动词的时态语态非谓语动词
9.-非谓语动词(动词-ing形式和动词-ed-形式)

be addicted to…
沉迷于……
be absorbed in…
全神贯注于……
be aimed at…
旨在/意图……
be armed with…
有……装备
be buried in…
埋葬在……
be based on/upon… be burdened with… be crowded with… be covered with/by… be coated with… be combined with…
8. 固定句型 (1)There is no use/good/sense/harm+doing sth. 做某事没用 (不好/没意义/没有害处) (2)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time/a good time/ fun + (in)+doing (3)spend/waste/lose time (in) doing sth. (4)There is no... + doing sth. (there is no 表“不可能”)
8. get, become, look, seem, appear, remain等系动词后都可跟
done, 表示被动或主语的状态,如remain seated/hidden, get
paid/dressed/changed/stuck/hurt/injured/ burnt等。
注:常用be done+介词短语表示所处的状态,如下:
3.作定语 This is her father’s walking stick.
4.作宾语 When he came in, we all stopped talking.
注意: mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape consider, admit(承认),
谓语动词非谓语动词vs时态语态 四级语法讲义

四级语法讲义一:时态:所谓的"时态",就是时间+状态。
谓语动词的时态见下表:1.主动形式2.被动形式CET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进行时。
时间状语从句当中的时态:一般过去时所有的过去用一般现在时表示现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成一.非谓语动词一.不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1)一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能:表示与谓语动词同步发生2)完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语----将要发生2)不定式做状语----目的3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do表示动作的完整性,真实性;+ doing表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词:The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI ‘d like to have John do it.I have my package weighed.Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn.3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do四)有些动词后只跟不定式如:want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to doforce sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to dobe ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; besimilarity/similar to.三、need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。
谓语动词、动词时态、语态与非谓语动词

一、谓语动词谓语动词是用来表示动作或状态的,在句子中充当谓语的中心语,它是句子不可缺少的部分,用来说明主语是什么或者做什么。
英语中的谓语动词有不同的形式,从这些形式可以看出句子的时态、语态和语气。
英语谓语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
1. 一般现在时第三人称单数2.动词过去式、过去分词1) 规则动词过去式、过去分词注意:“重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母”形象地说,就是单词词尾三个字母依次分别是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”。
2)不规则动词过去式、过去分词不规则动词的过去式、过去分词的构成可以分为AAA 型、ABA型、ABB型、ABC型五种形式。
(1)AAA型:即原形、过去式和过去分词都相同。
broadcast(广播)--- broadcast / broadcasted --- broadcast/ broadcasted ,burst(爆发,突然发作)---burst---burst, cast(撒,扔,抛)--- cast --- cast ,cost(花费)---cost---cost, cut(剪,切,割)---cut---cut,hit(打,撞击)---hit---hit, hurt(伤害,受伤)---hurt---hurt,let(让)---let---let, put(放,摆)---put---put,read(读,朗读)---read---read , set(安置,释放)---set---set,shut(关闭,合拢)---shut---shut, split(切开,撕开)---split---split,spread(展开,延伸)---spread---spread注意:read---read---read发音分别是[ri:d]---[red]---[red],其余动词三式读音相同。
(2)ABA型:即动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。
动词时态语态、非谓语动词

⑤用现在进行时时表将来的词语:come go arrive leave begin start eg. I’m leaving for Beijing next month. ⑥用现在时表将来:火车时刻、飞机时刻、 电影开演、作息安排上 Eg. We are supposed to hurry up. The first class begins at 8 o’clock. ⑦be to+动词原形 Eg. I am to leave.
一般过去式: 一般过去式的动词形式: 使用动词的过去式,一般加ed Pack-Packed 以辅音加y结尾的动词变y为i加ed Carry-Carried但play—played 双写再加ed的 Plan-Planned 以e结尾的直接加d Like-Liked
一般将来时:
一般将来时的用法: ①将来发生的动作状态 Eg. He will go to school tomorrow. ②用will表示事物的固有属性和必然趋势 Eg. Fish will die without water. ③用be going to 表示计划、打算以及推测 Eg. We are going to read this book. It is going to rain tomorrow. ④be about to 表示立刻要发生的 Eg. The train is about to start.
6. How long ______you_______ (live) in this town? 7. You _______ (come) here last year, ______ you? 8. ----When ______ you______ (see) him? ----I______ (see) him last Sunday.
时态、语态、非谓语动词

用法
分词在句子中可以作定语、状 语等成分,表示正在进行的动 作或状态,或者被动关系。
例子
The running man is my brother. (作定语)
THANKS
感谢观看
时态、语态、非谓 语动词
目录
• 时态 • 语态 • 非谓语动词
01
CATALOGUE
时态
现在时态
现在进行时
现在完成进行时
表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
表示过去某个时刻开始的动作一直持 续到现在,并且有可能继续下去。
现在完成时
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影 响或结果。
过去时态
01
02
03
过去进行时
用。
形式
动名词由动词原形+“ing” 构成。
用法
动名词在句子中可以作主语、 宾语、表语等成分,表示一个
动作或状态。
例子
Reading books is my favorite hobby. (作主语)
分词
定义
分词是动词的一种形式,表示 动作或状态,分为现在分词和
过去分词。
形式
现在分词由动词原形+“ing” 构成,过去分词由动词原形 +“ed”或“en”构成。
的限制。
形式
不定式由“to”+动词 原形构成,有时可以省
略“to”。
用法
不定式在句子中可以作 主语、宾语、定语、状 语等成分,表示未来的
动作或状态。
例子
To learn English is important. (作主语)
动名词
01
02
03
04
定义
动名词是动词的一种形式,表 示一个动作或状态作为名词使
动词的时态变化语态变化与非谓语动词的综合考察

动词的时态变化语态变化与非谓语动词的综合考察动词的时态变化、语态变化与非谓语动词的综合考察动词在英语中扮演着非常重要的角色,它们可以描述一个动作或状态的发生和变化。
而动词的时态变化、语态变化以及非谓语动词的使用则进一步丰富了动词的表达方式和意义。
在本文中,我们将综合考察动词的时态变化、语态变化以及非谓语动词的使用。
时态变化时态指的是动词所表示的动作或状态发生的时间。
在英语中,常用的时态有简单现在时、简单过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。
下面我们将对这些时态进行简要的介绍。
1. 简单现在时简单现在时用于表示经常性的动作、客观事实、以及现在存在的状态。
例如:- She eats an apple every day.(她每天都吃一个苹果。
)- The Earth revolves around the Sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。
)- I live in New York.(我住在纽约。
)2. 简单过去时简单过去时用于表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
例如:- She danced at the party last night.(昨晚她在派对上跳舞了。
)- They visited their grandparents during summer vacation.(暑假期间他们拜访了他们的祖父母。
)- I lived in Paris when I was young.(我年轻的时候住在巴黎。
)3. 现在进行时现在进行时用于表示现在正在进行的动作。
它由be动词(am/is/are)加上动词的现在分词构成。
例如:- She is studying for her exam.(她正在为考试而学习。
)- They are playing football in the park.(他们正在公园里踢足球。
)- I am watching a movie right now.(我现在正在看电影。
动词形式--谓语动词和非谓语动词

谓语形式(八大时态)be ( is, am, are)一般现在时情态动词:can, may, must, will, shall一般时行为动词:do, doesbe ( was, were)一般过去时情态动词:could, might, must, would, shall行为动词:did8进行时现在进行时:be ( is, am, are ) + doing过去进行时:be ( was, were ) + doing个一般将来时:will do将来时be ( is, am, are ) +going to过去将来时:would dobe ( was, were ) +going to完成时现在完成时:过去完成时:had + done语态:(2个)每个时态都有自己相应的被动语!1. 主动语态2. 被动语态(be done , be done to )类汇总【1. want to do sth 想去做某事= would like to do sth2.decide to do sth 决定去做某事3.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事4.need to do sth 需要去做某事5.ask sb to do sth 请求某人去做某事6. hope to do sth 希望去做某事.wish sb to do sth 祝愿某人去做某事7 expect sb to do sth 期望某人去做某事8.○I t is (名/形) for sb to do (形式主语···)I found ○I t (形) to do (形式宾语···)9.It takes sb`````to do 花费10. 形+enough to do 足够···去做= too ``` to ``` 太···而去···= so ``` that ``` 如此···以至于···11. learn to do sth 学着去做某事12.execise to do sth 练习去做某事13.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去做某事14.happen to do sth 碰巧去做某事15.be supposed to do 被期望去做某事16.不定代词(something , anything , nothing , everything)to do17. there be ```doing (某处)有···正在发生某事there be ```to do (某处)有···将去做have ```doing (某人)有···正在发生have ```to do (某人)有···将去做18.afford to do sth 负担的起19.encourage sb to do 鼓励某人去做某事20. allow sb to do 允许某人去做某事allow doing sth 允许做某事21. how to do ```怎样去做what to do``` 去做什么where to do ``` 去哪里22.can’t wait to do 迫不及待去做23.prefer to do rather than do 比起···更喜欢·=prefer doing to doing··比起···更喜欢=would rather do than do 宁愿···也不···24 be done to do sth 被动语态句型25 be + 形容词to do ……【1.后面必须+doing 的动词:1.finish doing 完成做···2.enjoy doing 喜欢做···3.mind doing 介意做···4.keep doing 坚持,保持做···5.practice doing 练习做···6.suggest doing 建议做···7avoid|+doing 避免做某事2.介词后动词必须+doing:What about +doinglook forward to doing sth 期望去做某事be used to doing 习惯做某事thank for doing sth 感谢某人某事think about doing ath 考虑做某事can’t stop to do 迫不及待的去做。
中考语法知识点归纳动词时态语态与非谓语动词

中考语法知识点归纳动词时态语态与非谓语动词动词时态、语态与非谓语动词是中考英语中的重要考点,掌握好这些知识,将有助于提升语法水平和英语写作能力。
本文将对中考语法知识点进行归纳总结,帮助同学们更好地理解和应用。
一、动词时态动词时态是指动词表示的动作或状态发生的时间或状态。
常见的动词时态有以下几种:1. 一般现在时:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理。
例句:He plays basketball every day.2. 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
例句:I watched a movie last night.3. 一般将来时:表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
例句:I will go to Beijing next week.4. 现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作。
例句:She is reading a book now.5. 过去进行时:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
例句:I was studying when he called me.6. 现在完成时:表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例句:She has visited Paris three times.7. 过去完成时:表示对过去某个时间之前发生的动作进行的描述。
例句:They had already left when I arrived.二、动词语态动词语态是指动作发出的主体和动作所受的影响关系。
英语中常见的动词语态有以下几种:1. 主动语态:表示主语是动作的发出者。
例句:He fixed the car yesterday.2. 被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者。
例句:The car was fixed by him yesterday.3. 进行时态:表示主语正在进行的动作处于进行状态。
例句:The book is being read by her.4. 完成时态:表示主语已经完成的动作处于完成状态。
例句:The book has been read by her.注意:被动语态需要根据动作的时态来变换,同时需要适当更改时态动词。
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动词的语态一.语态的种类语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态,主语是动作的承受者为被动语态,即当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态,此类动词有feel,hear,help,listen to look at ,make ,observe,see ,notice,watch二.用主动式表示被动含义的几种情况1.表示状态特征的连系动词look, appear,feel,smell,sound,taste,prove+adj/n构成的系表结构2.表示主语某种属性特征的动词:read, sell, write, act wash,clean wear,cooklook,shut,dry,eat,drink,这类动词常和副词连用3.表示开始,结束,运动的动词begin,start,finish,stop,end,shut等4.少数动词用于进行时,其主动式表示被动意义Print,build,cook,fry,hang,make用非谓语动词的主动式表示被动意义1.在want,need,require做需要时及动词deserve后面用动名词的主动式表示被动意义2.形容词worth后面常用动名词主动式表示被动3.不定式在某些形容词difficult,easy,hard,comfortable,pleasant,fi,unfit,light,heavy,dangerous等后做状语,构成逻辑上的动宾关系,主动式表示被动4.不定式做名词的后置定语,和被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系,此时常用主动式表被动意义5.不定式to blame,to let,和动词remain等的主动式表示被动的含义6.动词say,believe,report,announce,suppose,know consider,hope,prove等以it 作形式主语,后面接that从句It’s said that he has come back from America三.不用被动语态的情况1.不及物动词或者短语不用被动语态2.系动词不用于被动语态动词的时态时态是谓语动词的形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。
英语的时态共有16种,其中主要有以下十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完成进行时。
其构成如下表:1英语动词的16种时态1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与every day, never, always, often, usually 等频度副词连用。
如:I go to school at 8 every morning.2.表示客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
如:the earth moves around the sun.3.表示格言或警句中。
如:Pride goes before a fall.4.表示现在时刻的状态,特征,性格,能力等。
如:Is there anything wrong with you? You look pale5表示计划或安排中的动作。
如:The train leaves for Beijing at 2:30pm.6.在时间和条件状语从句中,表示一般将来时。
如:-when will you come to see me,Dad?-I will go to see you when you __finish_the training course.二.一般过去时1.在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或者存在的状态.常用的时间状语有:yesterday, an hour ago, the other day,last week,in 1982等。
如:where did you go just now?2.表示在过去一段时间里,经常性或习惯性的动作。
如:when I was a child ,I often played basketball with my friends.3.常见句型如It is time sb.didwould/had rather sb.didi4.先后一连串的动作the old lady went to the Market, bought some vegetables and went home. 三.一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
Will/shall+do1.表示预见,意图,或用在疑问句中征询听话人的意见如:will you go to the cinema with me?2.表示现在的习惯,需要,预测现在某事可能要发生,或者对将来的事情现在作出决定.如:Fish will die without water.几种用法表示将来时:1.Be to do 表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事,或表示命令,禁止,或表示可能性.如we are to discuss the report next Saturday.2.Be doing 表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
如:I am leaving for London tomorrow.3.be about to do sth.马上做某事.如:He is about to leave for shanghai .注意:be about to 不与tomorrow,next week表示明确时间状语连用四.过去将来时表示相对于过去某一时间将要发生的动作或状态,常用于滨语从句中。
如:He warned us that the journey would be very dangerous五.现在进行时1.表示现在正在发生的事情。
如:we are waiting for you.2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的情况。
(说话时动作未必正在进行。
)如:Mr.Brown is wrting another novel.3.表示渐变的动词有:become,turn,get,go,grow,run.begin.如:the leaves are turning red.4.与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩六.过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
常用的时间状语有:this morning,all day yesterday, the whole morning, when, while.如:It was raining when they left the station.七.将来进行时表示将来某时正在进行的状态或动作,或按预测将来会发生的事情.常用的时间状语有:soon, by this time, in two days, tomorrow, on Sunday,this evening,tomorrow evening 等。
如:This time on Saturday I shall be flying to paris 八。
现在完成时现在完成使用来表示之前已发生或状态,其结果和现在有联系或一直影响到现在,也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态1.表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作如:I wonder why jenny hasn’twritten us recently.2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作,常与延续行动词,多和一段时间状语如:Since.so far,for a year,in recent years连用3.表示将来,用于时间,条件等状语从句中I ‘ll go with you as soon as I have finished my work.4.this/it is the first/second time that…句型中,从句的谓语动词常用于现在时如:this is the third time that they have’t come for the rubbish九.过去完成时表示过去的过去。
过去完成时的时间状语通常有:before ,by ,once,as soon as,until,when,after等十.现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在,并可能继续持续下去的动作,常与for,since 等时间状语常用练习1.Listen to the two girls by the window.what language_______?A.did they speakB.were they speakingC.are they speakingD.have they been speaking2.-did you tell Julia about the result?-oh,no,I forgot.I____her now.A.will be callingB.will callC.callD.am to call3.The coffee is wonderful!It doesn’t taste like anything I ___before.A.was havingB. have ever hadC.haveD. had ever had4.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _____each year.A.is washing awayB.is being washed awayC.are washing awayD.are being washed away5.professor smith, along with his assistants,_______on the project day and night tomeet the deadlineA.workB.workingC.is workingD.are working6、The manager had fallen asleep where he ,without undressing.(2005安徽)A、was layingB、was lyingC、had laidD、had lied7、When the old man to walk back to his house,the sun itself behind the mountain.(2005.湖北)A、started;had already hiddenB、had started; had already hiddenC、had started; was hidingD、was starting; hid8、He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won`t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.(2005湖北)A、were decidingB、haer decidedC、decidedD、wkll decide9、-----If the teaffic hadn`t been so heavy,I could have been back by 6 0`clock.-------What apity! Tina here to see you.(2005 湖南)A、isB、wasC、would beD、has been10、Since I won the big prize,my telephone hasn`t stopped ringing.People to ask how I am going to spend the money.(2005 湖南)A、phoneB、will phoneC、were phoningD、are phoning11、----Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.------Oh! Ithought they without me.(2005 江西)A、wentB、areC、have goneD、had gone12、They on the program for almost mne week before I joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far. (2005江苏)A、had been working;are still workingB、had worked; were still workingC、have been working; have workedD、have worked; are still working13、My brother is an actor.He in several films so far. (2005 浙江)A、just finishB、am just finishingC、have just finishedD、am just going to finish14、----Are you still busy?-----Yes ,I my work ,and it won`t take long.(2005 浙江)A、just finishB、am just finishingC、have just finishedD、am just going to finish15、Father for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him.A、has leftB、leftC、was leavingD、had left16、Years ago we didn`t know this ,but recent science that people who don`t sleep well soon get ill.A、showedB、has shownC、will showD、is showing17、She showed him the photo she the day before.A、has takenB、tookC、was takingD、had taken18、While Tom ,his sister is writing.A、eradsB、has eradC、has been readingD、is reading19、By the time he was ten,Edison experiments in chemistry.A、had already doneB、already had doneC、was already doingD、already did20、I don`t know if it or not tomorrow.A、will snowB、snowsC、has snowedD、is snowing21、If you go to the western suburbs of the city,you a lot of new buildings.A、will seeB、have seenC、has snowedD、is snowing22、He was sixty-eight.In two years he seventy.A、was going to beB、would beC、had beenD、will be23、Tom for more than a week.A、has leftB、has gone awayC、went awayD、has been away24、He said that honesty the key to success.A、wasB、will beC、isD、is being25、We each other since I left Shanghai.A、haven`t seenB、hadn`t seenC、didn`t seenD、wouldn`t see动词的非谓语形式有三种:不定式、动名词和分词。