考研英语词汇9.ppt
英语词汇学课件 Unit 9
9.2.2 concatenation: a process of semantic change in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning. 9.2.3 proliferation Ex P276-3
A man is helping the police with their inquiries. paying guest/boarder, lodger liquidation/ assassination liberation/aggression
(8)Official documents circumlocution: Also periphrasis. In rhetoric, a wordy and indirect way of saying something. e.g. death: negative patient care outcome
9.1 Causes of semantic change
9.1.1 Extra-linguistic factors (1)Social development language, society and culture e.g. snow (Eskimo), camel (Arabic dialects)
obscure, officious, pompous, authoritarian, intimidating doublespeak, buzzword/vogue factors (1) Influx of loan words e.g. beast (Fr.)/animal (Latin)/deer (2) Competition among native words e.g. hound/dog, fowl/bird, chair/stool (3) Shortening of phrases e.g. gas, gold, bulb
精品PPT课件----考研英语词汇ppt_400张共207页文档
26、要使整个人生都过得舒适、愉快，这是不可能的，因为人类必须具备一种能应付逆境的态度。——卢梭
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27、只有把抱怨环境的心情，化为上进的力量，才是成功知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。——孔子
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29、勇猛、大胆和坚定的决心能够抵得上武器的精良。——达·芬奇
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30、意志是一个强壮的盲人，倚靠在明眼的跛子肩上。——叔本华
精品PPT课件----考研英语词汇ppt_400 张
61、辍学如磨刀之石，不见其损，日 有所亏 。 62、奇文共欣赞，疑义相与析。
63、暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟，狗吠 深巷中 ，鸡鸣 桑树颠 。 64、一生复能几，倏如流电惊。 65、少无适俗韵，性本爱丘山。
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谢谢！
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研究生英语上册Unit9new words
spinster和 bachelor这两个词也同样如 此 —— 表示不同性别的“未婚之人”。
neuter
adj. 中性的；不及物的；无性的
pejorative
adj. 轻蔑的
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prissiness
n.严肃谨慎
bachelor 是个中性词，经常用作褒 义，而spinster却一般用作贬义，具 有拘谨、大惊小怪等涵义。
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你很少听到一个已过青春期的男子 被称为男孩，除非在像“和男孩子 出去”这样的短语中，它流露出一 种少年轻浮和不负责任的腔调。
lurk
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n.潜伏；埋伏 vi.潜伏；潜藏；埋伏 这大概是因为“女孩”和“女士” 都同样是委婉用法：在强调未成熟 这个概念时，“女孩”排除了“女 人”所潜藏的性的含义。
baldly
adv.露骨的；直截了当地，率直地
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像这样的句子，自然存有其它解释 的可能性，一种可能性是：说话者 心目中有一个特定的回答 —— “是的”或“不是” —— 但他不 愿直述其言。
subliminal
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adj.潜在意识的；微小的难以察觉 的 n. 潜意识
这种不确定性又进一步下意识地得 到强化。
overtones
n. 泛音；弦外之音
Chivalry
n. 骑士精神；骑士制度
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Stature
n.身高，身材（精神、道德等 的）高度
另一方面，许多妇女认为，“女士” 一词寓意深刻，使人想起骑士风范 的那个时代：赋予所指之人很高的 地位。
denigrate
vt. 诋毁；使变黑；玷污
专升本英语词汇课件pptUnit9初识词汇应用拓展
▪ occur [v] 发生
▪ 2009 年阅读新题型
▪ In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.
▪ interpersonal [adj] 人与人之间的；人际的
▪
▪ advocate ▪ 【n.】提倡者；拥护者；支持者 ▪ 【v.】提倡；拥护；主张
▪ preserve ▪ 【n.】 保护区；禁猎地；蜜饯；果酱；专属工作；
独占的事物 ▪ 【v.】保护；维持；保存；保藏；腌制 ▪ 近义词
▪ maintain v. 维持；保持；保养
Unit 9
C. 单词应用
▪ manager [n] 管理者；经理
▪ 2011 年阅读 Text 2
▪ A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.
▪ management [n] ( 商务或机构的 ) 管理，经 营
▪ 2006 年阅读 Text 3
▪ Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account.
▪ reject ▪ 【v.】拒绝考虑；不接受；不同意；抛弃；不录取 ▪ 形近词 ▪ rejection n. 拒绝 ▪ 近义词 ▪ decline v. 拒绝；谢绝 ▪ refuse v. 拒绝；回绝 ▪ discard v. 丢弃；抛弃
9-4词汇(讲义)
完型填空第一句=主题/态度/大背景看你有没有理解能力，就看你能不能翻对：（1）代词（2）and/or（3）多义词be filled with被...充满v.be full of被...充满v.challenge挑战n.as因为，作为，正如，当..时候，随着real真的adj.realize实现，把..变成真的v.modern现代的adj.modernize把..变得现代化v.modernization现代化n.industry工业，产业n.industrial工业的adj.industrialize把..变得工业化v. industrialization工业化n.seem to do sth好像做某事come to do sth渐渐地做某事hope to do sth希望去做某事try to do sth努力去做try doing试着做做very+n.就是...；正是...design设计v.promote提拔，推进v.direct指导v.shape形状n.塑造v.confidence信心n.pressure压力n.press压v.出版社n.Life is filled(with challenges).(As we get older)realize(that those challenges)(are the very things)(thatmake us)(who we are).It is the same(with the challenges)(that come)(with 38下文解释).生活充满挑战。
随着我们长大，我们渐渐意识到那些挑战正是塑造了我们的东西，正是它们把我们变成我们现在的样子。
这跟和友谊一起来的挑战是一样的。
【生活充满挑战】36.A.seem to e to C.hope to D.try to37.A.design B.promote C.direct D.shape38.A.confidence B.pressure C.friendship D.difficultysb.face sth.某人面对某事sb.is faced with sth.某人面对某事opportunity机会n.expectation期待n.expect期待，期望，预期v.（ex-向外；-pect/spect看)choice选择v.aspect方面n.beat off打倒or或者，否则call it quits放弃它quit放弃v.quit school退学demand要求v.deserve值得v.predict预测v.present呈现，带来v.comment评价v.loss损失n.trouble麻烦n.expense花费n.span范围n.time时候n.date日期n.age时代，年龄n.in most cases在大多数情况下field田野，领域n.occasion场合n.assessment评估n.commitment承诺n.encouragement鼓励n.adjustment调整n.(When we are faced)(with a challenge),we usually have two39下文解释；段落首句设空，看完全段再填.We can try(to beat it off),or we can decide (that the thing)(40主谓/动宾the challenge)(isn’t worth the41动宾搭配)and call it quits.(Although there are certainly42修饰关系)(when calling it quits is the right thing)(to do),(in most43同意复现)all(that is needed)is44下文解释/复现关系and communication.当我们面对一个挑战的时候，我们通常有两个选择。
研究生英语 Unit 9
e.g.Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder.我们绝大多数的经济增长都是由高收入人群取得的
ladder n. 阶梯；途径；梯状物 vi. 成名；发迹 vt. 在……上装设梯子
e.g.At that time only, not every day, if you can afford it. 只有在那个时 刻，而非每天都如此，而且是在你能力所及之处。
第二段
Home ownership is near an all-time high, but the gap is growing between the Owns and the Own-Nots —as well as the Owns and the Own-80-Miles-From-Work. One-third of Americans now spend at least 30% of their income on housing, the federal definition of an "unaffordable" burden, and half the working poor spend at least 50% of their income on rent, a "critical" burden. The real estate boom of the past decade has produced windfalls for Americans who owned before it began, but affordable housing is now a serious problem for more low- and moderate-income Americans than taxes, Social Security or gas prices.
专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit9词汇及课后答案
专业学位硕⼠研究⽣英语教程Unit9词汇及课后答案Unit NineParentingWord Bank(academy->Police Academy) academic: adj. of a school, especially of higher learning; of scholarly (scholarship奖学⾦，助学⾦) performance学校的，学院的，学术的affirm: v. to assert; confirm断⾔，证实，承认(aggress->aggressor =invader) aggression (aggressive): n. the act of initiating (hostile->) hostilities or invasion侵犯，侵略，挑衅(anthropology->) anthropologist: n. the scholar who studies the origin, the behavior, and the physical, social, and cultural development of human beings⼈类学家complement: v. to make sth. Complete补充，补⾜complementary: adj. completing; supplying mutual needs补充的，补⾜的consequence: n. effect; the result to its cause结果，因果关系的deprive (sb. of sth.): v. to take sth. away from拿⾛，抢夺directive: adj. straightforward; serving to direct (->director导演)直接的，指导的(obey->obedient->obedience<->disobey->disobedient) disobedience: n. refusal or failure to obey不服从，不顺从，违抗distinct: different; clear不同的，明显的(diverse->) diversity: n. (vary->) variety or multiformity 变化，多样性enforce(->reinforce): to compel obedience to强制服从或遵守(exploit->) exploitation: n. the act of employing to the greatest possible advantage 开发，开采，剥削(expose to->) exposure: n. the act of exposing; influence暴露，受影响facilitate (=help->facility设备设施): v. to make easy or easier使容易，使便利groom: v. to care for the appearance of; to make neat （tidy）and trim(vt./adj.)使整洁，打扮hygiene: n. (=sanity) the promotion and preservation of health 卫⽣interaction: n. the act or process of interacting相互作⽤(intimate->) intimacy: n. the condition of being close in relation亲密(muscle肌⾁->masculine男性的->) masculinity: n. the quality and characteristic of a male男⼦⽓，阳刚⽓modify: v. to change; to alter变更，修改monster: n. an imaginary or legendary creature怪物nurture: v. to nourish, to feed; to educate, to train给…营养，喂养，培养(object->objective<->subjective) objectivity: n. the state of being objective 客观，客观性(orient东⽅的) oriented: adj. directed导向性的predatory: adj. living by preying on other organisms掠夺的，⾁⾷的(relate A to B->relation->) relational: adj. of kinship亲属关系的roughhouse: v. to engage in rowdy behavior or play打闹，殴⽃sheer: adj. complete; absolute; pure 绝对的，完全的，纯粹的sternly: adv. harshly; severely严厉地，严格地(sym-=same; pathy=feeling)sympathy(sympathize with sb.): n. sharing thefeelings of another同情，同情⼼tickle: v. to touch (the body) lightly so as to cause laughter (笑声) or twitching movements; to tease or excite pleasurably使觉得痒，逗乐(timid=shy->) timidity (timidate=frighten): n. lack of confidence; fear 胆怯，羞怯: adv. orally; literally⼝头上地，⾔辞地wrestle: v. to contend by grappling and, attempting to throw摔跤Phrases and Expressionscope with: =deal with; to handle处理；应对due to: owing to由于have access (通道) to: to have the right to approach, or to make use of接近权；享⽤权in terms (术语, 学期) of: in relation to; with reference to根据；按照；就……⽽⾔settle (->settlement) down: to begin living a stable and orderly life; to become less nervous or restless安顿下来；平静Reading ComprehensionI. Choose the best for each of the following.1. How can fathers and mothers provide good things to children that same-sex caregivers cannot? ( D )A. By being adults in their children's lives.B. By depriving of the benefits found in mothers and fathersC. By differing parenting styles among people.D. By cooperating and complementing between mothers and fathers.2. According to Eleanor Maccoby, ___A__.A. fathers and mothers teach children differently in dealing with lifeB. fathers will not provide warm, nurturing care for an infantC. mothers teach children the difference between men and womenD. fathers have a distinct style of communication and interaction with children3. Children who roughhouse with their fathers ( A )A. learn that biting, kicking and other forms of physical violence are not acceptableB. learn self-controlC. are more physical and action orientedD. need mom's softness4. Which of the following can be categorized as "push limits"? ( D )A. Expanding experiences and confidence.B. Yelling "slow down, not so high, not so hard".C. Causing disagreement between mom and dad.D. Encouraging kids to climb higher, to ride faster.5. Girls with involved "married fathers" ( A )A. are more likely to have healthier relationships with malesB. build emotional security, and safety from other men and womenC. learn what masculinity isD. cope with life differentlyII. Complete the following (sum up求和-> summarize总结, 归纳) summary (⼩结)of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.Children (1) benefit from a mother and father's differing (2) parenting styles. Mothers and fathers bring to their children (3) different values. They are different in their parenting styles, in the way they (4) play with children, and in their (5) communication with children. Fathers (6) provide a look at the world of men; mothers, the world of women. And by (7) cooperating together and complementing each other in their differences they provide good things that same-sex caregivers cannot. Children who have daily (8) access to the different and complementary ways of mothers and fathers will have (9) confidence, independence, and security. They are more likely to have a (10) healthy respect for both women and men as they grow into adulthood. VocabularyI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. She was ___A__ a normal childhood by the war.A. deprived ofB. taken awayC. given upD. got out2. Roses in a silver bowl ___B__ the handsome (beautiful) cherry table.A. comparisonB. complementC. competitionD. compensation3. Charles Darwin saw in the ___C__ of species (物种) the principles of (evolve->) evolution that operated to generate (=produce) the species: variation, competition and selection.A. (divide->) divisionB. (diverse->) diversionC. diversityD. (vary->) variation4. We (meet->) met on two __B___ occasions. One was an academic conference; the other a party.A. clearB. distinct (different)C. likely(possible)D. notable (obvious)5. The Internet, which covers the whole world, is increasing the __A___ of the people on the planet.A. interactionB. contractC. interplayD. interchange6. Most vegetables we buy in winter are __C___ in the greenhouse.A. natured (born to be)B. cultivated (->culture⽂化)C. nurtured (养育)D. nourished (提供营养)7. The students protested in front of American consulate (领事馆). They had no motives (动机) but those of ___B__ patriotism (爱国主义).A. absolute(绝对的)B. sheer (only纯粹的)C. pureD. complete8. The children ___A__ while (they are) building forts (要塞) with toy bricks (砖).A. roughhouse (fight)B. handleC. (pretense->)pretendD. behave9. The building is __D___ south and north.A. allocated (assign分配)B. guided (导游)C. operated (操纵)D. oriented (取…坐向)10. His (fail->) failure in business is largely due to __A__.A. timidity(胆怯)B. quality(质量)C. characteristics(特性特征)D. behavior (⾏为)II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.settle down facilitatemodify subtleconsequence verbally sympathy cope with academic instincthave/has access to sternlyaggression systematicallynurture1. Chinese national troops are on the alert against any possible aggression.2. This government has systematically taken actions to renew its economy.3. Most people have sympathy for the old lady for her (lose->lost->lost->) loss of the only son in the accident4. He is a (journal=magazine->) journalist (新闻⼯作者->journalism新闻学) whose subtle views on the hard issues of our time are rooted in a tough mind (heart) and5. I was (amuse逗⼈乐->) amazed (surprised) at her ability to cope with the difficult situation.6. He is one of the few scientists in this military base who have access to the restricted area.7. By the age of two most children have begun to communicate verbally (=orally).8. Modern devices such as micro-wave oven facilitate domestic work, and free (vt. set sb. free) people to have more (entertain->) entertainments (娱乐).9. This university is composed of five academic schools (department系).10. The industrial revolution modified (alter<->) the whole structure of English-speaking society.TranslationPut the following paragraph into English.在只有母亲或只有⽗亲的家庭⾥长⼤的孩⼦将会极⼤地缺乏⾃信、独⽴及安全感。
考研英语词汇拓展PPT课件
Prefix
24. dia-
dialogue对话（dia+logue话→对着说话）
diaphanous透明的；精致的（dia+phan显示＋ ous→对面显示[影子]→透明的）
dialectic辩证法（dia+lect讲+ic→二人对讲→辩 证法）
diagnosis诊断（dia+gnosis知道→穿过[皮肤] 知道→诊断）
14. bybyproduct副产品（by+product产品） byroad辅路（by+road路） bygone过时的（by+gone过去的） bypass旁路；忽略（by+pass通过→从旁边通 过→忽略）
Prefix
15. circum-
circumnavigate环航世界（circum+navigate航 行）
anechoic无回声的（an+echo回声+ic→无回声 的）
anonymous匿名的（an+onym名字+ous→匿 名的）
Prefix
7. anaanalogy类比；类似（ana+logy讲话→再旁边 讲→讲一样的东西→类似） analogous类似的（analogy的形容词） analysis分析（ana+lysis分开→分开来→分析）
Vocabulary expansion
1
Background information
2
Prefix
3
Root
Background information
1
About 5500 words
2
Related concepts
1)
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4. High
efficiency
Because your girl friend
consistently takes initiative to occupy the seat for you, you take to plunging yourself into academic subjects to tackle the exams of every semester. Both of you will make a collective progg your life
Accumulating the comprehensive information of your girl friend will be the focus in your life and distract you from combating with computer games. Besides, you can exchange ideas and outline an ideal prospect together.
Benefits of Chasing a Girl in the Campus
L/O/G/O
1. Improving self-confidence
Dating is prevailing
currently on campus, it can help you to get rid of routine life and be worshipped by other crews of your dorm when talking the theme of love.
8.Be healthy
You will discard the
pessimistic mood and participate in kinds of party optimistically.
88
L/O/G/O
3.
taking on a new look
You can get crucial profits from doing some deeds worthwhile. For example, enforcement of regular bathing can make you refreshed and appealing.
5. Making
a bid
To show your faculty, you acquire knowledge even at class intervals, leading to a consequence of reducing the dropout rate.
6. Be humble In order to get on well
with her, you always make concession and abandon your standpoint, and stand for her constantly, even when she is faulty.
7. Regaining vigorous state
Wandering on avenue is indispensable in steadily enhancing your relationship. Virtually, this is a worldwide superior exercise.