(完整版)新编英语语法教程第21讲
新编英语语法教程Subjunctive Mood
V. past perfect form SM
“would / should + have done”
1. supposition of a past situation a. If I had not seen it with my own eyes, I
would not have believed it. If he had received the present, he should have thanked her. If it hadn’t been for their support, we could not have won the election. ==how to make it inverted?
She is very pleased that all her students should pass the exam.
He regrets that he should have told lies to his good friend.
I wonder that she should love a man twenty years older than she.
“I don’t mind your old age and ugliness,” she added.
“God bless me!” replied the famous writer. “But how so?”
“If we could combine,” explained the actress, “our child would have my appearance and your brains and that would be perfect.”
新编英语语法教程 教案 章振邦(上)精编版
教案新编英语语法教程章振邦2016——2017学年度第二学期本课程教学总体安排课程名称：商务英语语法与词汇课程性质与类型：限选课总学时28、学分：2教学目的与要求：1）开设此课，旨在让学生系统学习和掌握各类语法现象，并且学以致用，活学活用，力求避免在使用英语词汇的过程中出现语法错误。
2）帮助学生理解和掌握各类语法现象所使用的规则，以便他们在以后的专业四级考试和工作中恰当地运用英语语法。
3）扩大学生的商务英语词汇量。
教材及参考书目：《新编英语语法教程》章振邦《实用英语语法详解》薄冰《高级英语语法详解》全建强考核方式及成绩计算方法：笔试总成绩=平时成绩X30％ + 考试成绩X70％课程教学日历课程名称：商务英语语法与词汇授课学期：2016—2017学年第一学期第1讲教学安排的说明章节题目：句子结构学时分配：2本章教学目的与要求：谓结构和句子分析基本句型课堂教学方案课题名称、句子结构授课时数：2 授课类型：理论课教学方法与手段：讲授、讨论、指导教学目的的要求：1谓结构和句子分析 2基本句型教学重点、难点：1谓结构和句子分析 2基本句型教学内容及组织安排：1主谓结构和句子分析（1）主语和谓语分句按其逻辑意义，通常分为主语和谓语两大部分。
英语在其长期发展中形成一种相对固定的句子结构：“主语+谓语”的结构。
主语是句子的话题，是信息传递的出发点；谓语是对话题所作的说明，是说话人所要传递的信息。
试观察下列诸句：主语谓语China is a great socialist country．中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。
Marxism-Leninism is a universally applicable truth．马克思列宁主义是放之四海而皆准的真理。
The students have English lessons twice a week．学生们每星期上两堂英语课。
Hans doesn't seem to be taller than Peter．汉斯似乎并不比彼得高。
《新编英语语法教程》章振邦第六版学生用书练习答案)
《新编英语语法教程》答案新编英语语法教程第01讲练习参考答案Ex. 1A1. A. his home workB. quickly, to play2. A. The huge black horseB. the race3. A. have thought aboutB. going into space4. A. warms up and crawlsB. out of the bag5. A. one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescopeB. because of the many rings that surround it6. A. 165 yearsB. to complete its path, or orbit,around the sun7. A. you and your brotherB. How many pairs of shorts8. A. the most expensive meal listed on the menuB. What9. A. an “Outdoor Code”B. their members10. A. can blowB. as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour11. A. The spiral of heated air and moist airB. to twist and grow and spin12. A. The direction a hurricane’s spiral movesB. counterclockwise13. A. does not shineB. At the north pole: for half of the year14. A. The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic OceanB. a very cold place15. A. might have beenB. guilty of murderEx. 1B1. SVCWithin the stricken area, not a single soul remained alive, and the city centre looked as if it had been razed by monster steam-roller.2. SVThe bomb exploded 1,000 ft. above the groun.3. SVOOn August 6, 1945, an American aircraft dropped a bomb on the Janpanesetown of Hiroshima.4. SvoOThree days later, yet another bomb of the same kind gave the town of Nagasaki the same fatal blow.5. SVOCThe explosion made one and a half square miles of the city an expense of reddish rubble.6. SVAWithin the fraction of a second, the bomb changed from a metal cylinder into an immense mass of enpanding gas, millions of degrees hot.7. SVOAA tremendous blast of hot air whirled the debris of stone, cencrete, metal, and wood over the ground.Ex. 1C1. Walden Pond, once praised by Thoreau for its natural beauty, is now the site of many tourist stands.2. Almost every summer night the cooling northeast wind swept through our bedroom windows, marking air conditioning unnecessary and a light blanket welcome. / Swepping through our bedroom windows almost every summer night, the cooling northeast wind made…3. The steep surrounding slopes were capped with snow, which fed two streams plunging down to join in the valley below.4. With the river on one side and a large tree providing shade, this is a good spot for a picnic, and we can spread our blanket on the grassy knoll.5. Panting for breath after running up the stairs, Mr wood stood at his neighbour’s door and knocked again and again till someone opened it.6. The town folk envied horace, who had come into a small fortune with which he bought a big house and obtained a partnership in the biggest grocery in town.7. Standing in front of the mirror, Jim looked at his image, wondering at the big change that had come over him in recent years.8. The idea that his only daughter whom he had greatly wronged might never forgive him almost drove hime mad.9. The story, written in plain language, consists of three parts with an interesting plot centering round an aristocratic family living in 17th century France.10. Mud-covered and shivering, John sat hunched over a bowl of hot broth prepared by his father to drive off the chill.11. Far above the waters of a beautiful lake and over the tops of the tall pime trees growing on the steep of a hill stand five Chinese-style pavilions.12. Farther down the street, the old man stopped and leaned against a lamp-post, listening to a cheerful song coming out of a restaurant on theoppsite side of the street.13. Sarah sank in the nearest chair, completely exhausted, her limbs stiff with cold, her mind a piece of blank.14. Throughout the day Mrs Rymer behaved very properly, her pleasant, refined face wearing a grave look, her elegant figure wrapped in deep mourning while occasionally she uttered a sigh or a sob.15. Tony thought it necessary to break the news to his family, that Mr Jacob, his former employer, had promised him a half-day job at 20 poundsa week.16. The thought that he might have wronged his friend who had rendered him good services on many occasions troubled his mind, already overburdened with worries and cares.17. The men of the disbanded royal bodyguard, suddenly turned loose onto the street of a capital seething with unrest, unemployed and perhaps disgruntled at their abrupt dismissal, were a potentially dangerous element.18. For many years London has been a business centre with hotel accommadation for visiting businessmen toghter with well-to-do travellers but completely inadequate for the swarms of shour-stay tourists landing at Heathrow or disembarking at Dover.19. Nearing the top, he climbed recklessly faser and faster, his eyes already glowing with triumph, but suddenly he slipped and fell, tumbling to the ground and lying motionless there, a crumpled pile of arms and legs.20. Bertrand Russell was one of the very few persons who have received both the Order of Merit, which was conferred on him by the British government in 1949, and the Nobel Prize for literature, conferred in Norway in 1950.新编英语语法教程第02讲练习参考答案Ex. 2A1. come2. are3. has / have4. are5. are6. are7. was / were8. is9. costs 10. were 11. are 12. are 13. was 14. are 15. lie 16. were 17. are 18. is 19. is 20. was 21. Has 22. were 23. is 24. is 25. are 26. is 27. are 28. cover, are 29. is / are 30. was/wereEx. 2B1. were2. have3. is, is4. was5. were6. is7. is8. are9. is 10. are, are11. have 12. are, their, their 13. was, It, was 14, It / They, is / are 15. are, their, they, disapprove 16. were, they 17. was 18. are 19. were 20. were新编英语语法教程第03讲练习参考答案Ex. 3A1. is2. was3. is4. has5. were6. means7. is8. is9. is 10. is 11. were 12. sells 13. is 14. are 15. are 16.are 17. is 18. is 19. was 20.provides 21. are 22. was 23. stops 24. is 25. is 26. does 27. produces 28. is 29. is 30. wasEx. 3B1. ’s2. are3. is4. are5. is6. was7. is8. were9.is 10. ’s 11. is 12. is, is, is 13. are 14. is 15. have 16. is 17. are 18. looks 19. are 20. are 21. understand 22.has 23. was 24. have 25. was 26. was 27. are 28. is 29.is 30. was 31. is 32. is / are 33. leaves 34. is / are 35. are 36. are 37. is 38. comes 39. is 40. live 41. are 42. points/ point 43. are 44. is 45. are 46. was 47. is / are 48. is 49. has 50. wasEx. 3C1. is / are2. is / are3. is4. is / are5. is / are6. remain7. is8. are9. has / have 10.care / cares 11. is 12. plays 13. is 14. am 15. are / is 16. was 17. is, has 18. was 19. come 20. is新编英语语法教程第04讲练习参考答案Ex. 4A1. description2. arrangement3. attendance4. peculiarity5. expectation6. argument7. dependence 8. originality 9. exaggeration 10. measurement 11. purity 12. persistence 13. extension 14. statement 15. generosity 16. entrance 17. loneliness18. forgetfulness 19. happiness 20. seriousnessEx. 4B1. strange sounds2. foods are3. chief, tribes, their, salmon (s)4. The runners-up were given pound notes / The runners-up were each given a pound note.5. bodies, their heroes6. mice, tooth-marks7. Crises, occur, families8. / 9. / 10. these businesses 11. / 12. fruitsare13. / 14. these articles are well written 15. / 16. several personal kindnesses17. / 18. sufferings 19. professors 20. children are playing, sandsEx. 4C1. experience2. waters3. for advice4. an important piece of information5. for it is fun6. were not numerous7. Poultry8. directors are9. militia 10. geniuses 11. merchandise has 12. sympathies 13. experiences 14. were times, rivalry 15. clippings, were16. lookers-on 17. foliage is 18. photos 19. 12-pages 20. Luggage isEx. 4D1. blade2. piece3. choir4. flash5. lump6. gang7. grain8. head9. staff 10. collection 11. fleet 12. cluster 13. bundle 14. bunch 15. team 16. piece 17. ear 18. bar 19. herd 20. pack 21. flock 22. crowd / swarm 23. troupe 24. bench 25. grove 26. collection 27. suite 28. squadron 29. band 30. libraryEx. 4E1-5 BCADC 6-10 CBDAB 11-15 ADBBC 16-20 BDCAB新编英语语法教程第05讲练习参考答案Ex. 5A1. my father has a car2. the bull has horns3. the prisoner escaped4. her parents consented5. somebody released the prisoner6. somebody assassinated the President7. a letter from the general / the general sent a letter8. the crowd felt sympathy9. a college for women10. a summer day, a day in the summer11. the earth has a (rough) surface12. the absence lasted ten days13. a doctoral degree, a doctorate14. the bird made the nest15. the committee made a report16. a story told by the girl / the girl told a story17. the volcano erupted18. the victim had courage / the victim was courageous19. somebody punished the boy20. the critics recevied the play in a hostile mannerEx. 5B1. The comedian performed, and he was well received by a huge audience.这位喜剧演员的演出很受广大观众的欢迎。
新编英语语法教程讲
9.
exaggeration
10. measurement 11. purity
12.
persistence
13. extension
14. statement
15.
generosity
第5页/共27页
II. Number forms of nouns
1. Regular and irregular plural a) Regular plural (p.p. 42-44) b) Irregular plural (p.p. 44-45)
类别
定义
例词
按 构 词 法
按 词 汇 意 义
按语 法特 征
简单名词 复合名词
派生名词
普 个体名词 通 集体名词 名 物质名词 词 抽象名词
专有名词
可数名词 单数式 复数式
不可数名词
包含一个自由词素的名词 由两个或两个以上自由词 素合成的名词 由动词、形容词、简单 名词+词缀构成的名词
man, chair, land, ship armchair, farmland, seaside, roommate arrangement, expectation, ability, greatness
“What a mess!” she said,
若要计数，就 得使用语义上 与之对应的个
体名词
He joined in the laughter.
with a laugh.
He looked shocked, then This scene gets one of the
burst into laughter.
2）“of + 名词” 格：用于无生命的名词之后，作该名词的 后置定语。 （参见 b) ， p. 55）
新概念英语第一册第21课Lesson21课文单词知识点
Lesson21MAN: Give me a book please, Jane. WOMAN: Which book? WOMAN: This one? MAN: No, not that one. The red one. WOMAN: This one? MAN: Yes, please. WOMAN: Here you are. MAN: Thank you. 男人：请拿本书给我，简。
女人：哪一本?女人：是这本吗?男人：不，不是那本。
是那本红皮的。
女人：这本吗?男人：是的，请给我。
女人：给你。
男人：谢谢。
【知识点讲解】1. 今天我们来学习一种新的句型：祈使句，Imperative Sentence 。
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。
祈使句的主语一般都省略，直接用动词原形开头。
比如课文中的：Give me a book please. 这里如果用完整的表达是You give a book please. 但除非是要强调You，一般很少这么表达。
再举几个例子：Be quiet, please. 或Please be quiet. ——请安静。
在祈使句中please放在句首句尾都是可以的。
这里可以看到用到的是be动词原形。
Sit down, please. ——请坐下。
Look out! 或Watch out! ——小心!2. which这个疑问词我们之前提到过，表示对确切物体的询问。
which和what 的区别是：前者用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合，后者用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合。
比如：Which color is your car, black or white? 你的车是什么颜色?黑色或白色?(确切地在黑与白中间提问)What color is your car? 你的车是什么颜色的?(不确定是什么颜色，没有限制)另外课文当中的which one是which book的省略。
(完整版)新概念英语第一册第21课(共28张PPT)
精讲课文
本课语言点
1.Give me a book please,Jane. 此句为祈使句。主语you省略，Βιβλιοθήκη 后加please，表示客气的请求。
=Give a book to me,please. give后面接复合宾语， 直接宾语为a book， 间接宾语为me。
本课语言点 2.Which book？哪一本书？
本课重点语法（二）
请用适当的人称代词填空。 Give Sophie a ruler.
=Give a ruler to her. Give Lucy and Kate a book.
=Give a book to them . Give Lucy and me a cake.
=Give a cake to us .
eg: (You) Sit down, please. （您）请坐！
eg: (You) don't talk in class, please. 请（你们）不要上课讲话！
本课重点语法（二）
双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。
1.直接宾语 → 物 2.间接宾语 → 人
3.间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后， 但它不能单独存在。它和直接宾 语组成双宾语。
5.Yes，please.是的，请给我。
一种省略的说法，常用与口语中。
会拼读新单词，学习新单词 的用法
New words and expressions
1. give [giv] v.给 give 后面如果紧跟的 是代词，就必须用宾格
give sb sth give sth to sb 把...给某人
2. one pron.一个
迪睿教育
New words and expressions
高一英语Unit21(Ving)动词的用法课件
Dustin Hoffman is famous for his role acting as a woman. ( 短语后置） The girl singing on the stage is my sister.
Compare
The amusing play = the play that is amusing. The girl singing on the stage = The girl who is singing on the stage.
Doing 作主语 Doing …. + V + O In many countries, shaking heads means “no” and nodding heads means “yes”.
2. 作宾语 (动词宾语和介词宾语） He finished reading the book yesterday. I enjoy learning English. (动词宾语） I am fond of watching TV. （介词宾语）
以下动词须用doing 做宾语
enjoy, finish, suggest, appreciate, practice, try, risk, consider, miss, mind, delay, avoid, + doing need, require, want + doing = need to be done give up, can’t help, look forward, have trouble …. +doing
即时巩固练习⑹
《新编英语语法教程》(第6版)答案21
Ex. 21A1. I was sorry to learn…2. You will be sad to hear…3. They would be very surprised to receive…4. She is happy to have found…5. I was afraid to go…6. Bob was pleased to hear…7. I am very anxious to meet you.8. We were delighted to receive your telegram.9. You were sensible to stay indoors.10. The clerk was prompt to answer the call.11. This rule is easy to remember.12. We are reluctant to leave this neighbourhood.13. Our house is difficult to heat.14. Are you ready to leave?15. You would be foolish to go out in this weather.16. John is quick to see the point.17. He is very keen to get on.18. We are proud to have him as a friend.19. I was rude not to answer your letter.20. We are happy to have you with us this evening.Ex. 21B1. His decision to resign surprised all of us.2. He showed no inclination to leave.3. Her resolution never to marry baffled all offers of love.4. The City Council approved the proposal to build a new dam on the river.5. Their readiness to accept the peace arrangement really surprised the diplomatic world.6. He refused the invitation to write another article on the subject.7. The people of a country should have the freedom to choose their own social system.8. There is no need for you to start so early.9. I am not under the obligation to render him any financial support.10. They have the ability to wage biological warfare.11. He is not a man to be frightened by the threat of war.12. There are plans to be made at once.13. This is a day never to be forgotten.14. Give me the names of the people to contact.15. The next train to arrive is from Edinburgh.16. The last problem to be considered at our next meeting is how to invest the money.17. Was Cortes the first European ever to see the Pacific Ocean?18. The best man to see for your eye trouble is the professor of ophthalmology.19. The way to get into the building is to slip in through the kitchen.20. The first man to fly non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.Ex. 21C1. Environmental pollution is a hard problem to be coped with.2. There is no time to lose. We must start at once.3. This is an infectious disease to be wiped out in a few years.4. There was no sound to be heard.5. I’ve spent two days here. There is nothing to see.6. This is a good book in which there is much to be learnt.7. This is an item of information not to say to any other people.8. This is a difficult question to answer.9. At the sound of footsteps outside the window, I stole out of the room, but there was nothing to be seen.10. He is a man to be reckoned with.11. She was firm in her refusal to accept his offer of marriage.12. I have accepted the invitation to go to their school for an exchange of experience.13. I need a box to hold the chessmen.14. What is there to be proud of?15. He always thinks that the bed is a good place to read detective stories.16. Every day I have a lot of question to consider.17. The only way to deal with her is not to give an inch.18. She is not a woman to be trifled with.19. My brother was the third person to be interviewed.20. You have left me very little to say.Ex. 21D1. …supposed her to be a widow.2. …felt the plan to be unwise.3. …admit him to be a genius.4. …declared the book to be obscene.5. …found the overhead projector to be invaluable as a teaching aid.6. …thought the film to be highly original.7. …conside red the speaker to have overstated his case.8. …showed the man’s alibi to be a complete fabrication.9. …assumed the construction of such a building to be impracticable whereas…believed it to be perfectly feasible.10. …revealed himself to b e a master of the keyboard.11. …knew him to be a man of integrity.12. …discovered ￡20,000 worth of precious stones to be missing.13. …thought it to be impossible…14. …understands it to be impossible…15. …acknowledge many of their predictions to have been over-optimistic.16. …that their informant was reliable.17. …that the situation is now under control.18. …that it was unlikely…19. …that it was cruel…20. …that what he said was based on fact.21. …that it was likely…22. …that his long-term optimism was justified.23. …that his party has little chance of…24. …that the ascent had taken nearly five and a half hours.25. …that his evidence had been perjured.26. …that earlier theories were incorrect.27. …the gain in reserves was / has been…28. …knowing that they had been stolen.29. …that their candidate was unacceptable to them.30. …that its implementation was desirable.Ex. 21Ea) 1. so that it should / might look2. so that there should be3. so as not to get4. so as not to leave5. so that the room should look6. so as to avoid7. so as to have8. so that we should not have9. so as to have10.So that I should not have11.so that it should not get12.so that it should be13.so as not to get14.so as to cover15.so that my arms should not get16.so as not to get17.So that the brush should not get18.so that it may / can be used19.so that it shall not get 20.so as to useb)1. so kind as to invite2. so (that) I was3. so happy that I danced4. to get5. so unfortunate as not to have6. for the snow to be7. so thick as to cover8. cold enough to freeze9. so (that) I had10.so kind as to send11.for it to arrive12.too excited to untie13.so (that) I cut14.for me to wear。
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Eg:
A person certainly loses when he gives up trying.
Plus, who can resist starting the day with chocolate.
I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.
21:--- ING Participle
Hey:
we are team 6 ~
We want to tell you :
因为我人们这组的内容非常的少，为了让每个 人都拥有展示自己的机会
所以嘞~ 我们将内容分成了两个部分 ----- 六位同学讲解书本上得语法知识 ----- 两位同学专门讲解题目（因为题目很多） So : 我们八位都参加了活动哦~
eg:
She insisted on me going. 解析： 在这一例中，going的主语是me， 如果略去了me，那就成了“她坚持要去”， 而不是“她坚持要我去”了
• -ing分词的逻辑主语既能采用名词通格和 名词属格形式，也能采用代词宾格和物主 限定词形式。eg：
John
– I don’t mind { John’s } buying another one.
“to” and “about”.
trick mislead shame surprise
talk beguile blackmail cajole coerce
fool deceive
+ sb + into +doing
His mother tricked him into doing homework by pretending that she would tell his father.
21.1 -ing participle
（2）. Verb + Object + prep.+ -ing participle
Speaker : sandy
In English, some verbs can not directly bring
-ing participle , and they have to be added
2,-ing分词的逻辑主语已在句中其他地 方出现，因而也无需表示出来。
eg:
Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow？ 显然，这里-ing分词的逻辑主语就是 主句的主语you。
3 -ing分词本身带有自己的主语，因而必 须表示出来。这主要见于-ing分词的主语没 有在句中其他地方出现过，如果不表现出来， 往往回产生歧义。
EG： 1, The accused man denies that he has ever met her.
=The accused man denies metting her.
2,I suggest that you tear up the letter and start over again.
Now: Let’s start our show !
TEAM 6
21.1---ing分Fra bibliotek与动词的搭配关系
主讲人：叶景超
1,能带-ing分词而不能带不定式的
动词：
英语中有一些动词能带-ing分词而 不能带不定式结构作宾语 A：admit, acknowledge, anticipate, advocate, appreciate, avoid, B：can’t help, can’t resist, can’t stand, consider, contemplate, D：defer, delay, deny, detest, dislike, don’t mind,
him his
• 在口语中倾向于用名词通格和代词宾格。
以下所列: acknowledge，admit，advocate，anticipate，appreciate， deny，fancy，imagine，suggest，report以及mean（entail），
mention，propose，recall，recollect，understand等动词，既 能直接带-ing分词结构也能直接带that-分句
I hope you will pardon me doing so. I wish you would stop bumming about (闲逛）and look for job.
关于-ing分词的逻辑主语（Logical Subject），有三种情况：
1,在特定的语境中，-ing分词的逻辑主语 对于谈话双方是很显然的，所以没必要 表示出来 eg： Father suggested going by bus. 解析： 谁乘公共汽车去，有多少人去， 去的人中是否包括父亲在内，这在特定 的场合下，听到这句话人是不会误解的。
E：ensure, enjoy, escape, excuse, evade, facilitate, fancy, favour, finish G：give up I： imagine, include, K: keep on, M: mine, miss, P: pardon, postpone, practise, put off, R: resent, report, risk, S: stop, suggest 等
objects and prepositions first, and then you can add -ing
participle.
Some common prepositions in English are “into” and “from”. Also ,there are many
other prepositions , such as “in” “on” “of”
= I suggest you tearing up the letter and starting over
again.
3,I recall that I saw a poster on the wall.
= I recall seeing a poster on the wall.
Thanks for your listening!