2014年mba综合试题6.13
2014级MBA管理学试题
石家庄经济学院研究生2014/2015学年第一学期考试试题A 卷（共3 页）课程名称：＿管理学＿学科专业：＿工商管理 MBA 考试形式：闭卷一、简答题（选5题，每题7分，共35分）1. 企业外部环境重点内容的调研包括哪些？2．科层制组织的主要特征?科层制组织的变革趋势？3．国际化企业的几个阶段？各阶段的特征？4. 在当今竞争日益激烈的全球环境中，管理者面临的主要挑战5. 超现代管理思潮兴起的原因有哪些? 超现代管理学范式有哪些? 超现代管理学的方法论特点？6.新现代泰勒主义与泰勒主义区别何在?7.简述波特和劳勒的激励模式，并陈述这一理论对我们有哪些启示？8. 企业家精神与企业文化的关系。
9.战略管理理论发展历程以及理论演变的基本规律？10.奥地利学派租金理论的主要核心内容以及主要观点。
二、分析题（选二题，共20分）1．某企业生产某种产品，年生产能力为40万只。
该产品目前市场需求甚旺，但同行竞争激烈。
该企业产品在前几年曾获优质产品称号，后因放松质量管理，造成产品质量下降，严重影响企业信誉，企业经济效益下降，近三年来，销售情况和成本费用资料如下表：年份2006 2007 2008项目销售量（万只） 28 30 30单位变动费用（元/只） 38 37 39固定费用（万元） 300 300 300预计今年因原材料价格上涨，单位变动费用要增加10%，为确保今年制定的380万元的目标利润，厂长召开会议征求各部门意见：销售科意见：采用薄利多销策略，在目前产品单价63元的基础上降价一元，创产品销售量预计可达37万只，实现目标利润无问题。
生产科意见：进行产品质量整顿，使产品质量恢复到原来水平，保持价格不变，只要促销34万只，实现目标利润也无问题。
技术科意见：除应抓好产品质量外，还要加强经营管理，降低物耗，只要单位变动费用在上年的基础上增加不超过5%，产品销售量达到上年30万只左右的水平，实现目标利润也不会有问题。
2014管理类联考综合真题(含答案)
(A)3亿元
(B)3.6亿元
(C)3.9亿元
(D) 4.5亿元
(E)5.1亿元
7. 甲、乙两人上午8: 00分别从A、B两地出发相向而行，9: 00第一次相遇，之后速度均提高了1.5公里／小 时 ，甲到B地 、乙到A地后都立刻沿原路返回，若两人在10: 30第二次相遇，则A、B两地的距离为（ ）．
(A) 5.6公里
33. 近10年来， 某电脑公司的个人笔记本电脑的销量待续增长， 但其增长率低于该公司所有产品总销晕的增长 率。 以下哪项关于该公司的陈述与上述信息相冲突？ (A)近10年来， 该公司个人笔记本电脑的销量每年略有增长。 (B)个人笔记本电脑销量占该公司产品总销量的比例近10年来由68%上升到72%。 (C)近10年来， 该公司总销最增长率与个人笔记本电脑的销犀增长率每年同时增长。 (D)近10年来， 该公司个人笔记本电脑的销量占该公司产品总销量的比例逐年下降。 (E)个人笔记本电脑的销量占该公司总销量的比例近10来由64%下降到49%。
().
() A 910
(B)1石
(C)110
() D 15 -
（ E ） 2一5
.1 2 如图3所示，正方体 A B C D — A'B''C D'的棱长为, 2 F是棱长'C D'的中点，则F A 的长为（ ）．
A
一图3
(A)3
(B) 5
(C)2劝
(D)2迈
(E)西 2
.1 3 已知直线l是圆好＋沪= 5在 点(, 1 ) 2 的切线，则ly 在 轴上的截距是（ ）．
26. 随着 光纤网络带来的网速大幅度提高，高速下载电影、在线观看大片都不再是困扰我们的问题。即使在社会 生产力水平较低的国家，人们也可以通过网络随时随地获得最快的信息，最贴心的服务和最佳体验。有专家 据此认为：光纤网络将大幅提高人们的生活质量。 以下哪项如果为真，最能质疑该专家的观点？ (A)即使没有光纤网络，同样可以创造高品质的生活。 (B)快捷的网络服务可能使人们把大量 时间消耗在娱乐上。 (C)随着高速网络的普及，相关上网费用随之增加。 (D)网络上所获得的贴心服务和美妙体验有时候是虚幻的。 (E)人们生活质量的提高仅决定于社会生产力的发展水平。
2014年MBA真题解析
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合能力试题一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1.【答案】E.2。
解析：方法一：奖品均价为280元，则26个奖项共728028026=⨯元，设一等奖个数为x ，其他奖品个数为y ，根据已知条件，建立等量关系，则有⎩⎨⎧=+=+728027040026y x y x ，解得⎩⎨⎧==242y x ，则一等奖的个数有2个，故答案为E 。
方法二：十字交叉法。
一等奖与其他奖的个数之比为1:12，由于共有26个奖品，所以一等奖有2个。
2.【答案】B.7。
解析：设甲公司每周工时费为x 万元，乙公司每周工时费为y 万元，根据已知条件，建立等量关系；则⎩⎨⎧=+=+961861001010y x y x ，解得⎩⎨⎧==37y x ，则甲公司每周工时费为7万元，故答案为B 。
3.【答案】B.12。
解析：如图所示，利用等底同高的三角形面积相等，C 为BF 的中点可知△ACF 面积与△ABC 相等都为2，再根据AE =3AB ，可知BE =2AB ，即△BFE 为△ABF 的2倍，△ABF 的面积为4，因此△BFE 的面积为8，所以△AEF 面积为12，选B 。
4.【答案】B.3升。
解析：不妨假设该容器的容积为x ，则容易知道第一次倒出1升，则剩余的溶质为()%901⨯-x ，则再加入1升水后，溶液浓度为()x x %901⨯-，再倒出1升剩余的溶质为()()x x x %9011⨯-⨯-，再加入1升水后溶液的浓度为()()x xx x ÷⨯-⨯-%9011，根据题意，则有()%40%90122=⨯-x x ，解得x =3，选B 。
5.【答案】E.23-32π。
解析：如下图所示，连接点A O 1，B O 1，A O 2，B O 2，因为圆A 与圆B 的半径均为1，则边21O O 为1，显然21O AO ∆与21O BO ∆均为边长为1的等边三角形，因此菱形21BO AO 的面积为233121=⨯⨯，且可求得扇形B AO 1面积为313601202ππ=⨯⨯︒︒，因此下图中小阴影面积总和的一半为233-π，由此可知原题所求的阴影部分面积为扇形面积与下图中小阴影面积一半加和，则阴影面积为23-322333πππ=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+，故答案为E 。
2014年管理类联考综合真题与答案解析
2014年管理类综合能力真题及解析一、问题求解：第1～15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1. 某部门在一次联欢活动中共设了26个奖，奖品均价为280元，其中一等奖单价为400元，其他奖品均价为270元，一等奖的个数为( )(A)6 (B)5 (C)4 (D)3 (E)22. 某单位进行办公室装修，若甲、乙两个装修公司合做，需10周完成，工时费为100万元;甲公司单独做6周后由乙公司接着做18周完成，工时费为96万元.甲公司每周的工时费为( )(A)7.5万元(B)7万元(C)6.5万元(D)6万元(E)5.5万元二、条件充分性判断：第16~25小题，每小题3分，共30分。
要求判断每题给出的条件(1)和条件(2)能否充分支持题干所陈述的结论。
A、B、C、D、E五个选项为判断结果，请选择一项符合试题要求的判断，在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
(A)条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分.(B)条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分.(C)条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分.(D)条件(1)充分，条件(2)也不充分.(E)条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分.16. 已知曲线l:y=a+bx-6x2+x3.则(a+b-5)(a-b-5)=0.(1)曲线l过点(1，0).(2)曲线l过点(-1，0).17. 不等式|x2+2x+a|≤1的解集为空集.(1)a<0.(2)a>2.18. 甲、乙、丙三人的年龄相同.(1)甲、乙、丙的年龄成等差数列.(2)甲、乙、丙的年龄成等比数列.19. 设x是非零实数.则x3+=18.(1)x+=3.(2)x2+=7.20. 如图4,O是半圆的圆心，C是半圆上的一点，OD⊥AC,则能确定OD的长.(1)已知BC的长.(2)已知AO的长.21. 方程x2+2(a+b)x+c2=0有实根.(1)a,b,c是一个三角形的三边长.(2)实数a,c,b成等差数列.22. 已知二次函数f(x)=ax2+bx+c.则能确定a,b,c的值.(1)曲线y=f(x)经过点(0,0)和点(1,1).(2)曲线y=f(x)与直线y=a+b相切.23. 已知袋中装有红、黑、白三种颜色的球若干个.则红球最多.(1)随机取出的一球是白球的概率为.(2)随机取出的两球中至少有一个黑球的概率小于.24. 已知M={a,b,c,d,e}是一个整数集合.则能确定集合M.(1)a,b,c,d,e的平均值为10.(2)a,b,c,d,e的方差为2.25. 已知x,y为实数.则x2+y2≥1.(1)4y-3x≥5.(2)(x-1)2+(y-1)2≥5.三、逻辑推理：第26～55小题，每小题2分，共60分。
2014年管理类联考综合能力真题及参考答案
2014年管理类联考综合能力真题参考答案一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
1、某部门在一次联欢活动中共设26个奖，奖品均价为280元，其中一等奖单价为400元，其他奖品均价为270元，一等奖的个数为A 6B 5C 4D 3E 2【答案】E 解析：设一等奖有x个，根据题意得，解得x=2,故选E。
2. 某公司进行办公室装修，若甲乙两个装修公司合做，需10周完成，工时费为100万元，甲公司单独做6周后由乙公司接着做18周完成，工时费为96万元，甲公司每周的工时费为A 7.5万元B. 7万元C. 6.5万元D. 6万元E. 5.5万元【答案】B 解析：设甲公司每周的工时费为x，乙公司每周的工时费为y，根据题意得，解这个方程组得x=7,y=8.故答案为B3. 如图1，已知AE=3AB,BF=2BC,若三角形ABC的面积为2，则三角形AEF的面积为A.14B. 12C. 10D. 8E. 6【答案】B 解析：根据点把边长截成的比例计算面积的比例，答案为B4. 某公司投资一个项目，已知上半年完成预算的，下半年完成了剩余部分的，此时还有8千万投资未完成，则该项目的预算为A.3亿元B.3.6亿元C.3.9亿元D. 4.5亿元E. 5.1亿元【答案】B 解析：设该项目的预算为a,根据题意得，解得答案为B5. 如图2，圆A与圆B的半径为1，则阴影部分的面积为A. B. C. D. E.【答案】E 解析：连接AB，根据等边三角形的性质解得答案为E6.某容器中装满了浓度为90%的酒精，倒出1升后用水装满，摇匀后又倒出1升，再用水将容器注满，已知此时酒精浓度为40%，则该容器的容积是A.2.5升B. 3升C. 3.5升D. 4升E. 4.5升【答案】B 解析：设容器的容积为x，则由题意得，解得x=3,故选B7.已知为等差数列，且，则=A.27 B .45 C.54 D. 81 E. 162【答案】D 解析：由题意得：，= =818.甲乙两人上午8：00分别从A,B两地出发相向而行，9：00第一次相遇，最后速度均提高了1.5公里/小时，甲到B，乙到A后立刻返回，若两人在10：30再次相遇，则A,B两地的距离为A.5.6公里B. 7公里C. 8公里D. 9公里E.9.5公里【答案】D 解析：假设原来甲乙两人的速度分别为x, y ,两地之间的距离为L，根据题意列方程解出L=9,故选D9. 掷一枚均匀的硬币若干次，当正面次数向上大于反面次数向上时停止，则在4次之内停止的概率是A. B. C. D. E.【答案】C 解析：分类讨论，若第一次正面向上，则停止，概率为二分之一，不可能投掷两次，若投掷三次，则第一次定为反面，后两次为正面，概率为八分之一，将这两种情况的概率相加即可10.若几个质数的乘机为770，则这几个质数的和为A.85B. 84C. 128D.26E. 25【答案】E 解析：分解质因数：11. 已知直线l是圆在点（1，2）处的切线，则l在y轴上的截距是A B. C. D. E. 5【答案】D 解析：因为直线l是圆在点（1，2）处的切线，所以直线L为,故截距为D12. 如图3，正方体的棱长为2，F是棱的中点，则AF的长为A.3B. 5C.D.E.【答案】A 解析：立体几何内勾股定理的应用13. 在某项活动中将3男3女6名志愿者随机分成甲乙丙三组，每组2人，则每组志愿者都是异性的概率为A. B. C. D. E.【答案】E 解析：典型的古典概型分组问题，由题意得概率14. 某工厂在半径为5cm的球形工艺品上镀上一层装饰金属，厚度为0.01cm，已知装饰金属的原材料为棱长20cm的正方体，则加工10000个该工艺品需要多少个这样的正方体A.2B. 3C. 4D. 5E. 20【答案】C 解析：球形物体体积的计算15. 某单位决定对4个部门的经理进行轮岗，要求每位经理必须轮换到4个部门的其他部门任职，则不同的轮岗方案有A.3种B. 6种C. 8种D. 9种E. 10种【答案】D 解析：错排原理，直接用错排公式，答案为D二、条件充分性判断：第16~25小题，每小题3分，共30分。
2014年MBA联考英语真题及答案解析
2014年MBA联考英语真题及答案解析(1~20/共20题) ClozeDirections: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Thinner isn´t always better. A number of studies have____1____that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases, compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually____2____. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ____3____, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an____4____of good health.Of even greater____5____is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined____6____body mass index, or BMI. BMI____7____body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be moral weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity,____8____, can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem____9____, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,____10____others with a low BMI may be in poor____11____. For example, many collegiate and professional football players____12____as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small flame may have high body fat but a____13____BMI. Today we have a(n)____14____to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes____15____in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes____16____with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.____17____very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes towards obesity,____18____in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity____19____. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign____20____children obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.第1题____A.concludedB.ensuredC.doubtedD.denied第2题____A.dangerousB.protectiveC.sufficientD.troublesome第3题____A.InsteadC.LikewiseD.Therefore第4题____A.objectiveB.indicatorC.originD.example第5题____A.impactB.relevanceC.assistanceD.concern第6题____A.in favor ofB.in case ofC.in terms ofD.in respects of 第7题____A.equalsB.determinesC.measuresD.modifies第8题____A.in turnB.in contrastC.in essenceD.in part第9题____plicatedB.conservativeC.variableD.straightforward 第10题____A.soB.unlessC.since第11题____A.shapeB.spiritC.balanceD.taste第12题____A.startB.qualifyC.stayD.retire第13题____A.strangeB.constantC.normalD.changeable 第14题____A.optionB.tendencyC.opportunityD.reason第15题____A.employedB.picturedC.imitatedD.monitored 第16题____paredbinedC.settledD.associated 第17题____A.YetB.StillC.EvenD.Only第18题____A.despisedB.ignoredC.correctedD.grounded第19题____A.discussionsB.businessesC.policiesD.studies第20题____A.againstB.forC.withoutD.with下一题(21~25/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Text 1What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria MacKenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. The blogosphere is full of advice for this lucky Powerball pensioner. But if she hopes her new-found lucre will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read "Happy Money" by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton.These two academics—she teaches psychology at the University of British Columbia; he lectures on marketing at Harvard Business School-use an array of behavioural research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and palatial homes on remote bluffs. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; remorse creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dunn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time—as stories or memories—particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck". It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason McDonald´s restricts the availability of its popular McRib—a marketinggimmick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of "Happy Money" are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors´ policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.第21题According to Dunn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?A.A rich mealB.A special tourC.A stylish carD.A big house第22题The author´s attitude toward Americans´ watching TV is ______.A.criticalB.supportiveC.sympatheticD.ambiguous第23题McRib is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to show that ______.A.popularity usually comes after qualityB.consumers are sometimes irrationalC.marketing tricks are often effectiveD.rarity generally increases pleasure第24题According to the last paragraph, Happy Money ______.A.may prove to be a worthwhile purchaseB.has left much room for readers´ criticismC.has predicated a wider income gap in the USD.may give its readers a sense of achievement第25题This text mainly discusses how to ______.A.balance feeling good and spending moneyB.spend large sums of money won in lotteriesC.obtain lasting satisfaction from money spentD.become more reasonable in spending on luxuries上一题下一题(26~30/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Text 2An article in Scientific American has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you´re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing (to use the psychological terminology) strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the "above average effect", or "illusory superiority", and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving (across the ages and genders) and 85% at getting on well with others-all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. We strut around thinking we´re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a lineup including versions that had been morphed to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is "an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation". If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image-which most did-they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored pictures were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem. "I don´t think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion," says Epley. "It´s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves." If you are depressed, you won´t be self-enhancing.Knowing the results of Epley´s study, it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves so viscerally-on one level, they don´t even recognize the person in the picture as themselves. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer´s paradise, where people can share only the flukiest of flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyles. It´s not that people´s profiles are dishonest, says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University, "but they portray an idealized version of themselves". (People are much more likely to out-and-out lie on dating websites, to an audience of strangers. )第26题According to the first paragraph, social psychologists have found that ______.A.our self-ratings are unrealistically highB.illusory superiority is a baseless effectC.self-enhancing strategies are ineffectiveD.our need for leadership is unnatural第27题Visual recognition is believed to be people´s ______.A.rapid matchingB.intuitive responseC.automatic self-defenseD.conscious choice第28题Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to ______.A.underestimate their insecuritiesB.cover up their depressionsC.believe in their attractivenessD.oversimplify their illusions第29题The word "viscerally" (Line 2, Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to ______.A.occasionallyB.instinctivelyC.particularlyD.aggressively第30题It can be inferred Face book is a self-enhancers paradise because people can ______.A.present their dishonest profilesB.withholds their unflattering sidesC.define their traditional lifestylesD.share their intellectual pursuits上一题下一题(31~35/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Text 3The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and fragile recoveries. And yet, it would be a mistake to think we are right now simply experiencing the painful side of a boom and bust cycle. Certain jobs have gone away for good, outmoded by machines. Since technology has such an insatiable appetite for eating up human jobs, this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can´t immediately foresee.When there is exponential improvement in the price and performance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be immune from automation suddenly become threatened. This argument has attracted a lot of attention, via the success of the book Race Against the Machine, by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, who both hail from MIT´s Center for Digital Business.This is a powerful argument, and a scary one. And yet, John Hagel, author of The Power of Pull and other books, says Brynjolfsson and McAfee miss the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place.Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S. that tend to be "tightly scripted" and "highly standardized" ones that leave no room for "individual initiative or creativity." In short, these are the types of jobs that machines can perform much better at than human beings. That is how we have put a giant target sign on the backs of American workers, Hagel says.It´s time to reinvent the formula for how work is conducted, since we are still relying on a very 20th century notion of work, Hagel says. In our rapidly changing economy, we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination "to respond to unexpected events." That´s not something machines are good at. They are designedto perform very predictable activities.As Hagel notes, Brynjolfsson and McAfee indeed touched on this point in their book. We need to reframe race against the machine as race with the machine. In other words, we need to look at the ways in which machines can augment human labor rather than replace it. So then the problem is not really about technology, but rather, "how do we innovate our institutions and our work practices?"第31题According to the first paragraph, economic downturns would ______.A.ease the competition of man vs. machineB.highlight machines´ threat to human jobsC.provoke a painful technological revolutionD.outmode our current economic structure第32题The authors of Race Against the Machine argue that ______.A.technology is diminishing man´s job opportunitiesB.automation is accelerating technological developmentC.certain jobs will remain intact after automationD.man will finally win the race against machine第33题Hagel argues that jobs in the U.S. are often ______.A.performed by innovative mindsB.scripted with an individual styleC.standardized without a clear targetD.designed against human creativity第34题According to the last paragraph, Brynjolfsson and McAfee discussed ______.A.the predictability of machine behavior in practiceB.the formula for how work is conducted efficientlyC.the ways machines replace human labor in modern timesD.the necessity of human involvement in the workplace第35题Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?A.How to Innovate Our Work PracticesB.Machines will Replace Human LaborC.Can We Win the Race Against MachinesD.Economic Downturns Stimulate Innovations上一题下一题(36~40/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Text 4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy. Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to jostle for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure projects, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged. This government does not want to see a return to large-scale provision of council housing, so it is naturally wary of measures that will lead us down that route.Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes. The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. The cap, introduced in 2012 as part of the Housing Revenue Account reform, has been a major issue for the sector. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%. Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing ￡4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015, is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labor party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition´s spending plans if it returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to the era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate.第36题The author believes that the housing sector ______.A.has attracted much attentionB.has lost its real value in economyC.shoulders too much responsibilityD.involves certain political factors第37题It can be learned that affordable housing has ______.A.suffered government biasesB.increased its home supplyC.offered spending opportunitiesD.disappointed the government第38题According to Paragraph 5, George Osborne may ______.A.prepare to reduce housing stock debtB.release a lifted GDP growth forecastC.allow greater government debt for housingD.stop local authorities from building homes第39题It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would ______.A.lower the costs of registered providersB.relieve the minister of responsibilitiesC.contribute to funding new developmentsD.lessen the impact of government interference第40题The author believes that after 2015, the government may ______.A.implement more policies to support housingB.stop generous funding to the housing sectorC.renew the affordable housing grants programmeD.review the need for large-scale public grants上一题下一题(41~45/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Text 5Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of a range of new forms, including Body Art, Performance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery. Rather than portraying landscape, land artists used the physical substance of eland itself as their medium.The British land artist, typified by Richard Long´s piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long´s photograph of his work is the work. Since his "action" is in the past the photograph is its sole embodiment.That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects. Long is Britain´s best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle, a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor, represents the elegant, rarefied side of the form. The Boyle Family, on the other hand, stands for its dirty, urban aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf Street Study, a square of brick-strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the mundanity that characterizes most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard´s very funny Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs. While it probably wasn´t apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman´s yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tradition of English landscape pain ting stretching from SamuelPalmer to Paul Nash.In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can´t help feeling that the Scottish artist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn´t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape- orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.A. originates from a long walk that the artist tookB. illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual artC. reminds people of the English landscape painting traditionD. represents the elegance of the British land artE. depicts the ordinary side of the British land artF. embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoorsG. contains images from different parts of the same photograph第41题Stone Circle第42题Olaf Street Study第43题Across the Park第44题Towards Avebury第45题Seven Days上一题下一题(1/1) Translation Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.第46题Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that´s perpetually half full. But that´s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn´t recommend. "Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality", says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down-say, after giving a bad lecture. He grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction, He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons, for the future about what works and what doesn´t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn´t matter.上一题下一题(1/1)Writing第47题Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student, writehim an email to1) tell him about your living habits, and2) ask for advice about living there.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.上一题交卷交卷答题卡答案及解析(1~20/共20题) ClozeDirections: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Thinner isn´t always better. A number of studies have____1____that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases, compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually____2____. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ____3____, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an____4____of good health.Of even greater____5____is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined____6____body mass index, or BMI. BMI____7____body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be moral weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity,____8____, can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem____9____, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,____10____others with a low BMI may be in poor____11____. For example, many collegiate and professional football players____12____as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small flame may have high body fat but a____13____BMI. Today we have a(n)____14____to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes____15____in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes____16____with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.____17____very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes towards obesity,____18____in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity____19____. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign____20____children obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.第1题____A.concludedB.ensuredC.doubtedD.denied参考答案： A 您的答案：未作答答案解析：逻辑关系/语义衔接题。
2014年管理类联考综合真题及答案解析
2014 年管理类联考综合能力真题及答案解析一、问题求解：第 1—15 小题,每小题 3 分,共 45 分. 下列每题给出的 A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项中, 只有一项是符合试题要求的. 请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑.1. 某部门在一次联欢活动中共设了 26 个奖，奖品均价为 280 元，其中一等奖单价为 400 元，其他奖品价格为 270 元，一等奖的个数为( )A. 6个B. 5个C. 4个D. 3个E. 2个2. 某单位进行办公室装修，若甲、乙两个装修公司合作做，需 10 周完成，工时费为 100 万元，甲公司单独做 6 周后由乙公司接着做 18 周完成，工时费为 96 万元，甲公司每周的工时费为( )A. 7.5万元B. 7万元C. 6.5万元D.6万元E.5.5万元3. 如图 1.已知 AE= 3AB ， BF =2BC ，若 ABC ∆的面积为 2，则AEF ∆的面积为( ) A.14 B.12 C.10 D.8 E.6图14. 某容器中装满了浓度为90%的酒精，倒出 1 升后用水将容器充满，搅拌均匀后倒出1 升，再用水将容器注满，已知此时的酒精浓度为40%，则该容器的容积是（ ）A.2.5升B.3升C.3.5升D.4升E.4.5升5. 如图 2 ，图 A 与图 B 的半径均为 1 ，则阴影部分的面积为（ ）A.32π B. 23 C.433-π D.4332-π E.2332-π6. 某公司投资一个项目，已知上半年完成了预算的 1/3，下半年完成了剩余部分的 2/3，此时还有 8千万元投资未完成，则该项目的预算为( )A.3亿元B.3.6亿元C.3.9亿元D.4.5亿元E.5.1亿元7. 甲、乙两人上午8:00分别自A 、B 出发相向而行，9:00第一次相遇，之后速度均提高了1.5/小时，甲到B ，乙到A 后都立刻照原路返回，若两人在10:30 第二次相遇，则 A 、B 两地相距为（ ）A.5.6公里B.7公里C.8公里D.9公里E.9.5公里8. 已知{}n a 为等差数列，且9852=+-a a a ,则=+++921a L a a （ ）A. 2 7B. 4 5C. 5 4D.8 1E. 1 6 29.在某项活动中，将 3 男 3 女 6 名志愿者，都随机地分成甲、乙、丙三组，每组 2 人，则每组志愿者的异性概率为（ ）A. 90/1B. 15/1C. 10/1D. 5/1E. 5/210. 已知直线L 是522=+y x 在点（1,2）处的切线，则L 在y 轴上的截距为（ ）A. 5/2B. 3/2C. 2/3D. 2/5E. 511.某单位决定对4个部门经理进行轮岗，要求每位经理必须轮换到4个部门中的其他部门任职，则不同的方案有（ ）A. 3种B.6种C. 8种D.9种E. 10种12. 如图3，正方体''''D C B A ABCD -的棱长为2，F 是棱''D C 中点，则AF 的长为（ ） A. 3 B. 5 C. 5 D. 22 E. 3213. 某工厂在半径为 5cm 的球形工艺品上镀一层装饰金属厚度为 0.01cm ，已知装饰金属的原材料为棱长 20cm 的正方体锭子，则加工 10000 个该工艺品需要的锭子数最少为（不考虑加工损耗加工损耗，14.3≈π）（ ）A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5E. 2014. 若几个质数（素数）的乘积为770，则他们的和为（ ）A. 85B.84C. 28D.26E.2515. 掷一枚均匀的硬币若干次，当正面向上次数大于反面向上次数时停止，则 4 次之内停止的概率为（ ）A. 8/1B. 8/3C. 8/5D.16/3E.16/5二、条件充分性判断：第 16—25 小题,每小题 3 分,共 30 分.要求判断每题给出得条件（1）和（2）能否充分支持题干所陈述的结论. A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项为判断结果, 请选择一项符合试题要求得判断, 在答题卡上将所选项得字母涂黑.A.条件（1）充分,但条件（2）不充分B.条件（2）充分,但条件（1）不充分C.条件（1）和条件（2）单独都不充分,但条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来充分D.条件（1）充分,条件（2）也充分E.条件（1）和条件（2）单独都不充分,条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来也不充分16. 设 X 是非零实数，则18133=+x x （1）31=+x x （2）7122=+xx17. 甲、乙、丙 三 人 年 龄 相 同（1）甲、乙、丙年龄等差（2）甲、乙、丙年龄等比18. 不等式122≤++a x x 的解题为空（1）0<a （2）2>a19. 已知曲线326:x x bx a y L +-+=，则()()055=---+b a b a（1）曲线过()0,1 （2）过()()0,1-0,1-20. 如图 4，O 是半圆圆心，C 是半圆一点，AC OD ⊥,则OD 长(1)已知 BC 长 （2）已知 AO 长21. 已知 x , y 为实数，则122≥+y x（1）534≥-x y （2）()()51122≥-+-y x22. 已知袋中有红、黑、白三球若干个，红球最多（1）随机取出一球是白球的概率为52 （2）随机取出两球，两球中至少一黑的概率小于5123. 已知二次函数()c bx ax x f ++=2，则能确定 a , b , c 的值（1）曲线()x f y =过点（0 ，0 ）和（1 ， 1）（2）曲线()x f y =与b a y +=相切24.方程()0222=+++b x b a x 有实根(1) a , b , c 是三角形的三边长(2) a , b , c 等差25. 已知{}e d c b a M,,,,=是一个整数集合，则能确定集合的(1) a , b , c , d , e 平均值为 10(2)方差为 2三、逻辑推理：第 26-55 小题，每小题 2 分，共 60 分。
2014年管理类联考综合真题及答案解析
2014 年管理类联考综合能力真题及答案解析一、问题求解：第 1—15 小题,每小题 3 分,共 45 分. 下列每题给出的 A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项中, 只有一项是符合试题要求的. 请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑.1. 某部门在一次联欢活动中共设了 26 个奖，奖品均价为 280 元，其中一等奖单价为 400 元，其他奖品价格为 270 元，一等奖的个数为( )A. 6个B. 5个C. 4个D. 3个E. 2个2. 某单位进行办公室装修，若甲、乙两个装修公司合作做，需 10 周完成，工时费为 100 万元，甲公司单独做 6 周后由乙公司接着做 18 周完成，工时费为 96 万元，甲公司每周的工时费为( )A. 7.5万元B. 7万元C. 6.5万元D.6万元E.5.5万元3. 如图 1.已知 AE= 3AB ， BF =2BC ，若 ABC ∆的面积为 2，则AEF ∆的面积为( ) A.14 B.12 C.10 D.8 E.6图14. 某容器中装满了浓度为90%的酒精，倒出 1 升后用水将容器充满，搅拌均匀后倒出1 升，再用水将容器注满，已知此时的酒精浓度为40%，则该容器的容积是（ ）A.2.5升B.3升C.3.5升D.4升E.4.5升5. 如图 2 ，图 A 与图 B 的半径均为 1 ，则阴影部分的面积为（ ）A.32π B. 23 C.433-π D.4332-π E.2332-π6. 某公司投资一个项目，已知上半年完成了预算的 1/3，下半年完成了剩余部分的 2/3，此时还有 8千万元投资未完成，则该项目的预算为( )A.3亿元B.3.6亿元C.3.9亿元D.4.5亿元E.5.1亿元7. 甲、乙两人上午8:00分别自A 、B 出发相向而行，9:00第一次相遇，之后速度均提高了1.5/小时，甲到B ，乙到A 后都立刻照原路返回，若两人在10:30 第二次相遇，则 A 、B 两地相距为（ ）A.5.6公里B.7公里C.8公里D.9公里E.9.5公里8. 已知{}n a 为等差数列，且9852=+-a a a ,则=+++921a L a a （ ）A. 2 7B. 4 5C. 5 4D.8 1E. 1 6 29.在某项活动中，将 3 男 3 女 6 名志愿者，都随机地分成甲、乙、丙三组，每组 2 人，则每组志愿者的异性概率为（ ）A. 90/1B. 15/1C. 10/1D. 5/1E. 5/210. 已知直线L 是522=+y x 在点（1,2）处的切线，则L 在y 轴上的截距为（ ）A. 5/2B. 3/2C. 2/3D. 2/5E. 511.某单位决定对4个部门经理进行轮岗，要求每位经理必须轮换到4个部门中的其他部门任职，则不同的方案有（ ）A. 3种B.6种C. 8种D.9种E. 10种12. 如图3，正方体''''D C B A ABCD -的棱长为2，F 是棱''D C 中点，则AF 的长为（ ） A. 3 B. 5 C. 5 D. 22 E. 3213. 某工厂在半径为 5cm 的球形工艺品上镀一层装饰金属厚度为 0.01cm ，已知装饰金属的原材料为棱长 20cm 的正方体锭子，则加工 10000 个该工艺品需要的锭子数最少为（不考虑加工损耗加工损耗，14.3≈π）（ ）A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5E. 2014. 若几个质数（素数）的乘积为770，则他们的和为（ ）A. 85B.84C. 28D.26E.2515. 掷一枚均匀的硬币若干次，当正面向上次数大于反面向上次数时停止，则 4 次之内停止的概率为（ ）A. 8/1B. 8/3C. 8/5D.16/3E.16/5二、条件充分性判断：第 16—25 小题,每小题 3 分,共 30 分.要求判断每题给出得条件（1）和（2）能否充分支持题干所陈述的结论. A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项为判断结果, 请选择一项符合试题要求得判断, 在答题卡上将所选项得字母涂黑.A.条件（1）充分,但条件（2）不充分B.条件（2）充分,但条件（1）不充分C.条件（1）和条件（2）单独都不充分,但条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来充分D.条件（1）充分,条件（2）也充分E.条件（1）和条件（2）单独都不充分,条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来也不充分16. 设 X 是非零实数，则18133=+x x （1）31=+x x （2）7122=+xx17. 甲、乙、丙 三 人 年 龄 相 同（1）甲、乙、丙年龄等差（2）甲、乙、丙年龄等比18. 不等式122≤++a x x 的解题为空（1）0<a （2）2>a19. 已知曲线326:x x bx a y L +-+=，则()()055=---+b a b a（1）曲线过()0,1 （2）过()()0,1-0,1-20. 如图 4，O 是半圆圆心，C 是半圆一点，AC OD ⊥,则OD 长(1)已知 BC 长 （2）已知 AO 长21. 已知 x , y 为实数，则122≥+y x（1）534≥-x y （2）()()51122≥-+-y x22. 已知袋中有红、黑、白三球若干个，红球最多（1）随机取出一球是白球的概率为52 （2）随机取出两球，两球中至少一黑的概率小于5123. 已知二次函数()c bx ax x f ++=2，则能确定 a , b , c 的值（1）曲线()x f y =过点（0 ，0 ）和（1 ， 1）（2）曲线()x f y =与b a y +=相切24.方程()0222=+++b x b a x 有实根(1) a , b , c 是三角形的三边长(2) a , b , c 等差25. 已知{}e d c b a M,,,,=是一个整数集合，则能确定集合的(1) a , b , c , d , e 平均值为 10(2)方差为 2三、逻辑推理：第 26-55 小题，每小题 2 分，共 60 分。
mba综合试题及答案
mba综合试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10题）1. MBA（Master of Business Administration）的中文意思是：A. 工商管理硕士B. 工商管理学士C. 管理学硕士D. 管理学学士答案：A2. 下列哪项不是MBA课程的核心课程？A. 财务管理B. 市场营销C. 人力资源管理D. 计算机编程答案：D3. MBA教育起源于哪个国家？A. 美国B. 英国C. 法国D. 德国答案：A4. 在MBA课程中，案例分析法主要用于：A. 提高理论知识B. 培养实践能力C. 增强团队合作D. 学习数学技能答案：B5. MBA学位通常需要多长时间完成？A. 1年B. 2年C. 3年D. 4年答案：B6. 下列哪项不是MBA课程的入学要求？A. 工作经验B. 学术背景C. 年龄限制D. 英语水平答案：C7. MBA课程中，通常不包括以下哪项课程？A. 战略管理B. 国际商务C. 心理学D. 会计学答案：C8. MBA课程中，团队项目通常旨在培养学生的哪些能力？A. 独立思考B. 团队协作C. 个人领导D. 个人表现答案：B9. MBA课程中，哪些因素通常会影响学生的就业前景？A. 学校声誉B. 个人能力C. 地理位置D. 所有以上答案：D10. MBA课程中，学生通常需要完成的毕业要求是：A. 毕业论文B. 毕业考试C. 实习经验D. 以上都是答案：D二、多项选择题（每题3分，共5题）1. MBA课程中，以下哪些因素可能影响学生的就业？A. 学校排名B. 行业需求C. 个人表现D. 经济状况答案：ABCD2. MBA课程通常包括哪些类型的课程？A. 必修课程B. 选修课程C. 研讨会D. 独立研究答案：ABCD3. MBA课程中，学生可以通过哪些方式提高自己的领导能力？A. 参加学生组织B. 参与团队项目C. 完成个人项目D. 参加领导力培训答案：ABD4. MBA课程中，以下哪些是评估学生学习成果的方法？A. 课程作业B. 期中考试C. 期末考试D. 毕业论文答案：ABCD5. MBA课程中，学生可以通过哪些方式获得实践经验？A. 实习B. 案例研究C. 模拟商业项目D. 参加竞赛答案：ABCD三、简答题（每题5分，共2题）1. 简述MBA课程的主要优势。
2014年MBA管理类联考英语真题及答案
2014()年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good 。
healthOf even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very 。
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1. 由于近期的干旱和高温，导致海湾盐度增加，引起了许多鱼的死亡。
虾虽然可以适应高盐度，但盐度高也给养虾场带来了不幸。
以下哪个选项如果为真，能够提供解释以上现象的原因?
A.一些鱼会到低盐度的海域去，来逃脱死亡的厄运。
B.持续的干旱会使海湾的水位下降，这已经引起了有关机构的注意。
C.幼虾吃的有机物在盐度高的环境下几乎难以存活。
D.水温升高会使虾更快速地繁殖。
E.鱼多的海湾往往虾也多，虾少的海湾鱼也不多。
1. 答案：C
如果C项为真，说明虽然虾能适应高盐度，但是由于幼虾吃的有机物在高盐度下难以存活，因此，海湾盐度增高，同样威胁到虾的生存特别是繁衍，给养虾场带来不幸。
其余各项均不能解释题干。
2. 可供收养的孩子数量比起想要收养的孩子数量要少得多。
目前有200万对夫妇在排队等待收养孩子，但在2002年只有大约5万个孩子被收养。
以下哪项陈述如果为真，则最能支持上述推论？
A.想要收养孩子的夫妇的数目有相当程度的增长。
B.寻求收养孩子的人们往往要通过中介机构进行长期的访问和调查。
C.今年被领养孩子的数量比以往任何一年都要多。
D.在一年中被收养孩子的数量基本上与同期可供被收养的孩子数量相等。
E.那些寻求收养孩子的人一般来讲能够成为好父母。
2. 答案：D
本题的关键信息是涉及三个数量：想收养的孩子的数量、可供收养的孩子的数量、被收养的孩子的数量。
在边读题的过程中边在题上划出来，以利于推理。
所谓支持，就是把待选的选项放入题干中，使结论成立的可能性增大的选项就是正确选项。
题干的结论是可供收养的孩子的数量远小于想收养的家庭的数量，论据是被收养的孩子的数量=5万，想收养的孩子的数量=200万。
由D项，被收养的孩子的数量=可供收养的孩子的数量，这样加上题干论据，就可以使“可供收养的孩子数量比起想要收养的孩子数量要少得多”这个推论成立。
3. 某届“百花奖”评选结束了。
甲电影制片厂拍摄的《黄河颂》获得最佳故事片奖，乙电影制片厂拍摄的《孙悟空》获得最佳美术奖，丙电影制片厂拍摄的《白娘子》获得最佳戏曲片奖。
授奖大会以后，甲厂的导演说：“真是有趣得很，我们三个人的姓分别是三部片名的第一个字，再说，我们每个人的姓同自己所拍片子片名的第一个字又不一样。
”这时候，另一个姓孙的导演笑起来说：“真是这样的！”
基于以上题干，可推出这三部片子的导演各姓什么？
A.甲厂导演姓孙，乙厂导演姓白，丙厂导演姓黄。
B.甲厂导演姓白，乙厂导演姓黄，丙厂导演姓孙。
C.甲厂导演姓孙，乙厂导演姓黄，丙厂导演姓白。
D.甲厂导演姓白，乙厂导演姓孙，丙厂导演姓黄。
E.甲厂导演姓黄，乙厂导演姓白，丙厂导演姓孙。
3. 答案：B
用排除法解。
因为甲厂的导演说完后另一个姓孙的导演又说，说明甲厂导演不姓孙，排除A；丙厂摄的是《白娘子》，因此丙厂导演不姓白，排除C；同样可排除D、E；最后剩下B即为正确答案。
4. 上河市的报纸销售量多于天河市。
因此，上河市的居民比天河市的居民更多地知道世界上发生的大事。
下列选项中除了哪个选项都能削弱上述论断：
A.上河市的居民比天河市多。
B.天河市的绝大多数居民在上河市工作并在那里买报纸。
C.上河市居民的人均看报时间比天河市居民的人均看报时间少。
D.一种上河市报纸报道的内容局限于上河市内的新闻。
E.上河市报亭的平均报纸售价低于天河市的平均报纸售价。
4. 答案：E
本题问的是“除了”，因此，可用排除法排除掉能够削弱的选项。
A能削弱，因此不是正确答案，理由如下：上河市报纸销量虽多，但由于人口也多，可能人均报纸拥有量比天河市低，这样，上河市的居民反而不如天河市的居民更多地知道世界大事。
同样，B、C、D项也都能削弱题干论断。
因此，A、B、C、D项可排除掉。