英语专业考研英汉翻译高分特训100篇(其他文学作品类)【圣才出品】

2.5 其他文学作品类（Practice 43～Practice 57）Practice 43Mein Kampf's theme song, recurring again and again, is race, race purity, race supremacy, though nowhere did Hitler attempt to define race. It was never intended by Nature. Hitler claims, that all races should be equal, any more than individuals are equal. Some are created superior to others. The Germarts, as the world's Strongest race, should rule over the inferior races to the earth. All humanity in the long run would benefit through having the habitat of the highest race extended and scattered Germanic peoples united under one rule. The vast expansion visualized by Hitler would take place principally at the expense of other races. To attain the objectives set by his soaring ambition, Hitler proposes three methods: propaganda, diplomacy, and force. Nowhere in Mein Kampf is the author more revealing of himself and his tactics than in his discussion of propaganda techniques—correctly believed by him to be one of the Nazis’most effective and formidable weapons.（注释：Mein Kampf《我的奋斗》；Germanic peoples日耳曼民族）【参考译文】《我的奋斗》一书中一而再，再而三重复强调的主题就是种族、种族的纯正和种族的优越，虽然希特勒根本不想去解释什么叫种族。

希特勒宣称，上帝从不认为所有民族应当平等，正如个人不平等一样。

一些民族天生就高于另一些民族。

如世界上最强大的民族德国人就应统治地球上的劣等民族。

如果能使最优秀的民族地盘扩展到世界各地，并使分散的各日耳曼民族团结在一个统治下，全人类会最终从中受益。

希特勒所设想的大规模扩张主要就是以牺牲其他民族利益而进行的。

为了达到他野心勃勃的目的，希特勒提出三种手段，这就是宣传、外交和武力。

在《我的奋斗》一书中，最能揭示希特勒本人和他的手段的地方莫过于在论述其宣传技巧时，这个被他认为是纳粹最有效最厉害的武器之一。

Practice 44I have never had much patience with the writers who claim from the reader an effort to understand their meaning. You have only to go to the great philosophers to see that it is possible to express with lucidity the most subtle reflections. One cause of obscurity is that many writers think, not before, but as they write. The pen originates the thought. The disadvantages of this, and indeed it is a danger against which the author must be always on his guard, is that there is a sort of magic in the written word. The idea acquires substance by taking on a visible nature, and then stands in the way of its own clarification. But this sort of obscurity merges very easily into the wilful. Some writers who do not think clearly are inclined to suppose that their thoughts have a significance greater than at first sight appears. It is flattering to believe that they are too profound to be expressed so clearly that all who run may read, and very naturally it does not occur to such writers that the fault is with their own minds which have not the faculty of precise reflection.【参考译文】有些作家，读者要费力气才能看懂他们的意思，我对这样的作家一向是没有多少耐心的。

你只要看一看那些大哲学家的著作就会明白，即使是最细腻的思想也是可以表达得很清楚的。

写不清楚的一个原因是许多作家不是想好了再写，而是边写边想。

思想从运笔中产生。

这有一种缺点，甚至是作家必须时刻警惕的危险，即文字有一种魔力。

一个思想有了看得见的形状后，变成了具体的东西，它会妨碍作者把它进一步说清楚。

不过，这种不清楚很容易与作者故意造成的不清楚混在一起。

有些作家思路不请，往往认为自己的思想并不像乍一看那样肤浅，而是具有深刻的含义。

认为自己的思想深奥，不可能表达那么清楚，让什么人都能理解，这是一种虚荣的念头。

这样的作家当然不会想到，问题还是出在自己脑子缺乏精确思考的能力。

Practice 45Moreover, if SF is the laboratory of the imagination, its experiments are often of the kind that may significantly alter the subject matter even as they are being carried out. That is, SF has always had a certain feedback effect on society, as its visions emotionally engage the future consciousness of the mass public regarding especially desirable and undesirable possibilities. The shape a society takes in the present is in part influenced by its image of the future. For that matter, some individuals in recent years have even shaped their own lifestyle after appealing models provided by SF stories. The diffusion of SF futuristic images of alternative societies through the media of movies and television may have speeded up and augmented SF's social feedback effects. Thus SF is not only change speculator but change agent, sending an echo from the future that is becoming into the presentthat is sculpting it. This fact alone makes imperative in any education system the study of the kinds of works discussed here.【参考译文】而且，如果科幻小说确实是遐想实验室的话，那么它的实验往往是还在进行中就能大大改变研究的课题。

这就是说，科幻小说总是对社会起到某种反馈作用。

因为它所想象的东西在情感上激起了大众对未来社会出现好的或坏的种种可能性的关注。

在某种程度上现在社会的模式就是受它对未来社会模式的构想所影响的。

在这方面，近几年来出现一些人，他们就是模仿科幻小说里颇具吸引力的生活模式去塑造自己的生活方式。

科幻小说描写的各种社会的未来形象通过电影、电视媒体得到广为传播，这或许就加快和增强了科幻小说对社会的反馈作用。

因此科幻小说不仅仅构思变化，而且还直接影响变化，通过描写未来，把诱人的未来全盘搬到正在形成未来的现在社会中。

仅此事实就说明了在任何教育体系中开展对这类作品研究的必要性。

Practice 46Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession. There is no agreement whet her methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. Historians, especially those so bhnded bv their research interests that they have been accused of “tunnel method 99 frequently fall victim to the“technician fallacv”. Also common in the natural sciences, the technician fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation. It applies equally to traditionalhistorians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.【参考译文】方法论对搞历史研究的人说来，其内在原因一直是一个含糊的术语。