国际经济学试题及答案解析
(完整)国际经济学考试题库(答案版)
一、试述H-O模型的主要内容并予以评价。
1、基本内容:资本丰富的国家在资本密集型产品上相对供给能力较强，劳动丰富的国家则在劳动密集型产品上相对供给能力较强。
根据比较优势原则,一国出口密集使用其丰富要素的产品，进口密集使用其稀缺要素的产品.要素的自然禀赋—要素供给—要素的相对富饶程度—要素相对价格—生产成本差异-商品价格差异—贸易的发生2、评价：贡献：a、从一国经济资源优势解释国际贸易发生的原因；b、从实际优势出发决定贸易模式；c、从贸易对经济的影响分析贸易的作用.局限性：a、禀赋并非贸易发生的充分条件；b、对需求因素未予以充分考虑，影响了理论对实际情况的分析；c、过分强调静态结果，排除技术进步及实际存在的情况，影响了理论的适用性.二、结合货币市场和外汇市场，以美元为本币，请画图美联储增加货币供给后，美元对欧元的汇率将如何变动.外汇指的是以外国货币表示的，为各国普遍接受的，可用于国际间债权债务结算的各种支付手段。
货币政策是指政府或中央银行为影响经济活动所采取的措施，尤指控制货币供给以及调控利率的各项措施。
一国货币供给的增加会使该国货币在外汇市场上贬值。
美国的货币市场决定美元的利率，美元利率则影响维持利率平价的汇率。
所以当美联储增加货币供给后，会导致美元相对欧元的贬值。
但美元供给的变动对长期利率和实际产出没有影三、什么是恶性通货膨胀，可能导致恶性通货膨胀的原因以及应对措施。
恶性通货膨胀又称“超速通货膨胀”，是三位数以上的通货膨胀。
指流通货币量的增长速度大大超过货币流通速度的增长，货币购买力急剧下降，物价水平加速上升，整体物价水平以极高速度快速上涨的现象，使民众对货币价值失去信心.由于货币的流通量增加快速,使货币变得没有价值时，人们会急于要以货币换取实物,人心惶惶的结果只会更加速通货膨胀的恶化，整体经济濒临崩溃边缘。
恶性通货膨胀是一种不能控制的通货膨胀，在物价很快地上涨的情况下，就使货币失去价值.在社会经济发展和运行中，如果某一国家或地区出现了恶性的通货膨胀、剧烈的汇率波动或严重的地区政治冲突,其发行的信用货币（纸币）将存在很大的风险。
国际经济学试卷试题包括答案.docx
《国际经济学》选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。
国际经济学试题及答案（题库）
国际经济学试题及答案（题库）国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。
2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。
3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。
4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。
5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。
6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。
7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。
第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。
3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。
6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。
7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。
8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。
9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。
选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。
国际经济学题库(含参考答案)
国际经济学题库（含参考答案）一、单选题（共50题，每题1分，共50分）1、区域一体化组织中最松散、最低级的形式是（）A、关税同盟B、自由贸易区C、共同市场D、优惠贸易安排正确答案：D2、要素价格均等化表明（）A、一国丰富要素所有者受益，稀缺要素所有者受损B、一国丰富要素所有者受损，稀缺要素所有者受益C、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益D、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益正确答案：A3、下列不属于关税同盟动态效应的是（）A、大市场效应B、加剧竞争C、吸引外资D、贸易创造效应正确答案：D4、如果开放前一国X产品的相对价格低于其贸易伙伴，则贸易后该国（）A、进口 X产品B、生产者福利增加C、整体福利下降D、消费者福利增加正确答案：B5、下列（）会给本国带来较大的贸易创造效应。
A、本国对贸易商品的供给弹性较大B、本国对成员国的初始关税较大C、本国与成员国之间贸易商品的成本差别较大D、本国对贸易商品的需求弹性较小正确答案：D6、初级产品的出口价格若下降，其出口量将增加，出口总收入（）A、不变B、增加C、下降D、不确定正确答案：C7、马歇尔一勒纳条件所要说明的是在供给弹性（）的情况下，本币贬值能够改善贸易收支的进出口需求弹性条件。
A、零B、无穷大C、1D^大于零小于1正确答案：B8、假设中国和美国都能生产小麦和布，中国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产50米；全部生产小麦，可以生产80千克；美国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产40米；全部生产小麦，可以生产 100千克。
如果开放后的国际交换比价为1米布=L 8千克小麦，则下列说法正确的是（）A、无法比较美国和中国的获利情况B、中国从贸易开放中获利更多C、美国和中国从贸易开放中获利相同D、美国从贸易开放中获利更多正确答案：D9、下列不属于国际收支平衡表资本项目的是（）A、利息收支B、短期信贷C、短期证券买卖D、票据买卖正确答案：A10、消费者剩余是（）A、消费者为了商品的消费而必须向政府支付的东西B、消费者通过低于市场价格的价格而得到的收益C、消费者购买商品所需支付的价格低于其愿意支付的价格而获得的收益D、消费者可以在各种价格水平得到的收益正确答案：C11、外汇市场中的即期交易不包含（）A、套汇B、投机C、国际贸易结算D、银行同业拆借正确答案：B12、如果一个中国工人能生产3匹布或者1辆汽车，一个美国工人能生产4匹布或2辆汽车，则能促进中国与美国进行贸易并各自收益的交换比率是（）A、4匹布换2辆汽车B、3匹布换1辆汽车C、3匹布换2辆汽车D、5匹布换2辆汽车正确答案：D13、国际经济学的研究对象是（）A、国际商品流动B、国际收支平衡C、世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置D^国际人员流动正确答案：C14、根据国民收入决定方程Y=C+I+G+X-M,国际收支的吸收分析法中的“吸收”是指（）A、YB、C+IC、C+I+GD、X-M正确答案：C15、开放经济条件下的宏观经济政策目标是（）A、追求贸易顺差B、汇率稳定C、扩大出口D、国际收支平衡正确答案：D16、在进行贸易后，一国的收入分配会发生如下变化，（）A、收入由消费者转向生产者B、受到进口商品竞争压力的国内生产者遭受损失，而出口商品的生产者则会受益C、消费者受损，生产者受益D、作为整体的国家受益，而个人则会受到损失正确答案：B17、商品和服务贸易记录在国际收支平衡表中的（）A、经常项目B、误差和遗漏项目C、官方结算项目D、资本项目正确答案：A18、下列哪个行业最有可能具有内部规模经济？（）A、好莱坞的电影业B、加州硅谷的半导体产业C、美国的大型农场D、北京中关村的电脑城正确答案：C19、采用（）的配额分配方式，配额的福利效果与关税一样。
国际经济学试题及答案
国际经济学试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是：A. 国际贸易B. 国际金融C. 国际投资D. 全球化答案：A2. 比较优势理论是由哪位经济学家提出的？A. 大卫·李嘉图B. 亚当·斯密C. 约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯D. 阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔答案：A3. 根据赫克歇尔-俄林理论，一个国家会专门生产并出口其：A. 劳动力密集型商品B. 资本密集型商品C. 技术密集型商品D. 资源密集型商品答案：B4. 汇率波动对国际贸易的影响主要体现在：A. 价格竞争力B. 贸易政策C. 贸易壁垒D. 贸易协定答案：A5. 国际货币基金组织（IMF）的主要职能不包括：A. 监督成员国的经济政策B. 提供短期贷款以解决国际收支不平衡C. 促进国际贸易自由化D. 为成员国提供技术援助答案：C6. 世界贸易组织（WTO）的主要目标是：A. 促进全球经济增长B. 减少全球贫困C. 促进国际贸易自由化D. 维护世界和平答案：C7. 根据购买力平价理论，如果一国的货币贬值，那么该国的：A. 出口会增加B. 进口会增加C. 出口和进口都会增加D. 出口和进口都不会增加答案：A8. 国际直接投资（FDI）与国际间接投资的主要区别在于：A. 投资规模B. 投资期限C. 投资方式D. 投资回报答案：C9. 跨国公司在全球范围内进行生产和销售活动，其主要目的是：A. 降低成本B. 增加市场份额C. 规避贸易壁垒D. 所有上述选项答案：D10. 国际经济一体化的主要形式不包括：A. 自由贸易区B. 共同市场C. 关税同盟D. 双边贸易协定答案：D二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 以下哪些因素会影响一个国家的贸易模式？A. 资源禀赋B. 技术水平C. 消费者偏好D. 贸易政策答案：ABCD2. 国际收支平衡表主要包括以下哪些部分？A. 经常账户B. 资本和金融账户C. 储备资产D. 政府预算答案：ABC3. 以下哪些是国际经济一体化的积极效应？A. 贸易创造B. 规模经济C. 投资自由化D. 货币贬值答案：ABC4. 国际货币体系的主要功能包括：A. 提供稳定的汇率B. 促进国际贸易和投资C. 维护国际金融稳定D. 促进全球经济增长答案：ABC5. 国际金融市场的主要参与者包括：A. 银行B. 跨国公司C. 政府D. 个人投资者答案：ABCD三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述绝对优势理论和比较优势理论的主要区别。
国际经济学试题及答案
国际经济学试题及答案### 国际经济学试题及答案#### 一、选择题1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是什么？- A. 国际贸易的产生和发展- B. 国际资本流动- C. 国家间的经济关系- D. 国际经济政策的制定答案：C2. 根据比较优势理论，以下哪项不是国家进行贸易的原因？ - A. 资源分配的不均- B. 技术差异- C. 消费偏好的多样性- D. 生产效率的差异答案：C3. 以下哪个不是国际收支平衡表中的项目？- A. 经常账户- B. 资本和金融账户- C. 政府预算账户- D. 错误和遗漏账户答案：C#### 二、简答题1. 简述绝对优势理论的基本内容。
绝对优势理论由亚当·斯密提出，认为如果一个国家在生产某种商品上比其他国家更有效率，即生产成本更低，那么这个国家在该商品上具有绝对优势。
根据这一理论，具有绝对优势的国家应该专门生产并出口其具有绝对优势的商品，同时进口其他国家具有绝对优势的商品，从而实现资源的最优配置和国际贸易的互利。
2. 什么是保护主义？保护主义对国际贸易有何影响？保护主义是一种经济政策，旨在通过关税、配额、补贴等手段保护国内产业免受外国竞争的影响。
保护主义可能会提高国内产业的竞争力，但同时也可能导致资源配置效率降低，增加消费者成本，限制国际贸易的发展，并可能引发贸易战，对全球经济产生负面影响。
#### 三、计算题1. 假设一个国家生产小麦和玉米，生产一单位小麦需要4小时劳动，生产一单位玉米需要2小时劳动。
另一个国家生产一单位小麦需要6小时劳动，生产一单位玉米需要3小时劳动。
请计算两国的比较优势，并说明它们应该如何进行贸易。
- 第一个国家生产小麦的机会成本是0.5单位玉米（4小时/2小时），生产玉米的机会成本是2单位小麦（2小时/4小时）。
- 第二个国家生产小麦的机会成本是2单位玉米（6小时/3小时），生产玉米的机会成本是0.5单位小麦（3小时/6小时）。
第一个国家在生产小麦上有比较优势，因为它的机会成本较低（0.5 vs 2）。
国际经济学试题-精选稿(教师用-含部分答案)-
国际经济学精选习题集第一部分国际贸易理论第1章绪论一、单项选择题1．国际经济学在研究资源配置时，划分的基本经济单位是（D）A.企业B.个人C.政府D.国家2．国际经济学研究的对象是（B）A.国际商品流动B.世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置C.国际收支平衡D.国际人员流动3．从国际间经济资源流动的难易度看，流动最容易的是（B）A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术二、判断分析题1．国际经济学是建立在微观经济学与宏观经济学基础之上的一门分支科学。
√。
大部分国际经济学应用了宏微观经济学的一般原理，如无差异曲线、需求曲线、企业产量按照MR=MC确定等，但是国际经济学理论本身也获得了许多理论性的进步。
在此基础上的国际经济学研究又推动了一般经济学理论研究方法的发展。
第2章比较优势原理一、单项选择题1．比较优势理论认为，国际贸易的驱动力是（A）。
A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异2．从15世纪初到18世纪中叶，在国际贸易和国际收支理论方面占主导地位的是（A）。
A.重商主义B.重农主义C.重金主义D.自由放任主义3．绝对成本学说是比较成本学说的（C）。
A.同一形式B.发展形式C.特殊形式D.理论形式4．亚当·斯密的绝对优势理论认为（C）。
A.所有产品均具有绝对优势的国家最终将获得全部黄金和白银B.具有绝对优势的国家将获得大量贸易余额C.如果两个国家分别出口本国劳动成本相对较低的产品，将同时从贸易中获益D.如果一国不用关税壁垒保护本国产业将丧失绝对优势5．李嘉图比较优势理论指出（B）。
A.贸易导致不完全专业化B.即使一个国家不具备绝对成本优势，也可从出口绝对成本劣势相对较小的产品中获益C.与不具备绝对成本优势的国家相比，具有绝对成本优势的国家可以从贸易中获利更多D.只有具备计较优势的国家才能获得贸易余额6．根据比较成本说，一国从国际贸易中获益的条件是（B）。
A.创造大量贸易顺差B.以较低的机会成本进口商品而不在国内生产C.本国比贸易伙伴国强大D.本国相对于贸易伙伴具备绝对效率优势7．在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价（C）。
国际经济学试题及答案
国际经济学试题及答案一、选择题1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是什么？A. 国内经济政策B. 国际贸易与投资C. 国际货币体系D. 国际政治关系答案：B2. 根据比较优势理论，一个国家应该专门生产并出口什么？A. 其资源最丰富的商品B. 其生产成本最低的商品C. 其技术最先进的商品D. 其劳动力成本最低的商品答案：B3. 以下哪项不是贸易保护主义的措施？A. 关税B. 配额C. 出口补贴D. 进口许可证答案：C二、简答题1. 简述绝对优势理论的基本内容。
答案：绝对优势理论由亚当·斯密提出，主张一个国家应该生产并出口其生产效率最高的商品，进口其生产效率最低的商品。
该理论认为，即使一个国家在所有商品的生产上都没有绝对优势，它仍然可以通过专业化生产效率相对较高的商品来获得贸易利益。
2. 什么是国际收支平衡表？答案：国际收支平衡表是一个记录一个国家与其他国家之间所有经济交易的统计报表。
它包括经常账户、资本和金融账户以及官方储备账户。
经常账户记录商品和服务的交易，资本和金融账户记录资本流动和金融资产的交易，官方储备账户记录中央银行的外汇储备变动。
三、论述题1. 论述汇率变动对国际贸易的影响。
答案：汇率变动对国际贸易有重要影响。
当一个国家的货币升值时，其出口商品在国际市场上的价格上升，竞争力下降，导致出口减少；同时，进口商品的价格下降，国内消费者更倾向于购买外国商品，导致进口增加。
相反，当一个国家的货币贬值时，其出口商品的价格下降，竞争力增强，促进出口；进口商品的价格上升，抑制进口。
此外，汇率变动还会影响跨国公司的投资决策，因为投资成本和收益会随着汇率变动而变化。
2. 分析全球化对发展中国家的影响。
答案：全球化为发展中国家带来了机遇和挑战。
机遇方面，全球化促进了资本、技术和信息的流动，为发展中国家提供了更多的市场机会和投资机会，有助于提高生产效率和经济增长。
挑战方面，全球化加剧了国际竞争，对发展中国家的产业和就业产生压力，可能导致收入差距扩大。
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国际经济学试卷(A)
一、选择题（2x15=30，每题只有一个正确答案）
1、如果dx、sx、dm和sm分别代表出口产品的需求弹性、出口产品的供给弹性、进口产品的需求弹性和进口产品的供给弹性，则马歇尔—勒纳条件用公式表示为（）A．｜dx+dm｜>1 B．｜dx+sx｜>1
C．｜dm+sm｜>1 D．｜sx+sm｜>1
2. “贫困化增长”的一个必要条件为：（）
A．国家的增长偏向于出口产业。
B．外国对该国的出口需求具有价格弹性。
C．国家的消费偏好高度偏向于出口商品。
D．贸易在国民经济中比重不大。
3、从国际贸易对生产要素收入分配的短期影响来看，自由贸易会导致（）
A．生产进口竞争品部门使用的专门生产要素收入水平提高
B．生产进口竞争品部门使用的共同生产要素收入水平下降
C．生产出口品部门使用的共同生产要素收入水平提高
D．生产出口品部门使用的专门生产要素收入水平提高
4、在商品的国际比价保持不变的情况下，偏向出口的生产要素增长会（）
A．扩大出口品生产规模B．扩大进口品生产规模
C．使贸易规模保持不变D．使贸易规模缩减
5、在货币主义的汇率决定理论中，与本币价值负相关的变量是（）。