上海市六校2017届高三3月联考英语试题

2017届高三第二次六校联考调研试卷英语Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary (第二大题每小题1分，共20分)Section ADirection: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct . For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word, for the other blanks , use one word that best fits each blank.On the morning of September 11, 2001, computer sales manager Michael Hingson , who is blind , went early to his office on the 78th floor of the North Tower of the World Trade Center to prepare for a meeting . As Michael worked , his guide dog , a Labrador retriever _______(name) Roselle, dozed by his feet.At 8:46 a.m, a tremendous boom rocked the building , eliciting screams throughout the floor . Michael grabbed Roselle , trusting that the dog _______(lead) out of the danger, and they navigated their way to a stairwell.“Forward,” Machael instructed , and they descended the first of 1,463 steps to the lobby._______ about ten floors , the stairwell grew crowded and hot ,and the fumes from jet fuel had made it hard to breathe. When a woman became crazy , yelling that they wouldn’t make it. Roselle accompanied the woman ________she finally petted the dog , calmed herself , and kept walking down the stairs.Around the 30th floor, firefighters started passing Michael on their way up . Each one stopped to offer him assistance. He declined but let Roselle be petted, _____ (provide) many of the firefighters with _______ would be their last experience of unconditional love.After about 45 minutes ,Michael and Roselle reached _____ booby ,and 15 minutes later ,they emerged outside to a scene of chaos . Suddenly the police yelled for everyone to run as the South Tower began to collapse.Michael kept a tig ht grip on Roselle’s harness , using voice and hand commands, as they ran to a street opposite the crumbling tower . The street bounced like a trampoline , and “a deafening roar” like a hellish freight train filled the air. Hours later , Michael andRoselle made it home safely . At that moment , they thought they were _______(lucky ) in the world.In 2004, Roselle developed a blood disorder , ______ prevented her from guiding and touring . She died in 2011.“ I ‘ve had many other dogs ,” Mechael wrote ,“but there is only one Roselle.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.For thousands of commuting students, Chabot was our Columbia, Annapolis, even our Sorbonne, offering courses in physics, stenography, auto mechanics, ___31___ public accounting, foreign languages, journalism—name the art or science, the subject or trade, and it was probably in the ___32___. The college had a nursing program that churned out graduates, sports teams that funneled athletes to big-time programs, and parking for a few thousand cars—all ___33___, but for the effort and the cost of used textbooks.Classmates included veterans back from Vietnam, women of every marital and maternal status returning to school, middle-aged men wanting to improve their employment ___34___ and paybacks. We could get our general education requirement out of the way at Chabot—credits we could ___35___ to a university—which made those two years an invaluable head start. I was able to go on to the California State University in Sacramento (at $95 a semester, just ___36___ affordable) and study no other subject but my major, theater arts. (After a year there I moved on, enrolling in a little thing called the School of Hard Knocks, a.k.a. Life.)“By some fluke of the punch-card computer era, I made Chabot’s dean’s list taking classes I loved (oral interpretation), classes I hesitated (health, a requirement), classes I aced, and classes I ___37___ after the first hour (astronomy, because it was all math). I nearly failed zoology, killing my fruit flies by neglect, but got lucky in an English course, “The College Reading Experience.” The books of Carlos Castaneda were incomprehensible to me (and still are), but my___38___ presentation on the analytic process called structural dynamics was hailed as clear and concise, though I did nothing more than embellish the definition I had looked up in the dictionary.A public-speaking class was unforgettable for a couple of reasons. First, the assignments forced us to get over our ___39___. Second, another student was a stewardess, as flight attendants called themselves in the 70’s. She was studying communications and was gorgeous. She lived not far from me, and when my VW threw a rod and was in the shop for a week, she offered me a lift to class. I rode shotgun that Monday-Wednesday-Friday, ___40___ tongue-tied. Communicating with her one-on-one was the antithesis of public speaking.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When buying a smart phone, I keep my criteria simple. If the device can handle WeChat, phone calls and ___41___ the Internet, I pu rchase it. If it’s over 1,000 yuan, I ___42___ it. This approach to acquiring smartphones ___43___for me as I keep my needs basic. Aside from saving myself money, I may have also saved myself from some wounds or burns had I chosen a flawed phone. In recent news, things have been ___44___ for Samsung-literally.Samsung's most recent innovation is called the Note7. Sadly, it was discontinued only 38 days after being made ___45___ for consumption. At first, a few customers complained that their phones caught fire while being ___46___. Samsung, being responsible, launched an investigation to ___47___ the cases. They issued a global recall on September 1, but it was taken merely as a suggestion and not seen as ___48___. Yet, earlier this month, the tech giant gave a stronger message to worldwide customers, saying all owners must stop using their Note 7s immediately.Commercial forces encourage tech companies to push the envelope and produce new products every few months. Sometimes, a conflict of interests can occur. The greed for innovation has a funny way of causing ___49___ for the basics- like safety-and the Note7's situation is just one example of this. The device ___50___ all kinds of cool features, including a super-high-resolution camera, an iris scanner and an especially powerful ___51___. Ideally, manufacturers should consider all relevant aspects when creating new commodities. Samsung has both the money and technical know-how to prevent such negligence. The Note7's ___52___ was most likely rushed in order to make more profit, which ___53___ having the opposite effect. Time will tell how much this oversight will cost with respect to Samsung' fame and future.___54___, it' s safe to assume that Samsung could eventually come back over the horizon and restore its reputation as a manufacturer of excellent smartphones if its new models have no major flaw. In an industry largely run by Apple and Samsung, intense competitions will only bring more benefit to consumers. If Apple were to become the only ___55___ company, we would be left with few options for top-of-the-line phones.1. A. surf B. access C. launch D. process2. A. buy B. desire C. recommend D. abandon3. A. works B. checks C. helps D. adapts4. A. growing up B. bringing up C. blowing up D. digging up5. A. accessible B. responsible C. affordable D. available6. A. locked B. broadcast C. charged D. carried7. A. look over B. look through C. look up D. look into8. A. aggressive B. desperate C. anxious D. urgent9. A. neglect B. need C. demand D. application10. A. causes B. boasts C. defines D. forbids11. A. battery B. screen C. chip D. frame12. A. campaign B. promotion C. invention D. release13. A. ended up B. served for C. acted out D. turned over14. A. Consequently B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Nevertheless15. A. flexible B. ambitious C. dominant D. feasibleSection BDirections : Read the following three passage , each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D . Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)F or the first time in its history the International Olympic Committee has allowed a team of refugee to compete at the Games. All of the team’s members were forced to leave their home countries .Now they’ve come together to compete under the Olympic flag instead.Making it to the Olympics is something eighteen-year-old swimmer Yusra has always dreamed of . But just last year, she was swimming for her life. She and her sister were forced to leave their home in Syria because of the war there. They were trying to get to Greece in a rubber dinghy with eighteen other refugees , when their boat broke down and began filing with water. Most of the people on board couldn’t swim so she and her sister jumped in to help push it to shore.Three hours later , they made it to safety , and eventually to Germany as refugees. Refugees are people who have left their home country because their lives are threatened by war, bad treatment or violence –often because of their race, gender or beliefs. Around the world , more than 60 million people are in this situation . And some of them , like Yuasra , are elite athletes who have trained all their lives to compete at the highest level , only to have that chance taken away.Now, a team of ten , including swimmers, runners , and judokas from Syria, South Sudan ,Ethipia and Congo have been given the chance to compete at the Games under the Olympic flag. They’ve also been given their own coaches ,officials ,uniforms and a chef , all paidfor by the IOC. And in the past few months they ‘ve been training hard. The IOC says it wants the team to inspire and give hope to other refugees, and draw attention to the issues millions of others around the world are facing . And these guys say they’ve up to the task , whether they win gold or not.“These refugee athletes will show the world that despite the unimaginable trag edies that they have faced , anyone can contribute to society through their talent ,skills and strength of the human spirit,” the statement continues.56.What does the underlined sentence mean?A. She trained all her life.B. She swam for the glory of life.C. She swam to escape being drownedD. She swam to escape from other refugees.57.Where do Yusra and her sister live as refugees now?A. SyriaB. GermanyC. CongoD. Ethiopia58.Which of the following is not a reason why the refugees are threatened to leave their country?A. RaceB. ViolenceC. ReligionD. Nationality59.The IOC allowed a team of refugees to compete in the Olympic Games in order to ________A. help the refugees to fulfill their dreams of winning the Olympic gold medalB. offer the refugees a chance to earn bread by themselvesC. light a candle of hope for all the refugees in the worldD. course the darkness of the society by forcing them to pay attention to the life of refugee.(B)As the MOOC craze continues to explode , anyone interested in taking an online course faces a tricky question: Which course to take? Here are five aspects that you should consider before you start.(1) What is your learning style?Many MOOCs are video-based . Other courses use presentation formats . Some also require participation in group work. If you want to stay motivated during your course ,think about how you enjoy learning.Are you a visual learner , preferring to use images to understand a topic? If so , a video-based course will work well for you . If you are a verbal learner who gains new information by speaking and writing , try a text-based course with lots of note-taking .Social learners ,meanwhile , will thrive in forum discussions and project-based assessment.(2) Are you ready to become a full-time student?Be realistic about the time that you can commit to your online studies . Participating in an online course can take as much time and commitment as a class-based program. Check the course requirements and make a plan around your current schedule.(3) Does the course really meet your needs?Whether you are interested in a professional qualification or want to take a personal development course like yoga , there is a MOOC for you . It’s easy to get caught up in th e excitement of taking lots of free courses in everything that you ever wanted to learn. Before you start a course , think about the end goal . Is the course aimed at beginners or advanced learners? Why do you need this qualification?(4) Do you need a support group?Some people learn best from seeing how others approach the problem.. If you are such a leaner , you will need to supplement your online lessons with an in-person support group.(5)What kind of certification will you get?Take time to find out what kind of certification is available upon completion of the course , and how you can prove your learning to others ---for example , certificates ,transcripts or digital badges?60.What kind of MOOCs does the author recommend to verbal learners?A. A video-based courseB. A text-based courseC. A forum-based discussionD. A project-based assessment61. What kind of learners need an in-person support group?A. Learners who prefer individual work.B. learners who are in great need of a certificateC. learners who learn best from seeing how others approach the problem.D. learners who are too busy to become a full-time student62. What is the passage mainly about?A. Picking the right MOOCS for youB. Deciding your learning styleC. Taking the right course you needD. Choosing a suitable support group.CPluto-which famously was degraded from a “major planet” in 2006--- captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote of our solar system .Pluto’s underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so appealing . Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas far boy who built telescopes out spare auto parts , old farm equipment and self-ground lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Obsevatory in Flagstaff , Arizona , Tombaugh’s task was to search among millions of stars for a moving point of light , a planet that the observatory’s founders thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune . After years ‘ efforts , Tombaugh finall y found it . Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American , and represented a moment of light in the darkness of the Great Depression.For decades , Pluto thrived in its role as the ninth major planet of our solar system ,even though it was tiny compared to the others and so far away.However , 62 years after its discovery , two astronomers discovered another planet-like object beyond the orbit of Neptune. Six months later ,they discovered a third object. It looked like Pluto might actually be a mem ber of a sort of asteroid belt , similar to but way beyond one we’ve known about for a long time between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.Another 14 years passed , dozens more objects beyond Neptune like Pluto had been discovered , so the International Astronomical Union elected to degrade the planet. It now shares its dwarf designation with three of the 1,200 bodies that have been located beyond Neptune today , collectively known as “Kuiper Belt Objects.”The Kuiper Belt is populated by icy bodies that a re remnants of the solar system’s formation. These are the building blocks of planets. We now also know the surface of Pluto contains ices composed of methane, nitrogen, and other compounds familiar to us . It also seems to have a bright polar cap, like o n earth . Its atmosphere is very thin, but it’s composed largely of nitrogen ,like our own.So, as we finally get within 7,800 miles of Pluto today , we scientists are hoping we can finally understand how the chaos at the beginning of the solar system, could have created objects so similar and yet so foreign as Earth and Pluto. Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. It’s a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own----that the sky isn’t the limit at all. We don’t know wh at kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get out there to look.63. Pluto was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh in ________A. 1930B.1939C. 1992D. 200664. Now the official designation of Pluto is __________A. Asteroid BeltB. Kuiper BeltC. Major PlanetD. Dwarf Planet65.Pluto and Earth are to some extent similar for_______A. both of them are populated by icy bodies that are remnants of the solar system’s formation4.6 billion years ago.B. the atmosphere of either of them is mainly made up of nitrogen.C. there are ices throughout the surface of bothD . both of them have bright polar caps on the north pole as well as the south pole.66.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. There are nine major planets in the solar system .B. There is an asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.C. Pluto now shares its designation with 1,200 bodies that have been beyond Neptune.D. Clyde Tombaugh discovered Pluto with the telescope out spare auto parts, old equipment and self-ground lenses.Section CDirections : Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.Suppo se you become a leader in an organization . It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities . To do so , it should help understand why people undertake volunteer word and what keeps their interest in the work.Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer . __________________________For example , people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness , to expand theirrange of experiences , and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate . To select volunteers , you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so . To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately , these programs can shift people’s wish of participating from an internal factor(e.g.,’I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor(e.g., ‘ I volunteer because I’m required to do so .”) . When that happens people become less likely to volunteer in the future._______________________Once people begin to volunteer ,what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question , researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance , one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year . One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.__________ the researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the p roblem they do experience.”Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role.______________ . Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am .” “ Consistent with the researchers “ expectations, they found a positive correlation between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results , once again , lead to concrete advice:” Once an individual begins volunteering ,continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity -------- Item like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contribution can help strengthen role identity.”A. People volunteer mainly out of academic requirements and internal needs.B. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a mustC. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be likely to continue volunteer work.D. Individual differences in role identity is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work.E. Although this result may not surprise you ,it leads to important practical advice.F. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.Section DDirections : Read the following passage , Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words . Use your own words as far as possible.In the United States alone , over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phone are part of a a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver . A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste , the concentration (含氟) of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals . Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed , the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries , in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more materials, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products . Consider again the cell-phone , and imagine the mines that produced those metals , the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it came in . Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most wast is dangerous in that “ the production , distribution , and use of products ------as well asd management of the resulting waste-----all result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start ---- for instance , buying reusable products and recycling In many countries the concept of the extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive（动机）for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products , would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments’ incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money . Why , they ask , should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫)that encased your television?From the governments’ point of view , a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.第Ⅱ卷.( 第1-2句每句3分，第3句4分；第4句5分，共15分)Translation1. 大家都认可，快乐是一个旅程，而非目的地。