高中英语 现在分词与过去分词 讲解与练习
(2021年整理)高中英语现在分词与过去分词讲解与练习
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去分词讲解与练习编辑整理:张嬗雒老师尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是我们任然希望 (完整版）高中英语现在分词与过去分词讲解与练习这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利.同时我们也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈到下面的留言区,这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请下载收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为 <（完整版)高中英语现在分词与过去分词讲解与练Lesson 6 现在分词与过去分词一、非谓语动词的分类：1.不定式（to do ）__________________________2.动名词（——ing）_________________________3.现在分词(-—ing）________________________4.过去分词(--ed）______________________二、分词作表语1）现在分词做表语，说明主语的_____，相当于________，主语通常是____The film is ______. The music is ________.The news sounds ___________2)过去分词做表语，说明主语的_____，主语通常是_____We are ______ by the movie.He felt _________to meet us here.They are _________with the result。
高中英语现在分词过去分词的用法辨别 精华
高中英语现在分词，过去分词用法讲义及练习要点回顾：①现在分词—结构及时态，语态意义②-成分：定语（逻主：被修饰词）表语（逻主：主语）补语包括宾补（逻主：宾语）和主补（逻主：主语）状语（逻主：一般为主句的主语，若不一致，须把分词本身的主语补出，放在分词前面）③--区分点：⑴定语—放于一个n./pron.（短语）前或后，且与该词产生修饰关系。
如：falling leaves , the boy being punishedThe famous painter, being reported on the TV, has been awarded Nobel prize.⑵表语—放于系动词后，构成系表结构，且说明主语的性质和特征。
如：The story is interesting .⑶补语—补出说明宾语/主语的内容意义。
宾补放在宾语后，主补放在谓语动词后。
如:She saw the thief being caught by the police.The thief was seen breaking into a house.⑷状语：与主句之间有逗号隔开，放于句首或句末。
与主句形成时间，地点原因，方式，让步，伴随等逻辑关系。
④做题步骤：⒈读题，分析题意⒉判断成分⒊找出语态(根据与逻辑主语之间的语态关系判断)⒋找出时态（根据句子中谓语的时态或者时间状语判断）另外：①V+ing 还有另外一个名字哦：动名词！只能做句子的主语，宾语，表语，补语。
② V+ed 又名： done ,过去分词。
成分，区分点，做题步骤均跟V+ing 相同。
不同点在于：V+ed 时态上表示已经完成，语态上表示被动。
如： the injured workers 受伤的工人。
（单个分词前置）a book written by Lu Xun （分词短语后置）a broken glass 一个被打破了的杯子。
（及物动词的过去分词表示被动、完成）a retired teacher （不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成）小练笔：看看你理解掌握了哪些？一．比较下列1.2.3题，选出最合适的答案1._____ from the top of the TV tower, we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See2.____ from the top of the TV tower, the city got more beautiful.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See3．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See再试试其他题吧：1. All things _____, the planned trip will have to be called off.A. be consideredB. consideringC. having consideredD. considered2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.A. being foundedB. FoundedC. It was foundedD. Founding3. _____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given4. ____ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.A. LeavingB. LeftC. To be leftD. Having left5. ______ in a friendly way, their quarrel came to an end.A. Being settledB. Having settledC. SettledD. Settling6. He must be angry, for we heard the glass ____ on the floor.A, being broken B. break C. to be break D. broken7.____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing. (00,1)A) To look B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at8, You will see this product ____ wherever you go. (00,6)A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising9.From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they were made in Song Dynasty.A) marking B) having been marked C) marked D) to be marked10.She stood by the window, ____.A) thinking B) think C) thought D) thinks11.____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door.A) Not wishing B) Wishing C) Not wished D) No wishing12.The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____ a stick for support.A) held B) holding C) being holding D) was holding13.____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.A) having defeated B) To have defeatedC) having been defeated D) To have been defeated14.I understood you were third-year students ____ in English.A) who majors B) who major is C) have majored D) majoring15.A cool rain was falling, ___ with snow. A) mixed B) mixing C) to mix D) having mixed16.____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.A) Surrounded B) Surrounding C) having surrounded D) To be surrounded17.All the exam papers ____, the teacher sent the class home.A) having been handed in B) having hands in C) handing in D) being handed in18.___ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.A) having lived B) Lived C) Living D) To live19.Any packet ____ properly will not be accepted by the post office.A) not to be wrapped B) not being wrappedC) not wrapped D) not having been wrapped20.He was sitting in the chair, ____ a book. A) read B) was reading C) readingD) with reading。
过去分词讲解及习题(附答案)
过去分词讲解及习题（附答案）过去分词的用法有两个特点：一是表示完成，二是表示被动。
规则动词的过去分词在动词原形后加“ed”构成，不规则动词的过去分词变化见不规则动词表。
1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语, 与句子主语是被动关系, 表示主语的状态, 既表示被动,又表示完成。
The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语, 与句子主语是主动关系, 表示主语的状态, 只表示动作的完成。
He is retired. 他已退休。
3. 有些过去分词作表语时, 构成的谓语很接近被动结构。
过去分词作表语The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。
【注意】过去分词作表语与作被动句谓语的区别: 过去分词作表语, 主要是表示主语的状态, 而作被动句谓语则表示动作。
The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。
(是被动语态, 表示动作)(2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。
(过去分词作表语)【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行. 有些动词如：interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人, 用 -ing 形式来修饰物.(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣, 我对它很感兴趣。
过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词, 其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。
及物动词的过去分词作定语, 既表被动又表完成; 不及物动词的过去分词作定语, 只表完成。
1. 过去分词用作定语, 如果是单个的, 常置于其所修饰的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.2. 过去分词短语用作定语时, 一般置于其所修饰的名词之后, 其意义相当于一个定语从句, 但较从句简洁, 多用于书面语中。
过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧解析
过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧解析过去分词和现在分词是英语语法中常用的两种非谓语动词形式。
它们在句子中具有较为灵活多样的用法，能够为句子赋予不同的语法功能和修饰作用。
本文将就过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧进行解析。
一、过去分词的用法技巧1. 作为形容词修饰名词过去分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词，表示名词的状态、属性或感受等。
例如：- a broken window（一个破碎的窗户）- a excited child（一个激动的孩子）- a surprised look（一个吃惊的神情）2. 与连系动词连用过去分词与连系动词（如be, seem, appear等）连用，构成系表结构，表示主语的状态或特征。
例如：- The book is written by a famous writer.（这本书是由一位著名作家所写的）- She seemed lost in thought.（她似乎陷入沉思中）3. 作为介词的宾语过去分词可以作为介词的宾语，表示动作的被动、完成或结果。
例如：- He is proud of having won the competition.（他为自己赢得了比赛而感到骄傲）- I am tired of being treated unfairly.（我厌倦了受到不公平对待）4. 与情态动词连用过去分词与情态动词（如can, could, may, might等）连用，表示对过去某一动作或状态的推测或假设。
例如：- He may have finished his homework.（他可能已经完成了作业）- She could have missed the train.（她可能错过了火车）二、现在分词的用法技巧1. 作为形容词修饰名词现在分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词，表示名词的特点、特征或状态等。
例如：- a running river（一条流动的河流）- a smiling face（一个微笑的脸）2. 作为主动语态的非谓语动词现在分词可以独立担任主语、宾语或表语等成分，表示某个正在进行的动作或状态。
现在分词与过去分词讲解及练习
现在分词与过去分词讲解及练习-ing分词、-ed分词一、注意点1、否定形式（前面加not）Not given a chance, he felt disappointed.Not knowing what to do, he turned to me for help.2、不及物动词、连系动词常用现在分词做定语、状语等；及物动词常用过去分词。
There are many events happening in the world everyday.provide help for the people going hungry.the remained books3、现在分词表动作的主动或正在发生；过去分词表动作的被动或已经完成。
the falling/ fallen leaves the boiling/ boiled water the rising/ risen sunthe developed/ developing countries a polluted river a sleeping boy4、分词不具有名词特征，不可做主语或宾语。
（定语、表语、状语、宾补/主补）Participating in various social activities is beneficial to our future. (动名词)Praised in public made him shy. (错)Being praised in public made him shy.二、做定语/表语1、和定语从句的转换The student who is sleeping has suffered a high fever.The sleeping student has suffered a high fever.Those who have drunk the water which is polluted may get poisoned.Those who have drunk the polluted water may get poisoned.2、单个分词做定语常置于名词之前；分词短语常置于名词之后。
高中英语分词分为现在分词和过去分词知识点分析人教版选修
分词 分为现在分词和过去分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
1、现在分词的形式： 否定式：not + 现在分词现在分词（1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。
They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。
篮球。
（2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动 词之前的被动的动作。
词之前的被动的动作。
The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
要。
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
2．现在分词的句法功能：（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后，相当于定语从句。
In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。
更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
①现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years 也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking tothe teacher 可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.②现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行或几乎同时若两个动作有先有后要用定语从句这时常用完成式。
现在分词与过去分词的区别与用法解析
现在分词与过去分词的区别与用法解析现在分词和过去分词是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式。
它们在形态和用法上有一些不同之处。
本文将详细解析这两种形式的区别和用法。
一、形态上的区别1. 现在分词的形态现在分词的形态是动词的-ing形式，例如：working, playing, eating 等。
当动词作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和谓语等时，常用现在分词形式。
2. 过去分词的形态过去分词的形态通常是在动词原形的基础上加上-ed、-d、-en、-t等词尾，例如：worked, played, eaten等。
过去分词在完成时态和被动语态中常作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。
二、用法上的区别1. 现在分词的用法（1）作主语：现在分词可以作为主语出现在句子中，表示正在进行或经常性的动作。
例如："Reading books is my hobby."（阅读书籍是我的爱好。
）（2）作定语：现在分词可以修饰名词作定语，常表示主动、进行或经常性的动作。
例如："The running water is very clear."（流动的水非常清澈。
）（3）作宾语补足语：现在分词可以作及物动词的宾语补足语，表示正在进行或经常性的动作。
例如："I saw him painting the house."（我看见他正在刷房子。
）2. 过去分词的用法（1）作主语：过去分词可以作为主语出现在句子中，表示完成的动作或状态。
例如："Broken glass covered the ground."（破碎的玻璃铺满了地面。
）（2）作定语：过去分词可以修饰名词作定语，表示被动或完成的动作。
例如："The lost key has been found."（丢失的钥匙已经找到了。
）（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词可以作及物动词的宾语补足语，表示完成的动作或状态。
高中英语现在分词讲解及练习
现在分词Form:⏹doing⏹having done(先后关系现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。
Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词,并指出它在句中做何成分。
1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting.2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.3. Having finished his homework, he went out.4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward.5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing.现在分词做定语:Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office.They had some overseas working experience.2. The people take part in a variety of exerciseThey can keep healthy.3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds.The seeds help farmers grow better crops.4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward.These people live in cities.5.Do you know the boy?He is standing under the tree.6. The spiders store the mice for later.The mice serve as a source of food.Exercise: compareThe swimming pool is clean and big.The swimming boy is his brother.The big writing desk is very expensive.The writing student is Tom’s classmate.现在分词作状语:时间,条件,伴随方式,原因,结果Exercise: rewrite the sentences1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy.2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool.3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand.4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football.以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。
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Lesson 6 现在分词与过去分词一、非谓语动词的分类：1.不定式(to do ) __________________________2.动名词（--ing）_________________________3.现在分词(--ing)________________________4.过去分词（--ed）______________________二、分词作表语1）现在分词做表语，说明主语的_____，相当于________，主语通常是____The film is ______. The music is ________.The news sounds ___________2)过去分词做表语，说明主语的_____, 主语通常是_____ We are ______ by the movie.He felt _________to meet us here.They are _________with the result.常见的加-ing, 或-ed转化为形容词用的动词原形：surprise, excite, interest, bore, disappoint, encourage, worry, delight, move, satisfy…1. The news that our team won the game is very ___A. encouragingB. encouragedC. encourageD. to encourage2. His father seems ____ with his score.A. pleaseB. pleasedC. pleasingD. please3. Students got ____ when they saw the star.A. exciteB. excitingC. excitedD. excitedly三、分词作定语（可转化为定语从句）1)现在分词做定语，表示______意义，与做修饰词语形成______关系.The man ________ the car is my father.Who is the man _________ in the room?2) 过去分词做定语，表示_______意义，与所修饰词语形成_______ 关系.The building ____ last year can hold more than 1000 people. We should change the _______ window.Money ________ on books is necessary.1. Ten years ago, there was a man _____ in that house.A. livedB. livingC. liveD. was living2. The girl _____ down by the car is dying.A. knockB. knockingC. knockedD. to knock3. Island is a piece of land ____ by water.A. surroundedB. surroundingC. to be surroundedD. being surround4. The first book ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written5. Do you know the boy ____under the tree.A. layB. lainC. layingD. lying6. The guests ,_____ by some artists, came out of the hall.A. followingB. to followC. followedD. to be followed7. The computer center _____ last year, is very popular.A. openB. openingC. having openedD. opened8. The child _____ at the hospital yesterday was seriously ill.A. to examineB. examinedC. examineD. examing四、分词作感官动词和使役动词的宾补感官动词：see, observe, notice, watch, hear, smell, listen to, look at, feel, find等使役动词：catch, set, have, make, let, get, leave, keep等1）感官动词/使役动词+宾语+ 现在分词表示__________________________________________ She smelt something ________.I found those students ________.I have kept you__________ for a long time.They caught him ______something wrong.2）感官动词/使役动词+宾语+ 过去分词表示__________________________________________He heard his name _______I found the city greatly ______.Many people have their hair _______.1. The next morning, she found the man _____ in the bed,dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying2. We had the machine _____ just now.A. mendedB. mendingC. mendD. to mend3. I can’t speak English, I couldn’t make myself ____ when Ivisited America last year.A. understandB. understoodC. understandingD. to understand4. I have someone ____ the bike for you.A. repairedB. repairingC. repairD. to repair五、分词作状语1）分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句中主语一致现在分词_______ the good news, he jumped up with joy.________ in the street, I met an old friend._________________ his homework, the boy went out._______ a student, you must study hard______________ the rules, you will obey them easily.The students went home, _______________________.He came __________ into the room.过去分词__________into English, the sentence has a different order. ___ from the top of the hill, the school looks more beautiful. ____________ to speak, you had better keep silent._______in the country, he couldn’t live happily in the city. He marched up the steps , closely ____________ by Tom.1. ____ his dinner, the boy rushed out.A. eatB. to eatC. Having eatingD. eating2. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given3. ____ from a distance, the Opera Hall looks like a ship.A. SeeingB. SeenC. To seeD. See4. _____ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. A. Not knowing B. known notC. knowing notD. not known2）独立成分作状语有些分词作状语，其形式不受上下文的影响。
______________his accent, he is from the south._____________ your health, you’d better have a rest._________________, the novel is not very inspiring.常用于这种结构的固定搭配：generally speaking, frankly speaking, judging from, considering, taking…into consideration, seeing, supposing, providing, assuming, given, admitting, provided that, compared to/ with1. _____ the price to be low, will you buy it?A. SupposingB. SupposedC. To supposingD. Suppose2. ____ this film, it’s wonderful.A. Talk toB. Talking toC. Talked to D To be talked3．____, this essay needs revising.A. Strict speakingB. Strictly speakingC. Strict spokenD. Strictly spoken3）独立主格结构独立主格结构的谓语与句子的主语不同独立主格结构一般有逗号隔开Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. Mary coming back, they discussed it together.Advice falling, we have to use force.The test finished, we began our holiday.1.Jack offered us a big meal when he was leaving theoffice, but our work ______, we refused the offer.A. not finishedB. had not been finishedC. not having been finishedD. wasn’t finished2. The five-year-old boy______, the whole family burst intotears A. kidnap B. kidnappedC. was kidnappedD. was kidnapping现在分词与过去分词综合练习题1._____ a reply, he decided to write again.A. Not receivingB. ReceivingC. Not having receivedD. Having not received2. How do deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?The key to ____ the problem is to meet the demand ___ by the customers.A. to solving, makingB. to solving, madeC. to solve, makingD. to solve, made3. ____ by the beauty of the nature, the girl from London decided another two days on the farm.A. AttractingB. AttractedC. To be attractedD. Having attracted4. “Things ____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost5. Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _____ in a short period.A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improve6. The glass door have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _____ in the natural light during the day.A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let7. Though ___ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lackingC. lacking ofD. lacked of8. Subway Line 4, ____ into use in September 2009, has made traveling in Beijing easier.A. having been putB. puttingC. being putD. put9. _____ by the recovering world economy, the oil price has been rising rapidly.A. DrivenB. To be drivenC. To driveD. Having driven10. In Britain and in other European countries, certain buildings, ______ particularly beautiful or historically important, are protected by law.A. considerB. consideringC. to considerD. considered11. ______ fierce competition for the Internet, public libraries are being told to take some steps or they may not.A. FaceB. FacingC. To faceD. Faced12. All books ____ to the library more than threes days late will be subject to a fine.A. returnB. returningC. returnedD. to return13. _____ in the countryside, though living in the town, he ____ his home village all the time.A. Brought up, has still thought ofB. Being brought up , is still thinking ofC. Having been brought up, still thinks ofD. Brought up, is still thinking of14. Yesterday I received a letter from Sue ____ me that she was studying at Oxford University.A. tellingB. toldC. to tellD. having told15. ____ form the appearance, it is vey peaceful, but in fact,a great event will break out soon.A. JudgingB. JudgeC. JudgedD. To judge16. When we visited my old family home, memory came ____ back A. flooding B. to floodC. floodD. floodedLesson 6 现在分词与过去分词一、非谓语动词的分类：5.不定式(to do ) __________________________6.动名词（--ing）_________________________7.现在分词(--ing)________________________8.过去分词（--ed）______________________二、分词作表语1）现在分词做表语，说明主语的_____，相当于________，主语通常是____The film is moving. The music is pleasing.The news sounds encouraging.2)过去分词做表语，说明主语的_____, 主语通常是_____ We are moved by the movie.He felt surprised to meet us here.They are satisfied with the result.常见的加-ing, 或-ed转化为形容词用的动词原形：surprise, excite, interest, bore, disappoint, encourage, worry, delight, move, satisfy…1. The news that our team won the game is very ___A. encouragingB. encouragedC. encourageD. to encourage2. His father seems ____ with his score.A. pleaseB. pleasedC. pleasingD. please3. Students got ____ when they saw the star.A. exciteB. excitingC. excitedD. excitedly三、分词作定语（可转化为定语从句）1)现在分词做定语，表示______意义，与做修饰词语形成______关系.The man driving the car is my father.Who is the man living in the room?2) 过去分词做定语，表示_______意义，与所修饰词语形成_______ 关系.The building built last year can hold more than 1000 people. We should change the broken window.Money spent on books is necessary.1. Ten years ago, there was a man _____ in that house.A. livedB. livingC. liveD. was living2. The girl _____ down by the car is dying.A. knockB. knockingC. knockedD. to knock3. Island is a piece of land ____ by water.A. surroundedB. surroundingC. to be surroundedD. being surround4. The first book ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written5. Do you know the boy ____under the tree.A. layB. lainC. layingD. lying6. The guests ,_____ by some artists, came out of the hall.A. followingB. to followC. followedD. to be followed7. The computer center _____ last year, is very popular.A. openB. openingC. having openedD. opened8. The child _____ at the hospital yesterday was seriously ill.A. to examineB. examinedC. examineD. examing四、分词作感官动词和使役动词的宾补感官动词：see, observe, notice, watch, hear, smell, listen to, look at, feel, find等使役动词：catch, set, have, make, let, get, leave, keep等1）感官动词/使役动词+宾语+ 现在分词表示__________________________________________ She smelt something burning.I found those students studying.I have kept you waiting for a long time.They caught him doing something wrong.2）感官动词/使役动词+宾语+ 过去分词表示__________________________________________He heard his name calledI found the city greatly changed.Many people have their hair colored.1. The next morning, she found the man _____ in the bed,dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying2. We had the machine _____ just now.A. mendedB. mendingC. mendD. to mend3. I can’t speak English, I couldn’t make myself ____ when Ivisited America last year.A. understandB. understoodC. understandingD. to understand4. I have someone ____ the bike for you.A. repairedB. repairingC. repairD. to repair五、分词作状语1）分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句中主语一致现在分词Hearing the good news, he jumped up with joy.Walking in the street, I met an old friend.Having finished his homework, the boy went out.Being a student, you must study hardUnderstanding the rules, you will obey them easily.The students went home, laughing and talking.He came running into the room.过去分词Translated into English, the sentence has a different order. Seen from the top of the hill, the school looks more beautiful.Not asked to speak, you had better keep silent.Born in the country, he couldn’t live happily in the city.He marched up the steps , closely followed by Tom.1. ____ his dinner, the boy rushed out.A. eatB. to eatC. Having eatingD. eating2. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given3. ____ from a distance, the Opera Hall looks like a ship.A. SeeingB. SeenC. To seeD. See4. _____ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. A. Not knowing B. known notC. knowing notD. not known2）独立成分作状语有些分词作状语，其形式不受上下文的影响。