LM4610音调控制芯片
LM4610-3D环绕音-响度音量音调控制板
LM4610-3D環繞音-響度音量音調控制板
LM4610是美國NS公司繼LM1036後推出的又一款HI-FI級前置，是LM1036的理想替代產品，它也是利用直流電壓來調節兩個聲道音量，高音，低音，平衡。
該IC還在LM1036的基礎上增加3D音場展寬調節，它還帶有一個等響度開關，用以補償在小音量時的人耳特性曲線。
LM4610主要特點：
（1）工作電壓：9～16V
（2）高音調節範圍：±16DB（16KHZ時）
（3）低音調節範圍：±15DB（40KHZ時）
（4）平衡調節範圍：1∽20DB
（5）音量調節範圍：75DB
（6）信噪比：80DB
（7）頻率回應：250KHZ
（8）總諧波失真：0.0003
電路原理：
LM4610的典型應用電路如下圖所示，LM4610的第19腳輸出5.4V的基準電壓，通過4個47K的電位器來調整各控制腳的電壓，使之在0→5.4V之間變化，從而來對音量，音調，平衡進行控制。
開關S1為3D音效開關，S2為等響度開關。
LM4610的音調控制與高音電容Ct，低音電容Cb有關。
當高音電容Ct=0.01uF，低音電容Cb=0.39uF時，在40HZ-60HZ，±15dB範圍內的提升量與衰減量。
改變高音電容Ct，低音電容Cb的取值，可以獲得不同的提升和衰減特性。
LM4610 3D音调调整IC
LM4610Dual DC Operated Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit with National 3-D SoundGeneral DescriptionThe LM4610is a DC controlled tone (bass/treble),volume and balance circuit for stereo applications in car radio,TV and audio systems.It also features National’s 3D-Sound Cir-cuitry which can be externally adjusted via a simple RC Net-work.An additional control input allows loudness compensa-tion to be simply effected.Four control inputs provide control of the bass,treble,bal-ance and volume functions through application of DC volt-ages from a remote control system or,alternatively,from four potentiometers which may be biased from a zener regulated supply provided on the circuit.Each tone response is defined by a single capacitor chosen to give the desired characteristic.Featuresn National 3-D Soundn Wide supply voltage range,9V to 16V n Large volume control range,75dB typical n Tone control,±15dB typicaln Channel separation,75dB typicalnLow distortion,0.06%typical for an input level of 0.3Vrmsn High signal to noise,80dB typical for an input level of 0.3Vrmsn Few external components requiredBlock and Connection DiagramDual-In-Line PackageDS101125-1Order Number LM4610N See NS Package Number N24AMay 1999LM4610Dual DC Operated Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit with National 3-D Sound©1999National Semiconductor Corporation Absolute Maximum Ratings(Note1)If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.Supply Voltage16V Control Pin Voltage(Pins6,9,11,14,16)V CC Operating Temperature Range0˚C to+70˚C Storage Temperature Range−65˚C to+150˚C Power Dissipation 1.5W Lead Temp.(Soldering,10seconds)260˚C Note1:“Absolute Maximum Ratings”indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur.Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional,but do not guarantee specific performance limits.Electrical CharacteristicsV CC=12V,T A=25˚C(unless otherwise stated)Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Supply Voltage Range Pin13916V Supply Current3545mA Zener Regulated Output Pin19Voltage 5.4V Current5mA Maximum Output Voltage Pins10,15;f=1kHzV CC=9V,Maximum Gain0.8VrmsV CC=12V0.8 1.0Vrms Maximum Input Voltage Pins2,23;f=1kHz,V CC=9V 1.3 1.1Vrms (Note2)Flat Gain Response,V CC=12V 1.6VrmsGain=−10dBInput Resistance Pins2,23;f=1kHz2030kΩOutput Resistance Pins10,15;f=1kHz20ΩMaximum Gain V(Pin14)=V(Pin19);f=1kHz−202dB Volume Control Range f=1kHz7075dB Gain Tracking f=1kHzChannel1–Channel20dB through−40dB13dB−40dB through−60dB2dB Balance Control Range Pins10,15;f=1kHz1dB−26−20dB Bass Control Range f=40Hz,C b=0.39µF(Note3)V(Pin10)=V(Pin19)121518dBV(Pin10)=0V−12−15−18dB Treble Control Range f=16kHz,C t,=0.01µF(Note3)V(Pin6)=V(Pin19)121518dBV(Pin6)=0V−12−15−18dB Total Harmonic Distortion f=1kHz,V IN=0.3VrmsGain=0dB0.060.3%Gain=−30dB0.03% Channel Separation f=1kHz,Maximum Gain6075dB Signal/Noise Ratio Unweighted100Hz–20kHz80dBMaximum Gain,0dB=0.3VrmsCCIR/ARM(Note4)Gain=0dB,V IN=0.3Vrms7579dBGain=−20dB,V IN=1.0Vrms72dB Output Noise Voltage at CCIR/ARM(Note4)10µV Minimum GainSupply Ripple Rejection200mVrms,1kHz Ripple35-50dB Control Input Currents Pins6,9,11,14,16(V=0V)−0.6−2.5µA Frequency Response−1dB(Flat Response250kHz20Hz–16kHz)2Electrical Characteristics(Continued)Note2:The maximum permissible input level is dependent on tone and volume settings.See Application Notes.Note3:The tone control range is defined by capacitors C b and C t.See Application Notes.Note4:Gaussian noise,measured over a period of50ms per channel,with a CCIR filter referenced to2kHz and an average-responding meter.Typical Performance CharacteristicsVolume ControlCharacteristicsDS101125-20Balance ControlCharacteristicDS101125-21Tone Control CharacteristicDS101125-22Tone Characteristic(Gainvs Frequency)DS101125-23Tone Characteristic(Gainvs Frequency)DS101125-24Loudness CompensatedVolume CharacteristicDS101125-25Input Signal Handling vsSupply VoltageDS101125-33THD vs GainDS101125-27Channel Separation vsFrequencyDS101125-283Typical Performance Characteristics(Continued)Application NotesTONE RESPONSEThe maximum boost and cut can be optimized for individualapplications by selection of the appropriate values of C t(treble)and C b(bass).The tone responses are defined by the relationships:Where a b=a t=0for maximum bass and treble boost respec-tively and a b=a t=1for maximum cut.For the values of C b and C t of0.39µF and0.01µF as shownin the Application Circuit,15dB of boost or cut is obtained at40Hz and16kHz.NATIONAL3D-SOUNDWhen stereo speakers need to be closer than optimum be-cause of equipment/cabinet limitations,an improved stereoeffect can be obtained using a modest amount of phase-re-versed interchannel cross-coupling.In the LM4610the inputstage tramsistor emitters are brought out to facillitate this.The arrangement is shown below in the basic form.With a monophonic source,the emitters have the same sig-nal and the resistor and capacitor connected between themhave no effect.With a stereo signal each transistor works inthe grounded base mode for stereo components,generatingan in-phase signal from the opposite channel.As the normalsignals are inverted at this point,the appropriatephase-reversed cross-coupling is achieved.An effectivelevel of coupling of60%can be obtained using4.7k in con-junction with the internal6.5k emitter resistors.At low fre-quencies,speakers become less directional and it becomesdesirable to reduce the enhancement effect.With a0.1µFcoupling capacitor,as shown,roll-off occurs below330Hz.The coupling components may be varied for alternative re-sponses.ZENER VOLTAGEA zener voltage(pin19=5.4V)is provided which may beused to bias the control potentiometers.Setting a DC level ofone half of the zener voltage on the control inputs,pins6,11,and16,results in the balanced gain and flat response condi-tion.Typical spread on the zener voltage is±100mV andthis must be taken into account if control signals are usedwhich are not referenced to the zener voltage.If this is thecase,then they will need to be derived with similar accuracy.LOUDNESS COMPENSATIONA simple loudness compensation may be effected by apply-ing a DC control voltage to pin9.This operates on the tonecontrol stages to produce an additional boost limited by themaximum boost defined by C b and C t.There is no loudnesscompensation when pin9is connected to pin19.Pin9canbe connected to pin14to give the loudness compensatedvolume characteristic as illustrated without the addition offurther external components.(Tone settings are for flat re-sponse,C b and C t as given in Application Circuit.)Modifica-tion to the loudness characteristic is possible by changingthe capacitors C b and C t for a different basic response or,bya resistor network between pins9and14for a differentthreshold and slope.SIGNAL HANDLINGThe volume control function of the LM4610is carried out intwo stages,controlled by the DC voltage on pin14,to im-prove signal handling capability and provide a reduction ofoutput noise level at reduced gain.The first stage is beforethe tone control processing and provides an initial15dB ofgain reduction,so ensuring that the tone sections are notoverdriven by large input levels when operating with a lowvolume setting.Any combination of tone and volume settings Loudness ControlCharacteristicDS101125-29Output Noise Voltagevs GainDS101125-30THD vs Input VoltageDS101125-31DS101125-344Application Notes(Continued)may be used provided the output level does not exceed 1Vrms,V CC =12V (0.7Vrms,V CC =9V).At reduced gain (<−6dB)the input stage will overload if the input level ex-ceeds 1.6Vrms,V CC =12V (1.1Vrms,V CC =9V).As there isvolume control on the input stages,the inputs may be oper-ated with a lower overload margin than would otherwise be acceptable,allowing a possible improvement in signal to noise ratio.Application CircuitApplications InformationOBTAINING MODIFIED RESPONSE CURVESThe LM4610is a dual DC controlled bass,treble,balance and volume integrated circuit ideal for stereo audio systems.In the various applications where the LM4610can be used,there may be requirements for responses different to those of the standard application circuit given in the data sheet.This application section details some of the simple variations possible on the standard responses,to assist the choice of optimum characteristics for particular applications.TONE CONTROLSSummarizing the relationship given in the data sheet,basi-cally for an increase in the treble control range C t must be in-creased,and for increased bass range C b must be reduced.Figure 1shows the typical tone response obtained in the standard application circuit.(C t =0.01µF,C b =0.39µF).Re-sponse curves are given for various amounts of boost and cut.Figure 2and Figure 3show the effect of changing the re-sponse defining capacitors C t and C b to 2Ct,C b /2and 4C t ,C b /4respectively,giving increased tone control ranges.The values of the bypass capacitors may become significant and affect the lower frequencies in the bass response curves.DS101125-355Applications Information(Continued)Figure 4shows the effect of changing C t and C b in the oppo-site direction to C t /2,2C b respectively giving reduced control ranges.The various results corresponding to the different C t and C b values may be mixed if it is required to give a particu-lar emphasis to,for example,the bass control.The particular case with C b /2,C t is illustrated in Figure 5.RESTRICTION OF TONE CONTROL ACTION AT HIGH OR LOW FREQUENCIESIt may be desired in some applications to level off the tone responses above or below certain frequencies for example to reduce high frequence noise.This may be achieved for the treble response by including a resistor in series with C t .The treble boost and cut will be 3dB less than the standard circuit when R =X C .A similar effect may be obtained for the bass response by re-ducing the value of the AC bypass capacitors on pins 7(channel 1)and 18(channel 2).The internal resistance at these pins is 1.3k Ωand the bass boost/cut will be approxi-mately 3dB less with XC at this value.An example of such modified response curves is shown in Figure 6.The input coupling capacitors may also modify the low frequency re-sponse.It will be seen from Figure 2and Figure 3that modifying C t and C b for greater control range also has the effect of flatten-ing the tone control extremes and this may be utilized,with or without additional modification as outlined above,for the most suitable tone control range and response shape.OTHER ADVANTAGES OF DC CONTROLSThe DC controls make the addition of other features easy to arrange.For example,the negative-going peaks of the out-put amplifiers may be detected below a certain level,andused to bias back the bass control from a high boost condi-tion,to prevent overloading the speaker with low frequency components.LOUDNESS CONTROLThe loudness control is achieved through control of the tone sections by the voltage applied to pin 9;therefore,the tone and loudness functions are not independent.There is nor-mally 1dB more bass than treble boost (40Hz–16kHz)with loudness control in the standard circuit.If a greater differ-ence is desired,it is necessary to introduce an offset by means of C t or C b or by changing the nominal control voltage ranges.Figure 7shows the typical loudness curves obtained in the standard application circuit at various volume levels (C b =0.39µF).DS101125-5FIGURE 2.Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency)DS101125-6FIGURE 3.Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency)DS101125-7FIGURE 4.Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency)DS101125-8FIGURE 5.Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency)DS101125-9FIGURE 6.Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency) 6Applications Information(Continued) Figure8and Figure9illustrate the loudness characteristicsobtained with C b changed to C b/2and C b/4respectively,C t being kept at the nominal0.01µF.These values naturallymodify the bass tone response as in Figure2and Figure3. With pins9(loudness)and14(volume)directly connected, loudness control starts at typically−8dB volume,with most of the control action complete by−30dB.Figure10and Figure11show the effect of resistively offset-ting the voltage applied to pin9towards the control refer-ence voltage(pin19).Because the control inputs are high impedance,this is easily done and high value resistors may be used for minimal additional loading.It is possible to re-duce the rate of onset of control to extend the active range to −50dB volume control and below.The control on pin9may also be divided down towards ground bringing the control action on earlier.This is illus-trated in Figure12,With a suitable level shifting network be-tween pins14and9,the onset of loudness control and its rate of change may be readily modified.When adjusted for maximum boost in the usual application circuit,the LM4610cannot give additional boost from the loudness control with reducing gain.If it is required,some additional boost can be obtained by restricting the tone con-trol range and modifying C t,C b,to compensate.A circuit il-lustrating this for the case of bass boost is shown in Figure 13.The resulting responses are given in Figure14showing the continuing loudness control action possible with bass boost previously applied.DS101125-10 FIGURE7.Loudness Compensated VolumeCharacteristicDS101125-11 FIGURE8.Loudness Compensated VolumeCharacteristicDS101125-12 FIGURE9.Loudness Compensated VolumeCharacteristicDS101125-13FIGURE10.Loudness Compensated VolumeCharacteristicDS101125-14FIGURE11.Loudness Compensated VolumeCharacteristicDS101125-15FIGURE12.Loudness Compensated VolumeCharacteristic 7Applications Information(Continued)USE OF THE LM4610ABOVE AUDIO FREQUENCIES The LM4610has a basic response typically 1dB down at 250kHz (tone controls flat)and therefore by scaling C b and C t ,it is possible to arrange for operation over a wide fre-quency range for possible use in wide band equalization ap-plications.As an example Figure 15shows the responses obtained centered on 10kHz with C b =0.039µF and C t =0.001µF.DS101125-36FIGURE 13.Modified Application Circuit for Additional Bass Boost with Loudness ControlDS101125-17FIGURE 14.Loudness Compensated VolumeCharacteristicDS101125-18FIGURE 15.Tone Characteristic (Gain vs Frequency) 8Applications Information(Continued)DC CONTROL OF NATIONAL3D-SOUND AND LOUDNESS CONTROLFigure Figure16shows a possible circuit if electronic control of these functions is required.The typical DC level at pins3 and22is7.5V(V CC=12),with the input signal superim-posed,and this can be used to gias a FET switch as shown to save components.For switching with a0V-5V signal a low-threshold FET is required when using a12V supply. With larger switching levels this is less critical.The high impedance PNP base input of the loudness control pin9is readily switched with a general purpose NPN transistor.DS101125-37FIGURE16.Application Circuit with Electronic Switching9Simplified Schematic Diagram(One Channel)D S 101125-38 10Physical Dimensionsinches (millimeters)unless otherwise notedLIFE SUPPORT POLICYNATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION.As used herein:1.Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which,(a)are intended for surgical implant into the body,or (b)support or sustain life,and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling,can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user.2.A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system,or to affect its safety or effectiveness.National Semiconductor Corporation AmericasTel:1-800-272-9959Fax:1-800-737-7018Email:support@National Semiconductor EuropeFax:+49(0)180-5308586Email:europe.support@Deutsch Tel:+49(0)180-5308585English Tel:+49(0)180-5327832Français Tel:+49(0)180-5329358Italiano Tel:+49(0)180-5341680National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel:65-2544466Fax:65-2504466Email:sea.support@National Semiconductor Japan Ltd.Tel:81-3-5639-7560Fax:81-3-5639-7507Molded Dual-In-Line Package (N)Order Number LM4610N NS Package Number N20ALM4610Dual DC Operated Tone/Volume/Balance Circuit with National 3-D SoundNational does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described,no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.。
高性能音调控制芯片LM4610简介、原理图及应用电路图
高性能音调控制芯片LM4610简介、原理图及应用电路图◆芯片简介LM4610是美国国半公司(NS)出品的直流音频前级控制电路。
具备直流电压控制音调/音量控制/双声道平衡调节/3D声场增强/等响度补偿等较完善的前级控制功能。
可应用在广播、电视和音响系统的均衡电路中。
◆特点及主要性能◇LM4610具有集成度高，外围元件少，电路简洁；功能完善，性能优异；低失真，高讯噪比等特点。
◇宽电源电压范围 9V到16V (推荐12V)◇音量调节范围大 75 dB(典型值)◇音调控制，± 15 dB(典型值)◇通道分离，75 dB(典型值)◇低失真，0.06％，(输入电平0.3 Vrms)◇高信噪比，80 dB(输入电平0.3 Vrms)◆引脚功能描述LM4610采用24脚双列直插式封装(DIP24)。
其引脚及主要功能如下图：2脚和23脚，信号输人端；3脚和22脚，3D声场处理控制端（两脚通过电容相连，起3D声场处理作用）；4脚和21脚，接高音提升电容（0.01μF）；6脚，高音控制输人端；8脚和17脚，接低音提升电容（0.39～0.47μF），改变高、低音的电容可改变高、低音的音调反应；10脚和15脚，信号输入端；11脚，平衡控制输入端；12脚和24脚，电源地；13脚，正电源端；14脚，音量控制输入端；16脚，低音控制输入端。
◆应用电路实例下图为LM4610芯片的应用电路实例。
具有高音调节、低音调节、音量调节、左右声道平衡度调节、等响度调节等功能。
◆制作要点◇输入信号用10kΩ左右的电阻进行适当的分压可以防止因信号过大产生的失真。
◇输出端串联的47Ω电阻R2、R3是防止负载电容过大引起的自激。
◇步线采用一点接地可以降低电源噪声对信号的影响。
电源输入及退藕并接0.1uF电容可以降低高频噪声。
LM4610音调前级控制板
LM4610音调前级控制板
LM4610是美国NS公司继LM1036后推出的又一款HI-FI级前置，是LM1036的理想替代产品，它也是利用直流电压来调节两个声道音量，高音，低音，平衡。
该IC还在LM1036的基础上增加3D声场展宽调节，它还带有一个等响度开关，用以补偿在小音量时的人耳特性曲线。
LM4610主要特点：
（1）工作电压：9～16V
（2）高音调节范围：±16DB（16KHZ时）
（3）低音调节范围：±15DB（40KHZ时）
（4）平衡调节范围：1∽20DB
（5）音量调节范围：75DB
（6）信噪比：80DB
（7）频率响应：250KHZ
（8）总谐波失真：0.0003
电路原理：
LM4610的典型应用电路如下图所示，LM4610的第19脚输出5.4V的基准电压，通过4个47K的电位器来调整各控制脚的电压，使之在0→5.4V之间变化，从而来对音量，音调，平衡进行控制。
开关S1为3D音效开关，S2为等响度开关。
LM4610的音调控制与高音电容Ct，低音电容Cb有关。
当高音电容Ct=0.01uF，低音电容Cb=0.39uF时，在40HZ-60HZ，±15dB 范围内的提升量与衰减量。
改变高音电容Ct，低音电容Cb的取值，可以获得不同的提升和衰减特性。
(责任编辑：admin)。
部分功放IC介绍
TDA7293、 TDA7294
TDA7293、TDA7294是欧洲著名的SGS-THOMSON意法微电子公司于90年代向中国大陆摧出的一款颇有新意的DMOS大功率的集成功放电路。它一扫以往线性集成功放和厚膜集成的生、冷、硬的音色，广泛应用于HI-FI领域：如家庭影院、有源音箱等。它将功放、模拟、逻辑电路集于一体的“混合电路”DMOS大功率功放，内部结构分为三级：差分输入级由双极型晶体管组成，推动级和功率输出级采用场效应管，内部线路设计以音色为重点，兼有双极型信号处理电路和功率MOS的优点，具有音色好、通带宽、功率大、耐压高、低噪声、低失真、保护功能完善等许多优点，具有静音等待功能，可实现外部控制。电路设计为直流伺服恒流功放形式，比电压反馈式接法更为耐听。因恒流功放已将扬声器包含在反馈网络里，故不要长时间空载。输出采用四线制，不允许有公共端。
TDA7293比TDA7294有更大的输出功率。
TDA7294的主要参数：Vs(电源电压)=±10~±40V;Io(输出电流峰值)为10安培；Po（RMSБайду номын сангаас续输出功率）在Vs=±35V、8Ω时为70W，Vs=±27V、4Ω时为70W；音乐功率（有效值）Vs=±38V、8Ω时为100W,Vs=±29V、4Ω时为100W。总谐波失真极低，仅为0.005％。
LM4766（惠威S30采用此IC）
LM4766是美国国半公司〔NS〕九五年底推出的双声道高保真功放,有两种封装形式,其中LM4766T为无绝缘封装,在额定电压下可得到40W X 2的平均功率输出, 具有NS公司专利SPIKE瞬时温度骤失保护电路, 过压、欠压、过载保护, 以及监视晶体管安全工作区域保护功能, 淡入、淡出静噪模式。LM4766TF为绝缘封装,在额定电压下可得到30WX2的平均功率,在8欧负载下其谐波失真加噪声小于0.06%,每声道都有独立的平滑的淡入淡出静噪功能以减小开关机时的电流冲击,具有较宽的电压范围,20V-78V(VEE+VCC),采用15脚TO-22O封装.最小限度的外围元件,并且具有完善的保护功能(SPIKE PROTECTION),可广泛用于各类高保真音响设备中.
功放芯片
• QS7779/QS7785
LM1875
• lm1875 是一款功率放大集成块！ 是美国国半公 司研发的一款功放集成块！ 它在使用中外围电路 少 而且有完善的过载保护功能！ 它为五针脚形状！ 一针脚为信号正极输入 二针脚为信号负极输入三 针脚接地 四针脚电源正极输入 五针脚为信号输出 LM1875制作功放电路如下LM1875采用TO-220封 装结构，形如一只中功率管，体积小巧，外围电 路简单，且输出功率较大。该集成电路内部设有 过载过热及感性负载反向电势安全工作保护。
TDA1521
TDA1514A
LM3886
• LM38863TF是美国NS公司（美国国家半导体公司）于90 年代初推出的一款大功率音频功放芯片。 该芯片的主要 参数：工作电压为±9V~±40V(推荐 ±25V~±35V )RL=8Ω时的连续输出功率达到68W（峰值 135 W）。如果接成BLT时的输出功率可以达到100W， 而它的失真小于0.03％，其内部设计有非常完善的过耗保 护电路。本人也在使用使芯片，它的音色非常甜美，音质 醇厚，颇有电子管的韵味，适合播放比较柔和的音乐。 NS公司还有LM1875、LM1876、LM4766等大家都熟悉的 芯片，其中LM4766是最新的，为双声道设计，内含过压、 欠压、过载、超温等保护电路。其输出功率不小于 2×40W.低音深沉而有弹性，颇具胆机的风格。
• TDA7294
LM4610N
• LM4610是美国国家半导体公司的高品质直流控制音响电路。 它是一块利用直流电压控制音调、音量和声道平衡的立体声集 成电路，并且具有3D音场处理、等响度补偿功能。该电路控制 平滑流畅，音质自然流畅，高频清晰、解析力佳，其产生的3D 环绕声场具有很强的三维空间感和包围感，主观感觉与SRS的 效果类似。 LM4610N的主要电气参数如下：具有3 D声场处理 功能和响度补偿功能。响度补偿是针对人耳在音量较小时对高 低频信号的灵敏度下降，因而在不同音量时对高、低频端作适 度的提升补偿，使人耳在任何响度下始终听到平坦、均衡的响 应。它的电压范围是：9V~16V(典型为12伏，电流为35毫安)； 失真度仅0.03％；信嘈比高达80dB；频宽达250 kHz,音量调节 为75dB;平衡调节为1~20dB；音调调节范围为±15dB；最大增 益2dB；LM4610N具有输入阻抗高（30Ω），输出电阻低（２ ０Ω）的优点。用LM6410N音调控制电路对提高音质和加强低 频力度及三维空间感作用突出。可以说LM4610N是组装功放系 统或替换调音部分的精品。
汽车电子常用芯片型号代换资料
汽车电子常用芯片型号代换资料汽车电子常用芯片型号代换资料汽车电子, 存储器标志印字芯片功能代换型号BOSCH3003930061 ADC0809B22AN 存储器 93C06B34AB 存储器 24C02B43AB 存储器 24C02B46AJ 存储器 24C02B49AJ 存储器 24C02B52AP 存储器 24C02B54AH 存储器 24C02B57120 存储器 27C64B57324 存储器 2732AB57347 存储器 27C64B57423 存储器 27C256B57449 74HC74B57477 存储器 27C64B57519 存储器 27C64B57581 74HC573B57604 存储器 27C256B57605 存储器 27256B57607 存储器 27C128B57610 存储器 27C128B57618 存储器 87C257B57618 存储器 87C64B57625 存储器 2764AB57654 存储器 27C256B57701 存储器 27C256B57733 4x位开关 TLE4211, TLE6220 B57764 存储器 87C257 B57764 存储器 87C64B57771 存储器 27C256B57922 存储器 87C257B57960 存储器 27C256B57995 存储器 TMS27C256B58014 存储器 27C256B58038 存储器 27C256B58094 存储器 27C510B58126 存储器 27C010B58127 存储器 27C512B58150 存储器 87C257B58157 存储器 27C512B58185 存储器 87C257B58196 存储器 NS93C46B58234 存储器 27C256B58235 存储器 87C257B58239 存储器 27C512B58240 6 x位开关 TLE4216G, TLE4226GB58241 4 x位开关 TLE4214G, TLE6225B58243 存储器 CJ87BC6QGB58244 I87M12B58258 存储器 24C02B58265 控制器 CAN控制器??B58275 存储器 27C1024B58286 控制器 SAB80C166B58293 存储器 27C512B58331 存储器 28F010B58380 存储器 24C02B58381 存储器 AM28F512B58399 存储器 AM29F010B58400 存储器 87C510B58424 存储器 27C512B58502 ABS,ASR系统IC TLE5200G, TLE6210G B58504 ABS,ASR系统IC TLE5201G, TLE6211G B58505 2 x位开关TLE5225G, TLE6215GB58517 存储器 28F020B58533 存储器 27C4096B58539 存储器 27C256B58541 存储器 27C512B58542 存储器 27C512B58543 存储器 27C512B58544 存储器 27C1001B58545 存储器 87C257B58546 存储器 87C510B58547 存储器 27C1001B58548 存储器 TMS27PC210 = 27C1024B58550 存储器 27C512B58590 AS87C196ENB58637 4 x位开关 TLE5226G, TLE6216GB58639 存储器 87PC110B58732 4 x位开关 TLE5216G, TLE6220B58755 存储器 AM29F200B58768 存储器 AM29F400ABB58791 存储器 AM29F200ABB58813 存储器 93C56B58911 存储器 TMS27C010AB58335 存储器 AT28C64BB58601 存储器 AM29F200BB9411 存储器 AM27C256DELCO08393 功放 TDA7372A96405 功放 TDA7376B9355092 存储器 24C049355093 存储器 24C0816124342 功放 TDA736016175974 RDS解调器SAA6579 16219796 功放TDA7454 100% , not TDA7384 16233541 存储器 M27C256BPIONEERPA2024A 电源 TA8244HPA3002 功放 HA1397PA3005 功放 HA1384PA3027A 功放 HA13150APA3029A 功放 HA13151PA3029B 功放 HA13151PAL001A 功放 TDA7394PAL002A 功放 TDA7394PAL003A 功放 TDA7384APAL005A 功放 TDA7385PAL006A 功放 TDA7560PAL007A 功放 TDA7560PAU001A 功放 HA13151VISTEON0022FBCAC 电源 TL751M100040FBCAC 电源 TL751M1077002 I2C存储器 24C167008FB 电源 78L0570001BB RDS解调器 TDA733070001SE RDS解调器 TDA733070001RR RDS解调器 TDA7330 ??70002FE 音频处理器 TDA731170003AB 功放 TDA200370003SC FREQ. SYNTH.70003SE RDS解调器 TDA733070005EB PLL立体声译码器 TDA159170005EH 音频处理器 TDA7340P70006SE 音频处理器 TDA734070008AB 功放 TDA736070009AB 功放 11 pins70010AB 功放 TDA735070010BB 双运放 TDA342070010FB 电源 TL751M1070011AB 功放 TDA7350with some modifications 70011SB 音频处理器 TDA152470014BB 控制放大器 LM83770016SE 音频处理器 TDA7460N70017AB 驱动放大 TDA723770017FB 电源 TA1483270019SB 音频处理器70023AB 功放 TDA739170024AB 功放 TDA737570024SB 杜比电路 TEA065570025SB AMS LA201070026SB FRONT END70027SB70028SB IF/DET70029SB 音频处理器 TDA730670032AB 前置放大 TDA1523 ??70033BB 控制放大器 LM83770034AB 功放 TDA1519B70039AB 功放 TDA8566Q70042FB 电源 L084, L495370043AB TEA0675 or TDA8586Q70045SB 杜比电路 TEA067570047SB 杜比电路 TEA0675T70052AB 功放 TDA8586Q70082FB 电源70530FB 电源70670FS 前置放大 TEA0676T71005DC LCD显示驱动 PCF857771005TB 多频调制 DS36277N7100130 PCF8576TN700700CFFB000 电源 PHIL, HSOP-20 F2DF-14A652-EA 电源TL751M10SONY159-00 功放 HA13151160-00 功放 HA13151180-00 功放 HA13152260-41 功放 HA13151260-77 功放 HA13150A279-82 功放 HA13151279-87 功放 HA13151279-89 功放 HA13152360-47 功放 HA13153365-41 功放 HA13155368-11 电子音量 LC75372E 369-41 功放 HA13155369-42 功放 HA13153426-49 功放 HA13155448-48 功放 HA13157448-61 功放 HA13156490-48 功放 HA13158PICKUPSOPTIMA-150S JVC OPTIMA-6S KSP-1H KENWOOD KSS-213F RAE0142Z MATSUSHITA RAE0144 1121 SONY KSS-210A KSS-168A SONY KSS-320BKSS-412A SONY KSS-401AKSS-401A SONY KSS-412AKSS-313A SONY KSS-313CKSS-240 SONY KSS-390KSS-314A SONY KSS-313A SOH-AAU SAMSUNG KSS-213KSS-540A SONY KSS-541AKSS-520A SONY KSS-521AMOTOROLAMC13304T3 功放 TA8215MC13306T3S 功放 TA8205MC13309T3 功放 TA8215MC13320T3 功放CHRYSLER 4632512 音频处理器TDA7314S 4651311 功放TDA1553Q4391943 74HC004392073 27C2564392075 74HC144517571 74HC3734517572 74HC74 ??4632511 TDA1591T4632858 TDA3601AQ4632990 M28F1024651350 L9222AOTHERSM851G OKI , 存储器 93C4616811G OKI , 存储器 93C4616911 OKI , 存储器 59C11 ADxxxx YAZAKI, 存储器 93C46 8-bit ABxxxx YAZAKI, 存储器 ER59C11标志印字芯片功能代换型号BOSCH3003930061 ADC0809B22AN 存储器 93C06B34AB 存储器 24C02B43AB 存储器 24C02B46AJ 存储器 24C02B49AJ 存储器 24C02B52AP 存储器 24C02B54AH 存储器 24C02B57120 存储器 27C64B57324 存储器 2732AB57347 存储器 27C64B57423 存储器 27C256B57449 74HC74B57477 存储器 27C64B57519 存储器 27C64B57581 74HC573B57604 存储器 27C256B57605 存储器 27256B57607 存储器 27C128B57610 存储器 27C128B57618 存储器 87C64B57625 存储器 2764AB57654 存储器 27C256B57696 存储器 27C256B57701 存储器 27C256B57733 4x位开关 TLE4211, TLE6220B57764 存储器 87C257B57764 存储器 87C64B57771 存储器 27C256B57808 存储器 27C256B57922 存储器 87C257B57960 存储器 27C256B57995 存储器 TMS27C256B58014 存储器 27C256B58038 存储器 27C256B58094 存储器 27C510B58126 存储器 27C010B58127 存储器 27C512B58150 存储器 87C257B58157 存储器 27C512B58185 存储器 87C257B58196 存储器 NS93C46B58234 存储器 27C256B58235 存储器 87C257B58239 存储器 27C512B58240 6 x位开关TLE4216G, TLE4226G B58241 4 x位开关TLE4214G, TLE6225 B58243 存储器 CJ87BC6QGB58244 I87M12B58258 存储器 24C02B58265 控制器 CAN控制器??B58275 存储器 27C1024B58286 控制器 SAB80C166B58293 存储器 27C512B58331 存储器 28F010B58380 存储器 24C02B58381 存储器 AM28F512B58399 存储器 AM29F010B58400 存储器 87C510B58424 存储器 27C512B58502 ABS,ASR系统IC TLE5200G, TLE6210G B58504 ABS,ASR系统IC TLE5201G, TLE6211G B58505 2 x位开关TLE5225G, TLE6215GB58517 存储器 28F020B58530 存储器 AM29F010B58533 存储器 27C4096B58539 存储器 27C256B58541 存储器 27C512B58542 存储器 27C512B58543 存储器 27C512B58544 存储器 27C1001B58545 存储器 87C257B58546 存储器 87C510B58547 存储器 27C1001B58548 存储器 TMS27PC210 = 27C1024B58550 存储器 27C512B58590 AS87C196ENB58637 4 x位开关 TLE5226G, TLE6216GB58639 存储器 87PC110B58732 4 x位开关 TLE5216G, TLE6220B58755 存储器 AM29F200B58768 存储器 AM29F400ABB58791 存储器 AM29F200ABB58813 存储器 93C56B58911 存储器 TMS27C010AB58335 存储器 AT28C64BB58601 存储器 AM29F200BB9411 存储器 AM27C256DELCO08393 功放 TDA7372A9355092 存储器 24C049355093 存储器 24C0816124342 功放 TDA736016175974 RDS解调器SAA6579 16219796 功放TDA7454 100% , not TDA7384 16233541 存储器 M27C256BPIONEERPA2024A 电源 TA8244HPA3002 功放 HA1397PA3005 功放 HA1384PA3027A 功放 HA13150APA3029A 功放 HA13151PA3029B 功放 HA13151PAL001A 功放 TDA7394PAL002A 功放 TDA7394PAL003A 功放 TDA7384APAL005A 功放 TDA7385PAL006A 功放 TDA7560PAL007A 功放 TDA7560PAU001A 功放 HA13151VISTEON0022FBCAC 电源 TL751M100040FBCAC 电源 TL751M1077002 I2C存储器 24C167008FB 电源 78L0570001BB RDS解调器 TDA733070001SE RDS解调器 TDA733070001RR RDS解调器 TDA7330 ??70002FE 音频处理器 TDA731170003AB 功放 TDA200370003SC FREQ. SYNTH.70003SE RDS解调器 TDA733070005EB PLL立体声译码器 TDA159170005EH 音频处理器 TDA7340P70006SE 音频处理器 TDA734070009AB 功放 11 pins70010AB 功放 TDA735070010BB 双运放 TDA342070010FB 电源 TL751M1070011AB 功放 TDA7350with some modifications 70011SB 音频处理器 TDA152470014BB 控制放大器 LM83770016SE 音频处理器 TDA7460N70017AB 驱动放大 TDA723770017FB 电源 TA1483270019SB 音频处理器70023AB 功放 TDA739170024AB 功放 TDA737570024SB 杜比电路 TEA065570025SB AMS LA201070026SB FRONT END70027SB70028SB IF/DET70029SB 音频处理器 TDA730670032AB 前置放大 TDA1523 ??70033BB 控制放大器 LM83770034AB 功放 TDA1519B70039AB 功放 TDA8566Q70042FB 电源 L084, L495370043AB TEA0675 or TDA8586Q70045SB 杜比电路 TEA067570047SB 杜比电路 TEA0675T70052AB 功放 TDA8586Q70082FB 电源70530FB 电源70670FS 前置放大 TEA0676T71005DC LCD显示驱动 PCF857771005TB 多频调制 DS36277N7100130 PCF8576TN700700CFFB000 电源 PHIL, HSOP-20F2DF-14A652-EA 电源 TL751M10SONY159-00 功放 HA13151160-00 功放 HA13151180-00 功放 HA13152260-41 功放 HA13151260-77 功放 HA13150A279-82 功放 HA13151279-87 功放 HA13151279-89 功放 HA13152360-47 功放 HA13153365-41 功放 HA13155368-11 电子音量 LC75372E 369-41 功放 HA13155369-42 功放 HA13153426-49 功放 HA13155448-48 功放 HA13157448-61 功放 HA13156490-48 功放 HA13158PICKUPSOPTIMA-150S JVC OPTIMA-6SKSP-1H KENWOOD KSS-213F RAE0142Z MATSUSHITA RAE0144 1121 SONY KSS-210AKSS-168A SONY KSS-320BKSS-412A SONY KSS-401AKSS-401A SONY KSS-412AKSS-313A SONY KSS-313CKSS-240 SONY KSS-390KSS-314A SONY KSS-313ASOH-AAU SAMSUNG KSS-213KSS-540A SONY KSS-541AKSS-520A SONY KSS-521AMOTOROLAMC13304T3 功放 TA8215MC13306T3S 功放 TA8205MC13309T3 功放 TA8215MC13320T3 功放CHRYSLER4632512 音频处理器 TDA7314S4651311 功放 TDA1553Q4391943 74HC004392073 27C2564392075 74HC144517571 74HC3734517572 74HC74 ??4632511 TDA1591T4632858 TDA3601AQ4632990 M28F1024651350 L9222AOTHERSM851G OKI , 存储器 93C4616811G OKI , 存储器 93C4616911 OKI , 存储器 59C11 ADxxxx YAZAKI, 存储器 93C46 8-bit ABxxxx YAZAKI, 存储器 ER59C11第1部分汽车音响常用集成电路1.1 收音系统电路1.1.1 AN7222 AM调谐，AM/FM中频放大电路1.1.2 AN7254 FM前端电路1.1.3 AN7463S 带消噪的FM立体声解码器 1.1.4 BA403 FM中频放大器1.1.5 BA1310 锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.6 BA1332/BA1332L 锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.7 BA1350 带噪声抑制的FM立体声解码器 1.1.8 BA1405/BA1405F FM立体声调制器1.1.9 CX20029 AM/FM立体声收音机电路 1.1.10 CXA1101P/CXA1101M 双通道杜比B型降噪电路1.1.11 CXA1102P/CXA1102M 双通道杜比B型降噪电路1.1.12 CXA1238M/CXA1238S AM/FM立体声收音电路1.1.13 HA11219 FM噪声抑制电路1.1.14 HA12134A 双通道杜比B型降噪电路 1.1.15 KA2244 FM 中频放大器1.1.16 KA2261 锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.17 KB4409 锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.18 KIA6010SN FM噪声抑制电路1.1.19 LA1130 AM调谐电路1.1.20 LA1132 AM调谐电路1.1.21 LA1135 AM调谐电路1.1.22 LA1140 FM中频放大器1.1.23 LA1175 FM调谐电路1.1.24 LA1862M FM立体声解码器1.1.25 LA2110 FM消噪电路1.1.26 LA3365 锁相环式FM立体声解码器 1.1.27 LA3370 锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.28 LA3375 锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.29 LA3430 带消噪功能的锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.30 LB3500 FM本振频率1/8分频器1.1.31 LC7218/LC7218M/LC7218JM 电子调谐PLL频率合成器1.1.32 LC7219/LC7219M/LC7219JM 电子调谐PLL频率合成器1.1.33 LC72131/LC72131M AM/FM PLL频率合成器1.1.34 LC72146/LC72146M/LC72146V 电子调谐PLL频率合成器1.1.35 LC72191/LC72191M/LC72191JM 立体声电子调谐PLL频率合成器1.1.36 LC72722/LC72722M/LC72722PM 单片RDS信号处理系统1.1.37 LM7001/LM7001M 电子调谐辅助微处理器1.1.38 TA7343AP/TA7343AF 锁相环式FM立体声解码器1.1.39 TA7358P/AP FM调谐电路1.1.40 TA7640AP AM调谐，AM/FM中频放大器 1.1.41 TA8122N/TA8122F 3V AM/FM调谐电路1.1.42 TA8127N/TA8127F 3V AM/FM调谐电路1.1.43 TA8132N/TA8132F AM/FM中放及立体声解码器1.1.44 TA8164P 3V AM/FM收音机电路1.1.45 TC9246F/TC9246P 数字音响锁相环电路1.1.46 TD7104P/TD7104F 数字合成调谐器用ECL预引比例器1.1.47 TDA1579/TDA1579T 交通告警无线传输解码器1.1.48 TEA0652 杜比B/C型降噪电路1.1.49 TEA5560 FM中频放大器1.1.50 μPB553AC 150M Hz低功耗分频电路1.1.51 μPC1167C2 FM中频放大器1.1.52 μPC1171C AM调谐电路1.1.53 μPC1191V AM调谐电路1.1.54 μPC1200V FM中频放大器1.1.55 μPC1215V AM电子调谐电路1.2 磁带放音系统电路1.2.1 AN6263N 磁带暂停检测电路1.2.2 BA338/BA338L 自动选曲电路1.2.3 BA3430S/BA3430F/BA3430FS 带静噪检测的立体声前置放大器1.2.4 BA6219B/BA6219BFP Y 双向电机驱动器1.2.5 BA6285FP/BA6285FS 双向电机驱动器 1.2.6 CXA2509AQ 带选曲功能的均衡放大器 1.2.7 D7784P 双声道磁头选择开关、自动翻转及放大器1.2.8 LA2000/LA2000S 单曲自动选曲电路1.2.9 LB1641 双向电机驱动器1.2.10 LB1649 双桥式电机驱动器1.2.11 LB1836M 桥式电机驱动器1.2.12 MM1322XFBE 电机驱动控制电路1.2.13 TA7291P/TA7291S/TA7291F 电机驱动控制电路1.2.14 μPC1470H 电机速度控制器1.3 音频处理电路1.3.1 AN214 4.4W音频功率放大器1.3.2 AN7168 5.8W×2双通道音频功率放大器1.3.3 AN7178 5.7W×2双通道音频功率放大器1.3.4 AN7310N 立体声双通道音频前置放大器1.3.5 AN7311 立体声双通道音频前置放大器1.3.6 BA328双通道音频前置放大器1.3.7 BA5406 5W×2音频功率放大器1.3.8 CXA1646Q 电子音量控制电路1.3.9 CXA1946AQ 电子音量控制电路1.3.10 HA13001 5.5W×2(BTL 17.5W)音频功率放大器1.3.11 HA13119 5.5W×2音频功率放大器1.3.12 HA13150A 21W×4 BTL音频功率放大器1.3.13 HA13151/HA13151A 14W×4 BTL音频功率放大器1.3.14 HA 13153 15W×4 BTL音频功率放大器 1.3.15 HA 13155 33W×4 B TL音频功率放大器1.3.16 LA2900M 双通道高电平线路放大器1.3.17 LA3160 双通道音频前置放大器1.3.18 LA4440 6W×2(BTL 19W)音频功率放大器1.3.19 LA4445 5.5W×2音频功率放大器1.3.20 LA4743B 45W×4(BTL 19W)音频功率放大器1.3.21 LA47501 50W×4(BTL 19W)音频功率放大器1.3.22 LC7538NM 电子音色控制电路1.3.23 LC75373ED 电子音量控制电路1.3.24 LC75383ED 电子音量控制电路1.3.25 M51522AL 双通道音频前置放大器1.3.26 TA7227P 5.5W×2音频功率放大器 1.3.28 TA7240P/TA7240AP 5.8W×2音频功率放大器1.3.29 TA7270P 5.8W×2音频功率放大器 1.3.30 TA7325P 双通道音频前置放大器。
基于蓝牙和lm4610均衡的ab类音频功放
• 5•本文根据目前市场需求设计出一款可调音，低失真低噪声的蓝牙功放。
文中设计的功放输入音频信号支持AUX有线与蓝牙无线输入自动切换方式，输入的左右声道音频信号经过LM4610前级放大，调音，再经过中间级NE5532电压放大，最后利用TDA7294后级功率放大，功放具有喇叭防冲击防直流输出功能。
在最终测试中，最大输出功率达到双70W，总谐波失真（THD）在0.1%以下，信噪比（S/N）达到80dB。
试听后，声音还原真实，音色优美。
在目前的音响产品中，国外的有哈曼、森海塞尔、Y AMAHA，索尼等知名品牌。
这些品牌的Hi-Fi音响，与国内品牌相比，具有噪声低，音质好的优点。
产品的信噪比大都在80dB以上，输出功率在40W-100W之间。
但是市场价格比较昂贵。
而国内音箱技术起步晚，市场需求大。
该文基于蓝牙模块和LM4610均衡IC设计一款AB类音频功放，该电路能够快速地连接蓝牙设备，实现10米内无线控制与传输，且具备音调/音量控制/双声道平衡调节/3D声场增强/等响度补偿等功能，功能强大，市场前景广阔。
1 功放芯片与信源模块介绍1.1 音频前级控制芯片LM4610LM4610是美国国半公司(NS)出品的直流音频前级控制芯片，具备直流电压控制音调/音量控制/双声道平衡调节/3D声场增强/等响度补偿等较完善的前级控制功能。
LM4610的主要参数如下：工作电压为9～16V，静态电流为35mA；音量调节范围为75dB；平衡调节范围为1～20dB；低音调节（40Hz时）为±15dB，高音调节（16kHz）为±15dB；总谐波失真仅0.01%；由上述参数可知，由它构成的首级放大器性能已达到相当高的水准。
1.2 后级AB类功放芯片TDA7294TDA7294是意法微电子推出的AB类单片式音频功放集成电路，TDA7294主要参数如下：宽电源电压范围±10V～±40V,高输出功率可达70W（最高可100W），具有待机和静音功能，配备无噪ON/OFF开关，放大低噪声和低失真，芯片自带短路保护和过热保护。
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高性能音调控制芯片LM4610简介、原理图及应用电路图
◆芯片简介
LM4610是美国国半公司(NS)出品的直流音频前级控制电路。
具备直流电压控制音调/音量控制/双声道平衡调节/3D声场增强/等响度补偿等较完善的前级控制功能。
可应用在广播、电视和音响系统的均衡电路中。
◆特点及主要性能
◇LM4610具有集成度高，外围元件少，电路简洁；功能完善，性能优异；低失真，高讯噪比等特点。
◇宽电源电压范围 9V到16V (推荐12V)
◇音量调节范围大 75 dB(典型值)
◇音调控制，± 15 dB(典型值)
◇通道分离，75 dB(典型值)
◇低失真，0.06％，(输入电平0.3 Vrms)
◇高信噪比，80 dB(输入电平0.3 Vrms)
◆引脚功能描述
LM4610采用24脚双列直插式封装(DIP24)。
其引脚及主要功能如下图：2脚和23脚，信号输人端；3脚和22脚，3D声场处理控制端（两脚通过电容相连，起3D声场处理作用）；4脚和21脚，接高音提升电容（0.01μF）；6脚，高音控制输人端；8脚和17脚，接低音提升电容（0.39～0.47μF），改变高、低音的电容可改变高、低音的音调反应；10脚和15脚，信号输入端；11脚，平衡控制输入端；12脚和24脚，电源地；13脚，正电源端；14脚，音量控制输入端；16脚，低音控制输入端。
◆应用电路实例
下图为LM4610芯片的应用电路实例。
具有高音调节、低音调节、音量调节、左右声道平衡度调节、等响度调节等功能。
◆制作要点
◇输入信号用10kΩ左右的电阻进行适当的分压可以防止因信号过大产生的失真。
◇输出端串联的47Ω电阻R2、R3是防止负载电容过大引起的自激。
◇步线采用一点接地可以降低电源噪声对信号的影响。
电源输入及退藕并接0.1uF电容可以降低高频噪声。