条件句虚拟语气表格
虚拟语气(表格整理)汇编
虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood ）1.if （条件状语从句） 从句谓语（if ） 主句谓语形式 例句与现在事实相反 did/were would/could/should/might +doIf I were you,I shouldstudy English.与过去事实相反 had done would/could/should/might +have done If you had taken myadvice,you wouldn ’thave failed in the exam.与将来事实相反 ①did ②should do ③were to do would/could/should/might +do If it were to raintomorrow, the meeting would be put off.主、从句时间不一致，动词形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
eg.：If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.“were,had,should + 主语”放句首（否定词not 不能放前面）。
eg.:①Were I in school again ，I would work harder. ②Had you been here earlier,you would have seen him. ③Should there be a meeting tomorrow,I would come. 注意：Were it not for the expense,I would go to Italy.(√）Weren ’t it for the expense,I would go to Italy.(×）常用词：①介词：with,without,but for(要不是，如果没有）；②连词：or,but ；③副词：otherwise. eg.:①Without air, there would be no living things. ②But for your help,I couldn ’t have finished it in advance.③I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would had taken part in thesports meeting.=If I hadn ’t been ill that day,I would had...2.wish （宾语从句）/if only (要是……就好了）从句谓语形式 例句 ①I wish it were spring all the year round. ②If only I were a bird!与过去事实相反had done①Jack drove fast and was in an accident. He said, “I wish I had driven more carefully!”. ②If only I had taken his advice.would/could/might do I wish you could go with us tomorrow.3.would rather + 从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事） 条件从句中省略if 采用倒装语序的情况 含蓄条件从句（省略if ，用其他词代替） 错综时间条件句 与现在事实相反 与将来事实相反did/were从句谓语形式 例句与现在或将来事实相反 did/were I would rather you came tomorrow.与过去事实相反 had doneI ’d rather you hadn ’t been present. 4.as if/as though,even if/though + 从句从句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反did/were He looked as if he were an artist. He talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before.would/could/might do He opened his mouth as if he would say something.注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。
(word完整版)虚拟语气表格归纳,推荐文档
去if：Were she younger,she,would do it.
虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中
1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。
2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。
在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气
表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。
这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。
3．表示与将来事实相反
注意：1.在as if/as though句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。例：He looks as if he going to be ill.
2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。
虚拟语气用在lest，for fear that，so that及in order that引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防，以免”等意思
表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气
2.也可以用陈述语气。
例：They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon..
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气
（should）+动词原型
例：1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.
(完整word版)虚拟语气表格归纳
状语从句中的虚构语气虚构语气在 if 指引的条从句（条件）主句（目的）件句中的用法三点：表示于此刻事实相反的If+ 主语 +动词的过去式（ be 用主语 +would(shouldcould虚构条件句were）might)+ 动词原型表示与过去事实相反的If+ 主语 +had+ 动词的过去分主语 +would （ should could 拟条件句词might ） +have+动词的过去分词表示与未来事实相反的If+ 主语 +should（ were to） + 主语 +would （ could should 虚构条件句动词原型 / 动词的过去式might ） +动词原型混淆条件句——主从句有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，时间不一致的状况下的这是动作的形式应依据它所表示的时间加以调整。
虚构语气有时虚构条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语委婉条件句（ otherwise ，or ，without ，but for ）上下文或其余方式来表示。
条件从句中省略 if 采纳倒装语序的状况虚拟语气在 as if/as though 指引的方式状语从句中1.条件暗含在短语中；2.条件暗含在上下文中；3.虚构式变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
在if 指引的表示虚构的条件状语从句中，有时能够把虚构条件中的连词 if 省去，而将 had ， should ， were 等助动词提到主语以前。
例：原句： If she were younger,she,would do it.去if ： Were she younger,she,would do it.1.表示与此刻事实相反或对此刻状况有思疑，谓语动词用过去式。
2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去达成时。
3．表示与未来事实相反注意： 1.在 as if/as though 句中，假如有可能成为事实，用陈说语气。
例： He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though 或 as if 指引的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语同样时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。
完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图13093
We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.
常用的此类动词有：
表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise.
2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。
He spoke as if he had known about it.
3．表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形
He acts as if he could win in the game .
状语从句中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：
从句（条件）
主句（目的）
表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）
If I had time, I would attend the meeting.
主语+would(should could might)+动词原型
表示“要求”的：ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg
表示“同意，坚持”的：insist
表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order
注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
The smile on his face suggested(暗示） that he was satisfied with our work.
虚拟语气三种基本结构表格
虚拟语气三种基本结构表格虚拟语气是一种表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非事实状态的语法现象。
根据虚拟语气的用法，可以将它分为三种基本结构：虚拟条件句、虚拟假设句和虚拟祈使句。
一、虚拟条件句虚拟条件句用于表示与事实相反或不可能实现的条件。
虚拟条件句一般由“if”引导，主句可以用"would/could/should/might + 动词"的形式来表示结果。
1.虚拟条件句基本结构：-如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词使用过去完成时。
例如：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学习更努力一些，我就能通过考试了。
）-如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的谓语动词使用过去完成时。
例如：If it hadn't rained, we would have gone to the park.（如果没有下雨，我们就去公园了。
）2.虚拟条件句的用法：-表示与现在事实相反的假设；例如：If I were you, I would quit that job.（如果我是你，我就辞职。
）-表示与过去事实相反的假设；例如：If I had known it, I would have told you.（如果我当时知道，我就告诉你了。
）-表示对未来的猜测、设想或假设；例如：If he arrives late, we will start without him.（如果他迟到了，我们将开始而不等他。
）二、虚拟假设句虚拟假设句用于表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设。
虚拟假设句的谓语动词一般使用"should/were"的形式。
1.虚拟假设句基本结构：-表示与现在事实相反的假设：例如：I wish I were taller.（但事实上我并不高。
）-表示与将来事实相反的假设：例如：If I should see him, I will tell him.（但我并不打算去找他。
虚拟语气表格与作业
为方便记忆，表格对比名词性从句中的虚拟语气讲练结合：1.Mr Li required the computer equipment referred________ used in every classroom.A.should beB.have to beC.to beD.to being2. —Yang Liwei has won great honour for our country.—Who is Yang Liwei?—What a question! It is surprising________ the first spaceman in China.A.you didn’t know our national heroB.to you not to know himC. you should know nothing aboutD.you knew nothing about him3. —What courses are you going to do next term?—I don’t know. But it’s about time________ on something.A.I’d decideB.I decidedC.I decideD.I’m deciding4.One of the requirements for the fire is that the material________ to its burning t emperature.A.is heatedB.will be heatedC.would be heaterD.be heated5.Robert wishes that he________ business instead of history when he was in univer sity.A.studiesB.studiedC.has studiedD.had studied6.My demand is that the information referred to in my report________ to Mr. Bro wn without delay.A.to be e-mailedB.e-mailedC.be e-mailedD.being e-mailed7.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he________ to the meeting.A.would comeB.cameC.would have comeD.had come8.Without electricity human life________ quite different today.A.isB.will beC.would have beenD.would be9.If he had not gone out in the storm, he________ alive now.A will be B.would beC.would have beenD.is10.If only I________ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.A.had knownB.would knowC.should knowD.knew11.But for the party, he________ of hunger fifteen years ago.A.would have diedB.would dieC.must have diedD.must die12.I would have come earlier, but I________ that you were waiting for me.A.didn’t knowB.hadn’t knowC. would have knownD.haven’t known13.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students________ two weeks to pr epare for the exam.A.giveB.should giveC.be givenD.would be given14.Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he________ an Englishman.A.wereB.would beC.have beenD.had been15.We________ our lives had it not been for the policeman.A.would have lostB.should loseC.might loseD.had lost16.________ more careful, his ship would not have sunk.A.If the captain wereB.Had the captain beenC.Should the captain beD.If the captain would have been17.Were it not for the snowy weather, we________ all right.A.would beB.would have beenC.wereD.may be18.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldn’t have fallenB.had not fallenC. should fallD.were to fall19.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he________ a goal.A.had scoredB.scoredC.would scoreD.would have scored20.How I wish every family________ a large house with a beautiful garden!A.hasB.hadC.will haveD.had had1.C. 因为在表示“要求”的require, request, ask, demand等动词后的宾语从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原形”，句中referred to是过去分词短语，作the computer equipment的定语，所以选C(from )。
虚拟语气公式一览表
将来
S 主+V 主+O 主
从句形式 S 从+were/V-ed S 从+had done S 从+were/V-ed S 从+had done S 从+should+do
S 从+should+do
五．虚拟语气其他类型 1. It is time…型
类型
It is time that It is high time that It is about time that
虚拟语气用于非真实性条件句知识总结
一 虚拟条件句在主从复合句谓语动词的对应关系
时间
If 条件从句
主句
与现在事实相反 If+ S 从+V-ed/were
S 主 + would/could/should/might+V 原形
与过去事实相反 If+ S 从+ had done
S 主 + would/could/should//might+have done
1
四 虚拟条件句在状语从句的对相应关系
类型 让步
方式
目的
连接词 even if even though as if as though
lest in case for fear that
时间 现在、将来
过去 现在 过去 将来
主句形式 S 主+should+do S 主+should+have done
时间 现在 过去 将来
注意事项
should 可以省略,但不能用 would
主句形式
S 主+ wish+that
(完整版)完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图
在expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
经常用“should+动词原型（或完成形式），表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等情绪。
I cannot believe that you should think so.
在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气
表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。
It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.
这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气
（should）+动词原型
例：1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.
2.The game will be put off in case it snows.
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
表示“要求”的：ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg
表示“同意，坚持”的：insist
表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order
注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。