汉译英的句式
汉译英常见句型和短语
汉译英常用句型和短语1.It is said / reported / predicated (断定)/ believed / asserted（宣称）/ supposed / well-known / generally considered…that… 据…It must be admitted / pointed out… that…预计中国打算在近期购买私车的人数将达到三百万。
It is predicted that the car purchasers in China will amount to 3 million in the near future.到2008年第四季度，国民经济年均增长率预计将达到10%。
The annual average growth rate of national economy is estimated to reach 10% by the last quarter of 2008.必须指出，这样的错误不能再犯。
It must be pointed out that mistakes of this kind should not be repeated.看来这两个科学分支是相互依存，相互作用的It seems that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting.已经证明，感应电压使电流的方向与产生电流的磁场力方向相反。
It has been proved that induced voltage causes a currentto flow in opposition to the force producing it.直到十九世纪人们才认识到热是能量的一种形式。
It was not until the 19th century that heat was considered as a form of energy.2.It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy,expensive, desirable, advisable, convenient, comfortable) for sb. to do sth.人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人民日益增长的需求。
汉译英核心句型
汉译英核心句型1）It is＋形容词＋that例如：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演着一个重要的角色。
2）It is＋形容词＋to do/ doing例如：She had said what it was necessary to say.她已经说了一切有必要说的话。
3）祈使句／名词＋and/ or例如：Work hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination.努力工作，你就能实现自己的目标。
4）as＋many/ much＋名词＋as例如：It is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in Lon-don.据说，游客每天在利兹的花销仅为在伦敦的一半。
5）倍数词＋as＋形容词＋as例如：The reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago.这个水库的面积是十年前三倍。
6) 倍数词+ more +名词／形容词十than例如：Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.吸烟对人体健康的危害极大，每年死于吸烟的人比死于车祸的人多七倍。
7）（not）as/ so... as（和……（不）一样）例如：The environmental problems are not as serious as they suggested in their report.环境问题没有他们在报告中说得那么严重。
汉译英十大经典句型
一 A + a 结构这种结构通常是指一个大句子后面带有一个小结构，翻译方法通常可以将前者翻译成中心句，后面翻译成同位语，介词短语或是分词和定语从句。
例1：现在我们有16个系，下设39个专业。
There are 16 departm ents with 39 special ties in our school.（后面翻译成wi th的介词结构，这种形式是最常见的方法。
）例2：北京有10个区9个县，总面积1万6千800平方公里。
There are 10 distric ts and 9countie s in Beijing with an area of16 thousan d 8 hundred squarekilomet ers. （方法和上句一样。
）例3：中国在2000年悉尼奥运会上，获得28枚金牌，在奖牌榜上名列第三。
China won 28 gold medalsat the 2000 SydneyOlympic Game, ranking the 3rd on the medal tally. （这句是将后面的句子翻译成分词结构。
）例4：在过去的一年里，中国贯彻扩大内需的方针，经济得到稳步发展。
Last year, China impleme nted the policyof enlargi ng domesti c demands, which led to steadyeconomi c develop ment. （这种方法就是把后面一部分翻译成非限定性定语从句，当然我们也可以用并列结构，但是在口译考试中我们对主张用主次结构。
）二 A + a1 + a2 结构这种结构通常是指在主句后面同时出现了两个小句子，翻译的方法通常是将后两者同时变化成定语从句或是同位语的结构，还可以把其中两个变成介词或是同位语结构，这种结构十分常见。
翻译常用句型
翻译常用句型在翻译工作中，使用正确的句型能够帮助我们准确地表达意思，传达原文的含义。
下面是一些常用的翻译句型，帮助我们进行翻译工作。
1. 直译法（Word-for-Word Translation）这种翻译句型是将原文中的每个单词都逐字逐句地翻译成目标语言。
这种句型适用于一些固定搭配的翻译，例如"Thank you"可以直译成"谢谢你"。
2. 归化法（Domestication）归化法是指将原文的表达方式转换为目标语言的习惯表达方式，使得翻译更加易懂和自然。
例如，将英文中的"honeymoon"翻译为"蜜月"，就是一种归化的翻译方法。
3. 逆译法（Back Translation）逆译法是指将目标语言翻译回原文所用的方法。
这种方法可以帮助翻译人员检查翻译的准确性和语法的合理性。
例如，将中文的"我爱你"逆译为英文可以得到"I love you"。
4. 释义法（Paraphrasing）在翻译过程中，有时候会遇到一些特定的词汇或短语，对于这些词汇或短语，可以通过释义的方式来翻译。
例如，将英文中的"apple of one's eye"翻译为"掌上明珠"，就是通过释义法进行翻译。
5. 文化调整法（Cultural Adjustment）在进行跨文化翻译时，有时候需要对原文进行文化上的调整，使得翻译更符合目标语言的文化习惯和价值观。
例如，将英文的"black cat"翻译为中文时，可以添加"瑞"或"吉"这样的字眼，因为在中国文化中，黑猫往往象征着好运。
6. 意译法（Free Translation）意译法是指在翻译过程中，将原文的意思进行合理转换，以使得翻译更符合目标语言的语法和表达习惯。
基本句型汉译英练习
基本句型汉译英练习主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
名词\代词\数词\动名词\不定式\主语从句The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词）To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
动词、系动词We study English. He is asleep.表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
名词\代词\数词\形容词\副词、介词短语、不定式、表语从句 He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）Five and five is ten. （数词）He is asleep. （形容词）His father is in. （副词） The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）...It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.The door remains open. Now I feel tired.宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）How many do you need? We need two. （数词）We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said?（宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
汉译英常见句型
汉译英常用结构和句型一、主语（一）主语的确定：汉语中长主语，短谓语的句子翻译，即戏称“头大身子小”的句型。
【“尾重”原则（end weight）】1.我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上，进一步加强同亚洲各国的经济合作和贸易交流。
The Chinese government stands ready to further strengthen economic cooperation and trade ties with other Asia nations on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, mutual openness, long-term cooperation and common development.2.未来老百姓的生活会更好。
× The life of the people in the future will be better.√ The people will lead/ live a better life in the future.3.中国加入世贸组织后，外商参与中国西部开发的机会将越来越多。
× The opportunities for foreign businesses to participate in China’s development of thewestern region will increase.√ Foreign businesses will have more and more opportunities to participate in China’sdevelopment of the western region.4.浙江大学建校100年来，办学取得了巨大成功。
×Zhejiang University has been established for more than 100 years, and made great achievements / made a huge success in its school running.√ Zhejiang University has made great achievements/ made a huge success in its school running since its establishment 100 years ago.5.该产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。
汉译英重要句型
汉译英重要句型1.状语从句1) 如果你坚持不听我的话，我就是要惩罚你。
If you persist in ignoring what I (have) said,I will punish you.2) 如果你不努力学习，你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜。
If you do not study hard／work hard at your studied，you will stand no chance of winning / it will not be possible／it will be impossible for you to win in the contest．3) 如果他被迫去做他不乐意做的事，他不可能高兴。
If he is compelled to do what he does not enjoy doing, he cannot be happy.4) 不论他怎么说，我也不相信他。
Whatever he says, I won't believe him.5) 有些星辰的密度(density)达到某一点就会爆炸。
Some stars explode when their density increases to a certain point.6) 直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关I didn’t realize that language was closely related to culture until (quite) recently that language and culture were so closely related to each other.Not until (quite) recently did I realize that language was closely related to culture.7) 我工作了一整天，所以你来看我时，我很疲倦。
汉译英常用语法句型
汉译英常用句型一 A + a 结构这种结构通常是指一个大句子后面带有一个小结构，翻译方法通常可以将前者翻译成中心句，后面翻译成同位语，介词短语或是分词和定语从句。
例1：现在我们有16个系，下设39个专业。
There are 16 departments with 39 specialties in our school. （后面翻译成with 的介词结构，这种形式是最常见的方法。
）例2：北京有10个区9个县，总面积1万6千800平方公里。
There are 10 districts and 9 counties in Beijing with an area of 16，800 square kilometers. （方法和上句一样。
）例3：中国在2000年悉尼奥运会上，获得28枚金牌，在奖牌榜上名列第三。
China won 28 gold medals at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Game, ranking 3rd on the medal list. （这句是将后面的句子翻译成分词结构。
）例4：在过去的一年里，中国贯彻扩大内需的方针，经济得到稳步发展。
Last year, China implemented the policy of enlarging domestic demands, which led to steady economic development. （这种方法就是把后面一部分翻译成非限定性定语从句，当然我们也可以用并列结构，但是在口译考试中我们对主张用主次结构。
）二 A + a1 + a2 结构这种结构通常是指在主句后面同时出现了两个小句子，翻译的方法通常是将后两者同时变化成定语从句或是同位语的结构，还可以把其中两个变成介词或是同位语结构，这种结构十分常见。
例1：在过去的1年里，中国贯彻扩大内需的方针，经济得到稳步发展，人民生活水平得到显著提高。
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汉译英的句式
一．复合句
1.宾语从句注意（时态一致，陈述语序）
Eg:
The teacher asked what the weather was like .
The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.
2.时间状语从句
After before untill not....untill as soon as
注意时态（主将从现主过从过）
When while（while 后面的动词必须是进行时态）3.if的条件状语从句注意（主将从现）
Eg:
If it rains tomorrow, we won't go on a trip.
4.让步状语从句although though
no matter how (who where when what Which)
=however /wherever / whenever/whatever /whichever
5. 原因状语从句because (now that)
6.定语从句
人（who that ）物which
7.目的状语从句
so that +句子
In order to do
8.结果状语从句
so + adj/ adv that
Such +n. That
Eg：It's so easy that I can do it.
She is such a good girl that everyone likes her.
9.现在完成时+ since + 一般过去时
10.There be 句型
注意：
将有There is/ are going to be= There will be
需要有There need to be
....有问题了There is something with ...
....没有问题There is nothing wrong with ...
11. 并列句and but so
二．简单句：
1.各种时态：5个（一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时）
2.被动语态
3.形容词的句式
1) It is +adj (for sb) to do
2) I find it + adj to do
3) too 30...... To
4) as......as
5) 越来越。
bigger and bigger
more and more beautiful
less healthy
less and less nervous
6) The +比较级，the + 比较级
Eg.
The more you read, the happier you will be/ are.
The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be/ are.
The more carefully you write, the fewer mistakes you will make.
7) One of + 形容词的最高级+ 名词的复数
One of the greatest wonders
the second largest lake
8) A is +比较级than B.
He is taller than Tony.
Dalian is more beautiful than Shenyang.
Shenyang is less beautiful than Dalian.
9) 系动词+adj. Look/smell/taste/sound/feel+adj. Look happy
sound beautiful
4. It seems that....
5. 感叹句
What +（冠）+形+名What a nice girl she is !
What nice girls they are!
What bad weather/ news it is! How + 形/ 副
How nice the girl is!
How carefully the girl writes!
6.make + adj/ do
7.make him famous in China
make us work hard
7.ask/ tell (sb)/ decide/persuade ... (not) to do
8.是.... 样子
What .....be like
What is your friend like?
Could you tell me what your friend is like.
看起来。
样子
Look like
What does your teacher look like?
Can you tell me what your teacher looks like.
8.其他
Not .....at all
As far as I know / remember, .....
Talking of.....
Don't give up...
Because of/ Thanks to
In my opinion,....
Not only ....but also
What/how about doing
It's a good idea to do...
You'd better do...
Why not/ why don't you do... Let's do...
You can/should do....。