2016年北京科技大学翻硕百科知识考研真题,真题解析

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2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士百科知识地理历史考研真题,真题解析

2016年翻译硕士考研指导地理历史琐罗亚斯德教起源于什么地方：中东不属于“汉初三杰”的是：陈平最深的湖泊是：贝加尔湖世界上火山最多的洲的是：亚洲太阳中心说是谁提出的：哥白尼英国“Beatles”乐队哪一年在沙利文首场演出之后风靡整个美国：1964历史上，为什么统治者将岳阳划在湖南：便于监督和牵制最先发现了白色光组成的是:牛顿我国的二滩、五强溪水电站分别位于:西南和中南我国蓝宝石的主要产地在哪里:山东南极洲中无长年冰雪覆盖面积占整个洲的：7%在理想大陆上，无论沿哪一条经线前进，几乎都要有秩序地经历多种自然带，这是反映了：纬度地带性乐山大佛在：四川省我国著名的赵州桥建于哪个朝代：明石达开担任的是：翼王以下哪一项，不是明治维新的内容：实行按户征兵商汤至太甲统治时期出现大好局面，得益于哪位政坛元老的辅佐：伊尹刘邦在秦朝曾经做过：亭长马可•波罗在叙述中国时言过其实，因此人们叫他：百万先生石灰岩地区中有许多满布着钟乳石、石笋的岩洞，这些岩洞形成的主要原因是：流水的溶蚀作用英国历史上哪位是第一个以自己的名字来命名一个时代的君主：伊丽莎白一世在大陆西岸南北到两个萨尔纳带之间的自然带是：温带森林带有“无烟城市”之称的是：雷克雅末克云冈石窟位于我国哪个省：山西省不属于三玄的是：《礼记》世界上第一条地铁在1863年建于：伦敦中国面积最大的省份是哪一个：新疆陕西省的渭河谷地，在地质构造上属于：地堑兴凯湖是哪两个国家共有：中俄云冈石窟位于我国哪个省：山西省蒙语称内陆湖为：海子我国铁路的铁轨有多宽：1.43M约翰•克里斯朵夫有几卷：5下列四组地点中，按经度由东向西依次排列的是：南京、天津、北京千佛坛是哪个国家的：印度尼西亚斯拉夫人信仰的是：天主教四合院是以正房、东西厢房围绕中间庭院形成平面布局的传统住宅的统称。

在何时，形式就已初具规模：西周地球上的第50亿个人类居民出生在：南斯拉夫荆轲出现在《史记》中的：《刺客列传》贝尔福宣言是哪个国家发表的：英国天文台的观测室都是园顶的，是因为：有利于天文望远镜观测目标秃头歌女是谁的作品:萨特一座将东西柏林隔离开来的墙建立于何时:1961与农作物种类分布、复种制度和产量关系最密切的是：光热世界上面积最大的淡水湖是：安大略湖第一次登陆月球的两名宇航员在月面上活动了多长时间：2小时多在商店里，大部分商品都是尾数价格，如一双皮鞋的价格是298元，而不是300元，请问商店根据什么这样定价：心理国际红十字会的旗帜是什么形状的：正方形世界最深处位于：太平洋苏伊士运河是哪个国家的:埃及瓯绣”是哪里出产的刺绣品:温州横断山脉的走向是：南北走向太阳大气的中间一层是日冕“大陆架”是什么：大陆在海底的延伸以下能从月球上看到的建筑物是：万里长城下列罢工中，坚持时间最长的是：省港工人大罢工北伐前锋“独立团”的领导人是：叶挺中国民族资产阶级产生于19世纪那个年代：六七十年代光球厚度约为多少公里：500公里甲骨文是写在什么上面的：龟骨“瓯绣”是哪里出产的刺绣品：温州西欧和美国两大工业地带形成于：第二次技术革命中三大金字塔中最大的是：胡夫金字塔太阳大气的中间一层是：日冕以“无字碑”名扬天下的是：武则天下列关于领土的说法，正确的是：领土包括国家全部的陆地、领海、领水和领空慕田峪长城位于北京市的：怀柔西亚和北非绿洲农业的代表植物是：枣椰树玄武是什么东西：龟李寻欢在考试中考了第几名：第三名下列关于领土的说法，正确的是：领土包括国家全部的陆地、领海、领水和领空世界上最长的山脉是：安第斯山加拿大的领土面积在世界上排第几：第2最轻的金属是：锂天文学家把全天空的星星按区域划分成多少个星座：88个苏伊士运河是哪个国家的：埃及下列哪个是好现象的征兆：清晨浓雾在九大行星中，被称为最小最冷的行星是哪一颗：冥王星司马迁受腐刑是在哪个皇帝统治下：汉武帝哪个国家有“千湖国”的称号:芬兰东帝汶的首都在：帝力为什么长江、黄河都是从西往东流：我国的地势是西部高，东部低东南亚著名的矿产是:锡和石油祁连山是哪两个省（区）的分界线:青海与甘肃伊斯兰会议召开于哪一年：1971下列哪一个星座不属于黄道十二宫：魔羯座我国周口店发现的“北京人”，距今有几万年：30三种水循环各自的运动过程中，都具备的环节是：蒸发和降水黄河在潼关折向东流，又穿行在峡谷中，其中最有名的是：三门峡世界上最曲折的海岸线分布在哪个洲：欧洲“织女星”位于哪个星座：天琴座枪杆子里出政权”是谁提出的：毛泽东中国的尼姑最早是何时出现的：南北朝伊斯兰会议召开于哪一年：1971目前世界上水力发电功率最大的水坝是：伊泰普大坝在古代任官授职中兼职的官比本官大，称兼职为：守最低盆地最低可达海平面以下多少：154被称为“科学管理之父”的是：泰罗美国的国花是什么花：玫瑰《隋唐演义》是哪个朝代的人写的：清朝电视发明于本世纪的：20年代被称为“智慧之都”的是那一座古代名城：亚历山大古史传说中出现了尧举荐舜、舜举荐禹，禹先举荐皋陶、皋陶死后又举荐益当部落首领的故事，历史上称这种作法为：禅让天坛原名：天地坛以下哪一座山不属于中国佛教四大名山：嵩山“匈奴未灭，何以家为”是谁的豪言：霍去病给楚庄王猜“一鸣惊人”的是：伍举以谁为代表的出海求仙药的方士是我国历史上最早的航海探险家：徐福世界上火山最多的洲是：亚洲第一架实用直升机的发明人为：西科斯基西欧农奴没有以下哪种权利义务：定期服兵役以下哪个国家设立了海底打捞博物馆：新西兰整个地球的生物圈：可算是最大的生态系统唐高祖即位以后，李世民被封为：秦王约翰内斯堡是南非最大的采矿中心，它被称为：黄金城夏启死后，太康即位后，政事不修，沉湎于酒色之中，谁乘机夺取了政权：羿有声电影何时问世：1926《新五代史》的作家是：欧阳修破除满汉不通婚这个祖训的是：乾隆《几何原理》的作者是：欧几里德15世纪至18世纪时，欧洲航海家所进行的一系列航海探险活动通称为：新航海时代狮子座流星雨第一次爆发是哪一年：1833年不属于四维的是：仁以下那个机构不参与诺贝尔奖的颁发：法国皇家科学院汉白玉是什么：一种名贵的石头经过什么战役，商汤的军队战胜夏桀的军队，桀出逃后死于南巢，夏王朝从此灭亡：鸣条之战万里长城横跨我国多少省（包括直辖市和自治区）：7个七十年代后世界能源消费比重增加最为迅速的是：核能我国在什么时候开始在航海中使用指南针：11世纪末电磁感应的发现者是：法拉第在泰国，百分之九十以上的人信仰：佛教最早期的热气球是用来做什么的：空中监视隋朝所取代的“周”，属于：南北朝时的周“玄武门之变”中，射死太子李建成的是：李世民最早用棉花织布的是在：印度河流域佛教传入中国中原的第一座佛庙是：白马寺中国名山北岳恒山在哪里：山西浑源怒江不流经：西藏拿破仑百日王朝哪一年建立：1815下列哪一个星座不属于黄道十二宫：魔羯座铁芒萁的生长反映了：酸性土壤环境刘邦建立汉朝不久，淮南王是：英布与农作物种类分布、复种制度和产量关系最密切的是：光热风切变对飞机的安全有很大危害，它：对飞机起飞和着陆时危害最大拿破仑曾经建立过：百日王朝石器时代分为哪两种：新石器时代和旧石器时代影响植物分布最重要的条件是：气候1937年发生了飞艇史上著名的空难，当时起火爆炸导致35人丧生的飞艇名字为：兴登堡号华盛顿什么时候定为首都：1791韩世忠平生战功赫赫，全身刀痕箭疤累累，双手仅余几指：5秦汉时代陵墓的建筑形式，一般采用：卧斗形黄河流经几个省自治区：9南岳衡山的最高峰是：祝融峰迫使英国承认美国独立的是：《巴黎和约》商周时期中原已进入什么时代的繁盛时期：青铜美国加入反法西斯同盟是在：1941年在距今9000年前，就已经出现栽培稻，水稻的发源地是在：中国下列各地区中，地壳最厚的地方是：青藏高原第一艘成功飞过火星的探测船是：先锋10号秦汉时代，人们说的“关中”指哪一带：函谷关以西维吾尔族人信奉的宗教是：伊斯兰教温带落叶林分布地区的主要气候类型是：温带季风气候世界上历来有“西珠不如东珠，东珠不如南珠”之说法，其中“南珠”的产地是：中国在大陆西岸南北两个萨瓦纳带之间的自然带是热带雨林带股票交易里面通常说成交多少多少“手”，这一“手”是指多少股：100我国北方半干旱地区适宜发展：畜牧业在大陆西岸南北两个萨瓦纳带之间的自然带是:热带雨林带“紫土地”是指我国哪个地形区域的土地：四川盆地“千湖之国”芬兰大约有多少个湖泊：6万世界上最早种植棉花的国家是：印度据文献记载，商代曾经几次迁都：五亚洲是世界上的第一大洲，它的面积约占全球陆地面积的：30%人类的出现与劳动有关，人类最初制作和使用的工具是：打制石器鞭尸三百的是：伍子胥在地质年代中，铁矿形成的重要时期是：太古代据文献记载，商代曾经几次迁都：五马可.波罗以各种身份服务忽必烈多长时间：17年亚洲是世界第一大洲，它的面积约占全球陆地面积的：30%新中国第一部临时宪法的简称是：《共同纲领》最早的扇子是用什么做的：羽毛孔子去世是在：公元前479年林肯的宅地法颁布于：1862年俄国十月革命发生在俄历几月几号：10月25日塔西提岛在哪里：太平洋1976年唐山发生7.8级强地震，此时北京测得震级与烈度与唐山相比：震级相同，唐山的烈度较大不属于隋代三师的是：太尉人权宣言是在哪个会议上通过的：制宪会议1898年发生的变法是：戊戌变法下列哪个地方的日照时间最长：撒哈拉沙漠不属于佛教三宝的是：禅武汉长江大桥建于：1957伊朗的官方语言是：波斯语维吾尔族人信奉的宗教是：伊斯兰教“土木之变”中被捉的皇帝是：明英宗来源于太阳能的新能源是：风能“金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎”是谁写的词句：辛弃疾大约在1882年，世界上出现了：电车被称为“国际会议之都”的城市是：日内瓦岛屿数量最少的洲是哪个洲：非洲我国和世界目前森林覆盖率分别是：13.4%，22%泰坦尼克号沉船事故中，只有多少人生还：695人阖闾和夫差是什么关系：父子南北朝时期西南地区有一次大规模移民事件，叫做“僚人入蜀”。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士MIT考研真题,参考书

16年翻译硕士考研详解与指导178、南宋最伟大的爱国主义诗人---陆游-----唱出了时代的最强音。

179、南宋后期—永嘉四灵和江湖派。

180、小说和讲史----是话本的主要内容。

181、宋元话本----确立后世白话小说的基础。

182、韩愈、柳宗元-----文以载道、惟陈言之务去。

183、欧阳修-----北宋文坛的领袖、宋代散文的奠基人。

184、北宋初期诗文革新运动的领导人是-----欧阳修。

185、醉翁亭记----欧阳修抒情散文的代表作。

186、朋党论----欧阳修政论文中的名篇。

187、前赤壁赋----苏轼散文中最富盛名、影响最深远的篇章。

188、唐宋八大家---唐代韩愈和柳宗元、北宋的欧阳修、苏轼、王安石、曾巩、苏洵、苏辙。

189、先天下之忧而忧、后天下之乐而乐----岳阳楼记----范仲淹。

190、范仲淹------开宋词豪放之先风。

191、王安石-----答司马谏议书。

192、王安石一---被列宁誉为“中国十一世纪的改革家”。

193、办洵—六国论。

194、北宋前期的诗歌流派----白居易体、贾岛姚合体、李商隐体。

195、王安石咏史诗----明妃曲两首最为著名。

196、王安石后期成就最高的诗作-----人称王荆公体。

197、春风又绿江南----泊船瓜洲----王安石。

198、黄庭坚-----山谷体-----江西诗派的创始人----与苏轼并称苏黄-----其代表作是寄黄几复。

199、宋代最大的诗歌流派-----江西诗派。

200、一祖三宗-----杜甫为一祖，黄庭坚、陈师道、陈与义为三宗----提倡诗歌语言艺术点石成金、夺胎换骨。

201、杨万里-----与陆游、范成大、尤袤并称"南宋四家"、"中兴四大诗人"。

形成独具特色的诚斋体。

202、示儿----陆游临终的遗嘱，也是诗人最后呼喊的爱国之声。

203、陆游——人称“小李白”。

中国古代最高产的诗人(有诗9000多首)。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,复试分数线

育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：357试题名称：英语翻译基础（共3页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

=============================================================================================================一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency)GNP(Gross National Product)Gini coefficientcarbon taxresource recyclingquantitative easinggenetically modified foodurbanization ratio核心竞争力资源配置绿色增长可燃冰社交网络雾霾碳交易二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In1992,Deng underscored the need to follow through on the“modernisation”course that heinitiated in the1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented.These policies,pursued by Deng’s successors,spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.Now,however,Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended.They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between7and7.5per cent.三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a“liveable”one by2020, with“fresh air and a beautiful environment”.Few praise its plaints abound about its congestion,pollution,desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing.Even in the state-controlled media,suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital. Beijing has been China’s capital for most of the past600years.Since the Communist victory in 1949,the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power,the party’s might and their country’s glorious history.To propose a move strikes many as heretical.In recent years,however,some have broken ranks.In2000even China’s then Prime Minister,Zhu Rongji,joined the sceptics.The capital,he declared,might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities.But other problems have grown.Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word“shoudu”,meaning capital,in a different tone so that it sounds like“the most congested”.For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city.The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade.The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested,in newspapers as well as online,that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded.Their privileges,common to all those registered as Beijing citizens(ie,not migrants from other provinces),include readier access thanmost other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities.Some local officials in places favoured by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits.But given the allure of Beijing’s amenities,it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书

育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.英语热点词汇总裁助理assistant president综合治理comprehensive treatment安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based;informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state台独"independence of Taiwan"台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,学姐经验

育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.翻译硕士词汇辨析5award,rewardaward,reward的用法award v.指正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,重难点笔记

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,考研经验

=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.英语倍数句型及其译法英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有一些（如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、（12）等，见圈码）很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,考研大纲

育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.翻译硕士词汇辨析6bewilder,puzzle,confuse,embarrass,perplexbewilder,puzzle,confuse,embarrass,perplex这一组词都有“迷惑”的意思。

2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科知识资料考研真题,真题解析

2016年翻译硕士考研指导传统皮影戏发源于哪个地区？A• A.陕西• B.河北• C.甘肃又称羊皮戏,俗称人头戏,影子戏.发祥于中国陕西，成熟于唐宋时代的秦晋豫，极盛于清代的河北。

顾名思义，皮影是采用皮革为材料制成的，出于坚固性和透明性的考虑，又以牛皮和驴皮为佳。

上色时主要使用红、黄、青、绿、黑等五种纯色的透明颜料。

正是由于这些特殊的材质，使得皮影人物及道具在后背光照耀下投影到布幕上的影子显得瑰丽而晶莹剔透，具有独特的美感。

沿袭传统戏曲的习惯，皮影人物被划分为生、旦、净、末、丑五个类别，更加特别的是，每个人物都由头、上身、下身、两腿、两上臂、两下臂和两手十一件连缀组成，表演者通过控制人物脖领前的一根主杆和在两手端处的两根耍杆来使人物做出各式各样的动作。

在中国，不少的地方戏曲剧种都是从皮影戏中派生出来的，而皮影戏所用的幕影演出道理，以及表演艺术手段，对近代电影的发明和现代电影美术片的发展也起到了重要的先导作用。

中国皮影被世界各国的博物馆争相收藏，同时也是中国政府与其他国家领导人相互往来时的馈赠佳品，由此可见，皮影艺术在中国乃至世界上拥有很高的艺术价值。

82“压轴”最初指的是第几？B• A.倒数第一• B.倒数第二• C.倒数第三“压轴”本是京剧的“术语”。

京剧一场戏如有五出的话，第一出叫作“开锣戏”，第二出名曰“早轴”；第三出为“中轴”；第四出（倒数第二）称之为“压轴”；第五出（最后一出）则叫“大轴”。

有以上五种名称的时代，京剧还不是像现在这样只演出两三个小时的，那时的京剧演出是从大白天就开始——一般是下午一两点钟就唱开锣戏了。

演到了一两个小时之后，一些观众可能有点疲倦啦，就唱一出“硬整”一些的剧目，给大家“提提神”，这就是“早轴子”。

到了快吃完晚饭的时候，再唱一出热闹戏，叫叫座儿，这是“中轴子”的作用。

晚上的演出才是比较重要的“正戏”，要一直演出到半夜才完结呢。

所以，最好的“角儿”、最硬的剧目都要放在最后才拿出来。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士MIT考研真题,招生简章

16年翻译硕士考研详解与指导178、南宋最伟大的爱国主义诗人---陆游-----唱出了时代的最强音。

179、南宋后期—永嘉四灵和江湖派。

180、小说和讲史----是话本的主要内容。

181、宋元话本----确立后世白话小说的基础。

182、韩愈、柳宗元-----文以载道、惟陈言之务去。

183、欧阳修-----北宋文坛的领袖、宋代散文的奠基人。

184、北宋初期诗文革新运动的领导人是-----欧阳修。

185、醉翁亭记----欧阳修抒情散文的代表作。

186、朋党论----欧阳修政论文中的名篇。

187、前赤壁赋----苏轼散文中最富盛名、影响最深远的篇章。

188、唐宋八大家---唐代韩愈和柳宗元、北宋的欧阳修、苏轼、王安石、曾巩、苏洵、苏辙。

189、先天下之忧而忧、后天下之乐而乐----岳阳楼记----范仲淹。

190、范仲淹------开宋词豪放之先风。

191、王安石-----答司马谏议书。

192、王安石一---被列宁誉为“中国十一世纪的改革家”。

193、办洵—六国论。

194、北宋前期的诗歌流派----白居易体、贾岛姚合体、李商隐体。

195、王安石咏史诗----明妃曲两首最为著名。

196、王安石后期成就最高的诗作-----人称王荆公体。

197、春风又绿江南----泊船瓜洲----王安石。

198、黄庭坚-----山谷体-----江西诗派的创始人----与苏轼并称苏黄-----其代表作是寄黄几复。

199、宋代最大的诗歌流派-----江西诗派。

200、一祖三宗-----杜甫为一祖，黄庭坚、陈师道、陈与义为三宗----提倡诗歌语言艺术点石成金、夺胎换骨。

201、杨万里-----与陆游、范成大、尤袤并称"南宋四家"、"中兴四大诗人"。

形成独具特色的诚斋体。

202、示儿----陆游临终的遗嘱，也是诗人最后呼喊的爱国之声。

203、陆游——人称“小李白”。

中国古代最高产的诗人(有诗9000多首)。

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2016年翻译硕士考研指导
世界上最大的宫殿是:(A)
故宫白宫爱丽舍宫克里姆林宫
482.电度表上的一度电表示耗电量为:(B)
1百瓦/小时1千瓦/小时1瓦/小时10瓦/小时
483.郭沫若的诗集有:(C)
《死水》《野草》《女神》《红烛》
484.根据有关规定,职工的试用期最长不得超过:(B)
3个月6个月一年两年
485.中国民间为什么要吃腊八粥?(B)
迎接春节纪念释迦牟尼纪念小寒来临纪念冬天来临
486.发射第一颗人造卫星的国家是:(A)
前苏联美国中国日本
487.《新人口论》的作者是哪国人?(A)
中国人英国人美国人俄国人
488.下列行星中,卫星最多的是:(C)
水星地球土星火星
489.太阳的年龄约有多大?(B)
30亿岁50亿岁80亿岁100亿岁
490.男子竞技体操项目不包括:(C)
单杠鞍马高低杠吊环
491."食色,性也"是谁说的?(A)
孟子孔子老子韩非子
492.被称作东方威尼斯的是:(A)
杭州苏州桂林上海
493.下列哪一个不是我国的领海?(C)
黄海东海北海渤海
494.山东山西的"山"是指:(B)
泰山太行山沂蒙山恒山
495.中国在国际货币基金组织中属于:(B)
观察员正式成员准成员非成员
496.人的心脏共有几个心房和心室?(D)
1个2个3个4个
497.我国第一部在国际电影节上获奖的影片是:(B)《定军山》《渔光曲》《祝福》《红高梁》498.亡羊补牢中的"牢"指的是:(B)
牢房牲口圈院子栅栏
499."打蛇打七寸"的七寸是指:(B)
咽喉心脏头部尾巴
500.以下哪个不属于使馆馆长的级别?(D)
大使公使代办临时代办
501.下列名称不属于二十四节气的是:(C)
谷雨芒种大伏霜降
502.国画《愚公移山》的作者是:(D)
张大千李可染赵无极徐悲鸿
503.Internet最初用作:(A)
军事工业民用商业电信业
504.最清洁的能源是:(B)
石油太阳能煤气沼气
505.世界上最深的海沟位于:(A)
太平洋大西洋北冰洋印度洋
506.康熙皇帝的庙号是:(D)
仁宗太宗穆宗圣祖
507."五角大楼"是美国哪个机构的代称?(B)
中情局国防部信息工程部劳工部
508.四大名茶之一的龙井茶产地是:(B)
浙江绍兴浙江杭州福建安溪
509.我国的海岸线有多少公里?(B)
17000180001900020000
510."二人转"是:(A)
东北曲艺陕北曲艺河南曲艺山东曲艺
1、357英语翻译基础
到了冲刺复习阶段，最好的就是考研历年的翻译真题和前期整理的笔记。

真题可以解决考研翻译中的单词问题、句子结构问题、翻译考点问题;笔记可以将参考书由厚变薄，加快复习进度。

下面强调一下翻译真题的使用方法：
(1)模拟考试，写出译文
之所以要“写出译文”，是因为我们是在“做”翻译，不是“看”翻译。

很多学习英语的人都有这样的经验：明明自己把句子看懂了，也大概理解英语原文，可是就是表达不出来，经常是“只可意会，不可言传”。

问题就在于翻译实践的练习不够，“做”得不够。

(2)精雕细琢，自我提高
首先，要完全理解原文，对原文中不懂的单词，需要翻翻词典，如果这个单词是大纲单词，你没有掌握的话，你需要把这个单词记录下来，以备后面自己作为基础来掌握。

第二，对原文的句子的逻辑和语法结构，需要完全把握。

要记住翻译的原则：让句子更通顺，切不要改变原文的意义。

(3)比对答案，查找问题
翻译中的关键问题，基本上就是以下三个：
1、单词的意思没有掌握，英语原文的词组没有掌握;
2、对原文的逻辑结构和语法结构把握错了，弄错了修饰关系;
3、汉语意思表达的时候不太符合汉语语言习惯。

2、211翻译硕士英语
这个科目的两大学习任务是在广度和深度上提高英语词汇的学习;加大对文章主旨和背景知识的了解和文章写作意图的理解力上。

加强对近义词和反义词的区分和学习。

高级英语要十分重视写作能力和阅读理解能力的提高。

(1)单词记忆
完成易混超难词汇、词汇前后缀、熟词生义、同义词近义词辨析、短语等的记忆，在比较中进行记忆，对单词深化记忆。

(2)阅读理解
阅读专项训练一定要按时按质完成。

经过前期的阅读训练，各位同学的阅读水平应该已经有了一定的基础，以后的阅读复习就要以真题为主，掌握阅读技巧，使阅读理解能力有一个质的飞跃。

同时，通过大量的真题练习和模拟练习来发现问题，学习的落脚点落在答题拿分上。

要研究真题和练习，确定出题者的意图，梳理出清晰的答题思路。

3、448汉语百科知识与写作
(1)名词解释
这部分重点测验的就是考生平时所积累的常识，包括政治经济科技宗教文化等各个方面。

建议广大考试在这阶段重点查看历年真题，梳理出考试的常考点，将知识点精简化、成串化，在理解的基础上，学习用较为准确的语言表达出来，有的词很可能今年这个学校考了明年另一个学校再考。

(2)应用文
应用文写作考的是你写作应用文的能力，本阶段备考的重点仍应该放在写作能力的培养上。

在研究历年真题的基础上，掌握几种主流的应用文写作，非主流的至少要知道格式和大概内容，真的遇到了也知道该怎么写。

(3)大作文
大作文测验的是你的汉语文学功底和写作能力，在强化阶段分话题准备，理清各类话题的基本写作思路。

考研复习一定要有吃苦的勇气和准备。

要几个月如一日地看书是一件十分辛苦的事，很容易迷茫、懈怠和没有信心，这时候一定要坚持，要和别人做做交流。

同时，新东方在线网络课堂考研辅导团队还提醒考生们在注意心理调整的同时也要注意劳逸结合，只有合理的高效率的学习才能达到理想的记忆效果。