电力专业英语第六讲

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(完整版)电力专业英语阅读与翻译部分课后长句

第一章第一节电力系统基本结构Part 1 Basic Construction of Electric Power SystemBasic Concepts of Electric Power System电能是一种理想的能力形式，便于传输和使用，而且很清洁，对环境和大气无污染，因此自被发现以来，电能发展迅速并且利用广泛。

电能的产生、输送和消耗过程就在这一被称为电力系统的整体化系统中实现。

Electricity is an ideal energy form, which is convenient to deliver and use, and is clean without polluting our environmentand atmosphere. The generation, delivery and consumption of electricity are realized in an integrated system which is calledelectric power system or power system.一个电力系统包括三个基本部分：发电系统、输电系统和配电系统，如图1-1 所示An electric power system consists of three principal divisions: power generation, power transmission system, and powerdistribution systems, as shown in Fig.1.1图1-1 电力系统的三个基本部分用户从电力系统取用的所有电能都是在某种形式的电厂（或者称作电站）中产生的。

发电是整个电能利用过程的第一环节。

All the electricity the consumers take from the power system is generated in a power plant, or called power station, of somekind. Power generation is the first stage of the whole progress of the utilization of electric energy.输电系统连接发电和配电系统，并经过网络互连通向其他电力系统。

电气专业英语section 1-6中英

(1-28)
Fig.1-19 voltage-current relation for an inductor in the (a) time domain; (b) frequency domain
Section 6 Sinusoidal AC Circuit Analysis
Fig.1-20 shows the phasor diagram. For the capacitor C, assume the voltage across it is u =Umcos(ωt + ). The current through the capacitor is
For the inductor L, assume the current through it is i I m cos(t ) . The voltage across the inductor is
di u L LI m sin(t ) dt
(1-25)
The voltage is written to
Chapter 1
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Section 6 Sinusoidal AC Circuit Analysis and Three-Phase Circuit
Text New Words and Expressions Vocabulary Characteristic II
showing that the current and voltage are 90 out of phase. To be specific, the current leads the voltage by 90. Fig.1-21 shows the voltage-current relations for the capacitor, Fig.1-22 gives the phasor diagram.

(完整版)电力专业英语阅读与翻译部分课后长句

电能的产生、输送和消耗过程就在这一被称为电力系统的整体化系统中实现。

发电是整个电能利用过程的第一环节。

电气工程专业英语unit6解读

Power system automation
This involves the application of automation technology in the power system, such as SCADA, EMS, and DMS, to achieve real-time monitoring and control of the power system.
Article structure
VS
Unit 6涉及的词汇主要包括电气工程相关术语、工业自动化和智能制造领域的专业词汇，以及一些科技类常用词汇。
短语总结
文章中出现的短语主要包括与电气工程和工业领域相关的短语，如"power system","automation control","intelligent manufacturing"等。这些短语对于理解文章内容非常重要，需要学生重点掌握。
Electrical engineering also contributes to the progress of other fields, such as computer science, robotics, and nanotechnology. Electrical engineers design and develop the electronic components and systems that are used in these fields, making it possible for them to advance.
Circuit analysis
Circuit analysis is a fundamental skill for electrical engineers. It involves using mathematical models to analyze the behavior of electrical circuits. Circuit analysis is essential for predicting circuit performance, optimizing circuit design, and troubleshooting circuit problems.

电力行业专用英语Word版

（1）元件设备三绕组变压器 three-column transformer ThrClnTrans双绕组变压器 double-column transformer DblClmnTrans 电容器 capacitor并联电容器 shunt capacitor电抗器 reactor母线 busbar输电线 transmissionLine发电厂 power plant断路器 breaker刀闸(隔离开关) isolator分接头 tap电动机 motor（2）状态参数有功 active power无功 reactive power电流 current容量capacity电压 voltage档位tap position有功损耗reactive loss无功损耗active loss功率因数power-factor功率power功角power-angle电压等级voltage grade空载损耗no-load loss铁损iron loss铜损copper loss空载电流no-load current阻抗impedancepositive sequence impedance 负序阻抗negative sequence impedance 零序阻抗zero sequence impedance电阻resistor电抗reactance电导conductance电纳susceptance无功负载reactive load或者QLoad有功负载active load PLoad遥测YC(telemetering)遥信YX励磁电流(转子电流) magnetizing current定子stator功角power-angle上限upper limit下限lower limit并列的apposable高压high voltage低压low voltage中压middle voltage电力系统power systemgenerator励磁excitation励磁器excitor电压voltage电流current母线bus变压器transformer升压变压器step-up transformer高压侧high side输电系统power transmission system输电线transmission line固定串联电容补偿fixed series capacitor compensation 稳定stability电压稳定voltage stability功角稳定angle stability暂态稳定transient stability电厂power plant能量输送power transfer交流AC装机容量installed capacity电网power system落点drop pointtch station双回同杆并架double-circuit lines on the same tower 变电站transformer substation补偿度degree of compensation高抗high voltage shunt reactor无功补偿reactive power compensation故障fault调节regulation裕度magin三相故障three phase fault故障切除时间fault clearing time极限切除时间critical clearing time切机generator triping高顶值high limited value强行励磁reinforced excitation线路补偿器LDC(line drop compensation)机端generator terminal静态static (state)动态dynamic (state)单机无穷大系统one machine - infinity bus system机端电压控制AVR电抗reactanceresistance功角power angle有功（功率）active power无功（功率）reactive power功率因数power factor无功电流reactive current下降特性droop characteristics 斜率slope额定rating变比ratio参考值reference value电压互感器PT分接头tap下降率droop rate仿真分析simulation analysis传递函数transfer function框图block diagram受端receive-side裕度margin同步synchronization失去同步loss of synchronization 阻尼dampingng保护断路器circuit breaker 电阻resistance电抗reactance阻抗impedance电导conductance 电纳susceptance 导纳admittance电感inductance电容capacitance。

电气工程及其自动化专业专业英语-词-选择和引申课件.ppt

Power can be transmitted over a long distance. 电力能远距离传输。
A car needs a lot of power to go fast. 汽车高速行驶需要很大的动力。
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根据词的联立关系确定词义
Universal meter 万用表 Universal motor 交直流两用电动机（通用式） Universal valve 万向阀 Universal contact 万能接头 Universal constant 普适常量 Universal rules 普遍规律
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根据词的联立关系确定词义
Low damping Low limit Low life Low key Low brake Low order
弱阻尼下限下层社会生活低音调键低速制动低位
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使用场合的提示
Operational order
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根据词类选择词义(2)
Round surface reflector is a key unit for the solar energy device. 弯曲面反射器是太阳能装置的关键元件。（形容词）
The tree measures about one meter round. 这棵树树围约一米。（副词）
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词义的引申(续)
概括化或抽象化引申 ➢ The plan for launching the man-made satellite still lies on the table. 发射人造卫星的计划仍被搁置。 ➢ Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard(棋盘) but it is dangerous to carry the analogy too far 打仗同下棋可能有某些相似之处，但如果把这两者之间的类比搞过了头则是危险的。

机电英语(教育部07版专业英语)Unit 6 Electrical Engineering

Paragraph 4
控制器和电阻器必须被适当地挑选
The controller and resistor must be properly chosen for the specific
为了某些特殊的应用
application.
某些特殊应用时，须挑选适当的控制器和电阻器。某些特殊应用时，须挑选适当的控制器和电阻器。
与其他型号的交流电机相比，感应电动机因其简单、与其他型号的交流电机相比，感应电动机因其简单、经济和耐用而更广泛地用于工业，特别是需要高速驱动时更是如此。广泛地用于工业，特别是需要高速驱动时更是如此。特别是如果一个高速驱动被需要时与其他型号的交流电机相比
Paragraph 2 If ac power is available, all drives requiring constant speed should use squirrel-cage induction or ruggedness and low cost.
Paragraph 3 Almost all constant-speed machines may be driven by ac motors because
因为鼠笼式电动机被制造
these motors are made with a variety of speed and torque characteristics.
因为鼠笼式感应电动机或同步电动机经久耐用且成本低，若有交流电源可用，因为鼠笼式感应电动机或同步电动机经久耐用且成本低，若有交流电源可用，所有需要恒转速驱动的装置应使用这两种电机。所有需要恒转速驱动的装置应使用这两种电机。应使用鼠笼式感应或者同步电动机所有需要恒转速驱动（的装置）所有需要恒转速驱动（的装置）若有交流电源可用

电力英语6

Unit 6 LOAD FLOW STUDIES AND HVDC TRANSMISSION1．IntroductionPlanning the operation of power systems under existing conditions, its improvement and also future expansion requires the load flow studies, short circuit studies and stability studies. However the load flow studies are very important for planning, control and operations of existing systems as well as planning its future expansion as the satisfactory operation of the system depends upon knowing the effects of interconnections, new loads, new generating stations or new transmission lines, etc before they are installed. With the help of load flow studies ，we can also determine the best size and as well as the most favorable locations for the power capacitors both for the improvement of the p.f. and also raising the bus voltages of the electrical network. The load flow studies also help us to determine the best locality as well as optimal capacity of the proposed generating stations, substations or new lines. This is why the load flow studies are really important for planning the existing system as well as its future expansion.The information obtained from the load flow studies are usually the magnitude and phase angle of voltages at each bus and active and reactive power flow in each line.The extensive calculations requires both for power flow as well as for voltage determination, necessiated the use of some type of automatic calculators or computer. This led to the design of special purpose analog computer, called a.c. network analyzer some times in the year 1929. The operation of the power system under existing conditions as well as the proposed future expansion could be simulated by this device. Digital computer for the load flow studies gained importance during the beginning of 1950 and the first planning studies on the digital computer was completed by the year 1956. Today most of the load flow studies are carried out on the digital computers. This change from the network analyzer to the digital computer has resulted in greater flexibility, economy，accuracy and quicker operation.2．Formulation of Load Flow ProblemActually the load flow problem consists of calculations of voltages magnitude and its phase angle at the buses, and also the active and reactive line flows for the specified terminal or bus conditions.Type of BusesAll the buses of the power system network are generally classified into three categories viz. Generation bus, load bus and the slack bus，and two of the four quantities associated with each bus, are specified at each of the buses as shown below:(i)Generation Bus (or voltage controller bus): This is also called p-v bus and here thevoltage magnitude ׀V׀ and the real power ׀P׀ are specified.(ii)Load Bus: This is also called p-q bus and here real power ׀P׀ and reactive power ׀Q׀are specified.(iii)Slack or Swing Bus: This is also known as the reference bus and the voltage magnitude ׀V׀and phase angle δare specified here. This bus is selected to provide additional real and reactive power to supply the transmission losses since these are unknown until final solution is obtained. If slack bus is not specified, a generation bus usually with maximum real power ׀P׀ is taken as a slack bus. There can be more than one slack bus ina given scheme.Techniques of Solving Load Flow ProblemsThe development of any method for the load flow studies on the digital computer, requires the following main considerations:(i)The mathematical formulation of the load flow problem.(ii)Application of numerical technique to solve these problems.The mathematical formulation of the load flow problem is a system of nonlinear algebraic equations and since the digital computer can only perform the four basic arithmetic operations viz. additions, subtractions, multiplication and division (actually only additions and subtractions since the remaining operations can also be reduced to these two basic operations as mentioned above) numerical techniques are needed such that the equations can be solved by the digital computer. The basic equations for the purpose of load flow studies are a set of network equations which can be established either in the loop frame of reference or bus frame of reference. The coefficient of these equations (which is actually nonlinear algebraic equations) depend upon the selection of independent variables viz. voltages or currents. Thus either the impedance or the admittance matrix can be used.Useful Expressions in Passage AB: High-voltage Direct-Current TransmissionHigh-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission has advantages over ac transmission in special situations. The first commercial application of HVDC transmission was between the Swedish mainland and the island of Gotland in 1954. With the advent of thyristor valve converters, HVDC transmission became even more attractive. The first HVDC system using thyristor valves was the Eel River scheme commissioned in 1972, forming a 320 MW back-to-back dc interconnection between the power systems of the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec. Thyristor valves have now become standard equipment for dc converter stations. Recent developments in conversion equipment have reduced their size and cost, and improved their reliability. These developments have resulted in a more widespread use of HVDC transmission. There are more links under construction.The following are the types of applications for which HVDC transmission has been used: （1）Underwater cable s longer than about 30 km. AC transmission is impractical for such distances because of the high capacitance of the cable requiring intermediate compensation stations.（2）synchronous link between two ac systems where ac ties would not be feasible because of system stability problems or a difference in nominal frequencies of the two systems.（3）Transmission of large amounts of power over long distances by overhead lines. HVDC transmission is a competitive alternative to ac transmission for distances in excess of about 600 km.HVDC systems have the ability to rapidly control the transmitted power. Therefore, they have a significant impact on the stability of the associated ac power systems.This paper will introduce the basic elements of HVDC systems.Converters.They perform ac/dc and dc/ac conversion, and consist of valve bridges and transformers with tap changers. The valve bridges consist of high-voltage valves connected in a 6-pulse of 12-pulse arrangement. The converter transformers provide ungrounded three-phase source of appropriate level to the valve bridge. With the valve side of the transformer ungrounded, the dc system will be able to establish its own reference to ground, usually by grounding the positive or negative end of the valve converter.Smoothing Reactors.These are large reactor s having inductance as high as 1.0 H connected in series with each pole of each converter station. They serve the following purposes:·Decrease harmonic voltages and currents in the dc line.·Prevent commutation failure in inverters.·Prevent current from being discontinuous at light load.·Limit the crest current in the rectifier during short-circuit on the dc line.Harmonic Filters.Converters generate harmonic voltages and currents on both ac and dc sides. These harmonics may cause overheating of capacitors and nearby generators, and interference with telecommunication systems. Filters are therefore used on both ac and dc sides.Reactive Power Supplies.DC converters inherently absorb reactive power. Under steady-state conditions, the reactive power consumed is about 50% of active power transferred. Under transient conditions, the consumption of reactive power may be much higher. Reactive power sources are therefore provided near the converters. For strong ac systems, these are usually in the form of shunt capacitors. Depending on the demands placed on the dc link and on the ac system, part of the reactive power source may be in the form of synchronous condensers or static var compensators. The capacitors associated with the ac filters also provide part of the reactive power required.Electrodes.Most dc links are designed to use earth as a neutral conductor for at least brief periods of time. The connection to the earth requires a large-surface-area conductor to minimize current densities and surface voltage gradients. This conductor is referred to as an electrode. As discussed earlier, if it is necessary to restrict the current flow through the earth, a metallic return conductor may be provided as part of the dc line.DC Lines.They may be overhead lines or cables. Except for the number of conductors and spacing required, dc lines are very similar to ac lines.AC Circuit Breakers.For clearing faults in the transformer and for taking the dc link out of service, circuit-breakers are used on the ac side. They are not used for clearing dc faults, since these faults can be cleared more rapidly by converter control.Useful Expressions in Passage BC：公司简介Guide To ProspectEver since its inception more than half a century ago, The Chang Sheng Electric Company has been making great strides under the motto “Create And Apply New Ideas.” The staff members of our company have been endeavoring for a higher living standard, and are dedicated to the improvement of society through the manufacture of unique products, electronic home devices and industrial equipment.Chronological History (1930—1985)1930Mr. Yu Zhao, president, establishes The Mao Yuan Company1940Production of AC tube radio begins.1946Assembly conveyor system adopted.1950Plant established.1959Company renamed The Chang Sheng Electric Co., Ltd.1966TV production started.1970Engineering agreement concluded with CCTV.1973 Production-Tape Recorder, Radio-phnograph, Electronic Industrial & Medical Instruments begins.1977World-wide sales net work incorporated.Business OutlineAuthorized Capital US$14,200,000.00Issued Capital US$ 4,141,400.00Established April, 1930Incorporated May, 1959Head Office & Main Plant &Central Research Laboratory 10 Jiao Da East Rd., BeijingHsinchu Plant 100 Bai Yi Rd., BeijingBranches Shijiazhuang, Taiyuan, Guangzhou远景指南昌盛电气公司自从50多年前创立以来，一直本着“创造并应用新构想”的座右铭，而获得长足的进步。

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oelectric plants are usually built in cities and
towns at the center of heat loads, while district power stations are located in the regions of fuel production if water supply sources are available. If a district is supplied from a power system, heat is produced by industrial and heating boiler units. at the center of heat loads在热负荷中心 in the regions of fuel production在燃料（煤）的产区 heating boiler units加热用的锅炉
山东交通学院电气系张建军
词汇

extract [ɪkˈstræ kt]v. 抽汽;提取; （费力地）拔出; 选取; 获得; hybrid [ˈhaɪbrɪd] a. 混合式;杂种; 杂交生成的生物体; 混合物; 混合词; slag [slæ g] n. 渣 auxiliary [ɔ:gˈzɪliəri]n. （常用PL）辅机，辅助设备;补充的; 附加的; 副的; exhauster n. 抽气（风）机 bunker [ˈbʌŋkə(r)] n. 煤仓;沙坑; 地堡; 燃料库; hammer mill 锤磨机 boiler drum 锅炉气包 economizer [ɪ'kɒnəˌmaɪzə]n. 省煤器，节能器;节约者，节约装置，经济家; blower n. 吹风机 deaerator [di:'eɪəreɪtə]n. 除氧机，空气（油气）分离机 ;脱气器; generator n. 发电机 schematic a. 图解的, 示意的 refuse [rɪˈfju:z]n. 残渣;拒绝; 回绝; 推却; saturated [ˈsæ tʃəreɪtɪd]a. 饱和的;浸透的; ( saturate的过去式和过去分词) 使饱和; 使充满; circulate [ˈsɜ:kjəleɪt]v. 循环（；使）流通; （使）流传; 散布; winding n. 线圈，绕组 exciting a. 励磁的；使人兴奋的，令人激动的; stator ['steɪtə] n. 定子固定片 e.m.f. 电动势 switch-gear n. 开关 correlated[ˈkɒrəleɪt] a. 相互有关的；相关物; 相关联的人; specification [ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃn]n. 技术规范说明；规格; 详述;
Furnace refuses are discharged from ash-and-slag

bunkers to slag-and-ash-removal system 25 and transported outside the power plant boundary. The boiler is fed with water from feed water tank 16 by feed pump 17. Furnace refuses炉膛的灰烬 ash-and-slag bunkers灰渣仓 transported outside the power plant boundary运出电厂 feed water tank给水箱 feed pump给水泵
The main parts of a thermoelectric plant are fuel
handling and transportation facilities, boiler unit (department), engine department, chemical water treatment department, industrial water supply system, slag-and-ash removal system, electrical engineering equipment (generators, main distributing unit and distributing unit for local requirements), auxiliary departments (maintenance repair shop, heat-control department, motor transport repair shop. etc.). fuel handling and transportation facilities燃料处理和传输设备 boiler unit锅炉部分 engine department引擎部分（汽轮机） chemical water treatment department水化学处理部分 slag-and-ash removal system灰渣移除系统
The combustion products of the fuel pass through the

gas ducts of the boiler, steam superheater 8, economizer 9, air preheater 10 and are then discharged into the atmosphere through chimney stack 1. The combustion products of the fuel煤燃烧的产物 gas ducts of the boiler锅炉的气道(烟道） steam superheater蒸汽过热器 Economizer省煤器 discharged into the atmosphere through chimney stack 通过烟囱排到大气层
On its way to the boiler drum, water passes through
high-pressure heater 13and the economizer. Saturated steam is sent from boiler drum 7 to steam superheater 8. After that steam flows to turbine 19. On its way to the boiler drum在它（水）到达锅炉汽包的过程中 high-pressure heater高压过热器 Saturated steam饱和蒸汽
Large-scale CPP intended for supplying a power
system are called district power plants. Thermoelectric plants employ extraction turbines and produce electric and thermal energy. district power plants地区发电站 Extraction turbines 抽气式汽轮机
For district heat supply (of industrial plants), steam
extracted from turbines (T,II, and IIT turbines) or from back-pressure (backpressure turbines P) is utilized. The production of electric and thermal energy is of hybrid nature. (of industrial plants)用于工业生产的 back-pressure背压式 is of hybrid nature混合的形式

按照汽轮机的热力特征分类 (1)、凝汽式汽轮机:蒸汽在汽轮机内膨胀做功以后,除小部分轴封漏气外,全部进入凝汽器凝结成水的汽轮机.实际上为了提高汽轮机的热效率,减少汽轮机排汽缸的直径尺寸,将做过功的蒸汽从汽轮机内抽出来,送入回热加热器,用以加热锅炉给水,这种不调整抽汽式汽轮机,也统称为凝汽式汽轮机. (2)、抽汽凝汽式汽轮机:蒸汽进入汽轮机内部做过功以后,从中间某一级抽出来一部分,用于工业生产或民用采暖,其余排入凝汽器凝结成水的汽轮机,称为一次抽汽式或单抽式汽轮机.从不同的级间抽出两种不同压力的蒸汽,分别供给不同的用户或生产过程的汽轮机称为双抽式(二次抽汽式)汽轮机. (3)、背压式汽轮机:蒸汽进入汽轮机内部做功以后,以高于大气压力排除汽轮机,用于工业生产或民用采暖的汽轮机. (4)、抽汽背压式汽轮机:为了满足不同用户和生产过程的需要,从背压式汽轮机内部抽出部分压力较高的蒸汽用于工业生产,其余蒸汽继续做功后以较低的压力排除,供工业生产和居民采暖的汽轮机. (5)、中间再热式汽轮机:对于高参数、大功率的汽轮机,主蒸汽的除温、初压都比较高,蒸汽在汽轮机内部膨胀到末几级,其湿度不断增大,对汽轮机的安全运行很不利,为了减少排气湿度,将做过部分功的蒸汽从高压缸中排出,在返回锅炉重新加热,使温度接近初始状态,然后进入汽轮机的的低压缸继续做功,这种汽轮机称为中间再热式汽轮机.
Before being delivered to service bunkers, fuel is

crushed in a crusher. From the service bunkers, the fuel is sent to hammer mills 5 where it is ground, then dried and blown into boiler furnace 6 in the form of air-dust moisture. fuel is crushed in a crusher煤被粉碎机粉碎 hammer mills锤磨车间 Ground研磨 air-dust moisture空气和煤粉的混合物