并列句和复合句

—、并列句

用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。

(一)并列句的构成

其结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。

(二)常用的并列连词

1．常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有：and，but， or，so，for。

2．其他的并列连词有：then，while，when，not only...but also...,neither...。nor，either...or，as well as等。

二、复合句

复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是全句的主体，从句是主句中的一部分，不能独立存在。

根据从句在全句中的不同作用，从句可分为：宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在这里重点讲解宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。

(一)宾语从句

1.宜语从句的引导词

注意：

whether和if引导宾语从句时，一般情况下可以互换，但在下列情况下须用whether，不能用if。

①具有选择意义，宾语从句中有or或or not时。例如：

Eg：We really don’t know whether news is true or not．

我们真的不知道这消息是否是真的。

②在介词后接宾语从句或不定式时。例如：

Eg：We are talking about whether we’ ll go back to our hometown．我们正在讨论是否回老家去。

③作discuss等词的宾语时。例如：

Eg: We discussed whether we should close the shop．

我们讨论了是否应该把商店关掉。

2．宾语从句的语序

宾语从句无论是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句意义，一律用陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”结构。句尾标点符号取决于主句。例如：

Are you a student He asks．→

He asks if you are a student．

他问你是否是学生。

Where does he work Do you know→

Do you know where he works

你知道他在哪工作吗

3．宾语从句的时态

宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态一致。具体情况如下表：

(二)状语从句

1．时间状语从句

①时态：当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句或含有将来的意义时，由when，as soon as，till／until，before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。例如： Eg: As soon as he returns home，I’ ll let you know．

他一回到家，我就告诉你。

②引导词：由when，while，as，since，after，before，until／till， as soon as等连词引导。

a)when，while与as

例如：

Father was waiting for me when I got home yesterday．

昨天我到家时，爸爸正在等我。

While we were having a meeting，my sister came in to ask for me．正当我们开会时，我妹妹进来找我。

She sang happily as she walked along the lake．

她一边沿着湖边走，一边欢快地唱着歌。

b)till与until

例如：

I didn’t go to bed until／till he came back at ll o’clock last night．直到他昨晚11点回来我才睡觉。

Please Wait here until I come back．请在这等，直到我回来。

c)since引导的从句，表示“自……以来”，从句中的谓语动词表示动作的起点，要用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词表示延续性动作，通常情况下使用现在完成时。在句型“It is／hasbeen...since+从句”中，从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。例如：

It is ten years since she joined the army．她参军已有十年了。

2．条件状语从句

①条件状语从句由if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非)等引导。如果主句为祈使句、一般将来时或含有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。例如： If it SNOWS tomorrow，we will have a day or two off．如果明天下雪的话，我们将放假一两天。

We won’t go to his party unless he invites us．

如果他不邀请我们的话，我们就不去参加他的晚会。

②if的用法

if可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导条件状语从句。其用法如下：

3．结果状语从句

①结果状语从句由so，so...that...，such...that...，so that等引导。

②so...that...与such...that...区别

例如：

It is so cold outside that nobody will go out to play．

外面很冷，以至没有人愿意出去玩。

He has so many books that I don’t know which one I should borrow．他有这么多书，我不知道该借哪一本。

He is such a good man that we all like him．

He is so good a mall that we all like him．

他是一个大好人，我们都喜欢他。

4．原因状语从句

原因状语从句由because，as，since等引导。

如果是直接原因，通常用because引导；如果原因是人们已知的事实，用

since引导；如果原因和理由是不言而喻、为人所知的、显而易见的，用as引导。由since，as引导的原因状语从句，一般位于主句之前。例如：Jim didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill．

吉姆昨天没去上学，因为他病了。

Since we are middle school students，we should listen to our teachers．既然我们是中学生，我们就应该听老师的话。

5．目的状语从句

目的状语从句由so that，so，in order that等引导。从句中常用can，could，may，might等情态动词。例如：

My father gets up early every day so that he can catch the first bus．爸爸每天都起得很早，以便能赶上头班车。

6．让步状语从句

让步状语从句由although，though等引导。意思为“虽然(尽管)……但是……”，要注意不能与but用在同一个句子中。

例如：

Although the doctor was tired，he went on working．

尽管这个医生很累了，但他还继续工作。

7．比较状语从句

比较状语从句由than，as...as，not so...as等引导。例如：

He is as tall as his father．

他和他爸爸一样高。

8．地点状语从句

地点状语从句由where，wherever等引导。例如：

Where there is a will，there is a way．有志者事竟成。

(三)定语从句

1．概论

定语从句在复合句里起定语作用，修饰主句中的名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。基本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有who，whom，whose，which，that，when，where，why等。

2．关系词的基本用法

语法专练：

一、单项选择

（）1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you．

A. if; Whether

B. whether; Whether

C. if; That

D. if; If

（）2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.

A. when does he come

B. how will he come

C. if he comes

D. whether he'll come

（）3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is

A. what

B. how

C. whether

D. where （）4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help

A. how did he mend

B. what did he mend

C. how he mended

D. what he mended

（）5. I want to know _________.

A. whom is she looking after

B. whom she is looking

C. whom is she looking

D. whom she is looking after （）6. Do you know where _________ now

A. he lives

B. does he live

C. he lived

D. did he live

（）7. Do you know what time _________？

A. the train leave

B. does the train leave

C. will the train leave

D. the train leaves

（）8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please

A. how the two players are old

B. how old are the two players

C. the two players are how old

D. how old the two players are

（）9. The small children don't know _________.

A. what is their stockings in

B. what is in their stockings

C. where is their stockings in

D. what in their stockings

（） can't understand _________.

A. what does Christmas mean

B. what Christmas does mean

C. what mean Christmas does

D. what Christmas means

二、按要求转换句型

1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China Could you tell us（改写句子）

→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China 2. "Does the girl need any help” he asked me.（变为复合句）

→He asked me _________ th e girl _________ some help．

3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）

_________ Jim _________Tom is a student.

4. When does the train leave I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）

I want to know _________ the train _________.

5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until 改写)

They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．6. Did Peter come here yesterday Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)

Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.

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一个句子，如果有一个或多个成分由句子充当，并列句和复合句则它就是复合句。其中能够独立存在的句子，称之为主句，主句也是全句的主体;而充当全句的一个句子成分的句子，则称之为从句，从句不能独立存在。因此，我们也把这种存在主从关系的复合句，叫做主从复合句。主从复合句可以分为如下三类： 1. 名词性从句名词性从句，按照句子在全句中充当的句子成分，又分为： 1)主语从句 2)宾语从句 3)表语从句 4)同位语从句 2. 定语从句定语从句须由关系代词或关系副词来连接。 3. 状语从句状语从句又可分为： 1)时间状语从句 2)地点状语从句 3)原因状语从句 4)条件状语从句 5)目的状语从句 6)结果状语从句

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简单句、并列句和复合句

简单句、并列句和复合句常考点解读 1．熟练运用S+V+P，S+V，S+V+O，S+V+IO+DO，S+V+O+OC五种基本句型。2．考查并列句的连接词。 3．识别简单句、并列句和复合句。易混点突破一．简单句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。如： Tom and Mike are Americans． She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers．二．并列句由并列连词(and，but，or，so，for等)或分号(；)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。如：You help him with his English and he helps you study math．并列句的分类： (1)表示连接两个同等概念，常用and，not only…but also…，neither…nor…，then等连接。如：My English teacher likes soccer and my math teacher likes playing Chinese chess． (2)表示选择，常用的连词有or，either…or…等。如：Hurry up，or you’ll miss the early bus． (3)表示转折，常用的连词有but，however，while等。如：He was short，but he ran

very fast． (4)表示因果关系，常用的连词有so，for等。如：He felt bad，so he didn’t go to school this morning．三．复合句复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，其中有一个(或更多)主谓结构充当句子某一(些)成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从旬都属于复合句。 (一)宾语从句：指在动词或介词后面用一个句子来担任宾语。 1.语序：宾语从句只有陈述语序(肯定句或否定句)，即：主语在前，谓语动词在后。如： He says(that)he likes reading a lot．Could you tell me when they will come? 2.连接词 1)当宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导，that可省略。如： She said(that)she could finish her work before supper． 2)当宾语从句为特殊疑问句时。用who，what．which，when，where，how， why，how many，how long等词引导。不论是连接代词还是连接副词，后面都是接一陈述句。如： Do you know when we’11 leave for Beijing? 3)宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用whether或if引导。如： I wondered if／whether you could come over to my house． Please let me know if／whether she likes the present．

并列句和复合句(含答案解析)

并列句和复合句易错清单一、when,if引导的时间状语从句和宾语从句 1. 含有when,if引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时;when引导其他时态的时间状语从句时,从句时态应与主句时态保持一致。 2. when, if引导的宾语从句,首先要保证从句的陈述语序,然后再根据主句的时态确定从句时态,使其基本与主句内容保持意义上的一致。if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether, 词义为“是否”;充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”;充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。如: I don't know when my father will come back, but I'll ask him to call you back when he comes back. 我不知道我爸爸什么时候回来,但是他回来的时候我可以让他给你回电话。 I don't know if he will come back. If he comes back, I'll tell you. 我不知道他是否会回来。如果他回来的话,我会告诉你。二、when, while,as的区别 when, while, as引导的从句都可以使用延续性动词。when, as都可以与终止性动词连用,而while则不能。如: He fell asleep when(while, as) he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 when可表示瞬间、时间段,与主句所叙述的动作、事情可同时发生,也可有先后。 I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时,我就回家去。 It was raining hard when we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 while用于同时进行的两个延续性动词相伴随而发生,常对同类的两个动作进行比较。 While I was reading, my mother was washing clothes. 我读书时,我妈妈在洗衣服。 as不指先后,而指并列发生,尤指两动作或事件同时发生。如: She sang as she worked. 她一边工作一边唱歌。

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简单句、并列句、复合句（习题）一、单项选择 ( )1.—______ will the supper be ready? I’m very hungry. —In a minute. A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How often ( )2.—Few well-known singers came to the concert, did they? —______, such as Andy Lau, Jay Chou and Kristy Zhang. A. No, they didn’t B. Yes, they did C. No, they did D. Yes, they didn’t ( )3.______ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been ( )4.—Tom, come out and join us! —______ till I finish what I ______, OK? A. Wait; do B. Waiting; do C. Waiting; am doing D. Wait; am doing ( )5.Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _______ great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ( )6.—The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized (倾覆) in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st. —_____ bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue (救援)? A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ( )7.Look at the man over there. _____he is! A. How tall B. How a tall C. What a tall D. What tall ( )8.—Finish your homework ______ you can’t play computer games, Jim. —All right, Mum. A. but B. till C. and D. or ( )9.—Hello, Lily, you are busy. Can I give you a hand? —Thanks very much, ______ I can manage. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )10.—Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack? —Certainly. _____ he comes back. A. Before B. As soon as C. Until D. Unless

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简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句

简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句文章来源：互联网在前面各讲中所说的肯定句、否定句、各种疑问句、感叹句等，是根据句子的作用来划分的。今天，我们再学习一种新的分类方法：即根据句子的内部结构，特别是句子与句子之间的关系来划分的方法。根据句子结构，可以分为三种主要类型：简单句、并列句、复合句，另外还有一种叫并列-复合句子。要搞懂英语句子结构分类，有一点首先必须明白：即什么是“句子”？句子的概念有两层含义：一是它能表达一个清晰、完整的意思。反过来讲，只要能表达一个清晰、完整的意思的语言单位，不论是长是短，哪怕是一个单词，也算作是一个句子。这是从意义方面来说的。二是句子的结构完整。所谓“完整”，最核心的是一个句子应该有“主语、谓语”。也就是说，有主语、有谓语的语言单位就是一个句子。这就是从句子结构方面来分的，也是从句子语法成份方面来划分的。我们所讲的简单句、并列句、复合句都是从主语、谓语来判定句子类型的。如果按照句子的结构分类，英文句子可分为三种类型：简单句(Simple Sentence)，并列句(Compound Sentence)和复合句(Complex Sentence)。一、简单句简单句的定义是：或者只有一个主语，或者只有一个谓语。为什么说“或者”呢？因为简单句可以只有一个主语，但有几个谓语；或者可以有几个主语，但只有一个谓语。这样一分，简单句就有三种形式了。 1、只有一个主语、一个谓语，再加上其它成份。例如： Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播速度快。 The film is not interesting. 这部电影没有意思。 Can you finish the work on time? 你能按时完成工作吗？ 2、只有一个主语，但有几个谓语，再加上其它成份。例如： The boy were running, shouting and laughing. 男孩们一边跑，一边笑，一边喊叫着。 You cannot listen to music and memorize at the same time. 你不能既听音乐，同时又背诵东西。 Computers mean a lot to human beings and are paidmore and more attention by people.

并列句、复合句大全

并列句，复合句和连词命题规律：并列句和复合句以及连词是中考的重点内容，也是中考的必考题。期中复合句考察的内容涉及状语从句，宾语从句，定语从句中引导词的运用命题趋势：宾语从句，连词的使用，定语从句的引导词一、并列句用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。 1. 构成：简单句+ 并列连词+ 简单句 2. 常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有：and，but，or，so，for。（1）and意为“和，并且”，表示顺延、并列等关系。如： Work hard and you can pass the exam. = If you work hard, you can pass the exam. （2）but意为“但是”表示转折关系。如： He is rich but he is not happy. （3）or意为“否则，或者，或“表示选择关系。如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. （4）so意为“所以，因此，于是”表示因果关系。如： Kate was i ll so she didn’t go to school. （5）for意为“因为”，表示因果关系。如： I have to stay up late, for I have a lot of work to do. 3. 当连词and连接的并列句前半部分是祈使句，后半部分是将来时的陈述句时，其含义相当于由if引导的条件状语从句。这种句型还可以用or来连接，但意思不同。如： Think it over, and you’ll find the answer. =If you think it over, you’ll find the answer. 4. 其他的并列句其他的并列连词有then，while，when，yet，not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…, both…and…, as well as。如： I like English while my brother likes Chinese. 二、状语从句状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、目的状语从句等。

英语并列句和复合句句子的种类

英语并列句和复合句句子的种类 1. 按使用目的，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类； 2. 句子按其结构可以分为简单句、并列句、复合句三类。下面就考试中常见的并列句和复合句做简单介绍。（一）并列句 1. 由and、but、or、so、for等并列连词把两个简单句连接起来而成的。例如： John likes playing basketball, but he didn’t play it yesterday. 约翰喜欢打篮球，但他昨天没打。 You should hurry, or you will miss the train. 你该快点了，否则要误车了。 He must be a good student, for he is always careful with his lessons. 他肯定是个好学生，因为他学习一直很认真仔细。 2. 由并列连词词组连接成的。常用的有 not only …but also …, either …or …, neither …nor …, not …but …,both …and …,等等。例如： Not only one but also all of us were invited. 不只是一个，而是我们全体都受到邀请。 Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it. 要么你来做，要么我请其他人来做。 Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework. 汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。

Not couldn’t they complete the task, but the task was too tough. 不是他们完不成任务，而是任务太重了。并列句的口诀！ and 表示顺承while表示对比 but/yet表示转折 for/so表示因果 or/either ...or 表示选择when和and/then表示时间and/so/neither/nor表示并列 not only...but also/neither... nor表示递进（二）主从复合句包含两个或多个主谓结构，并且，其中一个主谓结构充当主句，另一个或多个主谓结构为从句，充当该主句的主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语，这样的句子叫做复合句。按照从句在整个复合句中所起的语法作用，可将复合句分为六类。即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。在以往的英语应用能力等级考试中，这六种复合句都曾出现过，其中尤其以宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句为多。下面分别予以讲解。 1. 主语从句在整个句子中充当主语成分的从句。可以由从属连词that, whether等引导；也可以由连接代词what, which, who以及由连接副词how, when, where, why，as等引导。例： In some countries _what__ is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people. A) which B) what C) that D) one 2. 同位语从句从句的作用是做主语、表语或宾语的同位语（即，不是对主语、表语或宾语进行修饰和限定，而是说明其内容含义），则叫做同位语从句。由that引导。例：