全国专业四级英语填空题常考结构2
英语专业四级语言知识及完形填空题型解析
英语专业四级语言知识及完形填空题型解析英语专业四级语言知识及完形填空题型解析英语专业四级语言知识及完形填空题型解析 1一、近义词辨析题表示“真实的”的形容词可以有true, genuine, real 等，不一而足，但含义上彼此有差异，用法也不尽一样，比方true强调“符合真理的，正确的”，genuine强调“非人造的，货真价实的”，real那么强调“事件的真实性”，可理解为“显示的，并非虚假的”。
此时就要注意结合考题的上下文，选择符合要求的词汇。
二、词根词缀辨析题英语单词的构成可包含三个成分：前缀+词根+后缀。
下面我们以respectable(体面的，高尚的，值得尊敬的)这个词为例：“re-”是前缀，表示“重复做某动作”;“spect”是词根，意思是一个动作——“看”;而“-able”是后缀，它首先提醒了该单词的词性是形容词，另外，这个形容词后缀的意思是“可以……的，值得……的”。
而英语中，很多单词含有一样的词根，即含义上有一定的联络性，此时就比拟难判断词义用法。
如respectable的同根词有respectful (态度恭敬的)和respective (各自的)。
这三个单词的词根都是“spect”，拼写也有些相似，但词义相去甚远。
平时复习时，考生应当重点积累这类含有一样词根的词汇，并且背单词时要学会掌握常见词根、前缀、后缀的含义，从而在解题时才可以运用构词法知识来判断词语含义。
三、动词词组题动词词组永远是考试的重点，尤其要注意同一个动词与不同介词组合，可结合成含义不同的词组，以动词give为例：“give out”表示“分发物品”;“give off”表示“散发出光辉或气味”;“give up”表示“放弃”;“give in”表示“屈从，投降，让步”。
考题中常给出一个动词，而后面用什么介词与之搭配，那么需要考生在选项中选词填空。
因此，考生在背单词时，需要专门花时间积累“动词+介词”词组。
四、从句引导词题英语的从句包括主语从句、表语从句、状语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句等。
英语专业四级完形填空
• The superstition is supposed to （46） in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods. （2006） • A have originated B be originating C be originated D originate
•
A. however B. nevertheless C. so D. therefore
• If you must pass under a ladder you can avoid bad luck by crossing your fingers and keeping them crossed until you have seen a dog. (36) , you may lick your finger and make a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe until the mark has dried. • A Consequently B However • C Comparatively D Alternatively
• 表两方面：alternatively, on the one hand….on the other hand, either…or • 表时间顺序：in the meantime, meanwhile, meantime, at the same time, prior to, previously, afterwards • 表并列：and, either…or, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, on the one hand… on the other hand…, ….as well as…,
全国专业四级英语填空题常考结构（3）
九、⽐较结构⽐较结构中要注意两点：1、倒装性；2、对称性 例1：Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than___eastern Nebraska. (A) does (B) in (C) it does in (D) in it does 分析：than引导⽐较状语从句，空格后⾯是个专有名词，肯定是⽐较从句的主语，空格处明显缺从句的谓语动词，只有（A）符合条件，故选（A）。
注意than eastern Nebraska does 是正确的语序，但是原⽂中使⽤了倒装；在⽐较结构的后⾯部分中，如果⽐较从句的主语长，谓语动词短，动词可放到主语前⾯进⾏到装。
例2： Hot objects emit___do cold objects. (A) rays more than infrared (B) rays are more infrared than (C) more than infrared rays (D) more infrared rays than 分析：emit为及物动词，空格处缺宾语和引导⽐较从句的than, 只有（D）符合条件。
注意空格后为倒装形式，do代替emit以避免重复。
此题为常考的句⼦结构。
⽐较结构中还需要注意相互⽐较的必须属于同⼀种事物例 例3：The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than___. (A) the domestic marketer has (B) the domestic marketer does (C) those of the domestic marketer (D) that which has the domestic marketer 分析：本题还是考查⽐较句，由于谓语动词是系动词are, 故先排除与其不对应的以has和does结尾的（A）和（B）。
大学英语四级选词填空答题技巧及构词思维导图
第二步：整理选项
• 标出15 个选项的词性，名词前写n,动词前写 v 等等。目前 • 四级考试只考实词中的四种：名词 , 动词 ，形容词，副词 。
不考代词和数词 ；也不考虚词（冠词,介词, 连词 ,感叹词）
选项 A）cautiously B）commit C）control D）cycling E）effectively F）increased G）involved H）limited I）phenomenon J）preventing K）sensitive L）slowing M）solution N）sufficient O）vigorous
有效地，实际上 增加，上升的
M）solution
涉及，包含
限制，局限，有限的
现象 [fəˈnɒmɪnən]
动名词，动词现在 分词
形容词
阻止，防止 敏感的
动名词，现在分词， 减缓，缓慢的 形容词
可数名词单数
பைடு நூலகம்
解决方案，溶液
形容词
足够的 [səˈfɪʃnt]
形容词
有活力的 [ˈvɪɡərəs]
动词 B）commit C）control
选项 A）cautiously B）commit C）control D）cycling E）effectively F）increased G）involved H）limited I）phenomenon J）preventing K）sensitive L）slowing M）solution N）sufficient O）vigorous
选择题
英语专四新题型选词填空做题技巧PPT学习教案
三、 真题演练
第18页/共35页
2014年6月份真题选词填空
A) appealing B) average C) contributing D) dramatic E) frequently . F) impact G) line
H) maintain I) melted J) persist K) ranging L) recently M) resolved N) sensible O) shock
二、选词填空解题步骤和技巧 第一步：整理选项 - classify the options 整理选项。大概花费1分钟，即辨别每个单词的词 性。分别标出15个备选项的词性，比如在名词旁标 注n.，在动词旁写上v.，形容词旁标注adj.，副词旁 写上adv.等。目前四级考试只考实词（notional words）中的四种：名词n、动词v、形容词adj、副 词adv； （不考代词和数词；也不考虚词（冠词art, 介词prep, 连词conj, 感叹词interj） ）
3v6.____away. However , we have already reached temperatures that are in 37_n__._with other
minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are 38待__定__to a predicted worldwide in increase in temperatures 39v_._+_in_gbetween 1℃ and 6℃ over the next 100
第16页/共35页
二、 选词填空解题步骤和技巧
2英语专业四级完形填空
Ⅲ. 解题步骤
• • 1.浏览全文，了解大意 完形填空不同于单项的选择填空，它要求 学生有较强的语篇分析能力。我们知道一 篇文章就是一个整体，尽管被抽掉若干词 而显得残缺不全，但文章的基本轮廓不会 受到太大的影响。 2. 注重首句，推测全文
•
三．语篇线索（语篇三原则）
相信出现在完形里的文章都是用词准确，过渡自然，逻辑严谨
的完整语篇，这就包括了一些语篇规则：1. 对称原则
（1）强调性对称（同一词） 例1：He spoke perfect Korean—I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, until I saw him again in New York speaking ______ English instead of perfect Korean. A. artificial B. informal C. perfect D. practical 题解：instead of 要求语义对称，故选C。
4. 语篇类题
• 除了考察词汇和语法外，英语专业四级考 试中的完形填空更加注重考查语篇的衔接 性和连贯性。要求学生能够理解语篇的结 构，分清句子与句子之间、段落与段落之 间内在的逻辑关系，从而在此基础上找出 关键词语将整个语篇连贯起来。 • 经常出现在完形填空中表示逻辑关系的有 连词、副词、介词词组和插入语等。
• 表两方面：alternatively, on the one hand….on the other hand, either…or • 表时间顺序：in the meantime, meanwhile, meantime, at the same time, prior to, previously, afterwards • 表并列：and, either…or, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, on the one hand… on the other hand…, ….as well as…,
英语专业四级完形填空汇总练习题附答案
英语专业四级完形填空汇总练习题附答案 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#一四级英语每日练习Passage 1It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better 1)______ math than girls, that male high school students are more likely than their female counterparts 2)______ advanced math courses like calculus, that virtually all the great mathematicians 3)______ men. Are women born with 4)______ mathematical ability Or does society's sexism slow their progress In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried 5)______ theeternal nature/nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow 6)______ 10,000 talented seventh and eighth graders between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, in which math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered 7)______ sex differences. 8)______ the verbal abilities of the males and females 9)______ differed, twice as many boys as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 to 1. The conclusion: males have 10)______ superior mathematical reasoning ability. Benbow and Stanley's findings, 11)______ were published in "Science", disturbed some men and 12)______ women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math 13)______ not, after all, a natural male domain. Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 tenth graders. They were selected from geometry classes andtested on their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring14)______ abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion 15)______ by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.1. A. at B. to C. of D. about2. A. in tackling B. tackling C. to tackle D. about tackling3. A. might be B. have been C. must be D. had been4. A. smaller B. less C. fewer D. not more5. A. to settle B. to set C. settling D. setting6. A. were tested B. have tested C. were testing D. had tested7. A. distinct B. instinct C. remote D. vague8. A. Since B. However C. As D. While9. A. scarcely not B. virtually C. largely D. hardly10. A. superficially B. universally C. inherently D. initially11. A. as B. that C. which D. all12. A. few B. not a few C. not few D. quite few13. A. be B. were C. was D. is14. A. none of B. neither of C. either D. both15. A. got B. gained C. reached D. accomplishedPassage 2We all know that a magician does not really depend on "magic" to perform his tricks, but on his ability to act at great speed. 16)______,this does not prevent us from enjoying watching a magician 17)______rabbits from a hat. 18)______ the greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini who died in 1926. Houdini mastered the art of 19)______. He could free himself from the tight test knots or the most complicated locks in seconds.20)______ no one really knows how he did this, there is no doubt 21)______ he had made a close study of every type of lock ever invented. He liked to carry a small steel needle like tool strapped to his leg and he used this inplace of a key.Houdini once asked the Chicago police to lock him in prison. They22)______ him in chains and locked him up, but he freed himself 23)______ an instant. The police 24)______ him of having used a tool and locked him up again . This time he wore no clothes and there were chains round his neck, waist, wrists, and legs; but he again escaped in a few minutes. Houdini had probably hidden his "needle" in a wax like 25)______ and dropped it on the floor in the passage. 26)______ he went past, he stepped on it so that it stuck to the bottom of his foot. His most famous escape, however, was27)______ astonishing. He was heavily chained up and enclosed in an empty wooden chest, the lid of 28)______ was nailed down. The 29)______ was dropped into the sea in New York harbor. In one minute Houdini had swum to the surface. When the chest was 30)______, it was opened and the chains were found inside.16. A. Generally B. However C. Possibly D. Likewise17. A. to produce B. who produces C. produce D. how to produce18. A. Out of the question B. Though C. Probably D. Undoubted19. A. escaping B. locking C. opening D. dropping20. A. Surprisingly B. Obviously C. Perhaps D. Although21. A. if B. whether C. as to D. that22. A. involved B. closed C. connected D. bound23. A. at B. by C. in D. for24. A. rid B. charged C. accused D. deprived25. A. candle B. mud C. something D. substance26. A. As B. Usually C. Maybe D. Then27. A. overall B. all but C. no longer D. altogether28. A. it B. which C. that D. him29. A. chest B. body C. lid D. chain30. A. brought up B. sunk C. broken apart D. snapped二Passage 3Who won the World cup 1998 football game What happened at the United Nations How did the critics like the new play 31)______ an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets giving the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reporters are on the spot to gather the news. Newspapers have one basic 32)______, to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 33)______ it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 34)______ inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 35)______, this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly make use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 36)______ and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 37)______ and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out into many other fields. Besides keeping readers 38)______ of the latest news, today's newspapers educate and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices 39)______ advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 40)______. Newspapers are sold at a price that 41)______ even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 42)______ of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The success in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This 43)______ in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper Circulation depends somewhat on the workof the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 44)______ in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as source of information 45)______ the community, city, country, state, nation and world and even outer space.31. A. Just when B. While C. Soon after D. Before32. A. reason B. cause C. problem D. purpose33. A. make B. publish C. know D. write34.A. anotherB. otherC. one anotherD. the other35.A. HoweverB. AndC. ThereforeD. So36.A. valueB. ratioC. rateD. speed37.A. spreadB. passedC. printedD. completed38.A. informB. be informedC. to be informedD. informed39.A. onB. throughC. withD. of40.A. formsB. existenceC. contentsD. purpose41.A. tries to coverB. manages to coverC. fails to coverD. succeeds in42.A. sourceB. originC. courseD. finance43.A. measuresB. measuredC. is measuredD. was measured44.A. offeringB. offeredC. which offeredD. to be offered45.A. byB. withC. atD. aboutPassage 4The United States is well known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. 46)______ these wide modern roads are generally 47)______ and well maintained, with 48)______ sharp curves andstraight sections, a direct route is not always the most 49)______ one.Large highways often pass 50)______ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally 51)______ large urban centers, which means that they become crowded with 52)______ traffic during rush hours,53)______ the "fast, direct" route becomes a very slow route.However, there is almost always another routeto take 54)______ you are not in a hurry. Not far from the 55)______ new "superhighways", there are often older, 56)______ heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside. 57)______ of these are good two lane roads; others are uneven roads curving through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high 58)______, or down frightening hillsideto towns 59)______ in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes,longer and slower, they generally go to places 60)______the air is clean and scenery is beautiful, and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh, clean view of the world.46.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. BecauseD. Therefore47.A. stableB. splendidC. smoothD. complicated48.A. littleB. fewC. muchD. many49.A. terribleB. possibleC. enjoyableD. profitable50.A. toB. intoC. overD. by51.A. leadB. connectC. collectD. communicate52.A. largeB. fastC. highD. heavy53.A. whenB. forC. butD. that54.A. unlessB. ifC. asD. since55.A. relativelyB. regularlyC. respectivelyD. reasonably56.A. andB. lessC. moreD. or57.A. AllB. SeveralC. LotsD. Some58.B. cliffsC. roadsD. paths59.A. lyingB. layingC. laidD. lied60.A. thereB. whenC. whichD. wherePassage 5Early Tudor England was to a large extentself-sufficient. Practically all the necessities of life -- food, clothing, fuel and housing -- were produced from native resources by native effort, and it was to 61)______ these primary needs that the great mass of the population labored 62)______ its daily tasks. Production was for the most part organized in innumerable small units. In the country the farm, the hamlet and the village lived on 63)______ they could grow or make for themselves, and 64) ______ the sale of any surplus in the local market town, 65)______ in the towns craftsmen applied themselves to their one-man business, making the boots and shoes, the caps and the cloaks, the 66)______ and harness of townsmen and countrymen 67)______. Once a week town and country would meet to make 68)______ at a market which came 69) ______ realizing the medieval idea of direct contact between producer and 70)______. This was the traditional economy, which was hardly altered for some centuries, and which set the 71) ______ of work and the standard of life of perhaps nice out of 72) ______ ten English men and women. The work was long and 73)______, and the standard of life achieved was almost 74)______ low. Most Englishmen lied by a diet which was often 75)______ and always monotonous, wore coarse and ill-fitting clothes which harbored dirt undermine, and lived in holes whose squalor would affront the modern slum dweller.61.A. settleB. answerC. satisfy62.A. atB. inC. onD. with63.A. whichB. whatC. whetherD. where64.A. withB. byC. onD. for65.A. althoughB. whileC. neverthelessD. when66.A. machinesB. apparatusC. equipmentD. implement67.A. similarB. skinC. likeD. alike68.A. exchangeB. bargainC. dealingD. ride69.A. close atB. adjacent toC. near toD. near-by70.A. consumerB. buyerC. userD. shopper71.A. modelB. formC. patternD. method72.A. everyB. eachC. theD. other73.A. cruelB. hardC. ruthlessD. severe74.A. unimaginativelyB. unimaginablyC. imaginarilyD. unimaginedly75.A. weakB. littleC. meagerD. sparsePassage 6Unlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by one man to suit a particularpurpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was to invent a vigorous game that could be played indoors in the winter.In 1891, Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying 76)______ up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy 77)______ the football and baseball seasons. None of the standard indoor activities 78)______ their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school.He first tried to 79)______ some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too rough. The men were getting bruised form tackling each other and 80)______ hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact.Most popular sports used a ball, so he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it 81)______ no equipment, such as a bat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided 82)______ an elevated goal, so that scoring world depend on skill and accuracy rather than on 83)______ only.His goals were two peach baskets, 84)______ to ten-foot-high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic 85)______ of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith worth rules for the game, 86)______ of which, though with some small changes, are still87)______ effect.Basketball was an immediate success. The students 88)______ it to their friends and the new sport quickly 89)______ on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games 90)______ the world.76.A. to have comeB. comingC. comeD. to come77.A. between? ? ? ?B. duringC. whenD. for78.A. rousedB. heldC. hadD. were79.A. imitateB. adoptC. adaptD. renovate80.A. beingB. to beC. beenD. were81.A. requestedB. usedC. requiredD. took82.A. onB. toC. ofD. with83.A. powerB. strengthC. forceD. might84.A. fixedB. fixingC. that fixD. which fixed85.A. methodB. ruleC. wayD. ideaB. muchC. manyD. little87.A. withB. in? ? ? ?C. onD. for88.A. definedB. spreadC. taughtD. discussed89.A. wentB. tookC. putD. caught90.A. ofB. throughoutC. amongD. through1. A2. C3. B4. B5. A6. D7. A8. D9. D10. C11. C12. B13. D16. B17. C18. C19. A20. D21. D22. D23. C24. C25. D26. A27. D28. B29. A30. A31. C32. D33. C34. B35. A36. D37. C38. D39. B40. B41. C42. A43. C44. B45. D46. A47. C48. B49. C50. D51. B52. D55. A56. B57. D58. B59. A60. D61. C62. A63. B64. C65. B66. D67. D68. A69. C70. A71. C72. A73. B74. B75. C76. D77. A78. B79. C80. A81. C82. A83. B84. A85. D86. C87. B88. C89. B90. B ClozeDecide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correct choice for each blank.Aesthetic thought of a distinctively modern bent emerged during the 18th century.? ? The western philosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters (1)_____ natural beauty, the sublime, and representation -- a trend reflecting the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature.? ? (2)_____ that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more (3)_____ and has begun to (4)_____ the philosophy of nature.? ? Various issues (5)_____ to the philosophy of art have had a (6)_____ impact (7)_____ the orientation of 20th-century aesthetics.? ?(8)_____ among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and(9)_____ the distinction between representation and expression.? ? Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of art.? ? Two opposing theoretical positions (10)_____ on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, (11)_____ the other maintains that art is intrinsically valuable and is an end in itself.? ? Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics.? ? In recent years there has also been an increasing (12)_____ with art as the prime object of critical judgment.? ? Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, (13)_____ have followed (14)_____ of two approaches.? ? In one, criticism is restricted to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art.? ? (15)_____, it is devoted to articulating the response to the aesthetic object and to(16)_____ a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad field of knowledge and inquiry.? ? The concerns of contemporary aesthetics include such (17)_____ problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to culture; the (18)_____ of a history of art; the (19)_____ of Freudian psychology and other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in practical (20)_____ in the conduct of everyday affairs.1.A. forB. asC. toD. with2.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. In3.A. promotionalB. promissoryC. promiscuousD. prominent4.A. plantB. supplantC. transplantD. replant5.A. centralB. concentratingC. focusingD. centering6.A. markingB. remarkingC. markedD. remarked7.A. onB. forC. inD. to8.A. ForebodyingB. ForemostC. ForethoughtfulD. Foregone9.A. forB. forC. toD. on10.A. have broughtB. have been broughtC. have takenD. have been taken11.A. whereasB. whereinC. whereonD. wherefore12.A. preoccupancyB. preoccupationC. premonitionD. preoption13.A. artistsB. writersC. criticsD. analysts14.A. allB. eitherC. neitherD. none15.A. In the other mannerB. In the other wayC. In anotherD. In the other16.A. justifyB. justifiedC. justifyingD. having justified17.A. diverseB. dividedC. divineD. dividual18.A. vicinityB. viabilityC. villainyD. visibility19.A. relianceB. reliabilityC. reliefD. relevancy20.A. reasonB. reasonablenessC. reasoningD. reasonability1. B2. A3. D4. B5. A6. C7. A8. B9. C10. D11. A12. B13. C14. B15. D16. C17. A18. B19. D20. CClozeDecide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correct choice for each blank.Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment, has been continuously practiced by humans for some 20,000 years.? ? Together with other activities (1)_____ ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic (such as music or dance), painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (2)_____ to express his own personality and his(3)_____ understanding of an existence beyond the material world.? ?(4)_____ music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day.? ? The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction (5)_____ the 15,000-year-old cave murals of Lascaux -- some examples (6)_____ to the considerable powers ofdraftsmanship of these early artists.? ? And painting, like other arts, exhibits universal qualities that (7)_____ for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major (8)_____ examples of early painting anywhere in the world arefound in Western Europe and the Soviet Union.? ? But some 5,000 years ago,the areas in which important paintings were executed (9)_____ to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions.? ? (10)_____, Western shared a European cultural tradition -- the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World.? ?Western painting is in general distinguished by its concentration (11)_____ the representation of the human (12)_____, whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world.? ? The Renaissance (13)_____ this tradition through a (14)_____ examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspective in the visible world, linking painting (15)_____ the developing sciences of anatomy and optics.? ? The first real (16)_____ from figurative painting came with the growth of landscape painting in the 17th and 18th centuries.? ? The landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century in an atmosphere that was increasingly(17)_____ "painterly" qualities of the (18)_____ of light and color and the expressive qualities of paint handling.? ? In the 20th century theseinterests (19)_____ to the development of a third major tradition in Western painting, abstract painting, which sought to (20)_____ and express the true nature of paint and painting through action and form.1.A. may have beenB. that may haveC. may haveD. that may have been2.A. seekB. soughtC. seek forD. sought for3.A. emergingB. emergencyC. mergingD. merger4.A. AsB. UnlikeC. LikeD. Since5.A. fromB. toC. intoD. for6.A. ratifyB. testifyC. certifyD. gratify7.A. make easyB. make it easyC. make hardD. make it hard8.A. extinctB. extentC. extantD. exterior9.A. had shiftedB. have shiftedC. shiftingD. shifted10.A. NeverthelessB. MoreoverC. HoweverD. Therefore11.A. toB. inC. onD. for12.A. figureB. shapeC. shadowD. form13.A. extractedB. extendedC. extortedD. extruded14.A. closingB. closeC. closedD. closure15.A. onB. forC. inD. to16.A. breakB. breakageC. breakdownD. breaking17.A. concerned withB. concerningC. concerning withD. concerned for18.A. reactionB. actionC. interactionD. relation19.A. distributedB. attributedC. contributedD. construed20.A. discoverB. uncoverC. recoverD. cover2. B3. A4. B5. A6. B7. B8. C9. D10. D11. C12. A13. B14. B15. D16. A17. A18. C19. C20. BDirections: Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.? ? Select the correct choice for each blank.Flight simulator (飞行模拟器) refers to any electronic or mechanical system for training airplane and spacecraft pilots and crew member by simulating flight conditions.? ? The purpose of simulation is not to completely substitute (1)_____ actual flight training but to thoroughly familiarize students with the vehicle (2)_____ before they (3)_____ extensive and possibly dangerous actual flight training.? ? Simulations also is useful for review and for familiarizing pilots with new (4)_____ to existing craft. Two early flight simulators appeared in England within a decade after the first flight of Orville and Wilbur Wright.? ? They were designed to enable pilots to stimulate simple aircraft (5)_____ in three dimensions: nose up or down; left wing high and right low, or vice versa; and (6)_____ to left or right.? ? It took until 1929, however, for a truly effective simulator, the Link Trainer, to appear, devised by Edwin A. Link, a self-educated aviator and inventor from Binghamton, New York.? ? (7)_____, airplane instrumentation had been developed sufficiently to permit "blind" flying on instruments alone, but training pilots to do so involved (8)_____ risk.? ? Link built a model of an airplane cockpit equipped (9)_____ instrument panel and controls that could realistically stimulate all the movements of an airplane.? ? Pilots could use the device for instrument training, manipulating the controls (10)_____ instrument readings so as to maintain straight and level flight or (11)_____ climb or descent with no visual reference (12)_____ any horizon except for the artificial one on the instrument panel.? ? The trainer was modified (13)_____ aircraft technology advanced.? ? Commercial airlines began to use the Link Trainer for pilot training, and the US government began purchasing them in 1934, (14)_____ thousands more as World War II approached.Technological advances during the war, particularly in electronics, helped to make the flight simulator increasingly (15)_____.? ? The use of efficient analog computers in the early 1950s led to further improvements.? ? Airplane cockpits, controls, and instrument displays had by then become so individualized that it was no longer feasible to use a generalized trainer to prepare pilots to fly anything (16)_____ the simplest light planes.? ? By the 1950s, the US Air Force was using simulators that precisely (17)_____ the cockpits of its planes.? ? During the early 1960s (18)_____ digital and hybrid computers were adopted, and their speed and flexibilityrevolutionized simulation systems.? ? Further advances in computer and(19)_____ technology, notably the development of virtual-reality simulation, have made it possible to (20)_____ highly complex real-life conditions.1.A. forB. toC. withD. on2.A. concerningB. concernC. being concernedD. concerned3.A. undertakeB. undergoC. underplayD. underuse4.A. modelsB. modificationsC. modifiersD. modica5.A. manifestationsB. manipulationsC. manifestoesD. maneuvers6.A. yawlingB. yawningC. yawingD. yawping7.A. From then onB. From now onC. By nowD. By then8.A. considerableB. considerateC. consideringD. considered9.A. forB. inC. withD. on10.A. on the part ofB. on the basis ofC. on the track ofD. on the verge of11.A. controlB. controllableC. controlledD. controller12.A. toB. forC. onD. in13.A. as forB. as toC. asD. for14.A. acquiringB. requiringC. sustainingD. retaining15.A. actualB. realisticC. realizingD. true16.A. exceptB. except forC. apart fromD. but17.A. replenishedB. replacedC. replicatedD. reposed18.A. electronicB. electricC. electricityD. electron19.A. programB. programmableC. programmedD. programming20.A. resurrectB. reproduceC. resuscitateD. resume2. D3. B4. B5. D6. C7. D8. A9. C10. B11. C12. A13. C14. A15. B16. D17. C18. A19. D20. B。
度全国英语专业四级试题及答案(2)_4
度全国英语专业四级试题及答案(2)SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.9．What are the speakers probably going to do?A. To persuade Mary to spend more time on her lessonsB. To help Mary to prepare for the upcoming concert.C. To talk with Mary about going to the concert.D. To ask Mary to stop worrying about the exam10. What can we learn about the man?A. He firmly believes in UFOs.B. He is doubtful about UFOs.C. He is sure many people have seen UFOs.D. He thinks many people have lied about UFOs.11. Which of the following has the man never been interested in?A. Electronic music.B. Civil engineering.C. Electronics.D. Electronic engineering.12. What does the man mean?A. The milk is safe to drink.B. The milk is not safe to drink.C. She shouldn’t have bought the milk.D. He wouldn’t have milk for breakfast.13. How many people were caught in the fire?A.6.B.5.C.4.D.7.14. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman will attend her course at 7:45.B. The woman will be late for the blood test.C. The woman will have her blood tested before the first class.D. The woman decides to miss the first class for her blood test.15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Salesman and customer.B. Expert on jewelry and his wife.C. Estate agent and client.D. Husband and wife.16. How does the man probably feel?A. Nervous.B. Uninterested.C. ConfidentD. Upset.17. What do we know about Bill?A. He is thoughtful.B. He is forgetful.C. He is careless.D. He is helpful.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 18 and 19 are based on the following news .At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.18. Which of the following is NOT a condition for the reduction of debts?A. Poverty elimination.B. Good government.C. Fight against corruption.D. Poor living standard.19. By cancelling the debts owed to her, Britain intends to ___a similar scheme proposed by the International Monetary Fund.A. rejectB. restartC. followD. reviewQuestions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.20. What happened during the accident?A. A train hit another train.B. A train killed 23 people.C. A train went off its tracks.D. A train was trapped inside the station.21. Which of the following statements best describes the condition of the passengers?A. No one was fatally injured.B. There were many heavy casualties.C. No one was hurt during the accident.D. Someone was killed during the accidentQuestions 22 and 23 are based on the following news. At the endof the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.22. The civil servants held a strike to protest___.A. spending cuts.B. reform measuresC. pay cuts.D. low pay.23. The civil servants’strike was staged___the general strike.A. a few days afterB. a few days beforeC. a few weeks afterD. a few weeks beforeQuestions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.24. Which is the main idea of the news?A. Industrial relations in Germany.B. The German energy industry.C. Coalition in the government.D. Closure of nuclear reactors.25. The decision to shut down nuclear reactors resulted from the demand from___.A. the GovernmentB. the energy industryC. a party in the coalitionD. a declining need for nuclear energy三.完型填空Part Ⅳ CLOZE ［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and ( 26 ) a very simple affair in the beginning.( 27 ), when we observe the language behaviour of ( 28 )we regard as primitive cultures,we find it ( 29 )complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words ( 30 ) to get along reasonably well, much larger than the active vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English.( 31 ), these Eskimo words are far more highly infleeted(词尾变化的) than ( 32 ) of any of the well -known European languages,for a( 33 )noun can be spoken or written in ( 34 ) hundred different forms, each ( 35 )a precise meaning different from that of any other.The forms of the verbs are even more( 36 ). The Eskimo language is, therefore,one of the most difficult in the world to learn,( 37 ) the result that almost no traders or explorers have( 38 )tried to learn it. Consequently , there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon ( 39 )to the pidgin English used in Old China, with avocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish,Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is usually( 40 ) by travellers as “the Eskimo language”.26. A. must be B. must have beenC. ought to beD. should be27. A. However B. ThereforeC. ProbablyD. Undoubtedly28. A. whose B. thatC.whichD.what29. A. conspicuously B. usuallyC. surprisinglyD. sufficiently30. A.so as B.so thatC. as suchD. as well as31. A. However B. MoreoverC. ThoughD. Therefore32. A. the others B. all othersC. theseD. those33. A. single B. singularC. pluralD. compound34. A. some B. severalC. variousD. varied35. A. getting B. causingC. havingD. owning36. A. endless B. multipleC. uncountableD. numerous37. A. with B.forC. owing toD.as38. A. still B. indeedC. justD. even39. A. alike B. similarC. relatedD. relevant40. A. referred to B. talked aboutC. spokenD. told。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
全国专业四级英语填空题常考结构2十三、make结构make结构即为：make +sth.(宾语) +possible+（宾语补足语）共有三种形式：make it possible+to do make it possible+that引导的从句make possible sth (这个sth一定很长，它后面有一个后置定语)做题技巧：如果possible后面有to do 或者that引导的定语从句, 中间一定有it如果possible后面有名词，中间一定没有it例1：X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make___details that are otherwise impossible to observe . (A) it visible (B) visibly (C) visible (D) they are visible 分析：此题考动词make的一种用法，visible后面有名词，因此中间不能有it，选择C；可以看到空格后that引导的是定语从句，visible是宾语补足语，宾语补足语的存在是因为宾语太长了，details是宾语。
例2：Using many symbols makes___to put a large amount of information on a single map. (A) possible (B) it possible (C) it is possible (D) that possible 分析：从四个选项可以判断出本题考make的一种惯用法。
首先排除明显的错误选项：C为句子，却没有与主句相连的连词，D中that后面应有主语并构成结构完整的从句。
由于后面是动词不定式，因此possible前面一定有it, it作形式宾语，故B正确。
十四、the more …the more…结构这个结构的意思是“越….越…”，结构一共有三条规则：1. the more后面的名词必须使用冠词或者所有格, 新题专门考这条规则 2. the more 后面的谓语如果是be动词的话，可以省略，例如上面的例题 3. 第二个the more 后面可以使用倒装，而第一个后面却不行the more, the more其实是原因状语从句，前面是原因，后面是结果，倒装句中必须是主句倒装，从句绝对不能够倒装。
例1：The stronger__magnet, the greater the number of lines of magnetic force. (A) of (B) the (C) is the (D) is of the 分析：本题显然考查”the more … the more…”结构，the more后面的名词必须使用冠词或者所有格，因此只能选择B例2：The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ___to the body.(A) the stress it is greater (B) greater is the stress (C) greater stress is (D) the greater the stress 分析：正确答案为D。
此题考the more … the more句型，只有D符合这一句型的要求，故选D。
十五、表示结果的伴随状语结构主谓宾完整的句子后面，如果出现两个词，thereby或者thus, 那么这两个词后面必须使用现在分词，表示“从而怎么样”的意思，这便是表示结果的伴随状语结构。
但是必须注意并不是thus后面就是加doing，必须是前面一个完整的句子才对。
例1：A microphone enables a soft tone to beamplified , A B thus making it possible the gentle C renditions of romantic love songs in a large hall. D 分析：Possible后面有名词，那么it应该去掉，thus 后面表示结果的伴随状语从句，表示从而使得歌曲演唱成为可能。
例2：The Smithsonian Institution preserves more than sixty-five million items of scientific, historical, or artistic interest, ___winning the popular title, “attic of the nation.” (A) however (B) thus (C) and (D) moreover 分析：逗号前面是个完整的句子，逗号后面是现在分词短语作状语表示结果。
四个选项中只有thus一词可直接放在现在分词前面，故选B。
thus 副词，修饰分词winning, 伴随状语例3：Snow aids farmers by keeping heat in the lower ground levels, thereby___from freezing. (A) to save the seeds (B) saving the seeds (C)which saves the seeds (D) the seeds saved 分析：thereby和to有意思重复，所以不能够选择(A), 后面应该跟现在分词，答案为B十六、形容词最高级省略结构The crane is the tallest bird of the wading birds. 最高级后面的名词与范围名词重复，可以省略，句子变为The crane is the tallest of the wading birds.例1：The crane is___of the wading birds. (A) the tallest (B) the tallest that is (C) which is the tallest (D) which the tallest is 分析：空格前是主语和谓语，空格后是of引导的介词短语，空格处明显缺作表语的名词或名词短语。
四个选项中只有（A）使句子结构完整，语义清楚，故选（A）。
例2：. Cows are said to be the least intelligently of A B C domestic animals. D 分析：改为形容词，intelligent，intelligently为副词，不能作表语。
十七、规则动词过去分词作定语结构这里的规则动词指的是过去式和过去分词一样，导致考生看不出句子结构，比如：program, programmed, programmed 因此判断这个词是过去式还是过去分词就显得比较重要：第一步：从逻辑上判断这个动作是主动还是被动第二步：如果是被动的话，做谓语前面一定有系动词be例1：___Wupatki National Monument in Arizona features structures built of red sandstone by ancestors of the Hopi people. (A) That the (B) In the (C) Around the (D) The 分析：空格后是结构完整的句子，空格处显然缺定冠词the 修饰主语，故选D。
A中that引导主语从句，使整个句子变成从句而无主句，B、C构成介词短语，使句子缺主语，故排除。
句子中的built是过去分词。
例2：Antibodies ___by small, round cells called lymphocytes and plasma cells. (A) to be made (B) making (C) made (D) are made 分析：空格前为名词作主语，空格后是介词by引导的动作执行者，called是过去分词作定语，所以句子缺谓语，故选D。
A、B、C均为非谓语动词，故排除。
例3：Automatons programmed to perform a given task ___the flexibility and adaptability of human beings. (A) without (B) lack (C) minus (D) not having 分析：programmed在句中是过去分词作名词后置修饰语，空格处缺谓语动词。
四个选择答案中只有（B）是可作谓语的动词，故选（B）。
B，programmed 是一个定语，而不是谓语，机器人被编制程序，所以是过去分词，而不是谓语动词十八、逻辑主语结构在一个完整的句子前面出现现在分词、过去分词、或者介词短语，那么这个句子的主语是前面这三种结构逻辑上的主语。
例1：Having been served lunch, ___. (A) the problem was discussed by the members of the committee (B) the committee members discussed the problem (C) it was discussed by the committee members the problem (D) a discussion of the problem was make by the members of the committee 分析：Having been served lunch指被招待了午饭，那么只可能是委员会的成员被招待，而不可能是问题，所以选择B例2：___was not incorporated as a city until almost two centuries later, in 1834. (A) Settling Brooklyn, the Dutch (B) The Dutch settled Brooklyn (C) Brooklyn was settled by the Dutch (D) Settled by theDutch, Brooklyn 分析：空格后面是谓语和状语，空格处缺主语。
Brooklyn表示人或者Dutch表示地方做主语，但是从as a city可知，主语不是人名，而是地名，由此首先排除A。
B、C均是句子，不合要求。
D符合句法和题意。
例3：At thirteen___at a district school near her home, and when she was fifteen , she saw her first article in print. (A) the first teaching position that Mary Jane Hawes had (B) the teaching position was Mary Jane Hawe''s first (C) when Mary Jane Hawes had her first teaching position (D) Mary Jane Hawes had her first teaching position 分析：从并列连词and 可知，第一个逗号前是一个完整的句子，空格处缺主谓结构，而且主语是一个人名。