2018年广东省广州市高考英语二模试卷

2018年广东省广州市高考英语二模试卷

第二部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．

1.

（1）How can a person get a free T-shirt at the zoo?

A.Follow all the zoo rules.

B.Visit all the zoo’s exhibits.

C.Bring along another guest.

D.Identify all the animals in danger.

（2）Where should a lost person go for help?

A.Main Entrance.

B.Visitor Centre.

C.Administration Building.

D.Nursing Centre.

（3）Which of the following is allowed at the zoo?

A.Riding your bike.

B.Taking your camera.

C.Feeding the animals.

D.Smoking cigarettes.

【答案】

D

C

B

【考点】

应用文阅读

【解析】

本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Roger Williams动物园的活动、在动物园内应该注意什么、一旦迷路了要怎么做，还有在动物园可以做什么。

【解答】

（1）D 细节理解题。该题提问的是一个人怎样可以在动物园得到一件免费的T恤衫。根据题干中的关键信息“free T-shirt”可以将信息定位到Zoo Exhibit Game部分。根据该

部分中的最后两句“As you explore the zoo, check off all the endangered animals you discover from the list below. Find them all and win a free T-shirt.”可知，如果一个人能识别出所有的濒危动物，就可以得到一件免费的T恤衫。故选D。

（2）C 细节理解题。该题提问的是一个迷路的人应该去哪里寻求帮助。根据题干中的关键信息“a lost person”可以将信息定位到Lost Persons部分。根据该部分内容“If separated from your group, ask any zoo employee or security guard for immediate assistance or go directly to the Administration Building reception desk”可知，迷路的人可以到行政楼寻求帮助。故选C。

（3）B 细节理解题。该题提问的是下面哪一个行为在动物园是被允的。根据关键句可知，带相机是允许的。故选B。

2.

I saw it first, Amy said, as she ripped the old leather wallet out of Charlies hands. Without saying a word, as if they both understood that this was a secret they didn’t want to share with anyone, they slipped into the alley, where no one could see them look inside. "There’s got to be a million dollars here!" Charlie blurted out, when they saw the pile of hundred-dollar bills. Amy, the more realistic of the two, did a quick estimate, thumbing through the wad of cash. “More like thousands,” she said, her voice shaking i n disbelief. They’d found the wallet in a flowerbed by the sidewalk, when Charlie dropped his cell phone while he was trying to talk and eat a slice of pepperoni pizza at the same time. Amy stuffed the wallet into her backpack and pulled Charlie along by his elbow toward her house. As they rushed toward Viceroy Avenue, they talked excitedly about what they could do with the money—buy gifts for parents and friends, get new clothes, travel to the rainforest in Costa Rica, and adopt a whale. It looked like all of their dreams would come true. For the last block, however, they didn’t talk. Each began to suspect that the other one was silently adding to the list of things they could buy.

They finally reached Amy s house, but instead of going inside, they walked around the house to the back porch. They opened the wallet and counted the money into piles of ten. The total was $2,400—more money than either of them had ever seen. Then they both started talking at once. “I wonder who lost it.” Their moods shifted, sinki ng from the high of being rich for fifteen minutes to resigning themselves to what they must do next. For in the wallet’s clear plastic compartment, there was a driver’s license. They knew what they had to do. Although they would lose their newly-found treasure, in a way, they felt relieved.

（1）Where did Amy and Charlie find the wallet?

A.In an alley.

B.In a backpack.

C.Among some flowers.

D.On the sidewalk．

（2）In paragraph 2, why was Amy’s voice shaking?

A.She was afraid that they would be seen by others.

B.She was disappointed there wasn’t a million dollars.

C.She was fearful that Charlie would tell someone else.

D.She felt nervous because she’d never seen so much money.

（3）On their way to Amy’s house, the children’s mood changed from ______.

A.excited to suspicious

B.happy to angry

C.relieved to worried

D.nervous to disappointed

（4）What did the children decide to do at the end of the story?

A.To keep the money a secret from others.

B.To return the wallet to its rightful owner.

C.To put the wallet back where they found it.

D.To buy many different things with the money.

【答案】

C

D

A

B

【考点】

推理判断

记叙文阅读

细节理解

故事类阅读

【解析】

此题暂无解析

【解答】

（1）C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中They’d found the wallet in a flowerbed by t he sidewalk可知，他们是在花丛中发现这个钱包的。故正确答案为C。

（2）D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“More like thousands,” she said, her voice shaking in disbelief.可知，Amy是因为估计过钱的数量后声音才有些颤抖，disbelief表明她内心有些难以置信，并且由下文也可知这笔钱对于他们来说是很大一笔，由此可推断出Amy之所以感到紧张是因为从未见过这么多钱。故正确答案为D。

（3）A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中As they rushed toward Viceroy Avenue, they talked excitedly about what they could do with the money.以及Each began to suspect that the other one was silently adding to the list of things they could buy.可知，他们的心情由兴奋转变为了怀疑。故正确答案为A。

（4）B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中They knew what they had to do. Although they would lose their newly-found treasure, in a way, they felt relieved.可知，他们最终的决定意味着将失去这笔新发现的财富，因此可以推断出他们决定要把钱还给失主。故正确答案为B。

3.

An article published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature sheds new light on an important, but up-to-now little appreciated, aspect of human evolution. In this article Professors Dennis Bramble and Daniel Lieberman suggest that being able to run was the

necessary condition for the development of our species which enabled us to come down from the trees. This challenges traditional scientific thinking, which claims that the distinctive, upright body form of modern humans has come about as a result of the ability to walk, and that running is simply a by-product of walking. Furthermore, humans have usually been regarded as poor runners compared to such animals as dogs, horses or deer. However, this is only true if we consider running at high speed, especially over short distances. But when it comes to long-distance running, humans do astonishingly well. They can keep a steady pace for many kilometers, and their overall speed is at least the same as that of horses or dogs.

Bramble and Lieberman examined 26 physical features found in humans. One of the most interesting of these is the nuchal ligament（项韧带）. When we run, this ligament prevents our head from moving back and forth or from side to side. Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads, held high. The nuchal ligament is not found in any other surviving primates, such as apes and monkeys. Then there are our Achilles tendons （跟腱） at the backs of our legs, which connect our calf muscles to our heel bones—and which have nothing to do with walking. When we run, these tendons behave like springs, helping to push us forward. Furthermore, we have low, wide shoulders virtually disconnected from our skulls（颅骨）, a physical development which allows us to run more efficiently.

But what evolutionary advantage is gained from being good long-distance runners? Perhaps it permitted early humans to obtain food more effectively. “What these features and facts appear to be telling us is that running evolved in order for our direct ancestors to compete with other meat-eating animals for access to the protein needed to grow the big brains that we enjoy today,” says Lieberman. Some scientists put forward the theory that early humans chased animals for great distances in order to exhaust them before killing them. “Research on the history of humans’ ability to move has traditionally been controversial,” says Lieberman. “At the very least, I believe this theory will motivate many researchers to reevaluate and further investigate how humans learned to run and walk and why we are built the way we are.”

（1）In Paragraph 1, what do the two professors suggest about humans’ ability to run?

A.It is an evolutionary by-product of walking.

B.It helps to form people’s ability to climb trees.

C.It has played an important role in human evolution.

D.It has not been adequately studied by scientists before.

（2）What is TURE about the physical characteristics examined by the professors?

A.Achilles tendons assist people to walk long distances.

B.The human skull helps people to run more efficiently.

C.People’s shoulders allow them to look from side to side.

D.The nuchal ligament enables people to hold their head steady.

（3）According to Paragraph 3, scientists believe that early humans________

A.always came across dangerous situations in life.

B.ran after animals for long distances when hunting.

C.often failed to find food because they couldn’t run fast.

D.developed their hunting skills by running long distances.

（4）Professor Lieberman thinks the new theory will________

https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d4059509.html,pletely explain how running developed.

B.revolutionize the theory of human evolution.

C.encourage more in-depth studies on the topic.

D.be widely supported within the scientific community.

【答案】

C

D

B

C

【考点】

高三

推理判断

说明文阅读

细节理解

社会文化类阅读

【解析】

本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，属于说明文，主要讲述了跑在人类进化中发挥了重要作用的有关研究。

【解答】

（1）C 细节理解题。根据In this article Professors Dennis Bramble and Daniel Lieberman suggest that being able to run was the necessary condition for the development of our species which enabled us to come down from the trees. 可知，两位教授认为人类的跑在人类进化中发挥了重要作用。故选C。

（2）D 细节理解题。根据 When we run, this ligament prevents our head from moving back and forth or from side to side. Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads, held high. 可知，颈部韧带使人们能够保持头部稳定。故选D。

（3）B 推理判断题。根据 Some scientists put forward the theory that early humans chased animals for great distances in order to exhaust them before killing them. 可以看出，科学家相信早期人类在狩猎时比动物跑的距离更长。故选B。

（4）C 推理判断题。根据 I believe this theory will motivate many researchers to reevaluate and further investigate how humans learned to run and walk and why we are built the way we are.可以推测出，利伯曼教授认为，新理论将鼓励人们对这一主题进行更深入的研究。故选C。

4.

Scientists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils （化石）are male.

Much like wild elephants today, young male Ice Age mammoths probably travelled around alone and more often got themselves into risky situations where they were swept into rivers, or fell through ice or into mud, lakes or sinkholes that preserved their bones for thousands of years, scientists say.

Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an older matriarch who knew the landscape and directed her group away from danger.

“Without the benefit of living in a herd led by an experienced female, male mammo ths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes, ”said co-author Love Dalen of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in the journal Current Biology.

The study used genetic data to determine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils in Siberia.

Researchers found that 69% of the samples were male, a heavily unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the sexes were fairly even at birth

“We were very surprised because there was no reaso n to expect a sex bias in the fossil record,” said first author Patricia Pecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History.

Therefore, researchers believe that something about the way they lived influenced the way they died.

Most bones, tusk s, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age animals haven’t survived," explained Dalen.

“It is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved because they have been buried, and thus protected from weathering.”

These giant, tusked plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago. While there is no scientific agreement about the causes of their disappearance from the planet, most believe that climate change, excessive hunting by humans and the spread of other animals into mammoth feeding grounds were influential factors.

（1）The underlined word “matriarch” in paragraph 3 means________．

A.figure head

B.female leader

C.experienced animal

D.mature mammoth

（2）Why do the majority of mammoth fossils come from male animals？

A.Scientists find it easier to study male fossilised bones.

B.There were more male mammoths in comparison to females.

C.Male mammoths were better able to adapt to the changing circumstances.

D.Male mammoths more frequently died in places where fossils could form.

（3）Which of the following is suggested as a reason for mammoths dying out？

A.The increasing competition for food.

B.The cooling of the earth’s temperature.

C.The disappearance of male mammoths．

D.The risky behaviour of younger mammoths.

（4）What is the text type of the passage？

A.A newspaper article.

B.An academic essay.

C.A historical description.

D.A science fiction story.

【答案】

B

D

A

A

【考点】

高三

推理判断

说明文阅读

词义猜测

细节理解

史地常识类阅读

【解析】

本文主要介绍了科学家们已经解决了为什么猛犸象化石中绝大多数都是雄象的谜团。【解答】

（1） B 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段可知，这一段主要讲雌猛犸象，与第二段中的雄

猛犸象对比，根据who knew the landscape and directed her group away from danger可知，matriarch是具有丰富经验的，因而可以推测出matriarch是领头的雌性猛犸象。故正确答案为B。

（2） D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句Without the benefit of living in a herd led

by an experienced female, male mammoths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes. 可知，由于没有经验丰富的雌象的引导，雄象

死于自然陷阱如泥洞、岩块和湖泊的风险更大。而这些环境更有利于化石的形成。故

正确答案为D。

（3） A 细节理解题。根据文章第最后一段最后一句中climate change, excessive hunting by humans and the spread of other animals into mammoth feeding grounds were influential factors.可知，气候变化、人类的猎杀和其他动物对环境的竞争可能是猛犸象灭绝的原因。故正确答案为A。

（4） A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段Scientists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils（化石）are male. 可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们已经解决了为什么猛犸象化石中绝大多数都是雄象之谜。因此可以推断出这种科

学突破最可能来自于新闻报道。故正确答案为A。

第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多

余选项。

Mary went through a personal experience 40 years ago that changed her life path and established her connection with Chinese herbal medicine.

Still childless after 13 years of marriage, Mary longed to become a mother. For years she travelled from country to country and visited top experts in the field, but without success.（1）_______ However, her Chinese herbalist grandmother gave her hope through a herbal treatment.

After three and a half years she became pregnant.（2）_______ The expectant mother’s delight was shared by the rest of her family too. This was the point when she made up her mind to carry on her grandmother’s work and devote her life to herbal medicine research, development and promotion. To this end, she invested in a large herbal garden in the suburbs of Jakarta, where more than 30,000 plants are grown.（3）_______

Through the application of great effort and resources over many, many years, Mary’s career has developed vigorously, as has her garden.（4）_______ When she was asked whether is was worthwhile to have devoted so much of her life to this research, she firmly responded, "What I have done is to fulfill a promise I once made. More importantly, I want to bring Chinese herbal medicine to all those in need.（5）_______"

A. More than 7,000 of these can be used as medicines.

B. The moment the news was confirmed, she burst into tears of happiness.

C. I believe it can help relieve pain and enable the sick to regain their hope of life.

D. Mary decided to make great contributions to the development of Chinese medicine.

E. The heartbreak and disappointment was so great that she came close to giving up.

F. I’m so happy that the local people like to use Chinese medicine for treatment.

G. Although she is now 80 years old, she is still committed to the study of Chinese herbal medicine.

【答案】

E,B,A,G,C

【考点】

高三

记叙文七选五

【解析】

文章主要介绍了玛丽因为40年前的一次个人经历，改变了她的人生道路，确立了她与中草药的联系。有人问她是否值得把毕生精力投入到这项研究中时，她坚定地回答：“我所做的就是兑现我曾经许下的诺言”。

【解答】

（1）E 根据后文However, her Chinese herbalist grandmother gave her hope through a herbal treatment.可知然而，她的中国中医祖母通过草药治疗给了她希望。E项：The heartbreak and disappointment was so great that she came close to giving up。伤心和失望

是如此之大，以至于她几乎放弃了。符合文意，故选E。

（2）B 根据前文After three and a half years she became pregnant.可知三年半后，她怀

孕了。B项：The moment the news was confirmed, she burst into tears of happiness.一听

到这个消息，她就高兴得流下了眼泪。符合文意，故选B。

（3）A 根据前文To this end, she invested in a large herbal garden in the suburbs of Jakarta, where more than 30,000 plants are grown.可知为此，她在雅加达郊区投资了一个大草本园，那里种植了30000多株植物。A项：More than 7,000 of these can be used as medicines.其中7000以上可作为药物使用。符合文意，故选A。

（4）G 根据后文When she was asked whether is was worthwhile to have devoted so much of her life to this research, she firmly responded, What I have done is to fulfill a promise I once made.可知当有人问她是否值得把毕生精力投入到这项研究中时，她坚定地回答：“我所做的就是兑现我曾经许下的诺言。”G项：Although she is now 80 years old, she is still committed to the study of Chinese herbal medicine.虽然她现在80岁了，但她仍然致

力于中草药的研究。符合文意，故选G。

（5）C 根据前文More importantly, I want to bring Chinese herbal medicine to all those in need.可知更重要的是，我想给需要的人带来中草药。C项：I believe it can help relieve pain and enable the sick to regain their hope of life.我相信它有助于减轻疼痛，使病人恢

复生活的希望。符合文意，故选C。

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节）第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选

项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑The way in which children learn is an ever-growing area of study. It is （1）_______ that

children differ from adult learners in many ways, but what is interesting is that there are also quite a number of unexpected（2）_______ across learners of all ages.

For much of the 20th century, most psychologists（3）_______ the traditional theory that

a newborn’s mind is a(n)（4）_______ sheet of paper upon which the record of experience

is gradually impressed. During that time, scientists believed that oral （5）_______was necessary for abstract thought. In its （6）_______, scientists assumed that a baby could

not have（7）_______ of abstract concepts. As babies are born with a(n)（8）_______ range of behaviors and spend most of their early months sleeping, they certainly appear passive and（9）_______. Therefore, it was commonly thought that babies（10）_______ the ability to form complex ideas. Until recently, there was no obvious way for babies to prove anything to the（11）_______ to researchers.

In time however, challenges to this（12）_______ arose. It became clear that with（13）

_______ designed scientific procedures, psychologists could find ways to（14）_______ rather complex questions about how much infants and young children know and what（15）_______ they have. Psychologists began to employ new methods to （16）_______ a large amount of data about the remarkable abilities that young children（17）_______. Their research findings stood in great contrast to the earlier（18）_______ in the filed that focused almost（19）_______ on what children lacked. The（20）_______ of young children came to life through this research. It became clear that very young children are both competent and active when it comes to their mental development.

（1）

A.doubtful

B.necessary

C.obvious

D.surprising

（2）

A.examples

B.personalities

C.possibilities

https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d4059509.html,monalities

（3）

A.accepted

B.resisted

C.studied

D.replaced

（4）

A.accessible

B.blank

C.concrete

D.dark

（5）

A.agreement

https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d4059509.html,munication

C.suggestion

D.treatment

（6）

A.absence

B.disappearance

C.return

D.sense

（7）

A.adaption

B.burden

https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d4059509.html,prehension

D.satisfaction

（8）

A.average

B.unexpected

C.limited

D.reasonable

（9）

A.confident

B.unbelievable

C.lovely

D.unaware

（10）

A.learn

B.require

https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d4059509.html,ck

D.remember

（11）

A.contrary

B.good

C.equal

D.truth

（12）

A.action

B.proof

C.problem

D.view

（13）

A.automatically

B.carefully

C.naturally

D.similarly

（14）

A.take away

B.show off

C.turn down

D.put forward

（15）

A.advantages

B.abilities

C.feelings

D.reasons

（16）

A.collect

B.mark

C.restrict

D.support

（17）

A.find

B.possess

C.recognise

D.lose

（18）

A.scientists

B.questions

C.studies

D.traditions

（19）

A.entirely

B.highly

C.relatively

D.slightly

（20）

A.difference

B.focus

C.idea

D.mind 【答案】

C

D

A

B

B

A

C

C

D

C

A

D

B

D

B

A

B

C

A

D

【考点】

高三

副词的辨析

动词辨析

动词短语

形容词辨析

科普知识类阅读

议论文完形

名词辨析

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。一直以来，科学家认为新生儿的大脑是一张白纸，被动地接受一

些抽象概念，但是近期的研究表明孩子的脑力发展是积极主动的过程。

【解答】

（1）C 考查形容词的辨析，doubtful怀疑的，necessary必要的，obvious明显的，surprising令人惊讶的，很明显，孩子和成年人的学习在很多方面都是不同的，故答案

为C。

（2）D 考查名词辨析，examples例子，personalities个性，possibilities可能性，similarities相似点，由but可知此处指的是孩子和成年人的学习在很多方面都是不同的，但还有很多相似点，故答案为D。

（3）A 考查动词辨析，accepted接受，resisted抵抗，studied学习，replaced替代，

此处指20世纪的心理学家接受这样的一种传统的观点，故答案为A。

（4）B 考查形容词辨析，accessible可获得的，blank空白的，concrete具体的，dark

黑暗的，根据句子upon which the record of experience is gradually impressed可知新生儿的思想被视为一张空白的纸张，故答案为B。

（5）B 考查名词辨析，agreement同意，communication交流，suggestion建议，treatment治疗，此处指口头的交流对于抽象思维是有必要的，故答案为B。

（6）A 考查名词辨析，absence缺乏，disappearance消失，return归还，sense感觉，

此处指如果缺少口头的交流，故答案为A。

（7）C 考查名词辨析，adaption适应，burden负担，comprehension理解，satisfaction

满意，此处指如果缺少口头的交流，科学家认为婴儿就没有对抽象思维的理解，故答

案为C。

（8）C 考查形容词辨析，average平均的，unexpected难以预料的，limited有限的，reasonable合理的，此处指婴儿出生的时候只有有限的行为能力，故答案为C。

（9）D 考查形容词辨析，confident自信的，unbelievable难以置信的，lovely可爱的，unaware没有意识到的，此处指婴儿早期大多数时间都是在睡觉，他们显得被动和未

察觉到的，故答案为D。

（10）C 考查动词辨析，learn学习，require要求，lack缺乏，remember记住，根据

语境人们普遍认为婴儿缺少形成复杂思维的能力，故答案为C。

（11）A 考查形容词辨析，contrary相反的，good好的，equal平等的，truth真相，此处指直到现在都没有与研究者相反的理论出现，故答案为A。

（12）D 考查名词辨析，action行为，proof证据，problem问题，view观点，此处指

出现了与以前的观点不一样的看法，故答案为D。

（13）B 考查副词辨析，automatically自动地，carefully小心地，naturally自然地，similarly相似地，此处指仔细设计的科学实验步骤，故答案为B。

（14）D 考查动词短语辨析，take away拿走，show off炫耀，turn down拒绝，put forward提出，此处指如果有精心设计的科学实验步骤，科学家就能找到提出比较复杂

问题的方法，故答案为D。

（15）B 考查名词辨析，advantages优点，abilities能力，feelings感觉，reasons理由，此处指能直到婴儿有着什么样的能力，故答案为B。

（16）A 考查动词辨析，collect收集，mark标记，restrict限制，support支持，此处指心理学家开始采用新的方法来收集数据，故答案为A。

（17）B 考查动词辨析，find发现，possess拥有，recognise辨认，lose失去，此处指

收集关于年轻孩子拥有的卓越的能力，故答案为B。

（18）C 考查名词辨析，scientists科学家，questions问题，studies研究，traditions传统，他们的研究发现跟早期的研究有着很大的不同，故答案为C。

（19）A 考查副词辨析，entirely完全，highly高度，relatively相对地，slightly稍微，

此处指早期的研究完全侧重于孩子所缺乏的能力，故答案为A。

（20）D 考查名词辨析，difference不同，focus重点，idea想法，mind头脑，此处指

研究孩子的思维的发展过程，故答案为D。

第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当

的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today there is clear evidence that the oceans have a limit. Most of the big fish in

our oceans are now（1）________（go）. One major cause is overfishing. People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace （2）________（they）. For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their community’s needs. However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested （3）________ consuming protein-rich foods, People began（4）________（catch）large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing（5）________（great）reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.

Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, （6）________they’re mostly just the little ones. Small fish,（7）________include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number-largely because there are not enough big fish（8）________（eat）them.

Such large fish（9）________（be）necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and

weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive（10）________（difficult）such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply.

【答案】

gone,themselves,in,catching,greatly,but,which,to eat,are,difficulties

【考点】

高三

介词基础

说明文语法填空

代词

名词的数

副词基础

主谓一致

非限制性定语从句

过去分词

不定式

动名词

并列连词

【解析】

本文主要讲了现在有确凿的证据表明海洋是有限度的，然而由于过度捕捞，我们海洋

中的大部分大鱼都消失了。

【解答】

（1）gone 考查过去分词。此处表示“我们海洋中的大部分大鱼都消失了”，be gone意

为“消失了，不见了”，go 为不及物动词，其过去分词形式不表示被动，而表示状态。（2）themselves 考查反身代词。此处表达“人们从海里带走这么多鱼，许多物种无法

取代它们自己。”，由此可知这里要填they的反身代词。

（3）in 考查介词。此处表达“世界各地的人们对消费高蛋白的食品产生兴趣”，become interest in意思是“对……产生兴趣”。

（4）catching 考查动名词。此处表达“为了利益，人们开始捕捉大量的鱼类，把他们卖

到全世界的市场。”，begin doing sth意思是开始做某事，因此此处填catching与后面

的selling并列。

（5）greatly 考查副词。此处用副词形式修饰后面的谓语动词reduced。

（6）but 考查连词。通过分析可知前一句Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea.与

后一句they’re mostly just the little ones之间是转折关系，因此要用连词but。

（7）which 考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是small fish，且从

句中缺少主语，因此要用which来引导该从句。

（8）to eat 考查不定式。通过分析可知此处用不定式短语作定语，修饰前面的big fish。（9）are 考查主谓一致。此处主语such large fish中的fish作可数名词时，若指同一种

类的鱼，它的单复数形式相同，根据语境可知此处表示这类大鱼是很有必要的，由此

可知此处谓语动词要用复数形式。

（10）difficulties 考查名词的数。此处表示“因此，鱼类无法生存，例如污染、环境变

化或食物供应的变化”，根据后面列出的几种困难可知这里要用复数形式。

第四部分写作（共两节满分35）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中

共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改仅限1词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Daniel was born with a brain disorder. Because of it, he was differently from other children.

As a boy, he likes to play alone and acted strangely. To many of his classmate, Daniel seemed unusual and we laughed at him. This hurt Daniel deeply, but he became very shy. As a teenager, things were changed. Daniel found he could solve difficult maths problems almost instantly. He also discovered other talent: he could learn to speak a language very quickly. Today, he is fluent in twelfth languages. As adult. Daniel has overcome his shyness. He has written two books and now he travels constantly to talk to people with his life.

【答案】

Daniel was born with a brain disorder. Because of it, he was differently（改为different）from other children. As a boy, he likes（改为liked）to play alone and acted strangely. To many of his classmate（改为classmates）, Daniel seemed unusual and we（改为they）laughed at him. This hurt Daniel deeply, but（改为and/so）he became very shy. As a teenager, things were（删掉were）changed. Daniel found he could solve difficult maths problems almost instantly. He also discovered other（改为another）talent: he could learn

to speak a language very quickly. Today, he is fluent in twelfth（改为twelve）languages.

As∧（添加an）adult. Daniel has overcome his shyness. He has written two books and now he travels constantly to talk to people with（改为about）his life.

【考点】

介词基础

记叙文短文改错

动词时态

代词

数词

形容词基础

名词的数

被动语态

现在分词

并列连词

【解析】

本文主要讲述丹尼尔天生大脑失调，他不同于其他的孩子们。为此，他的一些同学嘲

笑他，这大大地伤害了他，使他很害羞。但后来事情发生了变化，他发现他能很快地

解决一些数学难题，能很快地学会一门语言。现在，他能流利地说十二门语言。

【解答】

Daniel was born with a brain disorder. Because of it, he was differently（改为different）from other children. As a boy, he likes（改为liked）to play alone and acted strangely. To many of his classmate（改为classmates）, Daniel seemed unusual and we（改为they）laughed at him. This hurt Daniel deeply, but（改为and/so）he became very shy. As a teenager, things were（删掉were）changed. Daniel found he could solve difficult maths problems almost instantly. He also discovered other（改为another）talent: he could learn

to speak a language very quickly. Today, he is fluent in twelfth（改为twelve）languages.

As∧（添加an）adult. Daniel has overcome his shyness. He has written two books and now he travels constantly to talk to people with（改为about）his life.

1. differently改为different 考查形容词。be动词后形容词作表语。

2. likes改为liked 考查动词时态。此处讲述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时态。

3. classmate改为classmates 考查名词复数。classmate是可数名词，many of…意为“……

中许多”，后接名词要用复数形式。

4. we改为they 考查代词。they指代前文中的many of his classmate。

5. but改为and/so 考查连词。前后两个分句之间是并列或因果关系而非转折关系，用连词and/so。

6. 去掉were 考查动词语态。things与change之间是主谓关系，用一般过去时的主动语态。

7. other改为another 考查形容词。other意为“另一个；其他的；别的”，another意为“（人，事物）又一个的，再一个的”，此处应是后者。

8. twelfth改为twelve 考查基数词。根据句意：今天，他对十二种语言很流利。用基数词。

9. adult前添加an 考查冠词。adult是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a表示泛指，因其读音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。

10. with改为about 考查介词。talk about意为“谈论，谈及；谈到”。

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，英国姊妹学校将来你校进行文化交流，你将作为学生代表在欢迎仪式上发言。请用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括：

1. 表示欢迎；

2. 介绍一项中国传统文化；

3. 表达祝愿。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________

【答案】

Good morning everyone!

My name is Li Hua and it’s my great pleasure to welcome our guests from our UK sister school. It’s exciting to meet so many new friends.

As this is a cultural exchange program, I’d like to talk briefly about aspects of chinese traditional culture, specifically Chinese painting. Traditional Chinese painting, known as “guo hua”, is an enduring art form with a 2000-year-long history. In contrast to western oil painting, it’s usually done on rice paper（宣纸）or thin silk, using various brushes and black or colored ink. With subjects ranging from landscapes to flora and fauna（动植物）, these paintings not only reflect the Chinese conception of artistic beauty but also embody the principles of Chinese philosophical thinking. We’re planning several visits to our city’s art galleries so you can see for yourself.

I hope you’ll have a fantastic time during your stay with us and enjoy the activities we have organized.

Thank you!

【考点】

高三

说明文写作

提纲类

【解析】

这是李华写给欢迎英国姊妹学校的发言稿，根据题目要求可知用第一人称，时态以一般现在时为主。

1. As this is a cultural exchange program, I’d like to talk briefly about aspects of chinese traditional culture, specifically Chinese painting.

由于这是一个文化交流项目，我想简单谈一下中国传统文化的各个方面，特别是中国画。

本句是as引导的状语从句。

2. With subjects ranging from landscapes to flora and fauna, these paintings not only reflect the Chinese conception of artistic beauty but also embody the principles of Chinese philosophical thinking.

这些绘画题材广泛，从山水画到动植物画，不仅反映了中国的艺术美观念，而且体现了中国哲学思维的原则。

not only…but also…结构意为“不但……而且……”。

【解答】

Good morning everyone!

My name is Li Hua and it’s my great pleasure to welcome our guests from our UK sister school. It’s exciting to meet so many new friends.

As this is a cultura l exchange program, I’d like to talk briefly about aspects of chinese traditional culture, specifically Chinese painting.【高分句型一】 Traditional Chinese painting, known as “guo hua”, is an enduring art form with a 2000-year-long history. In contrast to western oil painting, it’s usually done on rice paper（宣纸）or thin silk, using various brushes and black or colored ink. With subjects ranging from landscapes to flora and fauna（动植物）, these paintings not only reflect the Chinese conception of artistic beauty but also embody the principles of Chinese philosophical thinking.【高分句型二】We’re planning several visits to our city’s art galleries so you can see for yourself.

I hope you’ll have a fantastic time during your stay with us and enjoy the activities we have organized.

Thank you!