern life.3. What is one of the main benefits of the Internet mentioned in the passage?A. It has made information more accessible.B. It has reduced global communication.C. It has increased the cost of communication.D. It has decreased the need for privacy.4. What is a concern associated with the rise of social media?A. The spread of accurate information.B. The improvement of privacy.C. The spread of misinformation.D. The reduction of global connectivity.二、词汇与结构（共20分）用所给词的适当形式填空。
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自考英语(一)练习题及答案【三篇】【第一篇】1.Being a good leader，one ______ to think more of others. 【C 】A. mustB. mayC. oughtD. should【答案解析】：译文：作为一位好领导，应多考虑别人。
ought to+动词原彤表示“道义上应当…”。
2.It‘s quite ______ me why such things have been allowed to happen. 【D 】A. forB. behindC. againstD. beyond【答案解析】：作为介词，beyond可指范围，意为“在/向……那边，超过”，也可指时间，意为“到……以后”[(of time)later than]，还可以用于比喻，意为“超出，为……所不及”(surpassing，exceeding，out of reach of)。
3.The factory manufactures a ______ of products. 【A 】A. varietyB. mixtureD. volume【答案解析】：译文：这家工厂生产各种各样的产品。
此题考查短语搭配。
a variety of意思为“各种各样的”。
4.He continued speaking，regardless ______ my feelings. 【B 】A. in B. ofC. onD. about【答案解析】：译文：不顾我的感情，他继续讲下去。
regardless of 意思为“不顾，不管”5.If traffic problems are not solved soon，driving in this city ______ impossible. 【C 】A. becomeB. becomesC. will becomeD. has become【答案解析】：译文：如果交通问题不能很快解决，那么在这个城市里驾车将成为不可能。
此题考察一般将来时。
6.The boss asked his secretary to go to a concert and she ______ his invitation with pleasure. 【B 】A. receivedC. rejectedD. refused【答案解析】：译文：老板邀请他的秘书去听音乐会，她愉快地接受了邀请。
此题考查词汇。
receive表示客观“收到”;accept表示主观“接受”;rej ect意为“抛弃。
拒绝”;refuse表示“拒绝”。
从句中的with pleasure可知秘书“接受”了邀请。
答案为B.7.This tool machine is capable ______ being improve【D 】D.A. toB. inC. withD. of【答案解析】：be capable of：能够，有能力。
8.We ______ very close，but things have changed recently. 【A 】A. used to beB. are used to beingC. are used to beD. were used to being【答案解析】：表示“过去常常”用used to do(be)。
译文：我们过去非常亲近。
但近来事情已经发生变化。
9.He found it difficult to make himself ______. 【A 】B. be understoodC. understandD. to understand【答案解析】：make sb done：使某人被……。
本题中的make himself understood意思是“使他自己被理解”。
句中的it是形式宾语，make himself understood是真正的宾语。
句意：他发现让别人理解自己很困难。
10.It rained hard yesterday，______ prevented me from going to the park. 【B 】A. thatB. whichC. asD. it【答案解析】：逗号后面是which引导的非限定性定语从句，which 指代前面的整个句子。
11.He was busily engaged ______ writing letters. 【B 】A. onB. inC. withD. by【答案解析】：be engaged in：从事，忙于。
12.Do remember to ______ the light when you leave the room. 【C 】A. turn upB. turn onC. turn offD. turn down【答案解析】：根据句意，应该选择“关闭”。
句意：离开房间时一定记着把灯关掉。
13.The atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases ______ miles high. 【B 】A. hundredsB. hundreds ofC. of hundredsD. of hundreds of【答案解析】：译文：大气由上百英里高的气体组成。
“hundred，thousand等数词的复数形式+of短语”表示的是不确切的数量。
14.Not only the students but also the old teacher ______ been changed. 【C 】A. wasB. wereC. hasD. have【答案解析】：not only…but also…是固定搭配，意思是：不但……而且……。
它需要遵循就近原则，谓语动词应与the old teacher一致，所以答案是C.15.—— ________ I had!—— You really suffered a lot. 【A 】A. What a timeB. What timeC. How a timeD. how time【答案解析】：感叹句分两类：1.What + n.+主谓部分2.How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。
本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相当于What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。
16.The advertisements are trying ________ people to buy things they don‘t really need.【D 】A. persuadeB. persuadingC. be persuadingD. to persuade【答案解析】：try to do：试图做某事。
17.Practice ________ English every day. 【D 】A. speakB. to speakD. speaking【答案解析】：本题考查的是practice后面要跟动词的ing形式。
18.The discount houses were first established in that period of time ________ people‘s purchasing power was low. 【C 】A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where【答案解析】：先行词是in that period of time，所以关系词应选择when.19.Please write a report ________ the above subjects are to be covered. 【B 】A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. in that【答案解析】：in which the above subjects are to be covered是report 的定语从句。
which指代先行词report，in用于与report搭配。
20.The reason ________ I‘m writing is to ask for your permission to translate your latest novel into Chinese. 【B 】A. becauseC. forD. as【答案解析】：本题考查的是定语从句的用法。
先行词是the reason;引导词why表示原因。
【第二篇】1.Advertising is only part of the total sales effort，but it is the part that ________ the most attention. 【B 】A. attacksB. attractsC. attachesD. attributes【答案解析】：这后半句为强调主语的强调句，意思为这部分最吸引注意。
答案为B.2.That student ________ his hand every time the teacher asks a question. 【C 】A. lets upB. gets upC. puts upD. rises up【答案解析】：let up：停止，放松;get up：起床;put up：举起，抬起;rise up：起义，叛变。
3.For a week she worked with us in the village，_______ her poor health. 【C 】A. as a result ofB. on account ofC. in spite ofD. despite of【答案解析】：译文：尽管她的健康不佳，她仍与我们在村里工作了一星期。
in spite of意思为“尽管”，相当于despite，表让步。
4.Some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to _______ in other fields. 【A 】A. succeedB. resultC. achieveD. score【答案解析】：本句为带有修饰主语的定语从句的主从句，而在主句中缺少的不定式与定语从句中的successful相呼应。
5.I wonder who will _______ as secretary of our club next year. 【B 】A. take upB. take overC. take oneD. take on【答案解析】：本题考查词组辨析。
take over：接任;接管;接收。