06形容词及副词的比较级与最高级(基础知识)
形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

形容词与副词的比较级与最高级<形容词与副词的比较级与最高级>词语是语言的基础,而形容词和副词作为描述词语特征和修饰句子的重要成分,其比较级和最高级形式在表达时起着不可忽视的作用。
本文将探讨形容词和副词的比较级与最高级形式的构成及用法,旨在帮助读者更好地理解并运用这两种词语形式。
一、形容词的比较级与最高级形容词的比较级用于比较两个事物的程度、大小、多少等差异;形容词的最高级则用于表示三者或更多事物之间的差异程度、大小、多少等。
形容词的比较级和最高级形式的构成方法如下:1. 比较级的构成一般情况下,形容词的比较级在原形后加上“er”,如“small(小)—smaller(更小)”。
但对于以“e”结尾的形容词和部分以“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的形容词,需先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加上“er”,如“big(大)— bigger(更大)”。
2. 最高级的构成形容词的最高级形式一般在原形后加上“est”,如“small(小)—smallest(最小)”。
与比较级类似,对于以“e”结尾的形容词和部分以“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的形容词,需先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加上“est”,如“big(大)— biggest(最大)”。
二、副词的比较级与最高级副词的比较级和最高级形式的构成方法与形容词基本相同,只是在原形形式的基础上添加不同的后缀。
副词的比较级常用“more”来表示,最高级则常用“most”。
具体构成如下:1. 比较级的构成大部分副词的比较级在原形前加上“more”,如“quickly(快速地)—more quickly(更快地)”。
但像“well(好)”这类已有比较级的副词,则将原形改为对应的比较级形式,“well—better(更好地)”。
2. 最高级的构成副词的最高级形式在原形前加上“most”,如“quickly(快速地)—most quickly(最快地)”。
同样,像“well(好)”这类已有比较级的副词,则将原形改为对应的最高级形式,“well—best(最好地)”。
形容词和副词基础级比较级最高级

形容词和副词有三个等级:1.原级,即原形。
2.比较级,表示“较……”或“更……一些”,两个事物进行比较。
3.最高级,表示“最……”,三个或三个以上的事物进行比较。
现在我们来看看它们的构成吧!第一,规则变化1. 现在词尾加-er/est.eg:tall-taller-tallest/warm-warmer-warmest/quiet-quieter-quietest2. 以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r/-st.eg: late-later-latest/fine-finer-finest/large-larger-largest/close-closer-closest 3. 以辅音字母加-y结尾的双音节词,先把“y”改为“i”,再加-er/-est.eg: easy-easier-easiest/early-earlier-earliest/funny-funnier-funniest/friendly-friendlier-friendliest/busy-busier-busiest4. 以只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,先双写辅音字母再加-er/-est. eg: big-bigger-biggest/hot-hotter-hottest/wet-wetter-wettestfat-fatter-fattest/thin-thinner-thinnest5. 多音节词,在词尾加-more/-most.eg: beautiful-more beautiful-most beautifulserious-more serious-most seriousoutgoing-more outgoing-most outgoing第二,不规则变化不规则变化就只有这几个词,大家只需牢牢记在心里就好了。
good/well-better-bestbad/badly/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-farther/further-farthest/furthest以上是给同学总结的形容词即副词的比较级和最高级的构成,所举的例子也是常用到的单词,希望大家最好把这些单词背下来。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级在我们的日常生活中,我们经常会使用形容词和副词来描述事物的特点。
有时候,我们需要对这些词进行比较,以便更好地了解它们之间的差异。
比较级和最高级就是用来表示这种比较的两种方式。
本文将详细讨论形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,以及它们在实际应用中的一些注意事项。
我们来看形容词的比较级和最高级。
形容词的比较级是在形容词原级的基础上加上-er或-est。
例如,tall(高的)变为taller(更高的),而big(大的)变为bigger(更大的)。
需要注意的是,有些形容词在构成比较级时需要进行特殊处理,例如good(好的)变为better(更好的),bad(坏的)变为worse(更坏的)。
有些形容词在构成最高级时需要加上the,例如beautiful(美丽的)变为the most beautiful(最美的)。
接下来,我们来看副词的比较级和最高级。
副词的比较级是在副词原级的基础上加上-er或-est。
例如,quick(快的)变为quicker(更快的),而slow(慢的)变为slower(更慢的)。
与形容词不同的是,大多数副词在构成比较级时不需要进行特殊处理。
也有一些例外,例如well(好的)变为better(更好的),而badly(糟糕地)变为worse(更糟糕地)。
同样,有些副词在构成最高级时需要加上the,例如fast(快地)变为the fastest(最快地)。
二、比较级和最高级的实际应用1. 形容词和副词在修饰名词时的运用在英语中,我们经常会使用形容词和副词来修饰名词,以便更准确地描述事物的特点。
当我们需要对两个或多个事物进行比较时,可以使用比较级和最高级。
例如:This book is more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本书更有趣。
)She sings the best in the choir.(她在合唱团里唱得最好。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(完美版)

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(完美版)1. 形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级用于比较两个事物的性质或程度,最高级则表示一个事物在某一方面是最好的或最坏的。
- 比较级的构成:在形容词后加上 "-er" 或在前面加上 "more",例如:taller、more intelligent。
- 最高级的构成:在形容词后加上"-est" 或在前面加上"most",例如:tallest、most intelligent。
比较级和最高级的规则变化如下:- 以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加-er或-est,例如:happy -> happier -> happiest。
- 以短元音字母结尾的重读闭音节形容词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-er或-est,例如:big -> bigger -> biggest。
- 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节形容词,先辅音字母结尾,再加-er或-est,例如:thin -> thinner -> thinnest。
- 多音节和部分双音节形容词前加more或most,例如:beautiful -> more beautiful -> most beautiful。
2. 副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级的构成方式与形容词类似,只是在形容词的基础上加上 "-ly" 构成副词。
- 比较级的构成:在副词后加上 "-er" 或在前面加上 "more",例如:faster、more quickly。
- 最高级的构成:在副词后加上 "-est" 或在前面加上 "most",例如:fastest、most quickly。
与形容词类似,副词的规则变化也遵循相同的规律。
形容词副词的比较级和最高级

如果比较级或最高级修饰的是句子中的主语或宾语,则需要根据句子的结构和语 境来判断其位置。
感谢您的观看
THANKS
"He is as tall as his brother."(他和他哥哥一样高。)
"not as/so...as..."结构用于表示不…
"This book is not as/so interesting as that one."(这本书不如那本书有趣。)
05
练习题精选及解析
形容词比较级和最高级练习题
选择题:从所给的四个选项中,选择 正确的形容词比较级或最高级形式填 空。
She is the ____ girl in her class. (beautiful)
This book is ____ than that one. (interesting)
形容词比较级和最高级练习题
He is getting ____ and ____. (old)
关键知识点总结回顾
比较级和最高级的构成
形容词和副词的比较级通常在词尾加“-er”,最高级在词尾加“-est” 。
以“e”结尾的形容词和副词,比较级和最高级分别在词尾加“-r”和 “-st”。
关键知识点总结回顾
以辅音字母+“y”结尾的形容词,改“y”为“i”,再加 “-er”或“-est”。
多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,比较级和最高级前分 别加“more”和“most”。
3
“no...more than...”结构表示“和...一样不...” ,用于否定两者。
拓展延伸:其他相关语法现象探讨
“not more...than...”结构表 示“不如...”,用于否定前者 ,肯定后者。
四形容词和副词的比较级最高级

四、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级(Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs)I. 形容词比较级和最高级的形式一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成⑥合成形容词的比较等级•大多数在前面加more及most。
例如:home-sick, more home-sick, most home-sickup-to-date, more up-to-date, most up-to-date•若第一个词是大家熟悉的单音节词,则-er及-est都加在这个词的前面。
例:Long-lasting, longer-lasting, longest-lastinghard-working, harder-working, hardest-workingKind-hearted, kinder-hearted, kindest-heartedWell-known, better-known, best-known二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式II.副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。
一、一般副词hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastestlate→later →latest early→earlier →earliest二、特殊副词well →better →best much →more →mostbadly →worse →worst little →less →least三、开放类副词开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est,而应在副词原形前加more或most。
如:quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most qui etlyIII.形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法一、比较级1.比较级通常由“形容词(副词)比较级+than+…”构成,表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加……”。
形容词与副词的比较级与最高级全面解析形容词与副词的比较级与最高级的构成与用法

形容词与副词的比较级与最高级全面解析形容词与副词的比较级与最高级的构成与用法形容词与副词的比较级与最高级全面解析形容词和副词是我们日常表达中经常使用的词性,通过比较级和最高级的构成与用法,我们可以更准确地描述事物的特征和行为的程度。
接下来,本文将对形容词和副词的比较级与最高级进行全面解析,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这两种语法结构。
一、形容词的比较级与最高级构成1. 比较级的构成形容词的比较级可以由两种形式构成:添加后缀“-er”或使用more + 形容词来表示。
例如:- old(老的)-- older(更老的)- beautiful(美丽的)-- more beautiful(更美丽的)需要注意的是,当形容词以“e”结尾时,只需要在后面添加“r”,而不需要双写“e”。
例如:- large(大的)-- larger(更大的)2. 最高级的构成形容词的最高级可以通过两种形式来构成:添加后缀“-est”或使用most + 形容词来表示。
例如:- old(老的)-- oldest(最老的)- beautiful(美丽的)-- most beautiful(最美丽的)和比较级相似,当形容词以“e”结尾时,只需要在后面添加“st”,而不需要双写“e”。
例如:- large(大的)-- largest(最大的)二、比较级与最高级的用法1. 比较级的用法比较级主要用来对两个或多个事物进行比较,表示其中一方的程度高于另一方。
例如:- This book is more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本书更有趣。
)- He runs faster than his brother.(他跑得比他兄弟快。
)需要注意的是,在比较级中,我们常使用than来引导之后的比较对象。
2. 最高级的用法最高级主要用来表示在一组事物中,某个事物的程度达到最高。
例如:- This is the oldest tree in the forest.(这是森林中最古老的树。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级讲解+练习

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词:修饰名词, 说明事物或人的性质或特征,可翻译为“....的”副词:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词,可翻译为“....地”考点1:形容词副词的基本句型(1) 原级的用法考点2:形容词副词的比较级最高级形容词等级口诀比较级要变化,一般词尾加-er,词尾若有哑音就可以直接加r一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写。
辅音字母后有y,把y改成i 最高级加-est,莫忘前面加the。
形容词若是多音节,记得前面加more/mostThe weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing.1.The weather in Guangdong is hotter than ________ in Beijing.2.The buildings of Beijing are higher than ________ of Zhongshan.练习:1.Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.A. moreB. quiteC. veryD. much2. It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.A. even hotterB. more hotterC. much more hotD. much hot3.-Now the air in our city is ________ than it used to be. -I agree. I think something must be done to stop it.A.very goodB.rather badC. much betterD.even worse4.Which do you like ___, tea or coffee?A. wellB. betterC. bestD. most6.Of the two cups, he bought____.A. the smallerB. the smallestC. smallD. smaller7.The ______ kids learn to depend on themselves, the ______ it is for their futureA.early; goodB.early; betterC.earlier;betterD.earlier;good8.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.A. The best; the moreB. The more; the lessC. The more; lessD. More; the more9. By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English.A. more and moreB. much and muchC. many and manyD. less and least10. At last he began to cry ___.A. hard and hardB. more hard and more hardC. harder and harderD. less hard and less harder11._______ bag looks much better than _______A.Your; mineB.Your; myC.Yours; mineD.Yours; my12. ---Both of the skirts are in style this year. ---But I think this one is _____.A. popularB. much popularC. more popularD. the most popular13.-______ plastic bags we use, ______ it will be to the environment. -I agree ______ you.A.The less; the better; withB.The fewer; the better; withC.The less; the worst; toD.The fewer; the worse; to14.-Do you think children should get a child ticket according to their height or their age?-______. After all, children today are much taller than children in the past.A.Yes, I doB.No, I don'tC.Their height, of courseD.Their age, of course考点3:最高级的用法(三者或以上的比较或选择)注意:(1) 形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时不用the: He is my best friend.(2) 最高级与比较级的转换:Shanghai is the largest city in China.=Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. (上海属于中国)区别:Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan. (上海不属于日本)1.___ is more beautiful than roses.A. No other flowerB. No another flowerC. Not other flowerD. Not all flowers2.-Do you enjoy Han Lei's songs?-Yes .He is the winner of I'm Singer II. I can't think of anyone with a _____ voice.A. betterB. bestC. moreD. most作业:1.The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once ________.A. higherB. highestC. high tooD. more high2.Who jumped____of all?A. farB. fartherC. farthestD. the most far3.Li Lei is___ student in our class.A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest4.English is one of____ spoken in the world.A.the important languagesB.the most important languagesC.most important languageD.the most important language5.Beijing is one of____ in China.A. the largest cityB. the large citiesC. the larger citiesD. the largest cities6. We are happy to see our city is developing____these years than before.A. quicklyB. more quicklyC. very quicklyD. the most quickly7. -It's smoggy these days. That's terrible!-Yes, I hope to plant trees.____trees,____air pollution.A.The more; the fewerB. The less; the moreC. The less; the fewerD. The more; the less8. The safety of food has become one of the____problems in our daily life.A. more expensiveB. more importantC. most expensiveD. most important9. -Do you enjoy Han Lei's songs? -Yes .He is the winner of I'm Singer II. I can't think of anyone with a____voice.A. betterB. bestC. moreD. most10. There will be____jobs for people because some robots will do the same jobs as people.A. manyB. moreC. fewerD. less11.We must eat ________ fruit and vegetables to keep healthy every day.A.lessB.moreC.littleD.few真题练习:1. Peter is 15 year old. He is ___ than his father. (2016北京)A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest2. -Your son used to be a homebody but he now likes outdoor activities. How did youdo that?-I tried many ways over and over again. _______ ,I made it. (2016东营)A. NextB. ThenC. FinallyD. Suddenly3. Shanghai Disney Park will be opened on June 16. But the tickets for the first dayhave ______ sold out.A. everB. justC. neverD. already4. -Sarah is chosen as the guide for the Fashion Show.-Great! No one speaks English _______ her. (2016咸宁)A. as beautiful asB. as badly asC. worse thanD. better than5. -Why didn't you cry for help when you were robbed (被抢劫)? (2016东营)-If I opened my mouth, they might find my four gold teeth. That would be ______!A. badB. much worseC. worstD. the worst6. -I think it's necessary to learn how to work in groups. -I quite agree. Sometimes it's even ________ than grades.A. less importantB. more importantC. the least importantD. the most important7. -His handwriting is very careful.-Yeah. With the help of him, his sister writes as______ as him. (2016铜仁)A. careB. carefulC. more carefullyD. carefully8. I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can. say this one is . (2016河南)A. goodB. betterC. the betterD. the best9. -Do you know Shanghai is one of ______ in the world?-Yes, it's bigger than ______ city in China. (2016龙东)A.the biggest city; anyB. the biggest cities; anyC. the biggest cities; any otherD. the biggest city; any other10. I hope my school life of senior high will be ________ than that of junior high. (2016长春)A. more excitingB. very excitingC. as exciting asD. the most exciting11. In order to pass the exam, You need to work much ________now.(2016济宁)A. hardB. harderC. hardestD. hardly12. He won in the story competition and his parents were very . (2016江西)A. smartB. proudC. sorryD. upset13. I didn't do very well in this exam. Unluckily, he did it . (2016江西)A. worseB. badlyC. betterD. worst14. -Are you a fan of the science TV show Super Brain?-Yes, I'm always _____ by these people's great brainpower. (2016连云港)A. tiredB. amazedC. boredD. satisfied15. -Home is place wherever you go.-East or west, home is the best. (2016宜昌)A. warmB. warmerC. warmestD. the warmest16. My father caught a big fish this morning, but I caught a ______ one. I feel great!(2016绵阳)A. smallerB. biggestC. biggerD. big17. -Did you get Wechat red(微信红包)during the Spring Festival? (2016宜昌)-Yes. It's the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now.A. especiallyB. widelyC. actuallyD. hardly18. It was late. She opened the door ________ because she didn't want to wake up hergrandma. (2016重庆)A. angrilyB. quietlyC. loudlyD. heavily19. Last night the big fire in Sunshine Shopping Mall was started by the childrenplaying with matches. , no onewas hurt. (2016南京)A. LuckilyB. SuddenlyC. EasilyD. Sadly20. My sister is still very with me because I broke her new pencil box yesterday. (2016南京)A. popularB. satisfiedC. honestD. angry21. The talent show is ______ the game show. I like both. (2016青岛)A. as boring asB. not so bored asC. as interesting asD. not so interested as22. -Lily has two sisters, doesn't she? (2016咸宁)-Yes. She's taller and older than her two sisters, but she's not _____ one of the three.A. the tallestB. youngestC. shortestD. the cleverest23. -Many boy students think science is _______ English. -I agree. I'm weak in English. (2016西宁)A. much difficult thanB. so difficult asC. less difficult thanD. more difficult than24. The soup tastes ________ because it's too salty. I put salt into it too _______ in ahurry. (2016西宁)A. terribly; carefullyB. terrible; carefullyC. terrible; carelesslyD. terribly; carelessly25. This temple is one of ________buildings in the town. We must take action toprotect it. (2016上海)A. oldB. olderC. oldestD. the oldest26. The manager sounded________ on the phone. He offered to show us around thecompany. (2016上海)A. softlyB. friendlyC. gentlyD. seriously27. - Playing video games is a waste of time . -I agree . There are meaningful things to do .A. the mostB. the leastC. moreD. less28. A journey by train is than by plane. (2016天津)A. more relaxingB. relaxingC. most relaxingD. the most relaxing29. Tom fell off his bike, and his hand was hurt . (2016天津)A. quietlyB. carefullyC. slowlyD. badly30. -I can't stand swimming in cold rivers in winter. (2016咸宁)-But it's ______ for your health. You know I often swim in rivers in different seasons.A.helpfulB. harmfulC. painfulD. careful。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
形容词和副词的比较级与最高级【概念引入】1.比较级及最高级名言Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。
Learning makes the wise wiser and the fool more foolish.学问使聪明人更聪明,使愚人更愚。
A good fame is better than a good face.美名胜过美貌。
Don’t try to look bigger and better than you really are.不要装得比自己真实形象更高大,更完美。
The deepest feeling always shows itself in silence.最深沉的爱往往表现为沉默。
The greatest talker are the least doers.理论的巨人,行动的矮子。
Science is the most important and the most beautiful thing that man ever requires.科学是人类所需要的最重要和最美好的东西。
He that runs fastest gets the ring.捷足先登。
2.形容词及副词比较级及最高级的定义大多数的形容词和副词都有三个级别:原级、比较级、最高级。
其中比较级表示“更……”,用于两者之间的比较,用来说明“前者比后者更……”,比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰,其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。
当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时,需要用到形容词(副词)的最高级。
表达“……是最……的”,用“the+形容词(副词)的最高级”的结构。
后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。
例如:He is much taller than I. 他比我要高得多。
I jump a little higher than he. 我跳得比他高一点点。
London is the biggest city in Britain. 伦敦是英国最大的城市。
She sings the best in Class Two. 二班她唱歌最好。
【用法讲解】1. 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则(1)规则变化的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级一般在词尾直接加er或est。
例如:tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st。
例如:nice-nicer-nicest以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est。
例如:heavy-heavier-heaviest重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est。
例如:big-bigger-biggest部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级。
例如:slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful(2)不规则变化的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级2. 比较级和最高级句型:(1)形容词及副词比较级的句型:1)比较级+than...:……比……较为……。
即:“A +动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”。
两者相比较,A比B更……一些。
例如:His brother is younger than I(me). 他弟弟比我年轻。
Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan. 北京比武汉更漂亮。
【注意】在比较级前有时可加一些修饰语,如much, a lot, a little, still, even等以示强调或加强语气。
例如:This box is a little heavier than yours.这个箱子比你的要稍重一些。
This movie is much more interesting than that one.这部影片比那部有趣得多。
2)as... as:……和……相同。
即:A+动词+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B,表示A和B两者比较,程度相同,“……和……相同”。
例如:My uncle is as tall as your father. 我叔叔和你父亲一样高。
My dog is as old as that one. 我的狗与那个狗一样大。
3)A+not+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B 表示A,B两者程度不同,即“A不如B那么……”。
例如:My uncle is not as tall as your father. 我叔叔不如你父亲高。
Tom is not as honest as John. 汤姆不如约翰诚实。
He can’t run as /so fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
4)“比较级+ and+比较级”或“mor e and more + 原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”意为“越来越……”。
例如:Our city is more and more beautiful. 我们的城市越来越美丽了。
More and more countries begin to save the financial crisis.越来越多的国家开始拯救金融危机。
5)“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”意为“越……就越……”。
例如:The more you read, the more you know. 你书读得越多,你知道得就越多。
(2)形容词及副词最较级的句型:1)…one of the +最高级+名词复数,意为“……之一”。
例如:Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.鲁迅是上世纪最伟大的作家之一。
2)…最高级+of (in/among)…,意为“……之中,最……”。
例如:Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best.在所有的电影明星之中,我认为章子怡是最好的。
3) This is / was + 最高级+名词+that定语从句,意为“这是最……”。
例如:This is the worst film that I have seen these years.这是我这些年来看过的最不好的一部电影。
3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级需要注意点:(1)当比较级后面有of the two…之类的词语时,比较级前要加定冠词the。
例如:Lucy is the taller of the twins.Lucy是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
(2)如果后面接名词时,much more + 不可数名词,many more + 可数名词复数。
例如:The farmers have produced much more rice.这些农夫收了更多的稻谷。
(3)old的比较级形式有older和elder。
elder只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。
例如:My elder brother is a famous artist. 我哥哥是一名有名的艺术家。
(4)far的比较级形式有farther和further。
一般farther表示距离,而further表示更进一步。
例如:I have nothing further to say.我没有什么要说的了。
(5) 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,但如果最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词。
例如:My oldest daughter is 16 years old. 我最大的女儿16岁。
(6) 形容词最高级常与由介词in或of引导的表示范围的短语连用。
若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一事物时,则用of短语;当只说明是在某一空间、时间范围内的比较时,则用in短语。
例如:This apple is the biggest of all. 在所有的苹果中,这个苹果最大。
He is the youngest in his class. 他在他班里年龄最小。
(7) 形容词最高级前可用序数词限定,共同修饰后面的名词,其结构为:the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词。
例如:Hainan is the second largest island in China. 海南是中国的第二大岛。
(8) 形容词最高级的意义还可以用比较级形式表达。
常见的有:1)形容词比较级+than any other+单数名词。
例如:This book is more difficult than any other book here.= This book is the most difficult book of all.这些书当中这本最难。
2) 形容词比较级+than the other+复数名词。
例如:Asia is bigger than the other continents on the earth.亚洲是地球上最大的洲。
(9) 形容词最高级前若有不定冠词a,这时,它不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。
例如:Spring is a best season. 春天是一个非常好的季节。