八年级英语下册概要

Unit 1 helping these in need

一、核心词汇

Raise_________ permission___________ disabled_____________ Teenager_________ offer________________ suffer_______________ Serious__________ illness_______________ express_____________ Pain____________ lonely______________ friendship__________ Difficulty_________ hurt_______________ courage___________ Spirits____________

二、重点短语

In need__________ voluntary work_______________

Ask permission____________ suffer from__________________

Raise one’s spirits_____________ in order to ________________

三．必背句子

1. Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays. 三个青少年主动提出在学校假期期间去做义工。

2. The children there all suffer from serious illnesses.

那儿所有的孩子都被严重的疾病折磨着。

3. My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien,

我和我的妈妈将继续看望微微安。

4. Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely.

她父母死于一场车祸，她很不开心且非常孤单。

5.They have difficulty walking or moving.

他们走路或移动有困难。

6.I will continue to do voluntary work in the future.

将来我要继续做义务性工作。

7. I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.

我教他们唱歌，因为音乐能带给他们喜悦与宁静。

8. We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.

四、词性变化总结

1. permission 名词→动词permit

2. illness 名词→形容词ill

3. organize 动词→名词organization

4. express 动词→名词expression

5. friendship 名词→形容词friendly

6. difficulty 名词→形容词difficult

7. joy/ peace 名词→形容词joyful/ peaceful

8. courage 名词→动词encourage

9.paint 动词→名词painting(绘画)

五、第一单元主要语法点：动词不定式

1.基本结构：to+动词原形，有时可省略to,其否定形式是“not+动词原形”

2.不定式作宾语：(即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后)

如：We decide to have a party.

能直接带不定式作宾语的及物动词主要有：want, like, love, need, try, ask, learn, begin, start, forget, remember, hope, wish, agree, choose, fail, refuse, decide, afford, offer, plan 等。

3.不定式做宾语补足语：

能用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：

Ask, tell, get, would like, want, teach, show, allow, encourage, wish, invite

如：Our teachers encouraged us to work hard on our subject.

*** 动词不定式作宾语补足语省略TO的情况：

一听：hear, listen to

二看：watch, see, look at

三使：let, make, have

四注意：notice

五感觉：feel

如：1. Let him do the work.

2. He made me work day and night.

3.I saw him fall off the bike.

3.不定式作目的状语：（即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后，仅对谓语动词起一个补

充说明的作用，如果没有它，句子意思仍然完整，它不像作宾语一样，与谓语动词有密切的联系）

如：

The doctor came to operate on her.

He rushed into the room to save the girl.

He got up early to catch the train.

六、小语法点

1.raise, rise的区别

这两个词都有提高，上升，增加的意思，但其用法不一样。

Raise是及物动词，其主语是人，而rise 是不及物动词，其主语是物。

如：The sun rises and bathes the earth.太阳升起，普照大地

The boy is helping raise money. 这个男孩正在帮助筹钱。

2.ill, sick的区别

Ill和sick都有“生命的，有病的“之意，但用法并不完全相同。

Ill 表示生病的，有病的，这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语。而sick既可以做标语也可以作定语。

如：“病人”可以说 a sick man，（sick作定语），但不能说an ill man.