暑假专题——中西方语言与文化差异

年级五年级学科英语版本人教PEP版内容标题暑假专题——中西方语言与文化差异编稿老师魏秀然【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容知识窗语言反映一个民族的特征，它不仅包含着该民族的历史和文化背景，而且蕴藏着该民族对人生的看法、生活方式和思维方式。

语言与文化互相影响，互相作用；理解语言必须了解文化，理解文化必须了解语言。

由于文化背景不同，不同国家和地域的人在交谈时，即使语言准确无误，也会产生误会。

常常由于一句话说得不得体，使听者捧腹大笑。

例如在外国演讲的人经常发现听众对他讲的某个笑话毫无反应，然而在国内同一个笑话会使听众笑得人仰马翻。

一个中国青年到附近游泳池游泳，一会儿就回来了，一个外国人问为什么，他解释说：“游泳池里人太多，水太脏，早该换了。

像芝麻酱煮饺子。

”另一个中国青年笑了，而那个外国人根本不知道什么是芝麻酱和煮饺子。

根本感觉不到丝毫幽默。

中国人见面互相打招呼时，常说：“你吃了吗？”而外国人会以为这种招呼是说：“我也没有吃，我们一起去吃点东西吧！”这种招呼以为是邀请别人来吃饭。

一位刚到中国的外国学者结巴巴地用汉语说：“你们为什么老问我吃了没有？我有钱。

”英语中有Good morning，Good afternoon，Good evening 都相当于汉语中的“您好”。

但Good noon，Good night都是告别时说的话。

在美国，常会听到美国妇女谈她丈夫工作如何努力，干得这样出色，得到奖励等。

也会夸自己的子女多么聪明等。

然而在中国就会认为这样俗气。

一所美国大学开办汉语口语训练班，有两位教师来教，他们的本族语言都不是汉语。

上课时，男老师指指自己说：“这是东西吗？”女教师摇摇头说：“你不是东西。

”男教师又问：“你是东西吗？”女教师回答：“不，我不是东西。

”中国人也许会猜得出a bull in a china shop（瓷店里的公牛）但想象不出说英语人心目中的形象：一头公牛喷着鼻息，怒气冲冲地闯进摆满精致瓷器的店里。

然而，这种说法的意思是：在一个需要举止灵巧得体，细致周密的场合闯进一个行为粗鲁的人。

在中国文化中，龟有两种意义：一方面象征长寿，另一方面则是骂人。

但是在西方文化中没有这样的联想，乌龟不过是行动缓慢，其貌不扬的动物而已。

对于中国来说，蝙蝠是吉祥、健康、幸福的象征。

这些联想可能来自蝙蝠的名称――蝠与福同音。

在外国，人们提到蝙蝠，就想到丑陋凶恶的形象。

因此与外国人交流，我们应该了解各自文化背景的不同，时刻注意自己的语言，以免闹笑话。

Clever MonkeyAn old tiger lives in the forest. He does not want to look for food now. He often tells other animals to bring him something to eat.He sees a monkey and says, “I am hungry, Monkey. Go to the village and bring me a fat pig.”“Oh,Tiger,” says the monkey. “I cannot do that now. There is another tiger over there. He also wants a fat pig. He will not let me get anything for you to eat. I am afraid of him.”“What?” cries the old tiger, “Show me that tiger. I will talk to him.”“Come with me,” says the monkey.The monkey and the tiger get to a bridge over the river.“Now look down at the river,” says the monkey.“Do you see the head, the white teeth and the large green eyes of a tiger?”“Yes, I do.” Cries the old tiger, “I will eat him up.”With these words, the tiger jumps into the water.( ) 1. The old tiger wants .A. a big pigB. a thin pigC. a fat pig( ) 2. The monkey is afraid the tiger.A. fromB. ofC. about( ) 3 The monkey and the tiger get the bridge the river.A. to…overB. on…onC. in…in( ) 4. these words, the tiger eats him up.A. UnderB. WithC. Over( ) 5. The tiger jumps the water.A. inB. intoC. onChildren’s AngelsOnce upon a time there was a child ready to be born. So one day he asked God, “They tell me you are sending me to the earth tomorrow but how am I going to live there being so small and h elpless?”God replied（回答）, “Among the many angels（守护神）, I chose one for you. She will be waiting for you and will take care of you.”But the child wasn’t sure he really wanted to go. “But tell me, here in Heaven（天堂）, I don’t do anything else but sing and smile, that’s enough for me to be happy.”“Your angel will sing for you and will also smile for you every day. And you will feel your angel’s love and be happy.”“And how am I going to be able to understand when people talk to me,” the child continued, “if I don’t know the language the man talk?”God patted（抚摸，轻拍）him on the head and said, “Your angel will tell you the most beautiful and sweet words you will ever hear, and with much patience（耐心）and care, your angel will teach you how to speak.”“And what am I going to do when I want to talk to you?”But God had an answer for that question too. “Your angel will place your hands together and teach you how to pray（祈祷）.”“I’ve heard that on earth there are bad men, who will protect me?”“Your angel will defend（保护）you even if it means risking（冒险）her life!”“But I will always be sad because I will not see you anymore,” the child continued warily（小心翼翼地）.God smiled on the young one. “Your angel will always talk to you about me and will teach you the way for you to come back to me, even though I will always be next to you.”At that moment there was much peace in Heaven, but voices from earth could already be heard. The child knew he had to start on his journey（旅行）very soon. He asked God one more question, softly, “Oh God, if I am about to leave now, please tell me my angel’s name.”God touched the child on the shoulder and answered, “Your angel’s name is not hard to remember. You will simply（简单地）call her Mommy.”Such kindness of warm sun, can’t be repaid by grass.谁言寸草心，报得三春晖Let’s chantGood-byes are always hard to say,Good-byes are always make you pay,Good-byes are always make you worry.Since you have to say them in such a hurry,So when it’s time to say good-bye,Put on a smile and try not to say,For if you cry it’s harder to say,Good-bye, good-bye, I’ll be back one day.一、补全单词1. d nc2. s_ _ s _n3. dr4. sp k5. wr te6. v_s_t7. w_ tc_8. cl__ _b9. _ ns_ cts 10.__ h __ ch二、判断每组单词中划线部分的读音是否一致，一致的画“T”，不一致的画“F”( ) 1. A. about B. now C. know( ) 2. A. early B. hear C. bear( ) 3. A. tree B. three C. train( ) 4. A. watch B. after C. garden( ) 5. A. teacher B. weather C. speak( ) 6. A. bright B. like C. night三、单项选择( ) 1. your parents work in the hospital?A. AreB. DoesC. Do( ) 2. Let’s good friends.A. isB. areC. be( ) 3. lovely the kittens are!A. WhatB. HowC. What a( ) 4. —What are these?—puppies.A. These areB. They areC. They( ) 5. Are there sheep near the house?A. someB. anyC. a( ) 6. you a book in the library on Sunday?A. Does, borrowB. Do, readC. Is, read( ) 7. We often read in the library.A. storysB. storyC. stories( ) 8. They often do in English class.A. listensB. listenC. listening( ) 9. Mr Liu many interesting books.A. haveB. havingC. has( ) 10. nice girls they are!A. WhatB. HowC. What a( ) 11. I want to listen music.A. theB. toC. for( ) 12. He is playing a puppet.A. ofB. toC. with( ) 13. How do you have science classes?A. manyB. oftenC. old( ) 14. We are interested English.A. atB. onC. in( )15. The photo us how students learn.A. showB. showsC. show四、补全对话，联系上下文选出合适的句子A: What’s your favourite season, Jack?B: _______1____. Because it’s the best season to swim.A: _________2______________________?B: Yes, I can. I often swim in the river.A: ____________3______________________________________.B: On Saturday afternoon. And my father usually goes with me.A: Are you swimming now?B: ___________4__________.A: ____________5___________________________?B: I’m drawing pictures, my father is cooking for me.五、选词填空( going go swimming are butterflies in taking is I’m she’s fish play ) ____1_____ Mary. I usually ___2_____ to a park with my friends on the weekend. Today___3_____ Sunday. We’re in the park. Peter is _____4____ in the lake. Ben and Sam _____5__ doing sports. They can ____6_____ football. Lily is over there. ___7____ swinging with Lucy. Look at Tony and John! They’re___8_____ the river. They’re catching _____9_____. What am I doing? Look, I’m ____10____ pictures for them.六、阅读理解（一）Today is Teachers’ Day. We don’t go to school. It’s sunny and cool. We are having a good time with Miss Wang in a nature park. She teaches us math. She’s strict and smart, we all like her. Look! Fang Fang and Ling Ling are singing and dancing. Bin Bin is picking flowers with Dong Dong. Ming Ming is watching a rabbit. Is the rabbit sleeping? Oh, no, it’s eating carrots. Miss Wang is cooking lunch for us. I’m helping her. I’m washing vegetables and fruit. How happy we are!( ) 1. What’s the date today?A. It’s Sunday.B. It’s September 10th.( ) 2. Who’s Miss Wang?A. She’s our math teacher.B. She’s strict and smart.( ) 3. What can Fang Fang and Ling Ling do?A. They can sing and dance.B. They can pick flowers.( ) 4. What’s the rabbit doing?A. It’s sleeping.B. It’s eating carrots.( ) 5. Are they having a good time?A. Yes, they are.B. No, they aren’t（二）Jack and his mother are sitting at the table, They are having lunch.“I don’t like this soup. I don’t want to eat it. ”says Jack and he puts down the spoon. “All right”. Says his mother. “Don’t eat it. ”After lunch Jack and his mother work in the field. They work so hard.In the evening, Jack’s mother gives him a bowl of soup. “Oh, this soup is delicious.” Says Jack. “It is the same soup.” Says his mother.( ) 1. Where are Jack and his mother sitting ? ______________A. In the roomB. At the tableC. On the deskD. Under the tree( ) 2. What are they doing ? They’re __________.A. having lunchB. watching TVC. reading EnglishD. talking( ) 3. Does Jack like this soup ?______________________.A. Yes, he does.B. No, he doesn’tC. He likes the soupD. He doesn’t like it( ) 4. _________Jack and his mother in the field.A. In the morningB. After classC. Before lunchD. After lunch( ) 5. In the evening, Jack’s mother gives him __________.A. another bowl of soupB. the same cakeC. the same bowl of soupD. another cake【试题答案】一、补全单词1. d a nc e2. s ea s o n3. dr aw4. sp ea k5. wr i te6. v i s i t7. w a tc h8. cl imb9. i ns e cts 10. w h i ch二、判断每组单词中划线部分的读音是否一致，一致的画“T”，不一致的画“F”( F) 1. A. about B. now C. know( F) 2. A. early B. hear C. bear( F) 3. A. tree B. three C. train( F) 4. A. watch B. after C. garden( F) 5. A. teacher B. weather C. speak( T) 6. A. bright B. like C. night三、单项选择( C) 1. your parents work in the hospital?A. AreB. DoesC. Do( C) 2. Let’s good friends.A. isB. areC. be( B) 3. lovely the kittens are!A. WhatB. HowC. What a( B) 4. —What are these?—puppies.A. These areB. They areC. They( B) 5. Are there sheep near the house?A. someB. anyC. a( B) 6. you a book in the library on Sunday?A. Does, borrowB. Do, readC. Is, read( C) 7. We often read in the library.A. storysB. storyC. stories( C) 8. They often do in English class.A. listensB. listenC. listening( C) 9. Mr Liu many interesting books.A. haveB. havingC. has( A) 10. nice girls they are!A. WhatB. HowC. What aA. theB. toC. for( C) 12. He is playing a puppet.A. ofB. toC. with( B) 13. How do you have science classes?A. manyB. oftenC. old( C) 14. We are interested English.A. atB. onC. in( B)15. The photo us how students learn.A. showB. showsC. show四、补全对话，联系上下文选出合适的句子A: What’s your favourite season, Jack?B: __B__. Because it’s the best season to swim.A: ________E___________________?B: Yes, I can. I often swim in the river.A: _________G_______________________________.B: On Saturday afternoon. And my father usually goes with me.A: Are you swimming now?B: ________F_______.A: ________C_______________________?B: I’m drawing pictures, my father is cooking for me.五、选词填空( going go swimming are butterflies in taking is I’m she’s fis h play ) ___I’m ____ Mary. I usually ___ go ___ to a park with my friends on the weekend. Today __.is ___ Sunday. We’re in the park. Peter is ___ swimming ___ in the lake. Ben and Sam __ are _ doing sports. They can __ play __ football. Lily is over there. _She’s __ swinging with Lucy. Look at Tony and John! They’re__ in __ the river. They’re catching __ butterflies ___. What am I doing? Look, I’m _ taking __ pictures for them.六、阅读理解（一）Today is Teachers’ Day. We don’t go to school. It’s sunny and cool. We are having a good time with Miss Wang in a nature park. She teaches us math. She’s strict and smart, we all like her. Look! Fang Fang and Ling Ling are singing and dancing. Bin Bin is picking flowers with Dong Dong. Ming Ming is watching a rabbit. Is the rabbit sleeping? Oh, no, it’s eating carrots. Miss Wang is cooking lunch for us. I’m helping her. I’m washing vegetables and fruit. How happy we are!( B) 1. What’s the date today?A. It’s Sunday.B. It’s September 10th.( A) 2. Who’s Miss Wang?A. She’s our math teacher.B. She’s strict and smart.( A) 3. What can Fang Fang and Ling Ling do?A. They can sing and dance.B. They can pick flowers.( B) 4. What’s the rabbit doing?A. It’s sleeping.B. It’s eating carrots.( A) 5. Are they having a good time?A. Yes, they are.B. No, they aren’t（二）Jack and his mother are sitting at the table, They are having lunch.“I don’t like this soup. I don’t want to eat it. ”says Jack and he puts down the spoon. “All right”. Says his mother. “Don’t eat it. ”After lunch Jack and his mother work in the field. They work so hard.In the evening, Jack’s mother gives him a bowl of soup. “Oh, this soup is delicious.” Says Jack. “It is the same soup.” Says his mother.( B) 1. Where are Jack and his mother sitting ? ______________A. In the roomB. At the tableC. On the deskD. Under the tree( A) 2. What are they doing ? They’re __________.A. having lunchB. watching TVC. reading EnglishD. talking( B) 3. Does Jack like this soup ?______________________.A. Yes, he does.B. No, he doesn’tC. He likes the soupD. He doesn’t like it( D) 4. _________Jack and his mother in the field.A. In the morningB. After classC. Before lunchD. After lunch( C) 5. In the evening, Jack’s mother gives him __________.A. another bowl of soupB. the same cakeC. the same bowl of soupD. another cake。