初中英语语法专题二代词
初中英语语法---代词专题(含练习)
专题复习代词代词：可以用来代替名词的词称为代词。
小学和初中阶段学到的代词通常可分为以下六类：人称代词（I, you, he, we, it 等）物主代词（our, your, their, his 等）反身代词（myself, ourselves, yourself 等）指示代词（this, that, these, those 等）疑问代词（who, what, which, whose, when, where 等）不定代词（both, all, some, any 等）一、人称代词的单数、复数和主格、宾格（重点：it的用法在第三单元语法中Eg1. I am studying English.Eg2. They love their school.多个人称代词并列作主语时的位置：单数形式：二、三、一（you, he/she and I ）复数形式：一、二、三（we, you and they）男女并列男在先，错误责任我承担。
人称代词的宾格在句中做宾语。
Eg1. He gave me a pen.Eg2. We are waiting for them.二、物主代词物主代词用来表示人和物之间的所有关系，有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代Eg1. My parents are both doctors.Eg2. There’s something wrong with his bike.名词性物主代词应独立使用，后面不跟名词，相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语或标语。
Eg1. Our classroom is on the second floor, and theirs is on the fourth floor. (作主语) Eg2. Let’s clean their room first, and then clean ours. (作宾语)Eg3. That pen is hers. (做表语)of+名词性物主代词=of +名词所有格（a friend of hers=a friend of Lily’s）三、反身代词Eg. My grandpa is very old, he can’t look after himself.在句中作名词或代词的同位语，用来加强语气，常译为“亲自”，“本人”等。
初中英语语法专项练习——代词(含答案)
初中英语语法专项练习——代词单项填空: 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和疑问代词1. ____ is she? She's a nurse.A. WhoB. WhereC. WhichD. What2. ____ is Tom like? Oh, he's short.A. WhichB. WhoC. WhatD. Whom3. ____ cap is that?A. Who'sB. WhoC. WhoseD. Where4. ____ is no use telling him about that.A. ThisB. ThatC. TheseD. It5. The three men, Bob, Joe and ____ met at the station.A. IB. meC. herD. you6. ____ have been to Paris.A. I, you and heB. He, you and IC. You, he and ID. You, he and me7. My brother is so young that he can't take care of ____ .A. himB. herselfC. himselfD. his8. The young teacher teaches ____ politics.A. usB. ourC. oursD. ourself9. Our work is not so good as ____ .A. himB. heC. hisD. he's10. Has Jack got the money? Yes, I gave ____ yesterday.A .to him them B. to him if C. him them D. it to him11. How hard ____ works!A. we B .him C. he D. his12. Won't you let ____ help you?A. I and my friendB. my friend and IC. my friend and meD. my friend and I to13. He asked the three men, Bob, Joe and ____ to be ready.A. IB. himselfC. meD. herself14. All my classmates are going to the Summer Palace except ____ .A. he and IB. he and meC. him and ID. him and me15. Go ____ to ____!A. here, usB. there, theyC. there, themD. here, we16. The moon is shining brightly tonight .____ is like a round plate.A. ItsB. HeC. SheD. They17. He is as tall as ____ .A. sheB. herC. himD. himself18. If I were ____ , I would take the advice.A. sheB. herC. heD. his19. Open the door. please? It's ____ .A. IB. myC. mineD. me20. She hasn't brought ____ book with her. Will you lend her ____?A. hers, yourB. her, yourC. hers, yoursD. her, yours21. That's not ____ ; it is ____. I made it ____.A. yours, mine, myselfB.your, mine, myselfC. yours, her, myselfD. yours, my, myself22. John's book is more interesting than ____ .A. your bookB. your oneC. yourselfD. yours23. Either Mary or her parents will let me use ____ car.A. herB. theirC. mineD. him24. The bird builds ____ nest in the tree.A. herB. it'sC. itsD. her's25. The sun makes ____ day and night.A. itsB. weC. ourD. ours.26. ─I've forgotten my bread.─Never mind, you can have ____ .A. some of usB. us someC. some of oursD. some of our27. Two sisters of ____ help us with our English.A. himB. hisC. heD. he's28. Are they friends ____ ?A.of youB.to youC. to yoursD.of yours29. Lily and Bill want to see it ____ .A. theirselvesB. themselvesC. himselfD. themself30. We had better ask the secretary ____ .A. hisB. himC. himselfD. themselves31. We met his grandma ____ .A. himselfB. hersC. herselfD. her32. The girl dresses ____ when she gets up.A. herB. sheC. herselfD. himself33. Please help ____ to some tea.A. meB. himC. yourselfD. yours34. Tom is not quite ____ today.A. hisselfB. himC. hisD. himself35. I'll bring ____ dictionary with me.A. myselfB. ourselvesC. my ownD. own36. ____ magazine is over there.A. TheseB. ThoseC. ThisD. That37. ____ a good idea.A. This isB. That's38. He was ill. ____ is why he didn't attend the meeting.A. ThisB. ItC. ThereD. That39. What I want to tell you is ____ : The meeting is put off till Friday.A. itB. thisC. thatD. its40. She went to swim and I'll do ____ .A. suchB. sameC. the same asD. the same41. Our feeling was ____ .A. the same as theyB. same as theirsC. same as theyD. the same as theirs42. They left for Shanghai on ____ day.A. the sameB. such43. You can do it now or leave it till later, it is ____ to me.A. the sameB. all the same44. Who is that boy ? ____ .A. He is a studentB. He is a workerC. He is my brotherD. He is tall45. It was ____ warm day that they went swimming.A. suchB. such aC. soD. so a46. It was ____ a long time ago.A. suchB. very47. ____ is he? He is a bus driver.A. WhoB. WhichC. ThatD. What48. How is your brother ? ____ .A. That's heB. That's himC. He's very goodD. He's very well49. ____ these girls do you know?A. Which ofB. Who areC. WhatD. How many50. ____ paper do you read? I read " China Daily ".A. WhichB. HowC. How manyD. What51. ____ is the quickest way from here to the Bank?A. WhatB. WhichC. What wayD. Which the way52. What' s his name ? ____.A. It JohnB. John it's the nameC. It's JohnD. Its John53. What colour are your new shoes ? ____ .A. They are brown colourB. It's brownC. They are brownD. They are colour brown54. ____ hat is that?A. Who'sB. WhoseC. WhoD. Whom55. The TV sets made in Shanghai are much better than ____ made in Beijing.A. thatB. theseC. thoseD. it单项填空: 不定代词(70分, 70分钟)1. If you need money, I'll lend you ____ .A. oneB. someC. anyD. those2. The pen I'm writing with is different from ____ .A. that onesB. that oneC. that one'sD. those one3. I remember ____ word he said that day.A. allB. noneC. bothD. every4. " Does he study physics or chemistry ?" " He studies ____ ."A. eitherB. neitherC. none D .all5. "Does he study English or Russian ?" "He studies ____ ."A. bothB. allC. eitherD. none6. There are several windows in the room. The ____ face south.A. bothB. allC. everyD. either7. Do you have ____ to say at the meeting?A. something importantB. anything importantC. important somethingD. important anything8. I've had enough bread, would you like ____ ?A. one moreB. some moreC. any muchD. another more9. ____ wore what she liked best.A. Each of the womenB. Each of the womanC. Each of womenD. Each the women10. I don't know ____ .A. anyone of themB. any one of childrenC. no oneD. any one of the children11. She has four daughters. One is a doctor, but ____ are workers.A. anotherB. otherC. the othersD. the other12. I asked her if she know ____ .A. all themB. them allC. them of allD. every them13. ____ can always try to do a little better than ____ best.A. One, youB. One, oneC. One, hisD. One, one's14. One of the students hasn't prepared ____ lessons very well.A. one'sB. onesC. theirD. his15. Everyone should be careful of ____ pronunciation.A. theirB. onesC. ourD. his16. Have you any books on cooking? I'd like to borrow ____ .A. itB. thatC. thisD. one17. Have you got any apples? Yes, I've got ____ .A. a smallB. some smallC. two small onesD. two small18. Is this your coat? No, mine is ____.A. one blueB. a blue one19. If you need money,I'll lend you ____ .A. oneB. itC. thoseD. some.20. "Have you found the pen you lost yesterday ?"A. oneB. the oneC. one'sD. it21. I've got ____ interesting books.A. someB. any22. Put ____ bread on the table; we need ____ more.A. any, someB. some, anyC. some, someD. any, any23. There isn't ____ work for us to do.A. someB. any24. He remembers having read about it in ____ .A. any storybookB. some storybook25. I have ____ important to tell you.A. somethingB. anything26. Is there ____ wrong with your TV set?A. somethingB. anything27. If there are ____ good apples in the shop, buy me two pounds.A. someB. any28. Both of these are interesting books. You can borrow ____ of them.A. anyB. either29. All these are interesting books. You can borrow ____ of them.A. anyB. both30. Come ____ you like.A. some dayB. any day.31. ____ can answer the question. It's quite easy.A. SomebodyB. Anybody32. Why don't you get ____ to read during the winter vacation (寒假) ?A. anythingB. something33. Would you like ____ beer?A. anyB. some34. ____ of the students was given a book.A. EachB. Every35. ____ student should respect (尊敬) the teacher.A. EachB. Every36. Two boys came and I gave an apple to ____ .A. eachB. every37. The soldiers lined on ____ side of the road.A. eachB. every38. Everyone must do ____ best to help others.A. one'sB. his39. Here are two dictionaries. You may use ____ of them.A. eitherB. eachC. everyD. all40. There are flowers on ____ side of the door.A. eitherB. both41. On ____ banks of the river there are trees and flowers.A. eitherB. both42. He lent me two books, but ____ of them is easy to read.A. bothB. neither43. He lent me a few books, but ____ of them are easy to read.A. neitherB. none44. His parents are ____ English teachers.A. allB. both45. ____ like music.A. the both girlsB. Both this girlsC. Both of themD. Both they46. ____ are very good.A. Both theyB. The both boysC. Both those boysD. Both of they47. There are two windows in the room. They ____ face south.A. allB. bothC. everyD. either48. Does he speak English or Russian? He doesn't speak ____ .A. eitherB. neitherC. noneD. all49. The teacher wanted to invite them ____ to the musical evening.A. everybodyB. all50. I've read ____ of the books.A. no oneB. none51. " How many elephants did you see ?" "____."A. NoneB. No oneC. Not many onesD. No many52. My sister gave me two pictures.One is the Great Wall, ____ isthe Ming Tombs (明十三陵) .A. anotherB. the other53. Some like physics, ____ like chemistry.A. the othersB. others54. He has four brothers. One is in Beijing, but ____ are in Nanjing.A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. the others55. I have five colour pencils. One is red, another is blue and ____ green.A. otherB. the otherC. othersD. the others56. I don't think this is a good idea. Has he any ____ suggestion (建议) ?A. oneB. anotherC. otherD. the other57. These cups are ours. Those are ____ .A. othersB. others'C. other'sD. others's58. The coat is too big. Please show me ____ .A. otherB. another59. Have ____ , please!A. the other cup of teaB. another cup of tea60. They are talking ____.A. each otherB. one anotherC. one to anotherD. to each other61. Joan dances better than ____ in the school.A. any girlB. any other girlC. some girlD. some other girl62. We have only ____ tickets left.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little63. Not all workers go home on Saturday; ____ still stay in the factory.A. a fewB. fewC. noneD. a little64. A lot of people have tried, but ____ have succeeded (成功).A. the fewB. fewC. someD. a few65. He says ____ but does much.A. fewB. a littleC. littleD. a few66. Hurry up! We have only ____ time left.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little67. Fred eats ____ bread.A .too many B. so much C. fewer D. so many68. How ____ is that fish?A. manyB. muchC. moreD. most69. Try to make as ____ mistakes as possible in your homework.A. lessB. littleC. fewD. fewer70. Quite ____ people came to the party though it was raining hard.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little1.D2. C3. C4. D5. A6. C7. C8. A9. C 10. D11. C 12. C 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. D21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30.C31. C 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. D 39. B 40.D41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. A 50.D51. B 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. C 1. 1-7 C C B B B BC 2. 1-4 C B C A 3. 1-7 B CD A D D A 4. 1-4 B A A C 5. 1-3 D A A 6. 1-3 A A D7. 1-3A D C8. 1-3 DB B9. 1-3 B D B10. 1-5 B ACD A11. 1-3 B D A12. 1-4 D C C B13. 1-4B BC C14. 1-3 B B A15. 1-3 A B B16. 1-4 CD B B17. 1-6 B C B A B D。
外研版英语九年级下册Module2 名师总结：初中英语语法代词全解
名师总结：初中英语语法代词全解代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。
按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
一. 人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。
2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。
如：I like table tennis. 我喜欢乒乓球。
〔作主语〕Do you know him? 你认识他吗？〔作宾语〕3.人称代词还可作表语。
作表语时用宾格。
如：---Who is knocking at the door? 是谁在敲门？---It’s me.是我。
4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进展比拟时，用主格和宾格都可以。
如：He is older than me.他比我大。
He is older than I am. 他比我大。
二. 物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。
例如：Our teacher is coming to see us.我们的教师将来看我们。
This is her pencil-box.这是她的铅笔盒。
3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
Our school is here, and theirs is there.我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。
〔作主语〕--- Is this English-book yours? 这是你的英语书吗？〔作表语〕--- No. Mine is in my bag.不是，我的在书包里。
I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? 我已经做完家庭作业。
你做完了吗？〔作宾语〕三. 指示代词指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
初中英语语法专题02-代词-专项训练-精选50题
专题02-代词一、单项选择1．We took pride in _________ when we succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain finally.A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves 2．Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us ________ new every day. A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something 3．—Can I book a ticket for Friday?—Sorry, we have ________ left. How about one for Saturday?A．some B．nothing C．none D．all4．— When shall we meet, Saturday or Sunday?— ________ day is fine. It’s no problem with me.A．Either B．Any C．Neither D．All 5．Beatrice loves to draw apples. You can see ________ in her notebooks, on her letter paper, and even on her school bags!A．one B．others C．them D．it6．The mother encourages her little son to learn to look after ________ .A．hers B．herself C．his D．himself7．I always believe that there isn’t ________ difficult if we set our mind to do it. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 8．Follow your dreams and don’t let ________ put you down or tell you that you can’t do it. A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one9．My uncle is coming back from London. We can’t wait to see ________.A．him B．her C．it D．them 10．—Anna, I left my exercise book at home. Can I share ________?—Yes, of course!A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 11．—Who will send you to the new school, your mom or your dad?—________. I’ll go there on a bus by myself.A．Both B．Either C．None D．Neither 12．— Is this your Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩)?— No. ________ is on the sofa.A．Hers B．His C．Yours D．Mine13．Tu Youyou and Yuan Longping set good examples to young people. Everyone should be proud of ________.A．her B．him C．you D．them14．My grandfather is too old to care for________, so my mother has to give up her job to look after________.A．his; him B．his; himself C．himself; him D．himself; himself 15．Don’t worry. This boy is old enough to look after ________.A．himself B．him C．he D．themselves 16．—Any other suggestions, Dr. Lin?—Remember not to smoke. Babies’ health is much more likely to be influenced if__________ parent smokes.A．neither B．none C．both D．either 17．My pen is broken. So Jack lent ________ to me.A．mine B．his C．hers D．theirs 18．—Is the girl in a red skirt your sister?—Yes. ________ favorite color is red.A．Her B．She C．His D．He19．— I like plays that describe the lives of common people in China.— Teahouse is one of them. Let’s go and buy ________.A．it B．one C．them D．those 20．We must protect animals. They are ________ friends.A．his B．our C．her D．their二、根据首字母或汉语提示填空21．Mary’s answer is different from mine, but I really agree with h_________.22．They are too busy to help us finish the work. Let’s do it o__________.23．Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to lookafter t________.24．N____ is impossible, as long as you stick to your dream and keep trying. 25．—Could you please come to my office? I have s________ important to tell you.—Of course. I will come soon.26．E_____ Lily or Lucy is going with you, because one of them must stay at home. 27．We never know the love of the parents until we become parents o________.28．N________ of them is interesting. They’re boring.29．—Where would you like to go tomorrow, Tiger Hill or Lingering Garden?—E________ is OK. It’s up to you.30．May I use your pen? You know, ________ (我的) is broken.31．I looked at __________ in the mirror and felt satisfied.（自己）32．I don’t like this T-shirt. Please show me ________ (另一个) one.33．This is my book and that is __________ (你的).34．I like ________ (两者) of the two fans the twins gave me as my birthday gifts. 35．His hometown is famous for tea, and _________ (我的) is famous for pears and grapes. 36．________ of us gives up fighting with the COVID-19. (没有一个)37．Our children go to the same school as ________ (他们的).38．Bill and his brother Mike made the model plane by ________(自己).39．—Do you know who can lend me a bike?—Ask Andy. You can borrow ________.40．He tried to lift the heavy box by ________, but failed.三、完成句子41．English is the most difficult _________ _________ in all of the subjects.在所有的科目中，英语对我来说是最难的。
(完整版)初中英语语法15个专题汇总(带习题和答案)
目录专题一名词 (1)专题二数词、冠词 (8)专题三介词、连词 (14)专题四代词 (21)专题五形容词、副词 (31)专题六动词的分类 (39)专题七情态动词、系动词 (46)专题八动词时态 (52)专题九被动语态 (58)专题十非谓语动词 (64)专题十一简单句、并列句 (73)专题十二祈使句、感叹句 (81)专题一三宾语从句 (87)专题一四定语从句 (94)专题一五状语从句 (102)专题一名词1.名词的数1.概述：名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2.可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many,few, a few, some， any, plenty of， lots of, a number of 等修饰。
构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。
1）复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾—s或—es构成的。
具体规则如下图:a．单复同形的:Chinese—Chinese, Japanese-Japanese， deer—deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量）b。
熟记下列词的复数变化:man—men, woman—women, policeman-policemen， foot—feet,tooth-teeth， mouse—mice， child—childrenc. 以man， woman做定语构成的复合名词,变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student—two girl students3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。
如：water， meat, air等。
在表示数量时，通常用以下方法。
1）用some， much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等表示多少。
中考初中英语语法--代词
中考初中英语语法--代词一．人称代词（一）形式二．物主代词（一）形式（二）用法练一练一．写出代词形式二．用所给代词的适当形式填空1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )10. Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they )11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? ( she )13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )15. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )16. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )17. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )18. May I sit beside _________? ( you )19.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )20. They want a football . Give _______the green one, please. ( they )21.My skirt is better than_________. ( you)22.Mr. Smith is an old friend of_________ ( I).23. Mary, help _________to the bananas, please. ( you )24.They all enjoyed _________ at the party. ( they )25.Mr Wang teaches ______ maths and I teach ______computer.(I)参考答案：二．1.my;mine 2.hers; her 3.your;mine 4.He;His;his 5.Our;yours 6.hers 7.yours 8.them 9.Its ;its 10.their；they; theirs; Theirs 11. we; our 12.She;her 13.his; His 14.they;them;their 15.We;us 16.them 17.He;him 18.you 19.her 20.them 21.yours 22.mine 23.yourself 24. themselves25.me; myself一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1．阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
初中英语语法-代词讲解
初中英语语法代词代词：为了避免重复而用来代替其他词的词。
种类：1) 人称2) 物主3) 反身4) 指示5）不定6) 疑问7) 相互代词：each other, one another互相，其所有格加-’s8) 关系代词：which，who，that，whom，whose等引导定语从句9) 连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever10）替代词：one(单数), ones(复数）用于替代前面出现的同类事物。
但ones必须和形容词连用。
如果替代的名词时无形容词在前，则用some, any，而不用ones。
如：Have you bought any rulers?Yes，I 've bought some.一、人称代词2.3. 人称代词的排列顺序（单数231，复数123）当两个以上的人称代词一起作主语时，单数按二、三、一人称排列（即you, he / she, I）；复数按一、二、三人称排列（即we, you, they）。
但是如果做错了事需要承担责任时，要把说话人（I）放在第一位。
如：It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰惹她生气了。
二、物主代词1. 物主代词的形式3. 物主代词的特殊用法在双重所有格中只能用名词性物主代词。
如：我的一个朋友a friend of mine , 她的一个同学 a classmate of hers , each brother of his. 三、反身代词 1. 反身代词的形式2. 反身代词的句法功能3.由反身代词构成的习惯用语① help oneself to 随便吃…… ② come to oneself 苏醒过来，醒悟，恢复知觉 ③ dress oneself 自己穿衣服 ④ say to oneself 自言自语⑤ enjoy oneself 玩得开心 ⑥ lose oneself in 迷路于，全神贯注于…之中，消失于 ⑦ teach oneself 自学⑧ look after oneself ⑨by oneself 亲自learn ……by oneself 自学… leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 hurt oneself 伤了自己 make yourself/yourselves at home 不必拘束 四、指示代词1. that 用来代替前面提到的不可数名词，those 代替复数名词。
初中英语语法 什么是代词的指代一致性
初中英语语法什么是代词的指代一致性
代词的指代一致性是指代词在句子中与其所指代的名词在性、数和人称上保持一致的规则。
这是为了确保句子的语法正确和句意清晰。
以下是初中英语语法中关于代词指代一致性的一些重要规则：
1. 代词与名词在数上的一致性：
-单数代词代替单数名词：he, she, it, this, that, each, either, neither等。
-复数代词代替复数名词：they, we, you, these, those, both, few等。
2. 代词与名词在性别上的一致性：
-男性代词代替男性名词：he, him, his等。
-女性代词代替女性名词：she, her, hers等。
-中性代词代替中性名词：it, its等。
-不确定性别时，使用中性代词：they, them, their等。
3. 代词与名词在人称上的一致性：
-第一人称代词：I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours等。
-第二人称代词：you, your, yours等。
-第三人称代词：he, she, it, him, her, his, hers, its, they, them, their, theirs等。
4. 其他注意事项：
-当代词在句子中作为主语时，谓语动词要与其在人称和数上保持一致。
-当代词在句子中作为宾语时，它必须与先行词在性别、数和人称上保持一致。
-在长篇对话或文章中，要确保代词的指代清晰，避免引起混淆。
通过遵守代词的指代一致性规则，可以使句子结构更加准确，句意更加明确，帮助我们更好地理解和表达英语句子。
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初中英语语法专题之--专题二代词What: 什么是代词？简单来说代词是用来代替名词的词。
Give a girl the right shoes, and she can conquer the world.（玛丽莲·梦露）Why: 为什么有代词的存在？Maria loves Saturday. It is the day she gets her pocket money如果没有代词：Maria loves Saturday. Saturday is the day Maria gets Maria’s pocket money →为了使句子简洁，避免重复使用名词。
How : 有哪些代词？都如何应用？考点一人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一、人称代词数人称格单数复数一二三一二三2.人称代词的用法(1)人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。
如:She is a good student.(2)人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或充当表语。
如:I don't know her.(作宾语)His mother is waiting for him outside.(作宾语)-Who is there?-it's me!(作表语)3.人称代词的顺序几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是:单数形式(二、三、一)you,he/she and I例句：复数形式(一、二、三)we, you and they例句：二、物主代词1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，列表如下：His parents are both office workers.My name is Jack.3.名词性物主代词后面不需要加名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
如: My idea is quite different from hers.These are my books, not yours.4.名词性物主代词可与of连用,表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。
如:He is a friend of mine.(我的一个朋友)三、反身代词1.反身代词的单复数形式，表格如下：2. 反身代词的用法反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语)The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语)3. 反身代词的常用词组teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快;玩得高兴help oneself to 随便吃/用come to oneself 苏醒hurt oneself 受伤by oneself 独自考点二 不定代词、指示代词、和it 的用法一、不定代词1. 普通不定代词(1)some 与anysome 和any 均表示“一些”,既可指代或修饰可数名词,也可指代或修饰不可数名词;some 一般用于肯定句中,any 多用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中。
但在疑问句中,当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some 。
如:There aren't any students in the classroom.Look! Some boys are playing football.-Would you like some coffee?-Yes, please.写作应用：外出野餐1. 有的人在看书，有的人在听歌，有的人在聊天。
2. 我发现我的钱包里没有一分钱。
(2)many 与muchmany 修饰可数名词复数,还可以与表示程度的副词so,too,how 连用。
much 修饰不可数名词,也可以与表示程度的副词so,too,how 连用。
如:-how many/how much -想知道数量的时候How many bottles of water do you need?How many books did you buy?How many people are invited?How much money did you spend?How much sugar would you like?How much Time do you have?※思考：什么时候how much 可跟单数可数名词或复数可数名词？写在下面吧！▲在说话双方都明确知道表达的内容是什么的时候，名词可以省略A: I need some coins. - B: How many do you need?A: I need some sugar. - B: How much do you need?-too many/too much-﹖思考too在这里表达的深层含义是什么？There is too much food on my plate.Jack always gives too much bad advice, you shouldn't trust him!Tokyo is very crowded, there’s just too many people!-so many/ so much/I have never seen so much wealth in my life.She had so many problems that she didn’t know what to do.You have eaten so much meat.I have had so many visitors in the last few days.练手：用much或many填空We saw _____ animals at the zoo.How _____ oranges did you put in the box?There isn’t _____ sugar in my coffee.I don’t have ______ friends.The old man hasn’t got _____ hair on his head.I’ve packed _____ bottles of water.I didn’t get _____ sleep last night.How _____ fruit do you eat in an average day?(3)either与neither发音：Either/ˈaɪðər/–British English/ˈiːðər/–American EnglishNeither：/ˈnaɪðər/ – British English/ˈniːðər/ – American Englisheither指两个之中的一个, neither指两个人或物中一个也不。
Either X or YEither you or John has to finish the report before 5pm.You can have either the red shirt or the blue shirt. (= but not both)Either you leave the building now or I call the security guards.Neither X nor YNeither John nor Fred likes doing the dishes. (= “Both John and Fred don’t like doing the dishes”)I want neither the red shirt nor the blue shirt.I neither smoke nor drink.▲常构成固定结构either/ neither of+名词或代词的复数+谓语动either..or..., neither...nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
这就是传说中的就近原则。
如:Neither of the books is good.Neither you nor he is wrong.？思考，either什么时候可以单独使用(4)both与allboth表示“两者都”,常与and连用;all指“三者或三者以上都”,常与of连用。
Both 的句型：Both __ and ______ and ___ are both ____Both she and I are students.→Both plans are good.All辨析：All China, Japan, Korea are Asian countries. 这句话正确与否？Jim, Lucy and Lily all agree to stay here.这句话正确与否？(5)each与every(限定词)each和every都表示“每”。
each强调个体,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式; every强调整体情况,修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。
另外,each指两个或两个以上的人或事物,而every 指三个或三个以上的人或物。
如There are trees on each side of the road.强调道路的单侧(-each后接单数可数名词)Every student in Class 5 passed the exam.--every后接单数可数名词Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt.--each后接复数代词要加ofEach of the cats has a red collar. --each后接复数代词要加of theWe each wears a yellow T-shirt.※区分everyone 和every oneEvery one of you needs to arrive at 7 am tomorrow.Everyone of you needs to arrive at 7 am tomorrow.加餐：each and every 同时使用You are all special. Each and every one of you.I took each and every opportunity to meet new people while living in Singapore(6) 区别other 、 the other 、 others 、 the others 、another We have other styles if you are interested.He is taller than any other boy in his class.He is taller than any other boys in his class.Put it off to some other dayThe other:=the second one of the twoJohn has two sons. One is a doctor and the other is a teacher.Others:=other+可数名词复数=other peopleThese shoes are too small, do you have any others ?He has no interest in helping others .The others:Some people decided to go to the beach. The others stayed at home. (All the rest. The ones that didn’t go to the beach.)Another:=one more/ an extra/ an additional: you can stay another day.=a different/ an alternative:we have to go anothe r day. / we have to stay another three days in this city.The cake is tasty. I think I’ll have another .不定代词 意义用法 Other 另外的只做定语，常与复数名词连用；但如果前面有the, some, any,each ,every, my, your, his 等，则可与单数名词连用 The other 两者中的另一个常与one 连用，构成“one...the other...”;做定语修饰复数名词时，表示其余的全部 others 另一些相当于名词或代词。