语法专题五非谓语动词

高三英语一轮语法专题（五）非谓语动词找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）1. He stood there, tired from a whole day of work, thinking of a way to escape from the construction site.2. The news conference, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters.3. Having reached the very peak of the Everest, the climbers cheered against the fierce north wind.4. He keeps buying expensive maps. He must have more than 200 by now.5. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.6. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。

还可以有自己的宾语和状语构成非谓语短语在句中一起做成分。

主要形式：不定式to do doing done△--ing ：(do)否定形式: not+-ing的形式主动形式被动形式一般式完成式过去分词:非谓语动词解题一般思路1.分析句子成分，看“_____”上要填谓语还是非谓语2.看“_____”上要填的非谓语动词与相关的名或代词（多是主语）的逻辑关系主谓关系动宾关系非谓语动词的比较作主语的区别不定式作主语表示具体动作It is not very good for you to smoke so much. 你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。

(具体)+ing作主语通常表示抽象动作；Smoking is prohibited here．这里禁止抽烟。

(抽象)不定式、动名词和分词（1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来动作。

What I would suggest is to start work at once .His wish is to buy a car in the near future .2) 动名词作表语表示抽象的一般性的行为。

Our work is serving the people .His hobby is collecting stamps .(3) 分词作表语. 表示心理状态的动词加上ing 变成现在分词,译为“令人……的”, 加上ed 变成过去分词, 译为“ 感到…….”Interesting/interested delighting/delighted exciting/excitedDisappointing/disappointedTravelling is interesting but tiring .They were very excited at the news3、作宾语英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式.但有些动词要求:A 只能加不定式作宾语的动词: afford agree appear ask attemptbeg choose decide demand design desire determine expect failHappen hope manage plan wish pretend refuseB 只能加动名词作宾语的动词：admit appreciate avoid consider delay enjoy escape finishimagine keep mind miss permit practise prevent risksuggest stand allow advise forbid need requireC 有些动词后使用动名词和不定式作宾语的意思差别：forget to do/forget doing stop to do/stop doingremember to do/doing regret to do /doingtry to do /doing mean to do/doingD有些动词使用动名词和不定式意思无差别love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start，continueE 这些常用的词组要求用动名词作宾语can’t help can’t stand be worth devote tolook forward to stick to be used to object tobe busy feel like get down to●3 动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较●（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect等。

●We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．●A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met●（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，forgive，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，resist，risk，suggest，deny等。

●The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed_______ ．A．catching B．to be caught C．being caught D．to catch●I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon．A．you to call B．you call C．you calling D．you're calling●（3）有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词，意义上无多大区别，如：love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start，continue等。

●I intend to finish／finishing the task this morning．注意问题1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别1）forget to doforget doing2）stop to dostop doing3）remember to doremember doing4) regret to doregret doing5）try to dotry doing1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别6) mean to domean doing7）go on to dogo on doing（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，如：forget，remember，mean，regret，stop，try等。

—The light in the office is still on．—Oh，I forgot _______ ．A．turning it off B．turn it off C．to turn it off D．having turned it off—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting．—Well，now I regret _______ that．A．to do B．to be doing C．to have done D．having done不定式, 现在分词, 过去分词有些使役动词及感官动词后如let, make, have, hear, see, feel,notice, watch,observe等动词不定式只说明宾语的一个动作,宾语与动词不定式是主动关系Just then he heard someone sing in the next room.现在分词说明宾语的动作正在进行，宾语与现在分词是主动关系Then he heard someone singing in the next room.过去分词说明宾语与过去分词是被动关系He had his bike repaired yesterday.He found his watch stolen.作宾补:We saw the teacher___________________.（做实验）I’ve never heard the song ______________ (用英语唱）4 作定语不定式作定语。

A 不定式与其所修饰的名词是主谓关系。

例：He was the last one to leave school yesterday .The train to arrive was from London .B 不定式与其所修饰的名词是动宾关系。

Get him something to eat .She has a lot of work to do in the morning.C 不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系。

这里的介词不能省去。

I need a pen to write with .There is nothing to worry about .分词作定语特点：1 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动含义。

2 现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或已完成的事。

He rushed into the burning house .The child standing over there is my brother .The room facing south is our classroom .He is an advanced teacher .不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系：一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

跳舞的女孩a dancing girl被毁的房屋A destroyed house下落的树叶A falling leaf落叶A fallen leafThere is a river around our school（run).The watch now is hers (repair).He is a teacher by all his students (like). America is a country (develop).不定式, 现在分词, 过去分词不定式表示即将发生的动作,The building _____________next month is our library.现在分词表示现在发生的动作,The building ____________now is our library.过去分词表示已经发生的动作.The building ______ last year is our library不定式, 现在分词, 过去分词不定式作状语一般表示目的,结果或原因:They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan．The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf．We are glad to hear the news.分词作状语放在句子开头，表示原因时间或条件。