立体车库外文翻译与原文
立体车库外文翻译
Numerical control technology and equipment trend of developmentThe equipment industry technical level and the modernized degree were deciding the entire national economy level and the modernized degree, the numerical control technology and the equipment are the development emerging high technology and new technology industry and the state-of-art industr y (for example defense industry industries and so on information technology and industry, biological technology and industry, aviation, astronautics) enables the technology and the most basic equipmen t. Marx had said “each kind of economical time difference, does not lie in produces any, but how l ies in produces, with any means of labor production”. The technique of manufacture and the equip ment is the humanity produces active the most basic producer goods, but the numerical control tech nology also is advanced now the technique of manufacture and the equipment most core technology. Now the various countries manufacturing industry widely uses the numerical control technology, sh arpens the manufacturing capacity and the level, enhances to the dynamic changeable market adaptiv eness and competitive ability. In addition in the world various industries developed country also list s as the national strategic resources the numerical control technology and the numerical control equi pment, not only takes the significant measure to develop own numerical control technology and the industry, moreover implements the blockade and the limit policy in “precise and advanced” the n u merical control key technologies and the equipment aspect to our country. In brief, develops vigorou sly take the numerical control technology has become the world each developed country acceleration economy development as the core advanced technique of manufacture, enhances the comprehensive national strength and the national status important way. The numerical control technology is carries on the control with the numerical information to the mechanical movement and the work process t he technology, the numerical control equipment is take the numerical control technology as represent ative's new technology the integration of machinery product which forms to the traditional manufact ure industry and the emerging manufacturing industry seepage, namely so-called digitized equipment, its technical scope cover very many domains: (1) machine manufacture technology; (2) informationprocessing, processing, transmission technology; (3) automatic control technology; (4) servo actuates the technology; (5) sensor technology; (6) software technology and so on. 1 numerical control tech nology trend of development Not only the numerical control technology application has brought the revolutionary change for the traditional manufacturing industry, causes the manufacturing industry to become the industrialization the symbol, moreover along with numerical control technology unceasi ng development and application domain expansion, he to national economy and the people's liveliho od some important professions (IT, automobile, light industry, medical service and so on) developme nt more and more vital role, because these professions must equip the digitization already was the modern development major tendency. The numerical control technology and the equipment developm ent tendency looked from the present world that, its main research hotspot has following several aspect [1~4]. 1.1 high speed, high precision work technology and equipm ent new tendency The efficiency, the quality are the advanced technique of manufacture main bodie s. High speed, the high precision work technology may enhance the efficiency enormously, enhances the product the quality and the scale, reduces the production cycle and sharpens the market compe tition ability. Lists as one of 5 great modern techniques of manufacture for this Japan Tip Technolo gy Research board it, the international production project learns (CIRP) its determination is one of 21st century central research directions. In the passenger vehicle industry domain, yearly produces 3 00,000 production metres was 40/s，moreover the multi-variety processing is one of key questions which the passenger vehicle equipment must solve; In the aviation and the astronavigation industry domain, its processing spare part many for the thin wall and the thin muscle, the rigidity is very b ad, material for aluminum or aluminum alloy, only then in the high cutting speed and the cutting f orce very small situation, can to these muscles, the wall carry on the processing. Recently uses the large-scale overall aluminum alloy semifin ished materials “pull out spatially” the method to make t he wing, the fuselage and so on the large-scale components substitutes many components through th e multitudinous rivets, the bolt and other joint way assembling, causes the component the intensity,the rigidity and the reliability obtains the enhancement. These all to processed the equipment to pro pose high speed, Gao Jing and the high flexible request. Unfolds from EMO2001 meets the situatio n to look that, processes the center feed rate to be possible high speed to reach 80m/min, even hig her, the aerial transport stroke speed may reach 100m/About min. At present in the world many aut omotive factories, including our country's Shanghai General Motors, already used by the high speed processing center composition production line part substitution aggregate machine-tool. American CI NCINNATI Corporation's HyperMach engine bed feed rate reaches 60m/most greatlymin, fast is 100 m/min, the acceleration reaches 2g, the main axle rotational speed has reached 60 000r/min. Process es a thin wall airplane part, only uses 30min, but the same components need 3h in the common hi gh speed milling machine processing, needs 8h in the plain milling machine processing; The Germa n DMG Corporation's double main axle lathe main axle speed and the acceleration respectively reac h 12*! 000r/mm 和1g。
升降横移立体车库英文文献原文
升降横移立体车库英文文献原文Status of the development of solid garageStereo garage is the storage which is used for automatic parking and scientific storage of kinds of automobile. As the quantity of urban automobile has increased continuously in nowadays ,the hard-to-park problem has become a common phenomenon. Mechanical stereo garage can use land resource sufficiently and bring space advantage into play and maximize the number of parking cars. It has become an important way for static traffic problem of cities. The issue studies the type mechanical parking system which named up-down and translation stereo garage, and regards of the two factors of manufacture and operational efficiency synthetically.On the basis of investigation on current situation and developing trend of garage in domestic and abroad, we choose three-layer and three-formulistic garage structure as the research model. According to the form of the dragging-forms of multi player up-down and translation ear-base, it is made of three pares -part of ear-base structure part of driving-framework and part of control system. The paper simply introduces main structure and characteristics of garage and also gives a short introduction to its control system. The finite element reliability checking of steel structure of garage is utilized according to theoperation principle of up-down and translation stereo garage, the mechanics was used to comprehensively analyze the up-down and translation stereo garage the mechanics was used to comprehensively analyze the up-down and translation stereo garage. Including intension of the framework structure axes etc. The paper adopted PLC as control system in designing the up-down and translation stereo garage, PLC software of OMRON company was used to weave the program of control system, through debugging running. The result proved that adopted PLC as control system is simple and easy to realize. The characteristic of stabilization ,credibility , speediness and high capability made the control system very perfection of mechanical parking systems-general safety requirement and the facts of the up-down and translation stereo garage the paper introduced some safety technique which was used in the up-down and translation stereo garage. This can ensure absolute safety for car and make the whole stereo garage safety and running smooth .On the base of the project "Optimal design of the mechanisms in the stereoscopic garage"，some mechanisms in the lift park garage has been designed optimally. At the first, we established the running mode and the structure of the mechanisms adapted to the running mode. And then, we chose the immobile comb as the parking space and the steel structure framework as support, the optimal design onthe two mechanisms was carried through. The optimal design on the immobile comb and the steel structure framework was carried through with augmented multipliers method. At the end, the result of the optimal design is that the immobile comb will be more reasonable and decreased the whole weight of the garage and the load of the steel structure framework, and the weight of the steel structure framework become more light.With the rapid development of shanghai ,the settlement of the difficult of parking of shanghai has already reached the very urgent stage. In the city center where every inch of land is precious ,especially the area which such vehicles as the hotel ,market ,shopping center location ,etc. Dr.eye.concentrate ,can only develop to the sky ,to underground ,so has built and already to a great deal of three-dimensional garage parking reached the essential stage ,at the same time there are many advantages too in the three-dimensional garage parking.First ,economize the space. Generally speaking ,its floor space is about 1/2~1/25 of the level parking area ,machinery type"three-dimensional" .The garage can both be installed with ground underground ,the greatest advantage can fully utilize the small area to develop to the high altitude, try one's best to store more vehicles ,the place that the land resource in short supply ,the vehicle is big in capacity to park in theway best. For example ,are most suitable for using "vertical circulation" on the limited residential quarter ground on the spacethree-dimensional garage of the type. 8 storey s of every groups of this kind of garage ,that is to say ,only parked the three-dimensional garage built up on the area of a car and park 8 cars originally.Second ,automation is controlled ,easy to use. Thethree-dimensional automatic degree of garage parking is very high ,can hoist or lower the rotatory type ,for example ,district residents come off duty and park ,so long as according to the number that the brass-wind instrument is corresponding with the parking stall ,this parking stall will be rotated and landed to the ground ,after the car owner parks the good vehicle ,and then according to the number ,the parking stall circles round and rises ,restored to the throne again. From a complete set and install the intellectual administrative system of the parking area after installing the large-scale underground parking of the three-dimensional garage ,go on one on duty to manage hour through professional staff member of technical training.Third ,three-dimensional garage build cost lower than the traditional parking area greatly. It is reported, the occupation of land and building cost in the traditional parking area is quite high. Do not generally get on very well ,ordinary each occupation of land in the parking stall ,about 15 square meters ,the floors ,the floor space of eachparking stall of underground parking is above 25 square meters at least on the ground. If use the three-dimensional garage parking, can park one group and 8 parking stalls of three-dimensional garage parking on the vacant lot of 30 square meters ,the average floor space of each parking stall is less than 4 square meters. In respect to building cost ,the house property developer of the district builds an underground parking stall to need to invest 60,000-80,000 yuan at present ,the construction cost of some top-grade underground parking stalls of office building is up to more than ten ten thousand yuan especially. If install thethree-dimensional garage ,is it increase parking stall is can cost stand thin to reach 50,000-60,000 yuan each construction of parking stall to try one's best in a situation that the area of space does not change.Fourth, it is safe and reliable and beautifying the environment. Allocate the automatic detection system, various kings of sage organizations, autoalarm , fire-fighting system and other stick precautions facility. The automobile will not damage , loses. Suit measures to local conditions, utilize fragmentary vacant lot , shape beautiful garage beyond mix ,beautify the urban environment.。
立体车库外语翻译
立体车库一、立体车库概述车辆无处停放的问题是城市的社会、经济、交通发展到一定程度产生的结果，立体停车设备的发展在国外，尤其在日本已有近30~40年的历史，无论在技术上还是在经验上均已获得了成功。
我国也于90年代初开始研究开发机械立体停车设备，距今已有十年的历程。
由于很多新建小区内住户与车位的配比为1:1，为了解决停车位占地面积与住户商用面积的矛盾，立体机械停车设备以其平均单车占地面积小的独特特性，已被广大用户接受。
机械车库与传统的自然地下车库相比，在许多方面都显示出优越性。
首先，机械车库具有突出的节地优势。
以往的地下车库由于要留出足够的行车通道，平均一辆车就要占据40平方米的面积，而如果采用双层机械车库，可使地面的使用率提高80％—90％，如果采用地上多层（21层）立体式车库的话，50平方米的土地面积上便可存放40辆车，这可以大大地节省有限的土地资源，并节省土建开发成本。
机械车库与地下车库相比可更加有效地保证人身和车辆的安全，人在车库内或车不停准位置，由电子控制的整个设备便不会运转。
应该说，机械车库从管理上可以做到彻底的人车分流。
在地下车库中采用机械存车，还可以免除采暖通风设施，因此，运行中的耗电量比工人管理的地下车库低得多。
机械车库一般不做成套系统，而是以单台集装而成。
这样可以充分发挥其用地少、可化整为零的优势，在住宅区的每个组团中或每栋楼下都可以随机设立机械停车楼。
这对眼下车库短缺的小区解决停车难的问题提供了方便条件。
目前，立体车库主要有以下几种形式：升降横移式、巷道堆垛式、垂直提升式、垂直循环式、箱型水平循环式、圆形水平循环式。
(一）升降横移式升降横移式立体车库采用模块化设计，每单元可设计成两层、三层、四层、五层、半地下等多种形式，车位数从几个到上百个。
此立体车库适用于地面及地下停车场，配置灵活，造价较低。
1. 产品特点：1) 节省占地，配置灵活，建设周期短。
2) 价格低，消防、外装修、土建地基等投资少。
基于欧姆龙可编程序控制器的6层立体车库设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译
英文原文THE 6 LAYERS STEREO GARAGE DESIGN BASED ON OMRON PLCZhuoran Zhang Department of Electrical & Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan, China E-mail: Harry zzr@Zhe Mao, Hailing Wan Department of Electrical & Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan, China E-mail:maozhe998@ Abstract—with the development of the modern society, the number of the vehicles in these cities has been increasing with an exponential speed; especially the private cars, putting a great pressure on urban transportation and parking slot. This article is mainly concerned about the entire structure, running procedure and electrical system design including hardware and program design ideas for lifting-traversing stereo garage, which will not only shorten the developing period but also orient parking to centralization and automation direction; Owning some reference value.Keywords- Stereo Garage, Omron PLC, DesignInsufficient parking slots is resulted from the development of the cities, economy and transportation of the cities, the traditional garages are always making the use of the nature vacancy, in a community, the ratio between parking slots and residents is approximately 1:1, one parking slot for a family at least, in order to solve the contradiction that the parking slots using precious commercial land, the stereo mechanical garages with the advantage of the average parking slot takes of less area have been gradually in front of us. Compared with the traditional underground parking garage, the stereo garages have more advantages. First of all, the stereo garages can save more area. The traditional ways must be amassed driving path for vehicles, averagely, a car will take up 40m2 If we take multi-layers garage (6 layers) in to consideration, it is possible for 13 cars to park in the area of 50m2, which will save lots of land resources and land construction expenditure. Meanwhile, the stereo garage could guarantee the safety of the people and their cars. If there is anybody in the garage or the cars are not fully stopped, the system controlled by electrical equipment will not run either. It means that, in the scale of the management, the mechanical garage could separate the people and vehicles, which makes it more systematically. Especially for underground garages, install this kind of garage will save a large area of illumination system, so it is also emerge conservation and environment protection.Ⅰ.THE CLASSIFICATION AND IMPLEMENT BACKDROP OF THE STEREO GARAGEA.THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE STEREO GARAGEAccording to the present development of the stereo garage, the stereo garage is including lifting-traversing, roadway stacking, vertical lifting, vertical circulating, circle level circulation; The concept of the stereo garage is all from automatic logistic material transmitting system. [3]The purpose of the stereo garage is to solve the parking problem in developed cities, that is make use of limited area to park more vehicles so as to save land resources of the cities and manage thestatic transportation of the urban. This article gives out a way to design lifting-traversing stereo garage based on Omron PLC CP1H, which could extend to solve relevant projects.B. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO LIFTING-TRAVERSING STEREO GARAGE.The modularization concept is imported in lifting-traversing stereo garage. It can be designed into two to five layers or half underground type, the number of the slot is from tens to hundreds. This kind of garage is suitable for both above ground and underground, the characteristics could be generalized as less occupation of land, simple structure, flexible configuration, lower cost in construction, decoration and fire protection and short period of construction; Safe and convenient for saving and taking cars; Smoothly operation, lower noise during running. [4]It is also appropriate for commercial, bureau and residential use. The safety equipment mainly is photoelectrical sensors, limiting displacement protector and emergency switch.C. THE ENTIRE FRAME OF THE SYSTEMAs the fig. l representing, besides the central controller PLC, the stereo garage system could be divided into three sections: I. Mechanical System; It includes column, beam, carrying board, vehicle frame, hooks and etc. II. Electrical System; this section is the core of this article, which controls the whole system to operate. III. Touching Panel; it is the port from which operators and the system exchanging messages, operators could not only operate the system, but also in the situation of the malfunction, it could let operator enter the manual or debugging mode.Figure 1. The structure of the system Figure 2. Touch Screen (Auto running and Manual) • THE MAIN HARDWARE OF THE SYSTEMWe mainly use the Omron PLC CPH1, on considering the control requirement and the cost, we adopting CP1HX40DR-A PLC, the programming ways are ladder diagram or ST instruction list. The instruction length is 1 to 7 steps per instruction, each I/O relays has 1600 ports, USB 1.1 for communication.The display part, we import screen of WEINVIEW MT6056i series, the screen material is TFT, 5.6 inches, and the resolution is 320x234, with USB2.0 port supporting downloading. The frequency of the CPU is 400 MHz, 128RAM.D.THE SYSTEM STR UCTURE AND FUNCTIONSThe mechanical parts cooperating with electrical system are carrying board, hooks and chains. There are 6 slots on each layer besides 7 slots on the top layer, totally 37 slots, the purpose for one slot empty on each layer is that making enough space for carrying board to move. The carrying boards of the first floor only design to traverse, also the top floor carrying boards are only supposed to lift. The other carrying boards among these floors are designed to life and traverse. In this way, this system could achieve the saving and taking from any slots among these 6 layers.In addition, this system has a touch screen system, which switches between auto run andmanual debugging mode. Under the auto run mode, it could select a certain slot to accomplish saving and taking behavior, at the same time, monitoring the operation of the system. (Green words "System Running" in auto mode without malfunction). When failure occurs, the system seized and on screen flashing yellow failure code with red backdrop, with the help of the failure code, the professional operator could recognize and eliminate the failures promptly and accurately. On considering more authorities are given in manual debugging mode, to preclude unprofessional persons enter the mode by chance, before enter the mode, there is a cipher verification, in which the sequence could be set by ourselves. This would protect the system from potential dangers.Figure 2 is the graph of system auto running, manual and debugging.Ⅱ. THE COMPOSURE OF THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEMA. STRONG ELECTRICITY SYSTEMThe strong power system includes power supply, protection and driving mechanism, here is electronic motors. Installing XJ3-D on the forepart of the power supply wire, which is used to protect phase sequence of the three-phase voltage, so that guarantee the right rotation of the motors. Moreover, the motors on some layers use the same three-phase voltage.B.THE SET OF THE MOTORSThere are 6 traversing motors on the first layer, 6 traversing motors for 2 to 5 layers each, and so it is with lifting motors for 2 to 5 layers. The top layers have only 7 lifting motors. After setting the motors, mark every motor. For example, the motor driving the third slot of the second layer, we mark it with "23", the relay before the motor are named KM23. Here series connect all the motors' thermal protection, any motor's problem will stop the system. In this way, it has no influence on the stability of the system, but lowers the cost. At the same time, make it easier to find the problems. (What we need to do is press the thermal protection switch one by one).C .WEAK POWER SYSTEMThe weak power system is also the control system, which are mainly the PLC mode and its 5 extended modules, also the sensors. As the figure below, on the right is the input part, DC 24V, on the left, is the output section, AC 220V, to connect with contactors and drive them. These device's functions have close relationships with the entire system's control requirements. On the above of the graph, the protection equipment are emergency switch, installed beside the touching panel, emergency only, trigger it, the system stops; Front and back photoelectrical sensors, which are used to detect people or unidentified objects breaking into the system, if this happens, the system would stop then response with photoelectrical failure, the goal is to protect the people and the vehicles. The phase sequence protection has been illustrated before; Over current protection normally activated under the motor stuck; All the margin switches series connected, cult the main power when any carrying board exceed the limiting position.Limit switches including up ones and down ones or left and right limit switches. In order to achieve the controlling requirements, the level limit switches are installed on the both side of the each slot frame, while the vertical limit switches are installed on the chain which attached to the motor. It is necessary to point out that the first layer only installed down and left right limit switches, the top layer only installed up switches these switches could sense the position of thecarrying boards, helping to finish the lifting and traversing control; Hook position sensors is to fix the vehicles and sense the slot empty or not.The output points"00 04 05 06 07" are to select different phase for each layer, so control the motors' rotation ways.Figure 3. PLC Modules (Segment)There are other 4 extended modules, which only give more I/O ports to the system, similar to this main part.Ⅲ. OPERATION PROCEDUREA. TAKING PROCEDUREAs far as the first layer concerned, it is only designed to traverse, so as to make space to upper layer's carrying boards to move downward. So do the other layers, which are designed to traverse. When traversing meet the requirements, lifting mechanism will run to put the carrying board down, finishing the saving and taking procedure. During the procedure the photoelectrical sensors are open and will behave as fore part has explained. In figure 2A, is the taking condition, at this time "Loading" will flash until the taking procedure finishes.When we enter "51", the system will distinguish whether the operation is a taking or a saving according to the hook of the 51 slot. Then prints the message responded to the state of the hook on the screen, the operator could confirm the operation or cancel it. On confirming, the 51 carrying board will wait for its downward boards to finish the traversing move then moving down. Inaddition, a timer is added to this control module in order to preclude level limit switches malfunction, resulting into the traversing move time up. If the time for traversing move exceeds the set time, the system will warn the operator "traversing move time up" which displays on the screen, the operator could check out the failure. The up limit switches are used to sense whether the carrying boards are stopped at their routine slots, which the level switches can't finish. Maybe one carrying board stuck between two layers. Only do all the upper layers' carrying boards stop at their routine slots, the selected carrying board's lifting move is activated. A timer is also set into the lifting control, with the same function as traversing timer. The elevator carries the vehicle down to the ground, release the hook, now the photoelectrical signal shut down, and waiting for the owners to take their vehicle. On driving away the vehicle and operator's confirming the photoelectrical signal resumes, the carrying board back to its slot from the down way.Figure 4. The flowchart of the taking and saving procedureB. SAVING PROCEDUREThe saving process is based on taking procedure, so they are familiar; the only difference is the hook move.Ⅳ. SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING AND PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENTA.SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT AND ITS LANGUAGEIn this system, we choose Omron CX-ONE 3.0 to program the PLC. The language for programming is classic ladder diagram. On considering the stereo garages are installed in different condition and requirement of different users, the scale of the stereo garages should be flexible, for example different layers or slots. In order to meet the different scales requirements, the program is modularized, only need to change the I/O ports, the logical relations in the ladder diagram are fixed. In this way, it is not only with highly compatibility but also shortens the period to develop relevant designs and make it easier to debugging and repair.B.MODULARIZED PROGRAMConditional jumps are widely used in the programming; the entire program consists of different modules, on certain conditions, the program jumps.As illustrated before, there are only two movements for a carrying board, lifting or traversing, beside the boards of first and top layers. The condition for the fifth could traverse is all the upper layers slots' up limiting switches closed. Then "Traverse OK" is activated, and then the program will make analysis of the operation until meet set conditions, the program jumps. For the lifting movements are always with the downward movements, so program the downward standards, the system will run. The entire program is programmed with this method, above the passage, is only a traversing OK and vertical move OK module. Similarly, modules of a fixed slot, for example slot "21". "21 Traversing Move", "21 Vertical Move"; for whole system, "Emergency Stop and Protection", "Button Select", "System Monitor" and "Debugging" modules, which cooperate with each other to accomplish the control and monitor.Figure 5. Monitoring and Display module (Segment)Fig. 5 is the segment program of the monitoring module, all the motors' protection series connected, so are the phase sequence protection and margin switches. Any of them change; PLC will transfer messages to the screen, which displays. Meanwhile, cults off the main KM, the system stops.Ⅵ.A BRIEF SUMMARYThis paper introduces lift shifting type six floors of three-dimensional garage design methodbased on Omron CP1HX40DR-A controller, completing the requirements of three-dimensional garage for city vehicle management toward the direction of automation and centralization. This design can be used to restore occupied pavement, reduce preempting, and ensure safety, in addition that it could reduce traffic congestion time, reducing the injury. On this basis, the problem has been thoroughly eliminated, including various vehicles disorderly stopping and parting in disorder, and the appearance of parking places with dirty, disorderly and poor, thus protecting vehicles away from lost, being damaged and stolen. Finally, the road is giving back to the vehicles and pedestrians, the lawn to the green space, the environment of the neat civilization life to the modern metropolis.The development cycle has been greatly shortened, based on the design about three-dimensional garage design of PLC controller. This is also a kind of inevitable of the electrification, digital and automation advancement. The thoughts and methods of this design can be applied to other scale garage and relevant problems of design.REFERENCES[1] [1] Huo Gang. Application and programmer of the CP1HPLC. China Machine Press [M], 2009.1[2] [2] Omron Power program. Omron Corporation (China), 2008[3] [3] BoSen Ren.General situation of Chinese mechanical parking equipment. Celebrated manufacturers of parking equipment and peripherals directory [J] :PP5-7[4] [4] Lekang Yu Dongxiao Zuo.The development of mechanical parking. [J] Technology and management of construction machinery. 1999 1:PP 30-32[5] [5] Fuen Zhang … Younai Wu.Principle … design … set up and maintenance of AC variable speed elevator. [M] China Machine Press 1999中文译文基于欧姆龙可编程序控制器的6层立体车库设计Zhuoran Zhang 电气工程武汉理工大学武汉，中国电子邮件：Harry zzr@Zhe Mao, Hailing Wan 电气工程武汉理工大学武汉，中国电子邮件：maozhe998@摘要：随着现代社会的快速发展，许多城市的车辆数量正在一直以指数的速度快速增加，特别是私家车。
立体停车库国外文献
Multi-lifting and transferring parking control systemAbstract: Describes a multi-storey parking lifting and transferring the operation principle and structure characteristics, describes the composition of the control system, PLC control of the implementation and control software design, implementation of the automatic parking controlCurrent common mechanical parking there lifting and transferring, vertical circular, multi-layer circular, horizontal circular, flat mobile, laneway, vertical lifting type and 8 simple movements, lifting and transferring them Class of its simple structure, easy operation, safe and reliable, and low cost advantages of market share in the domestic garage 83% market share. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) set of computer technology, automation technology, communication technology as a whole, reliability, cost-effective, compact design, good scalability, easy to operate, so the automatic parking system, usually as an electronic control core. For larger systems, can also use the industrial field bus (Profibus or Devicenet) constitute the PLC network, and automatic control. Structural features: pan bottom only, top only lift, but also lifting the middle layer can shift. In addition to the top, the middle layer and the bottom have to be an empty parking spaces reserved for use in and out of vehicle movements. When the bottom and out of car parking spaces, no other carrier can move directly out of car; the middle layer, top and out of car, one should first determine whether the location corresponding to the bottom of the empty, not empty pan to make the appropriate treatment, until the bottom can be conducted for the empty car moves down and out, up and out of cars and then back to the original position. General principles of motion are: lifting reset, translation is not reset. Figure 1 is a 3x3 sport lifting and transferring parking schematic. Underground layout, semi-ground structure of semi-underground garage layout is similar.1 garage operation principle of lifting and transferringLifting and transferring parking spaces for 2-dimensional matrix structure can be designed for multi-layer, multi-column. Closed chain devices and due to time constraints and out of cars, usually 2 to 4 layers (the state of up to 4 layers) to 2, 3 layer in the majority, according to the number of parking garage the size of the decision. Garage located on the ground, can also be located in the ground, or half of the set in half in the ground floor. The specifications of steel frames at a certain combination of sub-grid unit can be vertically extended, sub-centralized control, but also horizontally parallel, sub-row alone control. Combination of different forms of the garage layout can be adapted to the needs of different site conditions, configuration is very flexible. Is a typical garage floor 3x3 lifting and transferring to illustrate the operation principle of the garage.Lifting and transferring parking generated by the shift tray vertical channel, to achieve high-level access to vehicles, parking lift, all the logical process control by PLC. Layout of the lifting and above ground parking structure features: the bottom can only pan, lifting the top only, but also lifting the middlelayer can shift. In addition to the top, the middle layer and the bottom must be an empty parking spaces reserved for use in and out of vehicle movements. When the bottom and out of car parking spaces, no other carrier can move directly out of car; the middle layer, top and out of car, one should first determine whether the location corresponding to the bottom of the empty, not empty pan to make the appropriate treatment, until the bottom can be conducted for the empty car moves down and out, up and out of cars and then back to the original position. General principles of motion are: lifting reset, translation is not reset.2 parking control system design2.1 The composition of the control systemParking control system with a computer monitoring system and lower machine PLC control system, the system block diagram in Figure 2. Monitoring system consists of "superior machine or network bus (optional) + PC + PLC ten on-site operator" constitutes, to the core PC, equipped with printers, audio equipment, cash registers, monitors and so on. Higher bus control machine or network, the operation, touch screen, IC card, magnetic card machines are optional parts for the further development of content, according to the actual situation in the garage size and reasonable choice. For example, modular garage more than 3x3, we can use a garage of a PLC control unit PLC together constitute more than the structure of local area network. If the size of the garage is large enough, you can also consider the equipment operation, touch screen and the IC card, magnetic card machine intelligent automatic control.Garage is divided into three control - manual, semi-automatic and fully automatic. Manual operator in the field by hand to jog each pallet control; semi-automatic PLC control panel for operating the buttons automatically by the PLC logic control; automatic access to the command given by the computer implementation of the PLC (with the requirements of "operator"). Mainly used for maintenance of manually debugging or exception handling, is the highest priority; semi-automatic or automatic mode for normal processing and out of vehicles, including semi-automatic mode takes precedence over automatic. In the case of the computer offline, PLC control panel to complete all the access to truck operators.2.2 PLC control system designPLC control system is the core of the garage, its operation can be divided into three categories: (1) diagnosis and treatment based operation; (2) Contact data on the state vo-site operation; (3) the implementation of programs and services and external users equipment, command operations. When the access operation, PLC receive and analyze the operator in the control panel button (or PC) input instructions, the IPC to make reasonable arrangements: to determine the status of detection devices, mechanical drive part of the garage read the information, feedback to the implementation of components, drag parking board to achieve its position of movement, access to complete vehicle operation and signal display (LED). The action area with light, power detectionand multiple safety systems to prevent exceptions from happening. By photoelectric detection, hardware and software signal interlocking, limit, anti-fall protection, overload protection device to ensure the security of the system running smoothly.The completion of the main PLC system tray, pallet location and operating status of the detection and access to vehicle operation. With a variety of optical switches, limit switch detection position of the state, with the contactor, relay control drag from the motor stops.That control the operation of the parking spaces sliding down a small motor and large motor, so that they achieve reversing at different times. And lift the upper layers of the sliding action and the following actions must be interlocked, that is, when the upper berth down, the following layers of berths can not be moved, and vice versa. And the upper berth only one berth for each lifting movement up and down.In order to ensure reliable and secure access to vehicles, the system should be precise positioning. Limit switch can be set to ensure that the pallet and the pallet level to the desired location to move up or down to the exact location, but to strictly limit switch interlock logic. For example, 1, 2 level limit switch in the static case, only one is broken, if the switch is closed more than 2 means that the pallet is not in place. Still in the garage, all should be fixed pallet off the hook signal (negative logic), limit switches off Layer 2 and 3 layer limit position switch is closed.To ensure the operation of loading the safety board, the insurance must be taken to drive the design and safety self-locking linked insurance design: chain drive with brake motor, no matter what happens, are in a state of self-protection; control security linked to the solenoid action must have a feedback signal, can be used to indicate whether the link has hung the tray. Photoelectric switches arranged in different positions have different functions: the bottom of the tray installed around two sides of the photoelectric switch detects whether the tray in place on the car park; placed in the tray on the diagonal of the photoelectric switch detects whether the car on a pallet; installed in parking the vehicle population of about 2 at the side of the optical switch can also be used to detect movement and parking spaces outside the errors that occur when moving abnormal situation. In case the vehicle is not well arranged, the action area are people or things, like running a car entered in unexpected circumstances such as optical switches light is cover, will give a level change in PLC signal, thus changing the PLC's input, buzzer long tone and the alarm device does not run or stop running.Also used in the garage of some sensors, smoke temperature sensor to detect the alarm off Sheng Songsheng or broken chain displacement sensors, and warning devices, emergency stop switch, the manual button, reset switch.2.3 PLC control system programming(1) control program flow chartThe vehicle control system access only to the upper (2,3, 4-layer) parkingspaces, and for the lower parking spaces, access can be opened directly into the car. Control software using the ladder language. Program flow shown in Figure 4, a description is to rely on the tray with rope or chain hanging points on the tray hanging bracket, in the stationary state, fall protection (security) hooks to hook the tray, the tray to fall, must be first increased to the highest point, remove the safety hook can be decreased.And out of different layers in the design process was used for the car, "convergence of parallel branch and" technique, the so-called parallel branches of each branch of the process refers to the simultaneous implementation of all actions to be after the end of the process, according to the corresponding execution condition, the convergence state action. Ie If you select Layer 3 tray out of vehicles, can make the floor while the second floor pan (left or right), so the system can automatically control the sequence of movement between processing equipment interlock or double output, and test control system convenient operation and fault checking can save a lot of time and improve efficiency.(2) control program optimizationBecause the movements of the upper tray to empty parking spaces to the lower before it can be to 3 floors above ground parking spaces movement, for example, a layer of empty parking spaces there are N kinds of positions, 2 layer tray down the movements of a related species N2, 3 tier tray The movement pattern may have N3 species, along with parking spaces and increase, the sharp expansion of the program will, therefore, how to find the easy way to make the program will be optimized programming of the system difficult. To layer 2, for example, stored in the variable knife overcast layer 2 needs to access the parking spaces, 1 of a N, such as the upper X (1 ≤ X ≤ N) No parking access, then Dm = X; in Dn in No storage of the lower air spaces, such as parking space number Y, then Dn = Y; making access to the vehicles, the Dm and Dn values in comparison, the result is zero, the upper spaces of the tray can move down; If the result is greater than zero, then the first empty parking spaces on the right to move the first one pallet space on the left, then repeat the process until the empty parking spaces in the upper below the required access, the parking spaces on the upper tray to the lifting movement . Process of optimizing the structure shown in Figure 5.3 access layer and 4 layers approach the car and 2 layers similar.(3) modular programmingPLC programming control program is modular forms, parking only during the operation of subroutine modules, which greatly reduces the complexity of the program to facilitate the process of change, and the expansion of parking spaces provided for the convenience. The entire process including the main program module, manual key subroutine modules, emergency stop button subroutine modules, initialization program modules, program modules to access the assignment number of parking spaces, parking space number and mobile number of parking spaces assigned program modules, programmodules tray translational motion , photoelectric switch subroutine modules, pallet lifting exercise program modules and the fault alarm subroutine modules.(4) software design in the treatment of several key issuesProgram with the state components, timers, and data memory are used with power-down protection components, power down when the system components to maintain the status before power off to save the site information, to be completed after power is interrupted to the action; when Accident occurs, press the emergency stop button to abort the operation of the system and save the scene breakpoint information; when there is an electrical or mechanical failure, such as motor overload, overheating the automatic stay system operation, concurrent sound and light alarm, and the system transferred Manually for troubleshooting.3 ConclusionLifting and transferring parking control system using PLC control, so that the whole control system reliability greatly improved, especially when the series more parking spaces, they can realize the automatic allocation of parking spaces to meet the garage control functions and performance requirements, complete achieve automatic control and out of the car. Design optimization software, the expansion makes the system more convenient parking spaces; the same time, the software design uses a "parallel branching and merging" skills, greatly reducing the time and out of cars and improve work efficiency. If the second development, increase communication module can be achieved only with the host computer communication, modern management by computer.。
停车场设计外文翻译整理版
Parking Structures Functional DesignGreg ForceParking Structures:Recommended Practice for Design and Construction, Chapter 2, Parking Structures Functional Design. The United States of America:PCI committee on parking structures. Page 1～6.停车场结构功能设计格雷格力停车场结构的设计和施工建议做法，第2章，停车场结构功能设计。
美国：停车场结构PCI委员会。
1～6页。
2 停车场功能设计2.1 介绍本章概述了多层停车场的许多非结构性方面的设计。
停车场对于车辆的行驶、存取和行人的出行来说是种独特的交通设施，这种特性在车辆与行人的交流发生在相对密封的停车空间里时显得尤为突出。
由于这种独特性，停车设计专业方面的相关咨询已不断发展。
对于停车场细节的完整性以及工程的完成质量，项目所有人或开发商能留住一个合格的停车场顾问是非常重要的。
功能设计包括车辆和行人流通的开发以及停车位的布局。
这其中也包含了操作的和安全功能的设计。
对于自助型的停车场功能设计包括：停车场类型循环系统安全防护街道出入口设计车位配置照明收费控制／操作系统行人流通图形与标牌2.1.1停车场类型2.1.1.1操作类型两种普遍的停车场包括服务型和自助型。
在服务型停车场里，车主将车辆停放在入口处，由服务人员泊车。
当车主返回取车时，服务人员检索找到车辆并驾驶到出口处交给车主。
服务型停车场通常凭借堆叠停放来最大化停车数量（图2-1）。
这种停车场通常位于地价高昂的大城市。
如今，在北美最常见的是自助型停车场，车主自行存取车辆（图2-2）。
本章只讨论自助型停车场的功能设计方法。
2.1.1.2建筑规范类型建筑模型规范通常将停车场分为两类：开放式停车场和停车库。
智能停车场中英文对照外文翻译文献
智能停车场中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)智能停车场最近几年来汽车的动态平衡与静态管理已成为许多专家学者重点研究的新课题。
智能停车场系统为了保证车辆安全和交通方便，迫切需要采用自动化程度高、方便快捷的停车场自动管理系统，提高停车场管理水平。
现阶段的目标就是要提供满足人们工作、生活、娱乐环境更科学、规范、有效快捷、安全、方便的智能停车场自动管理系统。
停车场管理系统正在向大型化、复杂化、集成化和高科技化方向发展，智能停车场系统已经被纳入智能建筑的一个重要子系统，并且正与智能建筑的其它子系统进一步高度集成。
智能停车场管理系统采用先进技术和高度自动化的机电设备，将机械、电子计算机和自控设备以及智能IC卡技术有机地结合起来，通过电脑管理可实现车辆出入管理、自动存储数据等功能，实现脱机运行并提供—种高效管理服务的系统。
新型的智能停车场将生活理念和建筑艺术、信息技术、计算机电子技术等现代高科技完美结合，提供的是一种操作简单、使用方便、功能先进的人性化系统。
它依靠高科技，以人为本，采用图形人机界面操作方式，提供一种更加安全、舒适、方便、快捷和开放的智能化、信息化生活空间，促进了人文环境的健康发展。
1 目前国内外停车场主要有以下几种类型1．1 机械式停车场机械式停车场是国内停车场主要的一种，机械式停车场是指停车场完全由机械停车设备如曳引驱动机、导向轮、载车板、横移装置、控制柜、召唤操作盘、升降回转装置、搬运器等构成。
分为升降横移类、垂直循环类、水平循环类、多层循环类、平面移动类、垂直升降类、简单升降类等类型。
因其停车方式多样独特，具有很强的应用性。
它的主要优点有占地面积小，选型多样、可具体结合场地特点设计，也可与其他方式相结合来实施，自动化程度高，操作使用方便，管理和维护也较为容易，具有定量存车的特点。
1．2 平面停车场系统智能停车场系统平面停车场系统因其主要采取感应式IC卡读卡方式，所以也叫感应式停车场系统。
立体仓库中英文对照外文翻译文献
立体仓库中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)由一个单一的存储/检索机服务的多巷道自动化立体仓库存在的拣选分拣问题摘要随着现代化科技的发展，仓库式存储系统在设计与运行方面出现了巨大的改革。
自动化立体仓库（AS / RS）嵌入计算机驱动正变得越来越普遍。
由于AS / RS 使用的增加对计算机控制的需要与支持也在提高。
这项研究解决了在多巷道立体仓库的拣选问题，在这种存储/检索（S / R）操作中，每种货物可以在多个存储位置被寻址到。
提出运算方法的目标是，通过S/R系统拣选货物来最大限度的减少行程时间。
我们开发的遗传式和启发式算法，以及通过比较从大量的问题中得到一个最佳的解决方案。
关键词：自动化立体仓库，AS / RS系统，拣选，遗传算法。
1.言在现今的生产环境中，库存等级保持低于过去。
那是因为这种较小的存储系统不仅降低库存量还增加了拣选货物的速度。
自动化立体仓库（AS / RS），一方面通过提供快速响应，来达到高操作效率；另一方面它还有助于运作方面的系统响应时间，减少的拣选完成的总行程时间。
因此，它常被用于制造业、储存仓库和分配设备等行业中。
拣选是仓库检索功能的基本组成部分。
它的主要目的是，在预先指定的地点中选择适当数量的货物以满足客户拣选要求。
虽然拣选操作仅仅是物体在仓储中装卸操作之一，但它却是“最耗时间和花费最大的仓储功能。
许多情形下，仓储盈利的高低就在于是否能将拣选操作运行处理好”。
（Bozer和White）Ratliff和Rosenthal，他们关于自动化立体仓库系统（AS/RS）的拣选问题进行的研究，发明了基图算法，在阶梯式布局中选取最短的访问路径。
Roodbergen 和de Koster 拓展了Ratliff 和Rosenthal算法。
他们认为，在平行巷道拣选问题上，应该穿越巷道末端和中间端进行拣选，就此他们发明了一种动态的规划算法解决这问题。
就此Van den Berg 和Gademann发明了一种运输模型(TP)，它是对于指定的存储和卸载进行测算的仪器。
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附件2：外文文献译文与原文专业班级：电气124 姓名：陈威驰学号：50基于密码的旋转多层停车场系统作者：Nayab Suhail Hamirani, Imdad Ali Ismaili,Asad Ali Shaikh, Faheem Ahmed, Azhar Ali Shah摘要：在人口稠密地区和较大的城市，由于交通拥挤，停车成为了一个大问题。
使用旋转立体停车系统能够有效地减轻这个问题。
使用停车系统能够在更少的空间获得更安全的停车场。
为了降低成本并获得更小的空间和最佳的性能，我们使用ATMEL单片机作为主处理器，同时借助LCD和电机分别用于显示和旋转楼层。
密码锁定系统用来区分用户并检测停车场还剩下多少自由空间。
随着市场的全球化，汽车的数量也上升到了无法控制的局面。
设计这个系统模型的初衷就是为了解决这个问题，同时本项目中嵌入密码锁定系统也可以提高车辆停车的安全性。
关键词:基于密码的安全性；单片机；直流齿轮电机；普通IC；快速PCB1．引言本项目的目的是设计一种自动多层停车场系统，帮助普通民众将车停放在更小更安全的地方。
由于现代人口密集，以前的一些停车位被用作一些基础设施的建设，在大企业和公寓需要一个可以避免空间浪费的创新设计。
但是，这类项目的开发一直有个问题，虽然这些停车场是多层的，可是并不安全。
因此为了能够使用密码锁设备我们使用了微控制器，同时我们还使用了旋转楼层以保证最佳的设计。
本项目基于圆形建筑而不是正方形或长方形的建筑物，之所以这么选择是因为通过使用圆形建筑形状我们可以停放更多的车辆，但是使用其他形状的建筑物像正方形和矩形就很难这么做[1]。
在提案中，我们需要的器件包括两个电机，不同的操作开关，一个振荡器，一个按钮和液晶显示屏[6]。
2．项目研究现状在信息时代，我们可以看到人口已经增长到了一个不可控制的程度。
为了弥补这个问题我们设计了很多的大型项目。
但是很多项目都不安全，从人类的利益和缓解停车危机的角度出发我们设计了多层旋转停车场，这个设计可以有效的处理安全问题。
目前的立体停车系统都是线性机制的，而我们发现最能替代缓解用户和节省空间的是旋转立体停车系统。
这个项目的另一个与众不同的特性是我们嵌入了密码锁定系统，每个用户都有自己独特的密码可以增加安全性，万一用户忘记了密码，我们还做了一些访问技术可以解决这个问题。
3．基本思路我们在项目里放一个液晶用了显示各种信息。
一个LCD屏幕放在大门口，当车辆到达门口区域时LCD屏幕在初始化后将显示一个“欢迎”消息，然后检测车辆重量并等待用户输入信息。
这个时候用户有两种选择，要么把车辆停放到车库中，或从车库里提车。
当用户要停放他/她的车辆时，他/她会得到一个密码。
用户为了提车就要通过按键输入密码，如果密码错误就无法提车，在这种情况下他/她必须找管理员处理才能够提到车。
分配给用户的特定密码长四位数而且会显示在屏幕上的液晶两秒，它根据编程的变化可能会有所不同。
该项目建立在楼层的动力机制上。
这些楼层可以由单片机控制着旋转到特定的位置，即升高和向下到各个楼层。
在我们的模型中是一个两层停车场，每层有四个车位，总共有八个停车车位。
当车辆靠近入口大门时，安装在地面上微动开关就会收到挤压。
如果停车场已满，没有可用空间建筑停车的车辆，那么LCD液晶将显示“对不起”。
我们已经使用了塑料原型作为机械模型，实际操作中我们可以讲楼层可以增加至任何数量。
图1是一个大型停车场的系统图。
图1 系统概述4.系统模型图1所示的系统模型由两层组成。
当然在某些环境我们可以用几百个可以转动切换的楼层实现系统。
每个用户都能被分到一个楼层和停车位号码。
在机械部件的底座部分有一个直流电机来执行旋转。
这里为了简单起见我们只用一扇门同时作为入口和出口。
我们使用楼层上的按键当作电机开关还同时使用了传感器检测汽车的重量来充当开关用以打开或关闭大门。
我们用处理器中的微控制器来处理LCD和开关。
5．处理技术因为89c51很简单，所以我们将ATMEL 89c51单片机作为主处理器，整个编程是用汇编语言完成的[2]。
AT89C51单片机是一个8位低功耗微控制器，具有良好的工作效率，它的内存是4 k字节，当然取决于我们的项目要求我们也可以连接外部内存。
内部闪存的可再编程这是它最强大的功能之一。
Atmel 89C51是一款高度灵活、廉价的嵌入式控制应用的微控制器。
6.系统组成A．外围驱动阵列集成电路我们使用外围驱动器集成电路与单片机接口集成的电路连接三个继电器去控制电机。
Darlington的NPN型晶体管非常适合逻辑电平数字电路(ATMEL 89c51) 之间的低压接口和高电流/电压设备，同样也适用在工业和消费领域的继电器和其他应用程序。
ULN2003集成电路是一种高电压、高电流接口集成电路。
B.稳压芯片LM7805我们可以利用7805芯片执行转换从而得到12伏直流电压提供给整个项目。
虽然负载电流或温度会有所变化，但是我们将集成电路电压调节器的输出连接到过滤整流器就保证了输出电压或电流的稳定。
这样集成的电路调节器有三个端子、一个输入端子、一个输出端和一个参考端子。
C .晶体振荡器振荡器是一个能够产生没有任何外部信号源的输出波形的电路，直流电源以这个输出作为唯一的输入。
因此，振荡器可以看作一个信号发生器，当然，有许多类型的振荡器。
在单片机和微处理器为基础的项目，晶体振荡器是使用最广泛的一个振荡器，因为它能够产生非常稳定的输出波形，而大多数通信应用程序也要求使用非常稳定的振荡器输出信号。
石英晶体是决定晶体振荡器的主要频率的原件。
D .液晶显示在这个项目中使用了一个16x2的液晶显示器，显示由单片机产生的消息，即显示了密码，欢迎信息和其他必要的信息。
液晶是一种小型低成本显示，在嵌入式控制器与微控制器接口很好使用。
许多微控制器有库代码，使显示消息如显示一行代码简单。
液晶显示不同于其他显示设备，如7段显示，真空荧光显示器等显示，这些显示设备产生光，但是LCD控制光。
因此，液晶显示器的外观也完全不同于其他显示器。
LCD字符通常在光线背景下面显示深色。
E .直流齿轮电机这个项目中需要使用两个直流齿轮电机供旋转机构旋转，一个提供圆周运动，另一个提供楼层的水平运动。
齿轮马达由电动机和一个装在同一位置的齿轮传动装置组成以降低设计的复杂度和成本。
它们虽然只有较低的马力不过却足以支撑整个建筑。
7．项目测试开始的时候如果是所有停车位都是空置的，车会停在编号为1的停车位。
然后用户按开关A,对应1号开关的门会自动关闭,密码将显示在液晶屏幕上两秒钟。
同样，当第二辆车出现在入口时，这位车主再按下微动开关A停放汽车时，控制器会将车停在编号为2的停车位。
停车后，用户必须按下开关门才会关闭，密码也将被显示在液晶显示屏上两秒。
类似地，如果还有车要停在车库里的时候，只需再次按下微动开关，车会被分配到接下来的位置，过程都会跟上面一样直到车库里停满了车。
首先下层会停满车，然后才会停到上层。
现在，如果用户想从提车，他必须按下开关B输入开始液晶屏幕显示的密码。
有的时候用户提车之后就会空出位置，如果有车辆在入口处停着，则微控制器将搜索空位置，并将其中的一个位置分配给车辆以停泊。
现在，单片机会从位置1开始搜索空置车位。
如果有三个空的空间，他们的位置是位置2，位置5和位置7。
在这种情况下，单片机将分配会先把车分配到位置1，如果还有车才会被分配到位置5和位置7，如图2和图3所示。
图2 停车步骤1图3 车辆的实际位置8．系统框图总体框图如图4所示:图4 总体框图9．系统布局在布局部分构造原型可以看到单个组件所在的位置，电源提供适当的隔离和接地。
图5模块中的液晶模块放在用户给用户提供消息。
详细可见图5。
图5 系统布局10．系统模拟A.程序这里使用Atmel 89c51给多个Atmel 89系列微控制器编程。
例如:89c51/52/55等。
我们喜欢它是因为其简单性和低成本，当然这里也可以使用avr单片机或PLC。
B.基于Keil软件我们使用在Keil公司的µVision IDE来上传程序到集成电路中，这带来了许多新特性。
这个IDE具有很多强大的功能。
它可以是一个很好的模拟器和软件，可以上传程序到硬件电路芯片上。
项目管理，编辑和程序的调试功能使软件的使用变得轻松、高效。
同时在Keil 中创建嵌入式的程序是很简单的。
OrCAD 软件主要用于电子设计自动化。
在ORCAD创建电子部件的印刷电路板设计图很简单。
D.快速PCB和布局我们使用快速PCB，PCB布局如图6所示，电子专业的学生最好使用快速PCB软件去创建原型电路。
图6 PCB布局E. EDSIM模拟器EDSIM模拟器可以用来模拟89C51系列，写在汇编代码面板上面的汇编代码可以用阶跃函数检查错误，最后观察它的运行结果。
我们使用这个模拟器提高我们的编程效率，我们可以观察到所有寄存器和内存RAM、ROM的数据，从而更好的处理错误。
11．密码列表图7 项目中的密码分配12．原理图该项目的原理图如图8所示。
图8 原理图13．结论在这个项目中,每层楼层最多停放四辆车。
当有车辆退出时传感器检测楼层里还有多少车辆。
通过建立一个交互式的用户界面、车辆跟踪系统、一个电梯控制系统和监控系统，我们实现了这个自动化目标。
我们可以在较大的城市实现我们的项目，那里有很多单位，广场却没有了足够的停车空间。