He_said_I_was_hard-worki初三

课题Unit4 He said I was hard-working复习学案【复习目标】1.巩固直接引语与间接引语的意义、功能及用法；2. 进一步熟练过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时）。

【复习重点与难点】直接引语与间接引语的转换〖流程一〗语法知识及时巩固（1）1，直接引语（Direct Speech）是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内，例如：Mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can go out and play with your friends.”They said, “We want to have a rest.”2，间接引语（Reported Speech，又叫Indirect Speech）即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。

上面两个例句变成间接引语应该是：Mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friends.They said they wanted to have a rest.（2）直接引语变间接引语一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。

二随宾，第三人称不更新。

“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ”→She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。

从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如果引号外的主句没有宾语。

也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。

如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said,"Jack is a good boy.“→Mr Smith said Jack was a good boy二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态；She said:” I am a student. ”→ She said (that) she was a student.2)一般将来时→过去将来时She said, "He will go to see his friend.”→She said he would go to see his friend。

Tom said,” I am going to play basketball tomorrow.”→ Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.3) 现在进行时→过去进行时；She said ,“I am reading a book.”→She said she was reading a book注意：以下几种情况时态不变①直接引语是客观真理。

The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun .”→ The teacher said me the earth moves around the sun 。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”→Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

如：Jack said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980."→Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980.④直接引语如果是一般现在时。

表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

如：He said, “I get up at six every morning。

”→He said he gets up at six every morning.⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：could, should, would, might）The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.”→ The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”和已经是过去时的形式时，例： ought to， had better, used toPeter said. "You had better come here today."→Peter said I had better go there that day.三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday变为 the day beforetoday变为 that dayHe said, ”I want to go swimming now. ”→ He said he wanted to go swimming then.地点状语，尤其表示方向性的， here 变 thereThe teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.”→The teacher said I should go there at 7:00.指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”例：this 改为thatHe said, "This books is mine.“→He said that book was his四、如何变句型：①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句.He said, "Can you swim, John?“→He asked John if he could swim."Do you go to school by bus or by bike?"→He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?”→ She asked me when they had their dinner.She asked me, "What was Jack doing when I come in?”→She asked me what Jack was doing when she came in.④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.“句型。

如： 1."Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the students.→She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise.2.“Open the door, please," said she.→She asked him to open the door.检测题一用方框中所给词的正确形式填空：be mad at be supposed to in good health pass... message do well inhave a favor get over surprise party1. She said she was having a _____ _______ for Mary on Saturday evening.2. The old man _____ ______ ______ his son.3. By the way, ______ this _____ to others.4. We _____ ______ _____ finish the work this morning.5. I _____ ______ _______ maths than English.6. Grandpa was ill. We hope he is ____ _____ ______.7. I’m sure she would _____ _______ any difficulty.8. I _____ _______ ______ to ask you. Can I borrow your pen?二单项选择。

( )1. I ________ he ________ go there by himself.A. think; won’tB. don’t think; willC. don’t think; isD. think; isn’t going to( )2. Lana said that she wasn't mad _________ Marcia anymore.A. toB. atC. forD. on( )3. Do you think _________ an English film tomorrow night?A. is thereB. there is going to beC. there is going to haveD. will there be( )4. You are _________ to return the book to the library in two weeks.A. supposedB. wantedC. shoutedD. thought( )5. I am always _________ to speak in the front of the classroom.A. disappointingB. scaredC. surprisedD. nervous( )6. Do you think it is difficult _________?A. study English wellB. studies English wellC. studying English wellD. to study English well( )7. She told us things there were ________ better than before.A. moreB. muchC. veryD. nice( )8. I don't think it's good to copy other's homework. You should _________ it.A. get overB. get onC. get upD. get off( )9. Could you ________ me how to ________ it in Chinese?A. say; speakB. speak; sayC. tell; sayD. say; tell( )10. What happened ________ “Young Lives” last n ight?A. onB. inC. toD. of( )11. I finished my ________ exam last week.A. end of yearB. end of year’sC. end-of year’sD. end-of-year( )12. I’m at Mary’s house ________ a homework project.A. work onB. working onC. workD. working( )13. TV and computers can _________ our eyes to the outside world.A. start withB. open upC. turn upD. take up( )14. She will go to Marcia's house _________ Friday night.A. atB. inC. forD. on( )15. I hope you are ______ good health.A. inB. onC. withD. for三同义句转换：1. I’m good at speaking Japanese. I can ______ ______ ______ speaking Japanese.2. He is very well. He is ______ ______ _______.3. Don’t be angry with your son. I think he can do better next time.Don’t ______ ______ ______ your son. I think he can do better next time.4. Lana said to us, “ I’m happy to see you again.”Lana ______ us _______ _______ happy to see _______ again.5. “You are like elder brothers or sisters to us.” they said to us.They said to us ______ ______ like elder brothers or sisters to _______.6. “Can I copy your homework?” he asked me.He asked me ______ ______ ______ copy ______ homework.7. Mary asked Ann, “ Why are you so excited?”Mary asked Ann ______ ______ ______ so excited.8. My sister said to me “I’m going to help you. ”（同义句）My sister _____ me that _______ _____ going to help ________.9. He said I was hard-working. （划线提问）What _____ _____ ______?四完型填空Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You may 1 they go to learn languages, P.E., history, science and all other 2 . But why do they learn these things?We send our children to school to prepare them for the time 3 they will grow up and will begin to work for 4 . Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life. But is that the 5 reason why they go to school?There is more in education than just 6 facts. We go to school above all to learn how to learn, so that then we have left school we can 7 to learn. A man who really knows how to learn will always be successful, because whenever he has to do something new which he has never had to do 8 he will rapidly teach himself how to do it 9 the best way. The uneducated person, on the other hand, is 10 unable to do something new, or does it badly. The purpose of school, therefore, is not to teach languages, math, geography, etc, but to teach pupils the way to learn.( ) 1. A. speak B. tell C. say D. talk( ) 2. A. matters B. subjects C. math D. physics( ) 3. A. while B. when C. which D. where( ) 4. A. oneself B. they C. them D. themselves( ) 5. A. only B. nearly C . lone D. alone( ) 6. A. study B. studied C. learning D. learn( ) 7. A. make B. keep C. keep on D. go on( ) 8. A. later B. ago C. then D. /( ) 9. A. from B. in C. with D. on( ) 10. A. either B. neither C. other D. nor五阅读理解：The sea looks very beautiful when the sun is shining on it. But peopleare afraid of it when there is a strong wind.The sea is very big. It covers （覆盖）three quarters of the earth. The sea is also very deep （深）in some places. There is one place in the sea. It is about 11 kilometers deep there. The highest mountain （山）in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If we put the mountain into the sea at that place, there is about 2 kilometers of water above it.In most parts of the sea, there are a lot of fishes and small living （有生命的）things. Lots of fishes eat them.The sea can be very cold. When people go down, the sea becomes colder and colder. Only some men can go down into the deep sea. But in 1970, five women lived in the deep sea for fourteen days.1. Why are people afraid of the sea?A. Because the sea is very big.B. Because the sea is very deep.C. Because there is a strong wind sometimes.D. Because the sea will cover the land.2. Lots of fishes ______.A. don’t come out of the sea because it’s too hotB. can’t live in the deep seaC. have enough food because they are good at fishingD. can eat the small living thin gs if they’re hungry3. In 1970, five women lived in the deep sea for 14 days. This showed ______.A. living in the deep sea was interestingB. the sea was not cold at allC. women could do things as menD. people wanted to know how cold it was4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The sea sometimes is very beautiful.B. Only a quarter of the earth is land.C. There are a lot of fishes in the sea.D. If people go down into the sea, they will feel warmer and warmer.。