新编剑桥商务英语高级重点词汇
剑桥商务英语词汇大全
剑桥商务英语词汇大全.Unit 1 the 3 sectors of economy经济的三个部分Infrastructure 基础结构Lean produce 精益生产Warehouse 仓库Industrial units 工业区Residential building 住宅区Agricultural land 农耕区Housing estate地产Managing director 董事总经理，总裁Wholesale outlet 批发商店Retail outlet 零售店Calculation of price 价格计算Added value 增值Smelt 熔炼，提炼Mill 磨Weld 焊接Ex works 出厂价Up stream 上游Down stream 下游Total picture 全局Maintenance 保养，维修Bauxite 铝土矿Coil 线圈Cement 水泥Labor cost 劳力成本Semi-finished 半成品Finished product 成品Department of health 卫生部Primary sector 第一产业Secondary sector 第二产业Tertiary sector 第三产业Raw material 原材料Administration 管理Law 司法Computing 计算机操作Personnel 人事Distribute 分配，配送Health care 医疗卫生Logistics 物流Assemble 装配Disassemble 拆卸Assembling line 生产线Iron ore 铁矿石Division of labor 劳动分工Heavy industry 重工业Light industry 轻工业Marketing 市场营销Chain of command 指挥系统，行政管理系统Core technology 核心技术Know-how 技术诀窍Labor-intensive 劳动密集型Technology-intensive 技术密集型Capital-intensive 资本密集型Hinterland 内地，腹地Initial outlay 初期投资Garments 服装Unit 2 management 管理Manager’s job= planning+ organizing+ leading+ con trolling Allocate resources 分配资源Pay and promotion 薪酬和晋升Modify 修正Line manager 一线经理Immediate line manager 直接下属的一线经理Top manager 高层经理Top management 高层管理Middle management 中层管理Supplier 供应商Public authorities 政府部门Be advised 听取意见Distributor 分销商Swiss franc 瑞士法郎Appreciate 升值Depreciate 贬值Component of economy 经济部门Good will resource 商誉Human resource 人力资源Natural resource 自然资源Market share 市场份额Monopoly in/ of/ on 垄断，专利品Management skills 管理技能Management tactics 管理技巧Decision-making 决策Board of directors 董事会Chairman of the board 董事长High-performance car 高性能汽车Tangible/ physical resources 有形资源Capital resources 资本资源Superior 上级Subordinate 下属Senior manager 资深经理Junior manager 初级经理Corporate culture 公司文化Check and balance 制衡Hardware 五金，硬件Monopoly/ lock 垄断Interchangement 互换Solution provider 方案提供商Chain store 连锁店Work experience 工作经历Working hour 工作时间Price v. 定价；比价Chief operation office 首席运营官Operation management 作业管理Financial management 财务管理HR management 人力资源管理Marketing management 销售管理Logistics management 物流管理OTC= over the counter 成药Arts 文科Science 理科Engineering 工科Simulate 仿造，模仿High-end product 高端产品Rock bottom price 最低价Frills 虚饰Target market 目标市场Empowerment 赋权Ad hoc 特别，专门Task force 特遣部队，特别行动组Cash and assets 现金和资产Buffer= cushion 起缓冲作用的人或物Leeway 余地，余裕Product 产品Productivity 生产率Produce 生产；特产local produce 地方特产Delegation 代表团Corporate statement = mission statement 公司主旨Aim/ vision 愿景Corporate image 公司形象For here 堂食To go 带走Focus group 焦点小组Innovation 创新，革新Manageable 可管理的，可处理的Set objective 设置目标Safety net 安全网Dismiss 解职，开除Expertise 专门技术Merchandise 商品，货物Verify 检验，核实IBM= International Business MachinesThe retail sector 零售业Predescribed quantities 预先定好的数量Layout 布局Sales staff 销售人员Working environment 工作环境Day-to-day logistics 日常物流，后勤Day-to-day running of the store 商店的日常运营Strategic management 战略管理Formulating strategy 制定战略Delegation 授权Parameter 参数High street= main street 大众的（商品）Replenish→replenishment （货物的）补充Members of staff 公司职员Voice your consent 抱怨Inventory = stock 库存Policy 保单（a contract of insurance）Philosophy 理念Regular meeting 例会，常规会议Accountability 问责性Unit 3 company structure 公司结构Recruitment 雇佣，招募Remuneration 报酬Department of legal affairs 法务部Purchase 采购部IT 信息技术部R&D 研发部Tooling 加工部Immediate boss 直接上司Immediate subordinate 直接下属Autonomous 自制的Decentralization 分散化，权力下放，分权Function 功能Hierarchy 等级Line authority 直线职权Report to 向……负责Subordinates 下属Matrix 矩阵Assistant manager 助理经理Manager assistant 经理助理Functional structure 机能结构= production+ finance+ marketing市场营销+ sales+ personnel/ HRLead time 订货交付时间Reorganization 改组Operating division 运营段，运营分部Overlap 重叠Commercial division 商业银行Private banking 私人理财International division 国际银行Investment division 投资银行Inherent problem 固有的问题Product manager 产品经理Market segment 市场细分Autonomy 自治权Priority 优先权Dimensional 四维基质的Sales force 销售队伍Commission 提成Optional features 可选功能，可选装置Cash balance 现金平衡Credit facility 信用工具Profit margin 利益空间Research and development spending 研发投入Self-financing 使用自有资金，自筹资金Organization chart 组织结构图Market research 市场调研（部）Teller 出纳Advertising and promotion 广告与促销Publicity 宣传Industrial belt 工业带Corporate ethos 公司风气Collaboration 协作Insulated = isolated 隔绝的Fragmentation 分裂Subsidiary 分公司Openness 开放性Downsizing 裁员Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Chief financial officer 财务总监Unit 4 work and motivation工作和动机Induce 劝诱，促使Incentive 动力，刺激Labor relations 劳资关系Labor union 工会Benefit 福利，津贴Perk 津贴，补贴Supplement 额外费用Bureaucracy 官僚主义Job safety 工作安全性Job security 工作稳定性Sales promotion 促销Remuneration 薪水Psychological well-being 心理满足Administration 行政管理Working condition 工作条件Paid holiday 带薪假日Sick pay 病假工资Pension 养老金Psychology of work 工作心理学Recognition 认可，承认Checkout till 结账柜台的现金出纳机Checkout 结账柜台Till 现金出纳机Cash till 收银台Cash register 收银处Product line 生产线Product line-up 产品系列User-friendly 易于使用的Go round 分配Creature comfort 物质享受Interface 界面程序Annual bonus 年度奖金Corporate culture 公司文化= values价值观+ beliefs信条+ norms标准Dead-end job 没前途的工作Stock order = replenishment 货物补充Hygiene 卫生Play pool 打台球Health screening program 健康检查Sales floor 店面Trade floor 交易所Bus depot 汽车总站Profit-sharing programme 收益分享Career training 职业培训Working week 工作周Pre-school age children 学前儿童Premise 工作场所Subsidize 补贴Tinned food 罐装食物Piecework system 计件系统Pay scheme 薪酬计划Unit 5 management and cultural diversity 管理与文化多样性Localization 本地化Globalization 全球化Pay-for-performance 绩效工资Collectivist 集体主义的Sales rep 商品经销代理Universalist 普爱论者Particularist 排他主义者Glocalization 全球地方化Multinational 跨国公司Unit 6 recruitment 招聘Applicant 申请人Application 申请Application form 申请表Candidate 候选人Curriculum vitae = resume 简历Employment agency 职介机构Job description 职责描述Job vacancy 职务空缺Reference 推荐信Short-list 列入最后候选名单Covering letter= cover letter 附函Give notice 预先通知（辞退）A form of headhunters 猎头公司Follow up 跟进Preliminary selection 初选Testimonials 证明书，推荐书Synchronized sewing 同步缝纫Traineeship 培训Referee 介绍人，推荐人Controlling stake 控股权Contingency 意外事件Contingency plan 应变计划Contingency fund 以外开支准备金Core competence 核心竞争力Home provider 持家者Stereotype 成见Maternity leave 产假Sick pay 病假The trade 同行Trade union = labor union 工会Working class 无产阶级，工薪族Child-bearingChild-rearingAffirmative action 倾向性法案Positive discrimination 积极差别Corporate affairs 公司事务Allowances 津贴，补贴Unit 7 labor relationship劳资关系Trade union= labor union 工会Motorway 高速公路Collective bargaining 集体谈判Go-slow= slowdown 怠工Working-to-rule 按章工作Industrial action 劳工行动Picket 纠察Rate of production 生产速率Premises 企业的房屋建筑及附属场地Outsource 外包Subcontract 转包Subcontractor 承包商Out of house 机构外部的In-house 机构内部的Backstreet 偏僻街道Bill 开出账单，收取费用Staff levels 人员配备情况Bargaining power 议价权Conglomerate 联合大公司，企业集团Arch-rival 主要竞争对手Penalty point 违章扣分记录Pay-as-you-go 打多少交多少话费Auditor 审计员Adversary 对手，敌手Working hours gongzuoshij Working practices 工作惯例Uneconomic job 不赚钱的工作Tyranny 专制Deregulation 解除管制Work force 劳动力Public sector 共有部门Unit 8 production生产Flexible production line 柔性生产线Trade-off 妥协，协调，平衡Opportunity cost 机会成本Sunk cost 沉没成本Raw materials 原材料Semi-finished 半成品Finished 成品Product defect 质量缺陷Excess capacity 剩余产能Fixed cost 固定成本Variable cost 可变成本Cash flow 现金流Information flow 信息流Material flow 物料流Logistics 物流Lost sales 销售损失Market share 市场份额Production run 生产周期Mother-board 主板Hard disc 硬盘Chip 芯片Chassis （汽车）底盘Call center 呼叫中心OEM= original equipment manufacter 设备原产商，贴牌制造商Lean production 精益生产= stockless production 零库存生产= JIT= just-in-time production 准时制生产= continuous flow manufacture 连续流程生产PPM= piece per million 每百万件瑕疵率Continuous improvement= kaizen= kaizan 改善哲学Deming cycle= PDCA= plan-do-check-act 德明环ERP= enterprise resources planning 企业资源计划Scientific outlook 科学发展观No slack 无松懈，无容余Hi-fi= high fidelity 高保真Wi-fi= wireless fidelity 无线保真Operation manager 操作经理，运营经理Lead time 交付时间，订货到收货时间间隔Outsourcing= contracting out 外包Plant 工厂Subcontractor 承包商，分包商Economies of scale 规模经济Handling 搬运Depreciation 贬值Set-up 机器设置Obsolescence 过时，废弃Theft 盗窃，偷盗Breakage 破损Leakage 渗漏Under-utilizing 开工不足Defective 次品Quantity discount 大宗购买折扣Stimulate demand 刺激需求Sabotage 蓄意破坏Throughput 生产量，加工阶段Throughput time 输入到输出的加工阶段所需时间Product mix 产品组合Product line 产品系列，产品线Product range 产品范围QC department= quality department 质量部Knock-on 附带效果，间接影响，累积效果Knock-on effect 连续反应Circuit board 电路板Implant 植入Transplant 移植Refine process 完善Refinery 精炼厂TQM= Total quality management 全面质量管理Assembling 组装Distribute 分销Equipment 设备，（企业除了房产以外的）固定资产Facility 设备Joint venture 合资企业Location 位置，选址Operation 操作，运营Parts 零件Recall 召回Storage 贮藏（量）Work in process 正在进行的工作Unit 9 products产品Launch a product 发布产品Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand preference 品牌偏爱度Brand switcher 转换不同牌子的人Product line 产品线Product line-up 全系列产品Product mix 产品组合（一种产品的不同形式）Product range 产品范围PLC= Product life cycle 产品生命周期Niche 缝隙Niche market 缝隙市场Line-stretching 产品线的扩展Line filling 产品系列的填补Market segment 细分市场Segmentation of the market 市场细分High-end market 高端市场Low-end market 低端市场Up-market 向高端市场Down-market 向低端市场Product image 产品形象Corporate image 公司形象Shelf life 货架期，存活期Sell-by date 销售期限Expiration date= expire date 产品有效期Eye-soreAround the clock 24小时营业Portion 一客Dehydrate 使脱水Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stakeholder 利益一致者，风险共担体制Logo 标志Slogan 口号Service station （高速公路旁的）服务站Desktop machine 台式机器Financing 融资Economics 经济情况，经济因素Color scheme 色彩主题，色彩搭配Credit facility 信用工具Warranty = guarantee 保修Maintenance 维修保养After-sales service 售后服务Brand name 品牌Brand 商标，牌子Shelf space 货架空位Product development 产品研发Profitability 利润率Vending machine 自动售货机Prototype 原型，雏形Augmented 扩张的Delivery 交货，交付Initiative 主动积极性Market share 市场份额，市场占有率Multi-brand strategy 多品牌策略Vandalize 蓄意损坏公物Retailer 零售商Colgate 高露洁Philips 飞利浦Procter & Gamble 宝洁Unilever 联合利华Yamaha 雅马哈Unit 10 marketing市场营销Marketing mix市场营销组合，营销要素组合= product+ promotion+ price+ placePromotion 促销= advertising+ word of mouth+ public relations+ point of saleMarketing= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 促销+ publicity and public relations 宣传和公共关系Optional 选择（配置）Standard 标准（配置）Personal selling 人员推销Direct marketing 直销Direct mail 直邮Business market= producer market= industrial 商务市场，生产资料市场Consumer market 消费市场List price 标价= suggested retail price= recommended retail price 建议零售价Management consulting 管理咨询Tie range 领带系列Texture 质地Lycra 莱卡Take remedial action 采取补救措施Qualitative analysis 定性分析Quantitive research 定量分析Internal research 内部分析Raw/ primary/ first-hand data 一手数据Secondary/ second-hand data 二手数据Academic journal 学术期刊Trade journal 行业期刊Wine testing session 品酒会Sample v. 尝试，品尝Distribution channel 分销渠道，配送渠道Market research= marketing research 市场研究，市场调研Centrality 集中性Console 控制台Focus group 焦点小组Head office 公司总部Market opportunity 市场机会Integration 整合Marketer 营销人员Publicity 宣传Questionnaire 调查问卷Sales promotion 促销活动Selling 推销Target customer 目标顾客Hard-sell 硬性推销Market segmentation 市场细分Point of sale 销售点Product concept 产品概念Product features 产品功能Sales representative 销售代理B2B= business to business 企业对企业Selling concept 销售概念Marketing concept 行销概念Differential advantage 差异优势Integrated marketing 整合营销Discount 折扣Payment periodCredit terms 信用调侃Product manager 产品经理Brand manager 品牌经理Annual report 年报Unit11 advertising广告Advertising account 广告客户Advertising agent 广告公司Advertising campaign 广告宣传，广告攻势Brief 摘要Budget 预算Commercial 广播或电视广告Comparative-parity method 相对平等方法，比较奇偶方法Cost per thousand= CPM 每一千个成本Counter-cyclical advertising 非循环的广告Diminishing returns 收益递减Exposure 暴露Frequency 频率Institutional advertising 机构广告= prestige advertising 声望广告Media plan 媒体计划Media space 媒体空间Message 讯息，广告词OTS= opportunity to see 可见机会Prospective customer 潜在顾客Sales revenue 销售收入Sponsorship 赞助Target market 目标市场Threshold effect 门槛效应Turnover 流通量，营业额，周转Word-of-mouth advertising 口口相传，口碑Billboard = hoarding 广告牌Classified advertisement 分类广告Paid advertising 付费广告Advertising strategy 广告策略Poster 海报Purchasing frequency 购买平率Buyer turnover 新入场客户Match 追平Excessive advertising 过度广告Voiceover 画外音Unit12 promotional tools促销工具Promotion tools 促销工具= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 提升销量+public relations 公共关系Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Coupon 优惠券Introduction stage 引入期Growth stage 增长期，上升阶段Maturity stage 成熟期Decline stage 衰退期，下降阶段Loss leader 特价商品Planning 计划Positioning 定位Price-conscious 对价格敏感的Sales force 销售队伍Salespeople 售货员Sample 样品Trial 尝试Free trial 免费试用Publicity 宣传Paid advertising 付费广告Novel product 新产品Aim 指向Reduction 降价Rebate 回扣Promotional strategy 促销策略Promotional tactic 促销技巧Reduced-price pack 经济装Distributor 分销商Retailer 零售商Dealer 代理商Off-season 淡季Unit 13 accounting and financial statements 会计和财务报表Accountancy 会计师Accountant 会计师Accounting equation 会计恒等式Accounting 会计学Accrue 自然增加Accrued expenses 应计费用Accumulate 累计Amortization 摊销Annual report 年度报告Appreciate 增值Auditing 审计Bookkeeping 簿记Capitalization 资本化Cash flow 现金流Cost accounting 成本会计Creative accounting 粉饰财务状况Credit 信用，贷方Creditors债权人= accounts payable 应付账款Debit 借方Debt 债务Debtors债务人= accounts receivable 应收账款Depreciation 折旧Dividend 股息，红利Double-entry bookkeeping 复式簿记，复式记账法Earnings 收益Expenditure 支出，花费Expenses 费用，开支Financial statement 财务决算，财务报表Finished products 成品，产品Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Going concern 持续经营Goodwill 商誉Income 收益Interest 利息Long term liabilities 长期负债Current liabilities 流动负债，短期负债Managerial accounting 管理会计Market capitalization 市场资本化Nominal value 票面价值Market value 市场价值Quantify 量化Retained earnings 留存收益Revenue （销售）收入Self proprietorship 独资企业Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stock= inventory 库存Liability for tax 税务负担Transaction 交易Managerial accounting 管理会计Tax accounting 税务会计Cost accounting 成本会计Prepare budget 编制预算Financial report 财务报表Value v 定价Income & expenditure 收入和支出Debits & credits 借与贷Assets & liabilities 资产与负债Unit cost 单位成本Auditing 审计IRS= Internal Revenue Service 美国税务署Tax authority 税务局CPA= Certificated Public Accountant 注册会计师File a tax return 报税Income tax return 所得税表Income tax 所得税Sales tax 销售税Self-proprietorship 个体户Partnership 合伙，合股Tax break 减免税Turnover 销售收入，总收入Charged against profits 从利润中扣除On credit 赊账Overheads= overhead 固定费用Variable cost 可变成本Shareholder= stockholder 股东Pay liabilities 偿债Purchase price 购买价Depreciation charge 折旧费Understate 低估Overstate 高估Inflation 通货膨胀Deflation 通货紧缩Historical cost accounting 历史成本会计Net book value 净账面价值= purchase value – depreciation chargeCurrent cost accounting 时价会计Replacement cost accounting 重置成本会计Specify v. 规定Profit and loss account= income statement 损益表(shows earnings & expenditure, i.e. turnover+ costs+ expensed+ overheads )Balance sheet 资产负债表(shows financial situation on particular date, i.e. assets+ long-term & short-term liabilities+ shareholder’s funds)Financial year 财政年度Assets 资产= debtors/ accounts receivable + intangible assetsIntangible assets 无形资产=patents 专利+ goodwill 商誉+ copyrights 版权+ trade marks 商标Liabilities 负债=creditors/ account payableLong-term liabilities= loans 贷款+ bonds 债券Short-term liabilities=taxes+ interests 利息Assets=liabilities+ owners’ equity 资本主权，业主产权（股东对资产清偿所有债务之后剩余价值的所有权）Assets-liabilities= owners’ equity/ net as sets 净资产Share capital 股本，股份资本Share premium= paid-in surplus 股份溢价（超过股票票面价值的所得）Market capitalization 市场资本总值，市场资本总额Reserves 储量profit→taxation, dividend, retained profitFunds flow statement 资金流量表Source and application of funds statement 资金来源和应用表Statement of changes in financial position 财务状况变动报表Consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表IAS= International Accounting Standards 国际会计标准Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 期初现金Net cash from operating activities 运营净现金Net profit 净利润Retained earnings 留存收益Non-current assets 非流动资产Pre-paid expenses 预付费用Treasury shares 回购股票Translation differences 折算差Deferred tax liabilities 递延税负债Interest-bearing liabilities 有息贷款VAT= value added tax 增值税Associated company 关联公司Minority interests 少数股权Proceeds 所得收入Unit 14 banking 银行业务Personal banking 个人银行业务Cash card 现金卡，借记卡Credit card 信用卡Cash dispenser= ATM= automatic teller machine 自动取款机，自动柜员机Home banking 家庭银行（网银+电话银行）Loan 贷款Mortgage 抵押贷款，按揭Overdraft= overdraw 透支Current account= checking account 活期账户Deposit account= time account= notice account 定期账户Standing order= direct debit 长期委托书The banking industry 银行业Commercial bank= retail bank 商业银行，零售银行Foreign currency 外币Foreign exchange 外汇Spread= margin 差额Credit 借贷Note 纸币Cheque= check 支票Coin 硬币Yield & risk 收益与风险Liquidity 资产流动性Maturity 到期Investment bank= merchant bank 投资银行Issue securities 发行证券Underwrite securities 包销，分销证券Merger 并购Takeover 收购，接管Stockbroker 股票经纪人Portfolio management 投资组合Fee and commission 佣金Universal bank 综合银行Central bank 中央银行Minimum interest rate 最低利率Discount rate 贴现利率Blue chip borrower 蓝筹公司Base rate= prime rate 基本利率Credit standing= credit rating= creditworthiness 信用评价Solvency 偿付能力Collateral 抵押品，担保物Foreign bank 外国银行，外资银行Eurocurrency 外国持有的欧洲货币Petrodollar 石油美元Unit 15 stocks and shares股票Unlimited liability 无限责任Limited liability 有限责任Creditor 债权人Legal entity 法律实体Wound up 中止Liquidate 清算Venture capital 风险投资Memorandum of Association= Certificate of Incorporation 公司执照Article of Association= bylaws 公司条令Director 董事Public listed company= listed company= Publicly quoted company上市公司Shareholder= stockholder 股东Registrar of companies 公司登记处Over-the-counter market 场外交易市场Alternative Investment Market (London) 另类投资市场NasdaqBe quoted= be listed 上市Stock exchange 股票交易所Issue share 发行股票First Public Offering =IPO=Make a flotation= float a company首次公开募股Investment bank 投资银行Underwrite the issue 包销Rights issue 权利股发行Capitalize 资本化Bonus issue 红股发行Annual General Meeting= Annual Meeting of Stockholders 股东年会Residual value 残留价值Liquidation 清算Secondary market 二级市场Nominal value= face value= par value 票面价值Share= stock= equity 股票Blue chip 蓝筹Defensive stock 防御性股票Growth stock 成长性股票Insider share-dealing 内部交易Institutional investor 机构投资者Mutual fund 互惠基金，互利基金Market-maker 造市商Portfolio 组合投资Stockbroker 股票经纪人Cyclical trend 周期性趋势Pension fund 养老基金Insurance company 保险公司Unit 16 bonds 债券Obligation 负债Opportunity cost 机会成本Issue bonds 发行债券Blue chip company 蓝筹公司Rate 评价，估值Rating company 评估公司Standard & Poors 标准普尔Investment grade 投资评级Bearer certificate 不记名债券Primary market 一级市场Secondary bond market 二级债券市场Liquid 变现的Par 面值Coupon 息票Debt financing 负债融资Equity financing 股票融资Tax shield 税收挡避Debt-equity ratio 负债与权益比率Receipts 收入Gilt-edged securities 金边证券Treasury bond 长期国库债券Short-term treasury bill 短期国库券Circulation 流通Redeem 赎回Convertible bond 可转换债券Junk bond 垃圾债券Unit 17 futures and derivativesFutures 期货交易，期货合约Financial asset 金融资产Option 期权Commodities 大宗商品Derivatives 衍生物Hedging 对冲，套期保值Speculation 投机(Write a) Call option 看涨期权Put option 看跌期权Discount store 打折店Spot market 现货市场Futures market 期货市场Forward contract 远期合约Premium 溢价Exchange rate 汇率Interest rate 利率London International Financial Futures Exchange=LIFFE 伦敦国际金融期货交易所Exercise price= strike price 执行价Swap 掉期Currency swap 外汇掉期Interest rate swap 利率掉期Preferential rate 优惠汇率Profit and loss account 损益表Securities and Exchange Commission=SEC 证券交易管理委员会International Swaps and Derivatives Association=ISDA 国际掉期与衍生物协会End user 最终用户Corporate governance 公司监管Stop-loss limit 止损点Scenario analysis 情景分析Sensitivity analysis 敏感度分析Front line personnel 一线人员Police vt. 监管Code of conduct 行为规范Unsolicited 主动提供的Shoot through the floor 涨疯了Unit 18 market structure and competitionDurable consumer goods 耐用消费品Market leader 市场领导者Market follower 市场跟从者Market challenger 市场挑战者Market share 市场份额Market segmentation 市场细分Differential advantage 差别又是Unique selling point=USP 独特卖点Submarket 刺激市场Potential customer 潜在客户Barrier to entry 进入门槛Cartel 卡特尔Dominant-firm oligopoly 寡头垄断Economies of scale 规模经济Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争Monopoly 垄断Monopsony 买家垄断Natural monopoly 自然垄断Oligopoly 寡头垄断Perfect competition 完全竞争Homogenous 同类的，同质的Public utility 公用事业Marginal cost 边际成本Unit 19 takeovers, mergers and buyoutsMergers and acquisition 并购Backward integration 向后合并Forward integration 向前合并Horizontal integration 横向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Innovate 创造发明Diversify 多样化Raid 企图收购Takeover 收购出价Politics 权术，勾心斗角Optimum 最合适的Scanning electron microscope 扫描电子显微镜Craftsmanship 技术，技艺Leica 莱卡World-class player 世界级的玩家，世界级角色Rightsize 精简机构人员，合理简化On a day’s notice 提前一天通知On short notice 突然Leveraged buyouts=LBO 杠杆收购Management buyout= MBO 管理层收购Synergy 协同Asset-stripping 资产剥离Equity capital 股本Junk bond 垃圾债券UNIT 20 efficiency and employmentComputerization 计算机化Flexibility 灵活性Public services 公共服务Self-employment 自我雇佣Decentralization 分权Free trade 自由贸易Job-sharing 工作分享Rationalization 精简增效Deregulation 解除管制Productivity 生产效率Restructuring 重组Structural change 结构改变Welfare 福利Monetary policy 货币政策Private rent sector 私人租赁市场Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Tenure 任期Downsizing 减员Agency employmentRhetoric 说辞Received wisdom 流行观点Unemployment benefit 失业救济Sack 解雇Job insecurity 工作不稳定性Employability 可雇佣性Structural unemployment 结构性失业Frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业Cyclical unemployment 周期性失业Structural shift 结构性改变Job retention rate 工作留用率UNIT 21 Business cycleClassical economic theory 古典经济理论Welfare capitalism 福利资本主义Vitality 活力Perfect competition 完全竞争，自由竞争Free enterprise 自由市场Well-being 幸福Unit 22 the role of governmentMarket forces 市场力量Health Department 卫生部National Health Service 全民医疗Undercurrent 潜流Good society 良性社会State action 国家行为Health care 医疗服务Underclass 底层The affluent 富人Planned economy 计划经济Central economic planning 中央经济规划Intervention 干预Coerce vt. 强迫Mortician 殡葬业者A host of 很多Dispose of 用掉，用光Industry 实业Department of Trade and Industry= DTI 贸易工业部Unit 23 central banking, money and taxationFiscal policy 财政政策Monetary policy 货币政策Open market operation 开放市场操作Bank run 挤兑Liquidity ratio 现金比率Branch of the government 政府部门Budgetary policy 预算政策Budget deficit 预算赤字US Federal Reserve 美联储Price stability 价格稳定，物价稳定Declare （海关）申报Levy tax at… 对……征税Income tax 所得税Direct tax 直接税Indirect tax 间接税Value-added tax 增值税Regressive tax 递减税Progressive tax 递增税Sales tax 销售税Capital gains tax 资本所得税Capital transfer tax 资本转移税Wealth tax 财富税Tax evasion 逃税，漏税Tax avoidance 避税Government expenditure 政府支出Excise duties 消费税，国内货物税Corporation tax 公司税Marginal rate 边际率Black economy= underground economy 黑色经济，地下经济，非法经济Moonlighting 兼差Self-employed 自雇Family firm 家庭企业Gross national production= GNP 国民生产总值Loophole 漏洞Life insurance人寿保险Tax shelter 减免税收合法手段Tax loss 负税亏损Capital expenditure 资本支出，基本建设费用Money laundering 洗钱Unit 24 exchange rates 外汇利率The Bretton Woods agreement 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定利率Floating exchange rate 浮动利率Peg against 挂钩Promissory note 本票International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织Devaluation 贬值Revaluation 升值Gold convertibilityFreely/ clean floating exchange rate 清洁浮动利率Managed/ dirty floating exchange rate 管制/肮脏浮动利率。
剑桥商务英语BEC中高级词汇（含例句版）
[同义词] nonattendance, nonappearance
absent (adj.) not present, not at work缺席的
A
A share (n.) an ordinary share that does not give the owner the right to vote on company issues A股
剑桥商务英语BEC中高级词汇(含例句版)
Glossaryadj=adjective; adv=adverb; n=noun; v=verb;inf=informal; pl=plural; abbr=abbreviationA A share (n.) an ordinary share that does not give theowner the right to vote on company issues A股[例]Our company will issue A shares on market.abroad (adv.) to/in another country国外的[例]The sales director is abroad on business trip. [同义词]overseas, in foreign parts, out of the countryabsence (n.) time/period away from work缺席[例]The absence of the chief director of the meeting is somewhat a pity.[同义词] nonattendance, nonappearanceabsent (adj.) not present, not at work缺席的[例]Please let your section head know if you are likely to be absent for a longer period.[同义词] away, off, missingabsenteeism (n.) regular absence from work旷工[例]If motivation decreases, absenteeism is likely to increase.absorb (v.) integrate a smaller item into a larger whole兼并、担负（费用）[例]Head Office has absorbed the losses of our French subsidiary.absorption costing a way of pricing goods by allowing for all costs relating to production in the sale price 归纳成本法[例]Our company mainly use absorption costing to set the sale price of products.abstract(n.) short version of a longer document摘要[例]Please brief your staff the abstract of the prevailing government regulations.[同义词]summary, synopsis, digest accepting house = (US) accepting bank an organization, often a merchant bank, that promise to pay a bill of exchange in return for a fee 承兑银行access 1.(n.) entry to something通道[例]We have access to classified information.[同义词]entrance, passage2. (v.) gain entry into computer data files获取计算机数据（文件）[例]They shouldn’t have been able to access this file.[同义词]outputaccount (n.) record of financial transactions帐户[例]In our bank, if no transaction takes place in 2 years, your personal account will become unclaimed.account executive (n.) an advertising executive who looks after a particular client（广告或服务业）业务经理[例]Jack is the account executive of this advertising company.accounts payable a list of amounts owned to a business to suppliers of goods and services 应付帐款[例]add an entry to accounts payableaccountancy (n.) work of an accountant会计工作[例]At the end of a year, the accountancy of a big company is always very burdensome.accountant(n.) person qualified to keep a company’s accounts会计师（员）[例]To be a good and competent accountant,accounting principles should be strictly followed.accounts (n. pl) financial records of a business帐目[例]The bank would like to see the accounts.accruals(n. pl) money owed which is due at a later date 增长额，利息[例]The accruals you owe him will be due next week.achieve (v.) succeed in doing something完成[例]The two parties achieved final agreements in mutual benefits.[同义词]accomplish, complete, finishachievement(n.) the successful completion of something ，something successfully completed完成、成就[同义词]accomplishment, completion, perfectionacknowledge (v.) confirm that something has arrived 确认收悉[例]We acknowledge receipt of the shipment.[同义词]admit, acceptacknowledgement (n.) confirmation that something has arrived收条[例]After you have received the mail, please return your acknowledgement by fax.[同义词]acceptanceacquire (v.) buy, obtain购得、占有[例]We acquired a company, shares, etc.[同义词]obtain, get, procureacquisition the act of acquiring 收购[例]The good news from TCL: the acquisition of Schneider![同义词]merger, takeoveracting (adj.) working in the position of someone for a short time代理的[例]an acting manageractive money (n.)money that is being used by the public as opposed to money left in bank accounts.流通货币（相对于银行帐户中的货币）[例]The inflation increases active money .activity (n.) type of business业务[例]Our main activity is export /import trade. [同义词]businessact of God (n.) an unexpected or unavoidable event such as a storm , a flood , and earthquake ,etc mentioned in some insurance contracts as a cause of loss or damage 不可抗力[例]We will include the term of act of God in this insurance policy to against some uncertain factors. [同义词]force majeureactual (adj.) real实际的[例]Our actual results were better than forecast.actual loss (n.) the real cost of something as opposed to a sum of money stated on paper实际损失（相对于帐面损失）[例]In the recession, for the latest fiscal year, our actual loss is much greater than the paper loss.[相关词汇] paper lossactuals (n.) goods that can be purchased and used , as opposed to goods traded on a futures contract that are represented by documents实货（相对于期货）[例]The merchant is especially interested in the trading of futures , not actuals.[同义词] physicalsadapt (to )(v.) to make suitable to or fit for a specific use or situation. 使适应[例]the ability to adapt quickly to a new situation[同义词]adjustaddendum (n.) an extra section that is attached to ,or follows , a letter , report,ect 附录，附件[例]write an addendum to a report[同义词]appendixaddress (v.) 1.deal with 处理[例]address public concerns2.give speech to 演说[例]address audience on a business projectadjourn (v) to stop (a court case, a meeting , etc.)for a time before beginning again 延期，休会[例]The board meeting has been adjourned to an uncertain date.[同义词]postponeadjust(v) to settle an insurance claim 理算保险索赔[例]After the car accident, he made an insurance claim that will be adjusted soon.administration(n.) organization and control of a company经营、管理[例]The administration power of a company also shows the internal control of the company.[同义词]managementadmin (n.) abbreviation for administration 经营、管理administer (v.) organize, control: 管理[同义词]manageadopt (v.) choose, decide on采用[例]We adopted a new strategy.advance (n.) money paid before it is due, or for work only partially completed 预付款[例]Yesterday I received an advance on my monthly wage. (v) 1. to increase 提高[例]On bull market , shares are advancing rapidly. [同义词]increase2.to pay something before it is due 预付[例]The publishing house advanced me on royalties.advance bill (n.)a bill of exchange that has been written before the goods have been sent off 预付（开）票据[例]Dear customer, we will send you the advance bill for that batch by air express mail today.adverse balance (n.) an amount of debt shown on an account赤字[例]With the rapid growth of our turnover, our adverse balance will be eliminated very soon.[同义词]deficitadvertise (v.) announce something is for sale做广告[例]The soap is advertised on TV for its special flavor.[同义词]announcead (n, inf) short for advertisementad valorem(adj.) of tax that is calculated as a percentage of the value of the goods从价征税[例]VAT is a kind of valorem tax.advertisement(n.) notice/announcement that something is for sale广告[例]If you want your house sold, you should have put your advertisement in a more popular newspaper.advertiser (n.) person/company which advertises 广告商[例]Advertisers use various ways and media to promote their products.advertising (n.) the business of designing ads广告业[例]She’s in advertising.advice (n.) recommendation (s) about what you should do建议、通知（书）[例]His advice was to close the factory.[同义词]counsel, recommendation, opinionadvice note (n.) a note to the receiver of goods from the sender that gives details of the quantity and description of goods and when and how they will be transported 通知单[例]Before you deliver the goods, please fax us an advice note for our confirmation.advise (v.) recommend what should be done建议、通知[同义词] counsel, recommend, suggestafter-sales service (n.) service offered by a supplier to a customer to maintain or repair the product supplied售后服务[例]Nowadays many enterprises began to compete in the field of after-sales service.affiliate(n.)a person or an organization that is attached to a larger organization 成员，联号[例]That company is an affiliate of a prestigious holding group.[同义词] member(v.) to attach ( a person or an organization) to a larger organization 附属于[例]The business is affiliated to TCL Group.afmd (abbr.) aforementioned 上述的[例]You can refer to afmd post address for the dispatch.aftermarket (n.)a situation where a newly issued security is traded before its real price has been established in the stock market.二级市场[例]Buy shares on a healthy aftermarket.after sight(adv) written on a bill of exchange to show that the bill should be paid within a specified time after the payer is presented within it见票后付款[例]The bill should be paid at 60 days after sight.against all risks (adv.) (of a marine insurance policy) providing insurance for all types of loss or damage全保险.[例]We insuranced the cargo against all risks.agenda(n.) order of topics to be discussed at a meeting会议议程[例]The first topic on the agenda is salaries.agent (n.) person who represents a company代理（商）[例]Our company’s agent in Middle East has developed a widespread and mature business there. [同义词]representative, deputyagiotage(n.) the business of buying and then later selling foreign currencies 套汇[例]That guy makes a big fortune by agiotage.[同义词]arbitrageairline(n.) a business providing a system of scheduled air transport航空公司[例]United Airlinesair time (n.) time given to advertise on TV or radio 电视(收音)广告节目时间[例]The air time of this new product will be prolonged for 10 seconds.allocate (v.)give money or other resources in certainproportions分配[例]In the budget we allocated most of the money to marketing.[同义词]assign, designate, allotallotment(n.) the distribution of new company shares to the people who have applied for them配股[例]Allotment has been made by random draw because of oversubscription.allowance (n.) something, such as money, given at regular intervals or for a specific purpose津贴[例]An expenses allowance is paid monthly to each trainee.amalgamation(n.) a type of reorganization where two or more companies are combined into one company合并[例]The amalgamation of the three companies strengthened the corporation.[同义词]combination, mergerambition (n.) strong desire to succeed in life or in a job雄心[例]My sister has an ambition and desires to get MBA.[同义词]aspiration, desire, yearningamenity (n.) a feature that increases attractiveness or value, especially of a piece of real estate or a geographic location 生活福利设施[例] a sunny apartment with amenities including air conditioning[同义词]facility, convenienceamortize (v.) to pay off a debt by saving money on a regular basis分期清偿[例]The repayment of the bond is amortized in 5 years. analyse (v.) study in detail分析[例]We analysed the accounts.analysis (n.) detailed study, investigation分析[例]The analysis report shows clear logics and integrity.analyst(n.) person who analyses分析家[例]His intelligence and diligence made him an excellent and acute marketing analyst.annual (adj.) yearly年度的[例]the annual accounts[同义词]yearlyannual general meeting (n.) (AGM) a meeting of all the shareholders in a company年度股东大会annul (v.) to cancel something or stop it from being legally effective 废除,取消[例]The contract was annulled.[同义词]nullifyannulment (n.) the act of canceling something or stopping it from being legally effective 废除，取消[例]The disagreement of two parts resulted in the annulment of the contract signed at the verybeginning of their cooperation.antedate(v.) to put an earlier date (on a document, letter, cheque, etc) than the date at the time of writing 倒填日期[例]To make this cheque legal, you should antedate it by 7days.[同义词]backdateanti-dumping (adj.) of ways in which a country protects its economy by preventing other countries from dumping in it. 反倾销[例]anti-dumping lawsapology (n.) an acknowledgment expressing regret or asking pardon for a fault or offense.致歉[例] a letter of apologyappeal 1. (n.) being attractive吸引力[例]This product has appeal for young people. [同义词]attraction, charm2. (v.) be attractive to吸引人的[同义词]attract, allureappendix(n.) a collection of supplementary material, usually at the end of a book附录[例]to use an appendix for any information[同义词]addendumapply (v.) ask for something (in writing)（书面的）申请[同义词]We applied for a loan.applicant (n.) person who applies申请人[例]The applicant shows outstanding advantages among the candidates pool.application (n.) act of applying申请application form(n.) pre-printed form to make a request for a job申请表[例]Please fill in this application form at first.appoint (v.)choose someone for a job任命[例]We have decided to appoint a new sales manager.[同义词]assign, designateappointee (n.) person chosen for a position or job 被任命者[例]He is lucky to be the appointee of this project.appointment (n.) 1. choice of someone for a new job 任命[例]The appointment of area financial controller implies he has been promoted.2. arrangement for a meeting约定（会议）[例]We fixed an appointment at four o’clock.appraisal (n.) calculation of the value of somebody or something 估价[例]Their appraisal of the necklace is about RMB 1,000.[同义词]evaluation, valuation, assessmentappraise(v.) to judge the value of somebody or something估价[例]They appraised it was only worth $1.[同义词]evaluate, assessappraiser (n.) person who judges鉴定者，估价官[例]Who will be the appraiser?appreciate (v.) 1. be thankful for感激[例]I appreciated your help.2. understand理解[例]I appreciate your problems.3.increase in value增值[例]My shares have appreciated by 10%.apprentice(n.) young person who is learning a skill学徒[例]Don’t listen to him. Jack is only an apprentice. [同义词]learner, beginnerapprenticeship(n.) period of time spent learning a skill学徒年限，学徒身份[例]Jack served an apprenticeship with a carpenter.appropriate (v.) to put an amount of money aside for a special purpose拨出（款项）[例]They appropriated $10,000 for bribery.approve(v.) agree to pass officially批准[例]They Board approved the new plan.[同义词]acceptapproval (n.) agreement批准aptitude (n.) natural ability (to do a task)天资[例]She had a high aptitude for business.arbitrage(n.) the purchase of securities on one market for immediate resale on another market in order to profit from a price discrepancy套利[例]He made big fortune by arbitrage.arbitration(n.) process of settling a dispute仲裁[例]We shall have to resort to arbitration.[同义词]judgement, adjudicationarea (n.) region区域[例]His sales area is the North East.[同义词]district, region, territoryarrears (n.) money which is owed and has not been paid on time到期未付帐[例]The payment in arrears amounts to$100.[同义词]arrearage, debt, liabilitiesarrival notice (n.)a note sent by a carrier to the receiver( consignee) saying that goods have arrived 到货通知[例]After your receipt of the arrival notice from the carrier---COSCO, please arrange the picking-up of the goods at the dock.artifical person (n.) a company considered as having a separate legal identity from the people who work for it, although some of these people will represent the will of the company 法人[例]The company is regarded legally as an artifical person.[同义词]fictitious person, juristic personas per (adv) according to根据[例]As per your request that is made in your last mail, we are writing to confirm our pointconcerning the price.asap as soon as possible 及早[例]After the cargo reaches your dock,please inform us by fax or email asap.assemble (v.)1.put (a product) together from component parts装配[例]After the internal innovation, the efficiency of workers’ assembling machines has greatly improved.2.to bring or call together into a group or whole集合[例]Ask your colleagues to assemble in the meeting room at 10:15.assembly-line(n.) layout of workers and machines where the work passes from one worker to the next, usually on a moving belt, until it is finished装配线[例]All the workers should take care of the assembly line.assembly (n.) putting (a product) together装配[例]We have automated assembly line.assembly point (n.)a place where people should gather in an emergency.集合地点assented stock (n.) an item of financial value, eg an ordinary share, that belongs to someone who has agreed to the conditions of a takeover bid 同意股票assess (v.) estimate the value of估价[例]The property was assessed at ￡20,000.[同义词] value, evaluateassessment (n.) calculation of value估价[例] a tax assessment[同义词] evaluation, appraisalasset (n.) something of value which is owned by a company资产[例]Their company’s major asset is its property. [同义词] propertyasset backing (n.)the total value of the assets of a company divided by the number of ordinary shares issues. 资产保证[例]We must ensure a solid asset backing for our company.associate company (n.)a company of which more than 20%, but less than 51% of the share capital is held by another company .联营公司[例]This firm is an associate company , not a holding company.current assets (n.) assets in daily use by a business 流动资产fixed assets (n.) property and machinery固定资产[例]Plants and machines are fixed assets.frozen assets(n.) assets which cannot be sold, usually because there is a dispute冻结资产intangible assets(n.) assets which cannot be seen (such as goodwill, patents etc.)无形资产liquid assets(n.) cash or bills which can be easily converted into cash流动资产[例]The amount of liquid assets is important to a company.tangible assets (n.) assets which can be seen (such as property, machinery etc.)有形资产at par ( adj/ adv) of a share or other security that has the same value on the market as the value written on the share itself 平价（市值等于票面值）[例]She bought the shares at par.ATM (n.) automatic teller machine 自动取款机[例]You can draw cash from any ATM at any time in Shanghai by using this Visa Card.[同义词] cashpointattempt 1.(n.) trial, effort努力、尝试[例]We have made an attempt to enter a new market.2. (v.) tryattn (abbr) for the attentin of交由某人亲启[例]He wrote ATTN Mr.Johnson. on the envelop.auction (n.)the way of selling in which each item is sold at an open meeting to the person who makes the highest bid拍卖[例]He sold his villa in the auction at 200,000 dollars.auction(v.) to sell something to the person who makes the highest offer; sell something by auction拍卖[例]His house was auctioned last week.audio-conference (n.) a meeting with people who cannot all be together at the same time, using audio (telephone) equipment 电话会议[例]The scheduled meeting has been cancelled for SARS, and we are planning to hold anaudio-conference next week.audit [(n.) examination of the accounts of a company 审计[例]We require an audit confirmation from your account opening bank.auditing (n.) official process of checking theaccounts of a company to see if they represent a true picture审计[例]The bank is under its annual internal auditing.auditor (n.) person who audits审计员authenticate (v.) proof that something is real or true 认证[例]You should ask a skilled attorney to authenticate the signature at the bottom ofthis document in case that it is a forged one. [同义词]certifyaverage 1. (n.) the number which is calculated by adding several figures together and then divided by the number of figures均数[例]The sales average has been around 250 units. [同义词] mean2. (adj.) middle平均的[例]the average priceaveraging (n.) trading shares from the same company at different prices at the same time 股票平均买卖法[例]Average can maintain the price of a security.awareness(n.) being conscious of something知道[例]He has no awareness about the transaction.axe 1.(v) remove or dismiss somebody 解雇[例]Several thousand of jobs will be axed next month due to the great depression.[同义词]dismiss ,sack, lay off ,fire2.(n)removal or dismissal 解雇[例]I will under the axe if I can’t reach the sales goal this year.Bback 1. (n.) opposite of front背面[例]Please sign the cheque on the back.[同义词] rear, reverse2. (adj.) from the past过去的、拖欠的[例]We have a lot of back orders.3. (v.) support资助[例]The bank backed my new venture.[同义词] support, encouragebackdate v.) to put a date on a document that is earlier than the real date, so that it is valid from that earlier date 倒填日期[例]He backdated the bill so that it can be valid. [同义词]antedateback order (n.) an order for goods that have not yet been produced or supplied积压定单[例]After a long vacation, I found myself in a huge stack of back orders.[同义词] backlogback out(v) to give up or not do something after agreeing to do it不履行[例]You will be charged for sure if you back out of the contract.[同义词]defaultbacker (n.) person who supports financially资助者[例]The company has some big backers.[同义词] patron, sponsor, benefactorbacking (n.) support, usually financial one资助[例]Strong governmental baking makes the project very profitable. backhander (n. inf.) a bribe, money given under the table贿赂[例]The chief director was arrested for his involvement in some backhander affairs.[同义词] bribebacklog (n.) build-up of work or orders which have not been processed积压的工作（或订单）[例]The failure of the project was due to backlog of superior orders.back up support 支持[例]You should back up all claims you make.back-up( back up ) (n,v) to make a cope in case the original one is lost or damaged 备份[例]I made a back-up of that document in case of some unforeseen damage to it.bad debt (n.) debt which will not be paid呆帐[例]The obvious decrease of bad debt avoided the bankruptcy of the big nation owned enterprise.bad faith (n.) having a dishonest intention 欺诈[例]Bad faith will bring disasters to a cooperation in the long run.[反义词]integrity ，good-willbalance(n.) amount which makes the total credits and debits equal收支平衡（差额）、结余[例]Additional balance statement will charge 10 USD.[同义词] equilibrium, equipoise, evennessbalance of payments (n.) international financial position of a country (account of imports, exports and invisible earnings)贸易收支差额balance sheet (n.) statement of the financial position of a company or business at a certain moment资产平衡表ban (v) to forbid something ; to forbid someone to do something 禁止[例]Public advertisement on tobacco is banned in China, but some crafty tobacco companies are successful in circumventing this ban.[同义词] forbidbank (v) to deposit something in a bank 存入[例]You have to bank a certain amount of money in order to avoid being overdrawn.[同义词]depositBA (bank acceptance )a bill of exchange that is accepted by a bank for a fee.银行承兑汇票[例]We will issue a bank acceptance for the payment.bank book (n.)a book that lists all payments into and withdrawals from a customer’s bank account 存折[例]You can insert your bank book into this machine which will automatically update it.bank holiday (n.)a day, not a Saturday or Sunday, when banks are closed and which is also a general holiday(英国)银行假日[例]You have to wait till the day after tomorrow for your opening account in the Bank ofLondon because tomorrow is a bankholiday.bank statement (n.) written statement showing transactions and balance of an account银行结单bankrupt 1. (adj.) unable to pay debts破产的[例]He was declared bankrupt.[同义词] insolvent2. (v.) force someone to become bankrupt使破产[例]The high interest rates have bankrupted my business.bankruptcy (n.) state of being bankrupt破产[同义词] insolvencybar code (n.)a series of lines printed on a product that can be read by a machine connected to a computer system to give a price or reference number 条形码[例]The invent of bar code has greatly speeded up the economy of supermarketsbargain 1. (v.) discuss in order to reach agreement on price conditions讨价还价[同义词] haggle, negotiate2. (n.) item at a good (cheap) price物美价廉的商品[例]The cardigan is real a bargain for I just pay half of its previous price.bargaining (n.) discussing in order to reach agreement 讨价还价[例]The buyer and seller finally agreed to the price level after 2 hours’ bargaining.barrister (n.) a person who is qualified to speak in a higher court of law大律师[例]He is a top barrister specializing in financing law.[同义词]lawyer ,solicitor, bar, counselb/e (abbr) bill of exchange 汇票basic (adj.) minimum that can be expected; what everything else depends on基本的[例]Older workers will, of course, still be interested in basic pay.[同义词] fundamental, essential, elementary,batch (n.) group of items made at same time一批[例]This batch of goods will be delivered by UPS .batch process(n.) production process based onconverting a quantity of items at the same time批处理batch size (n.) number of items in a batch批量bear market(n.) period when share prices are falling熊市[例]Unfortunately, you confronted bear market.beat [ bi:t ] (v.) win over (someone) in a fight胜过[例]We have beaten our competitors to be the first on the market.[同义词] defeat, hitbehave(v.) act举止[例] You should behave yourself when attending such important banquet.below-the-line (adj.) below-the-line advertising; advertising which is not paid for页底的（广告）[例]Below-the-line activities refers to sales promotion or marketing research which amarketing department buys directly.benchmarking(n.) to measure (a rival's product) according to specified standards in order to compare it with and improve one's own product比较和改进自己的产品[例]Benchmarking has become one of the fashionable words in current management discussion.benefit 1. (n.) advantage; profit 好处,利益[例]It will be our mutual benefit to come to an agreement.2. (n.) money provided as a right under a state or private insurance scheme, e.g. disability benefit.津贴,救济金3. (v.) to profit, gain advantage from有益于,受益于disability benefit (n.) payment made to a person unable to work because of permanent or long-term physical handicap残疾抚恤金sickness benefit (n.) payments made while a person is on sick leave病假补助fringe benefits (n.) extra benefits such as a car, private health insurance provided by a company附加福利[例]Fringe benefits should be firmly incorporated within the payment policy and administeredby the personnel department.bid [ bid ] (n & v) offer to buy something at a certain price出价、投标[例]Those potential buyers of the company bid against each other.takeover bid (n.) 出价收购bidder(n.) person who makes an offer投标人[例]The company will go to the highest bidder.bill 1. (n.) written list of money to be paid帐单[例]This bill does not include VAT.2. (v.) send a bill to someone开帐单bill of entry (n.) a detailed list of goods prepared by the exporter or importer for examination by customs 报关单[例]I will prepare a bill of entry ,together with other required documents for the declaration of this batch of imported goods.bill of lading(B/L)(n.) a document that shows details of goods being transported. It is a receipt from the transporter to the sender and entitles the receiver to collect the goods on arrival.提单billboard (n.) large roadside advertising poster（户外）广告牌[例]The billboard of KFC is obvious everywhere.billing(n.)1. process of invoicing 开帐单2. advertising; promotion 广告，促销[例]The product needed better billing to outsell its competitors.bill of materials (n.) list of all raw materials and parts that go into an end product材料清单billion (n.) US:one thousand million（美）十亿; GB: one million million（英）万亿black(adj.) not allowed by law黑市的，非法交易的black market (n.)a situation of illegal trading in goods, currencies or services黑市[例]He bought some pirate CDs on the black market.in the black in credit（银行存款）有赢余black list list of goods, companies, people who are prohibited from trading黑名单[例]The customer is in the system black list so we can not provide trading service for him.blue chips (n.) shares with the highest status as investments, usually shares of well-established companies蓝筹股，热门的股票[例]Wise investors will show great interest in blue chips.blue-collar (adj.) relating to manual work体力劳动者[例]Your local newspaper is usually the best source of blue-collar jobs. board meeting(n) a gathering of the directors of a company to discuss important company business董事会[例] He will chair the board meeting tomorrow on the takeover issues.board of directors (n.) group of people chosen by the shareholders to develop company policy董事会议[例] This proposal has been approved by the board of directors.bond n.) contract document promising to repay money borrowed by a company or government债券[例]Most bonds are unsecured and do not grant shares in an organization.bonded goods (n) imported items on which customs duties must be paid before they can be collected by the imported or exported again保税货物[例] We need permission to release these bonded goods to the importer.bonded house(n) a building where bonded goods are kept until the customs duty has been paid and they can be collected by the importer or exported again 保税仓库[例] The cargo is still in the bonded house.bonus (n.) additional payment奖金，红利[例]Our department manager has been given an annual bonus for his good performance.[同义词] dividendbook [ buk ] (v.) to arrange for (tickets or lodgings, for example) in advance; reserve 预订[例]The secretary has booked the manager in at the Hilton Hotel.。
高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇
高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇下面是高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇：1. negotiate 谈判2. persuade 说服3. convince 使信服4. compromise 妥协5. agreement 协议6. contract 合同7. deal 交易8. transaction 交易9. deadline 截止日期10. proposal 提议11. recommendation 推荐12. suggestion 建议13. objection 反对14. cooperation 合作15. teamwork 团队合作16. collaboration 合作17. communication 沟通18. negotiation skills 谈判技巧19. problem-solving 解决问题20. decision-making 决策21. analyze 分析22. evaluate 评估23. assess 评估第1页/共6页24. identify 辨别25. brainstorming 集思广益26. prioritize 优先考虑27. research 研究28. data 数据29. information 信息30. report 报告31. presentation 展示32. meeting 会议33. agenda 议程34. minutes 记事35. action points 行动点36. follow-up 后续37. deadline 截止日期38. timeline 时间线39. schedule 日程安排40. project 项目41. budget 预算42. cost 成本43. expense 开销44. profit 利润45. revenue 收入46. investment 投资47. financial statement 财务报表48. balance sheet 资产负债表49. income statement 损益表50. cash flow 现金流量51. market 市场52. competition 竞争53. customer 客户54. client 客户55. consumer 消费者56. target audience 目标受众57. product 产品58. service 服务59. brand 品牌60. promotion 推广61. advertising 广告62. marketing 市场营销63. sales 销售64. distribution 分销65. supply chain 供应链66. logistics 物流67. customer service 客户服务68. satisfaction 满意度69. quality 质量70. efficiency 效率71. productivity 生产力72. innovation 创新73. sustainability 可持续性74. corporate social responsibility (CSR) 企业社会责任75. globalization 全球化76. outsourcing 外包77. import 进口78. export 出口79. tariff 关税80. trade 贸易第3页/共6页81. exchange rate 汇率82. inflation 通货膨胀83. recession 经济衰退84. economic growth 经济增长85. market share 市场份额86. brand image 品牌形象87. customer loyalty 客户忠诚度88. target market 目标市场89. market research 市场调研90. sales forecast 销售预测91. competitive advantage 竞争优势92. advertising campaign 广告活动93. sales promotion 销售促销94. customer relationship management (CRM) 客户关系管理95. product development 产品开发96. cost reduction 成本降低97. profit margin 利润率98. financial analysis 财务分析99. market segmentation 市场细分100. target audience 目标观众101. company 公司102. organization 组织103. department 部门104. team 小组105. staff 员工106. employee 雇员107. manager 经理108. supervisor 主管109. executive 高管110. colleague 同事111. job 职位112. career 职业113. resume 简历114. interview 面试115. hire 雇佣116. fire 解雇117. promotion 晋升118. demotion 降职119. resignation 辞职120. retirement 退休121. training 培训122. development 发展123. performance 绩效124. evaluation 评估125. goal 目标126. objective 目标127. deadline 截止日期128. task 任务129. project 项目130. workload 工作量131. responsibility 责任132. accountability 负责任133. delegation 分派134. workload 工作量135. work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡136. motivation 动力第5页/共6页137. team-building 团队建设138. leadership 领导力139. communication 沟通140. problem-solving 解决问题141. negotiation 谈判142. conflict 冲突143. stress 压力144. time management 时间管理145. decision-making 决策146. efficiency 效率147. productivity 生产力148. innovation 创新149. problem-solving 解决问题150. teamwork 团队合作。
剑桥商务英语高级图表作文重点词汇和例句
图表作文常用词汇上升：increase, rise ,ascend ,core, surge, go up, climb ,mount ,level up下降: decrease, fall, drop ,descend ,decline ,reduce, lessen ,level down平稳:stable ,steady ,remain/maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to波动:fluctuate ,fluctuation ,rise and falls ,up and down占:occupy ,take up ,account for, gain而:while ,however ,whereas ,on the other hand ,actually/in fact相比:by contract ,on the contrary, likewise, compared with最高点:the highest, the top ,the summit ,the peak ,the most最低点:bottom ,less ,least ,rock bottom预见: prediction; predict, forecast达到顶峰: mount to; peak; reach a peak of…在…中占gain the percentage of有一个稳定的过程:a stable period can be seen图表句型模版描述饼图1、??% of the 比较主体is / has / are / have……2、比较主体中的一部分is / constitutes / accounts for ??% in the whole pie chart.3、比较群体中的一部分is /are ??% in the pie chart描述其他图1、节节上升比较主体rise steadily from 时间to 时间。
新编剑桥商务英语高级重点词汇
Reflection JournalOver the past three months, I have learned lots of professional words and writing rules of the business industy.The following phrases are what I have learned in this semester.Can't see the wood for the trees 只见树木不见森林Doesn't want to lose face 不想丢脸Have tunnel vision 目光短浅/井底之蛙Bite off more than you can chew 自不量力Too many chiefs, not enough Indians 将多兵少Cut corners 走捷径Throw money at the problem 挥金如土Spend excessively 花大笔的钱Open a can of worms 捅了马蜂窝/惹火上身Be a yes-man 唯命是从Customer satisfaction rates 客户满意度Sales forecasting 销售预测Fundamental mistakes 重大错误State of the art 一流的Take time out 暂停Over.... 边做某事Prevent sth.from doing sth.防止某事发生Working routine 每日工作日程For the purpose of doing sth.So as to do sth. 为了....High street 繁荣街道Subsidiary 分支机构Devote to ....奉献Dress up an old concept 旧瓶装新酒Revolutionary idea 革命看法Jargon 行话，术语Nothing more than... 仅仅是...Hypocrisy 虚伪，伪善Spend time doing sth. Take time to do sth.Quadruple 四倍的Aspire to do .....有志于.....Ambitious 野心勃勃的热情的有志向的Oil spills at sea 海上漏油事件Nuclear radiation leaks 核辐射泄露Declining fish stocks 渔业衰退Landslides 山体滑坡V olcanic eruption 火山喷发Tropical species 热带植物extinction risk 消除风险transform business 企业转变remind of the obvious 提示Eliminate pollution 消除污染There is no alternative.别无选择。
剑桥商务英语考试高频词汇
剑桥商务英语考试高频词汇剑桥商务英语考试高频词汇attempt 1.(n.) trial, effort努力、尝试[例] We have made an attempt to enter a new market.2. (v.) tryattn (abbr) for the attentin of交由某人亲启[例] He wrote ATTN Mr.Johnson. on the envelop.auction (n.)the way of selling in which each item is sold at an open meeting to the person who makes the highest bid拍卖[例] He sold his villa in the auction at 200,000 dollars.auction (v.) to sell something to the person who makes the highest offer; sell something by auction拍卖[例] His house was auctioned last week.audio-conference (n.) a meeting with people who cannot all be together at the same time, using audio (telephone) equipment 电话会议[例] The scheduled meeting has been cancelled for SARS, and we are planning to hold an audio-conference next week.audit (n.) examination of the accounts of a company审计[例] We require an audit confirmation from your accountopening bank.auditing (n.) official process of checking the accounts of a company to see if they represent a true picture审计[例] The bank is under its annual internal auditing.auditor (n.) person who audits审计员authenticate (v.) proof that something is real or true 认证[例] You should ask a skilled attorney to authenticate the signature at the bottom of this document in case that it is a forged one.[同义词] certifyaverage1. (n.) the number which is calculated by adding several figures together and then divided by the number of figures均数[例] The sales average has been around 250 units.[同义词] mean2. (adj.) middle平均的[例] the average priceaveraging (n.) trading shares from the same company at different prices at the same time 股票平均买卖法[例] Average can maintain the price of a security.awareness (n.) being conscious of something知道[例] He has no awareness about the transaction.axe 1.(v) remove or dismiss somebody 解雇[例] Several thousand of jobs will be axed next month due to the great depression.[同义词] dismiss ,sack, lay off ,fire2.(n)removal or dismissal 解雇[例] I will under the axe if I can’t reach the sales goal this year.appreciate (v.) 1. be thankful for感谢[例] I appreciated your help.2. understand理解[例] I appreciate your problems.3.increase in value增值[例] My shares have appreciated by 10%.apprentice (n.) young person who is l【剑桥商务英语考试高频词汇】。
剑桥商务英语高级单词
剑桥商务英语高级单词剑桥商务英语考试分为初级、中级和高级，下面是分享的高级考试常见词汇，希望能对大家有所帮助!Mixed economy 混合经济非共产主义国家中经济组织的主要形式。
混合经济主要依靠其经济组织中的价格体系，同时也采用多种形式的政府干预(如税收、支出和管制)来应付宏观经济的不稳定和市场不灵等情况。
Model 模型一种正式的分析框架，通过少数关键性变量的关系来提醒一个复杂系统的根本特征。
模型可采取几何图形、数学方程组和计算机程序等多种形式。
Moderate inflation 温和的通货膨胀见通货膨胀(inflation)。
Momentary run 瞬期非常短的一段时间，在这段时间里，生产是固定不变的。
Moarism 货币主义一个经济学流派，认为货币供应的变化是宏观经济波动的主要原因。
就短期来说，货币主义认为，货币供应变动是决定实际产出和价格水平变动的主要因素。
就长期来说，它认为价格倾向于与货币供应成比例地运动。
货币主义者经常认定，最好的宏观经济政策是保持货币供应稳定增长的政策。
Moary base 货币根底由公众持有的政府的净货币性负债。
在美国，货币根底等于通货加上银行准备金。
有时称高能货币(highpowered money)。
Moary economy 货币经济一种经济，其贸易经由一种能被共同承受的交易媒介而进展。
Moary policy 货币政策中央银行实施控制货币、利率、信贷条件的目标和手段。
货币政策的主要工具包括：公开市场业务、准备金比率和贴现率。
Moary rule 货币规那么货币规那么是货币主义经济学最重要的教条。
它宣称最好的货币政策是将货币供应的增长率固定在一个水平上，不管经济景气与否，都应维持不变。
Moary transmission mechanism 货币传导机制在宏观经济学中，货币供应变动转化为产出、就业、价格和通货膨胀的变动的途径。
Moary union 货币联盟假设干国家采用同一种通用货币作为会计单位和交换媒介的一种制度安排。
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Reflection Journal
Over the past three months, I have learned lots of professional words and writing rules of the business industy.The following phrases are what I have learned in this semester.
Can't see the wood for the trees 只见树木不见森林
Doesn't want to lose face 不想丢脸
Have tunnel vision 目光短浅/井底之蛙
Bite off more than you can chew 自不量力
Too many chiefs, not enough Indians 将多兵少
Cut corners 走捷径
Throw money at the problem 挥金如土
Spend excessively 花大笔的钱
Open a can of worms 捅了马蜂窝/惹火上身
Be a yes-man 唯命是从
Customer satisfaction rates 客户满意度
Sales forecasting 销售预测
Fundamental mistakes 重大错误
State of the art 一流的
Take time out 暂停
Over.... 边做某事
Prevent sth.from doing sth.防止某事发生
Working routine 每日工作日程
For the purpose of doing sth.
So as to do sth. 为了....
High street 繁荣街道
Subsidiary 分支机构
Devote to ....奉献
Dress up an old concept 旧瓶装新酒
Revolutionary idea 革命看法
Jargon 行话，术语
Nothing more than... 仅仅是...
Hypocrisy 虚伪，伪善
Spend time doing sth. Take time to do sth.
Quadruple 四倍的
Aspire to do .....有志于.....
Ambitious 野心勃勃的热情的有志向的
Oil spills at sea 海上漏油事件
Nuclear radiation leaks 核辐射泄露
Declining fish stocks 渔业衰退
Landslides 山体滑坡
V olcanic eruption 火山喷发
Tropical species 热带植物
extinction risk 消除风险
transform business 企业转变
remind of the obvious 提示
Eliminate pollution 消除污染
There is no alternative.别无选择。
Trade surplus 贸易顺差
Trade deficit 贸易逆差
Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
Free-market mechanism 自由市场机制free market principle 自由市场原则Per capita 人均
Three out of ten 十分之三
Stakeholders 利益相关者
Half-yearly financial report 半年财务报告
Creditor 债权人
Taking the minutes 做会议记要
Adjourn 休息
Be better placed 最好的人选
Apply for reimbursement 报销
Speculate with its shares 股票投机
Pass on 传递
Classified information 保密信息
Bulky 大块的
Dependable 可靠的
Inexpensive 廉价的
Time-consuming 费时的
Innovative 创新的
Up-market 上档次的
Over-priced 物有所值
Impractical 不靠谱的
It retails at ＄20.零售价是二十美元。
It consists of two main parts.由两个主要部分组成。
It will appeal to students.主要是为吸引学生。
It complies with industry.它符合行业标准。
Price appreciation 升值
Total shareholder return 股东总回报
Come up with new ideas提出新的概念
Budgetary 预算的
Keep up with 保持.....一致
Differentia 差异化
Core competence 核心竞争力
Supply chain management 供应链管理
See something through 完成
Take it up 开始使用
to retain customers 保留客户
Stands up to 能够经受的住
Cost-effective 节约成本
Gross profit 毛利
Operating profit 营业利润
Virtual conference 视频会议
Car share scheme 拼车
Freeloading customers 蹭吃蹭喝的顾客
An arduous task 艰巨任务
People with nerves of steel 钢铁意志的人
Get away from business 逃离交易
Expose a company to close scrutiny 公司暴露在...审查中Leave a lasting impression 留下难以磨灭的印象
To launch a new product 发布一个新产品
To develop awareness of the company's mission 宣传企业使命Rely on 依赖
An alternative is 还有另一种选择
Look forward to doing 期待...
End up doing 以....告终
Break the ice 打破沉默
Feel at ease 自由自在
Commemorate 纪念
Blank cheque 空白支票
Set aside 放在一旁
Writing rule of a proposal
Proposal for corporate event 企业事件策划书
To:
From:
Re:
∆Introduction 介绍
∆Proposed event 事件是什么
∆Reasons for choice of venue and theme 所选地点和主题的原因
∆Promotional aspects 推广元素
∆Catering 餐饮
∆Cost 成本
∆Conclusion 结束语
Cost of living 生活成本
Low income 低收入
Job market 就业市场
Consumer confidence 客户信任
Public sector 政府企业
Private company 私企
Foreign investment 外商投资
Economic growth 经济成长
Unemployment rate 失业率
The benefit of the government 财政补贴
Foreign import 进口
Trade deficit 贸易逆差
Buying power 购买力
The tax burden 税负
Relocating 迁址
Buoyant 上涨的
Stagnation 经济停滞
Stagflation 通货停滞
These gases are an essential part of a balanced ecosystem; it is only in excess that they become dangerous.对于一个平衡的生态系统来说，二氧化碳必不可少。
但若过量，却会对其造成威胁。
A free-market mechanism that penalizes the richer nation's over-consumption of the global commons.自由市场机制应该处罚那些过度消耗全球资源的富有国家。
The fact is that there is no correlation between the amount of revenue spent on R&D and the innovative success of an organization.事实上，研发投资多少和创新成果无关。
Managers who think that innovation is a passport to greater market share and profitability are fooling themselves.那些认为创新是企业增加市场份额通行证的人完全是在自欺欺人。