英国文学史选读课件The Anglo-Saxon Period
英国文学TheAngloSaxonPeriod ppt课件
The Anglo-Saxon Period witnessed a Transition from tribal society to feudalism.
British Literature I
5. The Anglo-Saxon religious belief
The Anglo-Saxons were heathen (异教徒) people, believing in old mythology of Northern Europe.
Early Inhabitants
Britons
Britain
a tribe of Celts the land of Britons
primitive people clustering of huts
tribal society
2. The Roman Conquest
British Literature I
British Literature I
History and Selected Readings of British Literature
British Literature I
Outline of British Literature
▪ 1. Anglo-Saxon Period 盎格鲁-撒克逊时期(449-1066) ▪ 2. Anglo-Norman Period (Middle Ages)盎格鲁- 诺曼时期
English language was influenced by the Northern mythology.
▪ 6.The Romanticism浪漫主义时期（1798-1832） ▪ 7.The Critical Realism 批判现实主义时期（19世纪30年代-
英国文学史及选读第一册
英国文学史选读第一册Part I The Anglo-Saxon Period(449-1066)The literature: The literature of this period falls naturally into two divisions: pagan(异教徒文学) and Christian(基督徒文学)Form: Alliterative verseThe coming of Christianity meant not simply a new life and leader for England; it meant also the wealth of a new language.Caedmon(开德蒙) wrote a poetic Paraphrase of the Bible.The great epic—The Song of Beowulf : The Song of Beowulf can be justly termed England’s national epic and its hero Beowulf—one of the national heroes of the English people.Part II THE ANGLO-NORMAN PERIOD (1066-1350) Background: the Normans headed by William, defeated the Anglo- Saxon.The literature:The literature is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure. English literature is also a combination of French and Saxon language.Literary work: Sir Gawain and the Green KnightTerm explanation:Romance(传奇): Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages. It is about the life and adventures undertaken by aknight. It reflected the spirit of chivalry. The content of romance: love, religion, chivalry. It involves fighting and adventures.Part III GEOFFREY CHAUCER (1340?-1400)Geoffrey Chaucer, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatestnarrative poets of England. Chaucer’s creative work vividly reflected the changes which had taken root in English culture of the second half of the14 century.thChaucer chose the metrical form(格律诗) which laid the foundation of the English tonico-syllabic verse. And also found the London dialect as the English literary language.Works: The Canterbury TalesTerm explanation:Popular Ballads：The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth line rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families. Bishop Thomas was among the first to take a literary interest in ballads. There are various kinds of ballads: historical, legendary, fantastical, lyrical and humorous. The paramount ballad is Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale .Comments on Robin Hood: Robin Hood is a partly historical and partlylegendary character. The first mention of Robin Hood in literature is in William Langland’s The Vision of Piers, the Plowman.The character of Robin Hood is many-sided. Strong, brave and clever, he is at the same time tender-hearted and affectionate. His hatred for the cruel oppressors is the result of his love for the poor and downtrodden.Works: Robin Hood and Allin-a-DaleGet up and Bar the DoorSir Patrick SpensPART IV THE RENAISSANCE(1485-1603) an age of drama and lyrical poetryThe 16 century in England was a period of the breaking up of feudal threlations and the establishing of the foundations of capitalism.Term explanation:Renaissance:1) renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the14 century to the 17 century. With the development ofth thbourgeois relationships and formation of the English national statethis period is marked by a flourishing of nation culture known asthe Renaissance. The term renaissance originally indicated arevival of classical(Greek and Roman) arts and sciences after thedark ages of medieval obscurantism(蒙昧主义). The greatest ofthe English humanists were Thomas More and William Shakespeare.2) Theme: the expression of secular values with man instead of Godas the center of the universe. It emphasizes the dignity of man, values of man.3) Two major types: drama and lyrical poetry.It affirms the earthly achievement, man’s desire for happiness and pleasure.Works:1. Thomas More: humanist,utopia (give a profound and truthful picture of the people’s sufferings and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.2. Francis Bacon: scientist and philosopher;his works may be divided onto three classes: the philosophical, the literary, and the professionalessays3. Thomas Wyatt: the first to introduce the sonnet into Englishliterature.4. Edmund Spenser: The Fairy Queen5. John Lyly: Eupheus; gave rise to the term “euphuism”,designating an affected style of court speech.6. Christopher Marlowe: the greatest pioneers of English drama;made bland verse the principal vehicle expression in drama.7. Robert Greene: George Green, the Pinner of Wakefield8. William Shakespeare: one of the first founders of realism, amaster hand at realistic portrayal of human characters andrelations.Hamlet ( Hamlet is considered to be thesummit of Shakespeare’s art. The whole tragedy is permeat edwith the spirit of Shakespeare’s own time. Hamlet is theprofoundest expression of Shakespeare’s humanism and hiscriticism of contemporary life.)PART V THE 17 TH CENTURYTHE PERIOD OF REVOLUTION AND RESTORATIONLiterary characteristics in this period:The 17 century was one of the most tempestuous periods in Englishthhistory. The contradictions between the feudal system and the bourgeoisie had reached its peak and resulted in a revolutionary outburst.(1)The Puritan influence:medieval standard of chivalry, the impossible love and romances perished. The Puritans believed in simplicity of life. They disapproved of the sonnets and love poetry. The Bible became now the one book of thepeople.(2) the exaggeration of the “metaphysical” poetsPoetry took new and startling forms. Prose became somber. The spiritual gloom sooner or later fastens upon all the writers of this age. This so- called gloomy age produced some minor poems of exquisite workmanship, and one great master of verse whose work would glorify any age or people---John Milton.(3) The French influence is most marked in the drama.Rimed couplets instead of blank verse;The unities, a more regular construction, and the presentation rather than individual;The comedies are coarse in language and their view of the relations between men and women is immoral and dishonest.(4) restoration created a literature of its own, that was often witty and clever, but on the whole immoral and cynical. The most popular genre was that of comedy those chief aim was to entertain the licentious aristocrats. John Dryden, critic, poet and playwright was the most distinguished literary figure of that time.John Donne:His prose style, involuted and ornate, cumulative and Ciceronian, is one of the more glorious monuments to the spirit of the early seventeenth century.Song (“ Go and Catch a Falling Star”)A Valediction: Forbidding MourningSonnet: Death be not proudJohn Milton: poet, Puritan, fight for human rights; in 1652 became totally blind.Paradise Lost: it is based on the biblical legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race---Adam and Eve, and involves God and his eternal adversary, Satan in its plot. It presents the author’s views in an allegoric religious form, and the reader will easily discern its basic idea--- the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for freedom.Sonnet: On His Blindness\Sonnet: On His Deceased WifeJohn Bunyan: spiritual independence, gave us the only great allegory. He was imprisoned for preaching without a license.The Pilgrim’s Progress: written in old-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.Bunyan speaks in terse, idiomatic prose, and his characters are living men and women.PART VI THE 18 THCENTURY ( an age of prose and novel)THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT IN ENGLANDThe theme: social reality, common people’s life.The enormous amount of eighteenth century writing devoted to transient affairs, to politics, fashions, gossip.Enlightenment: on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the thenprogressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people. The problem of man comes to the fore, superseding all other problems in literature.1.Joseph Addison, Richard Steele: the publishers of a moralistic journal The Tatler and The SpectatorThese two magazines are the first important recognitions by literature of the special of the special interests of women readers, and also brought literature down to everyday life and kept it clean and wholesome.The essays and stories of Addison and Steele, devoted not only to social problems, but also to private life and adventures, gave an impetus to thedevelopment of the 18 century novel.thSir Roger是Joseph Addison塑造的经典形象。
英语专业英国文学史课件Chapter One Beowulf
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The crash in the banqueting-hall came to the Danes,
• the men of the guard that remained in the building, • with the taste of death. The deepening rage • of the claimants to Heorot caused it to resound. • It was indeed wonderful that the wine-supper-hall • withstood the wrestling pair, that the world’s palace • fell not the ground. But it was girt firmly, • both inside and out, by iron braces • of skilled manufacture. Many a figured • Gold-worked wine-bench, as we heard it, • started from the floor at the struggles of that pair.
•
• • • •
The men of the Danes had not imagined that any of mankind by what method soever might undo that intricate, antlered hall, sunder it by strength – unless it were swallowed up in the embrace of fire.
Targets of Comments
英国文学的PPT教案literature in the Anglo-Saxon and middle english period
The Middle English Period(10661500)
• Influence of Norman Conquest in 1066 in politics: feudalist system was established in England in religion: Catholic Church had a much stronger power over the country in language: three languages co-existed French, Latin, English
5. The period of Enlightenment(启蒙运动)(18th) Alexander Pope Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe Henry Fielding: The History of Tom Jones Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels Richard Brinsley Sheridan: The School of Scandal Thomas Gray and Robert Burns
romance
Romance: uses narrative verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or heroic deeds 1. hero: knight 2. plot: set out—test: the meeting with the evil—accomplish one’s mission—return most famous one: King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 高文爵士和绿色骑士
英国文学史及作品选读课件Chapter 1The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1066)
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(2) Caedmon:
The earliest English poet. According to Bede, he was an elderly herdsman who received the power of song in a vision. died c. 680
(2) Anglo-Norman Period (Middle English)--- as a result of Norman conquest of the island.
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3. Historical background:
(1) The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the Celts;
King Alfred’s contribution to English literature: 3 aspects.
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King Alfred’s Contribution to English Language &British Literature
In the 9th century, the Christian Anglo-Saxons were invaded by the Danes. The Danes occupied the northern part of the island. They were stopped by Alfred, King of the West Saxons from 871 till 899, who for a time united all the kingdoms of southern England. Alfred translated various works from Latin. Practically all of Old English poetry is preserved in copies made in the West Saxon dialect after the reign of Alfred.
(完整版)英美文学选读课PPTLectureTwo
● Beowulf killed Grendel’s mother and be the king of the country.
● Beowulf fought against the fire dragon and died.
The Theme
• How the primitive people struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader.
Beowulf
The Story
● Hrothgar, built a great hall named Heorot ● The hall was later harassed by a monster named Grendel. ● Beowulf fought againsts Grendel and killed him. ● Grendel’s mother came to revenge.
The earliest inhabitants in England: the Celts, from the upper Rhineland
2英国文学9.13PPT课件
Jutes
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2. Literature characteristics ★ two kinds: pagan literature and Christian
literature 1) Pagan literature represents poetry and in
form of oral sagas. (“Beowulf”)
the Mid-autumn Day Nu Wa mending the sky
legends about this festival
★ Chang E flying to the moon ★ Wu Gang cutting the cherry
bay ★ Romance of Zhu Yuanzhang and moon cake
self-preservation; 3). By placing self-protection before honor, Gawain has sinned and fallen and become an image of Adam. Human excellence is marked by original sin, and the girdle itself remains a perpetual reminder of his weakness.
★Middle English literature is uttered by more voices, deals with a wider range of subjects and is in a greater
diversity of styles, tones and genres. ★ Romance and ballad occupy and important position. ★The literature reflects the principles of the medieval Christian doctrine and emphasizes the humanity of Christ
Chapter 1 English literature of the Anglo-Saxon period
II. English Literature of the Anglo-Saxon
Period
• 1. Beowulf • 2. Caedmon: Paraphrase • 3. Venerable Bede: The Ecclesiastical History
of the English People
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the wroth of the Christian God)
• Grendel’ mother • Geatland: Beowulf • King Hygelac • dragon • Wiglaf (one of the 12 • companions)
• Grendel’s mother, woman, monster-wife, was mindful of her misery, she who had to dwell in the terrible water, the cold currents, after Cain became sword-slayer of his only brother, his own father’s son. Then Cain went as an outlaw to flee the cheerful life of men, marked for his murder, held to the wasteland. From him sprang many a devil sent by fate. Grendel was one of them, hateful outcast who at Heorot found a waking man waiting his warfare.
• Conversion to Christianity:
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● The religious poetry is also called Christian poetry. It is mainly on biblical stories and saints’ lives. But sometimes there is a mixture of Christian and pagan ideas in these poems. It is represented by Caedmon and Cynewulf.
● 2. There are two groups of English poetry in Anglo-Saxon period—pagan (世俗诗) and religious （宗教诗） poetry. Pagan poetry
was represented by Beowulf while religious
poetry was represented by the works of Caedmon （凯德蒙） and Cynewulf(塞内武甫）.
● 3. In the 8th century, Anglo-Saxon prose
appeared. The famous prose writers of that period were Venerable Bede （比德） and Alfred the Great （阿尔弗烈德大王）.
itons
Angles Saxons Jutes
Danes
Normans English
Three famous conquests
British Literature I
● There are three famous conquests in the British history which have enormous impact on British literature. (1)The Roman Conquest (55B.C-410A.D.)
●
1.The Pagan Poetry: The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫之歌》
i. Introduction
British Literature I
ii. Significance of “Beowulf”
iii. Poetic Form and Features of “Beowulf”
Ⅲ. Anglo-Saxon Poetry
British Literature I
● 1. Pagan Poetry（世俗诗）
● The pagan poetry, also called secular poetry, does not contain any specific Christian doctrine and emphasizes on the harshness of circumstance and the helplessness of humans before the power of fate. Beowulf is the representative.
iv. What is an epic?
The Song of Beowulf
British Literature I
i. Introduction
1. Its characters:
Beowulf: nephew of Hygelac Hygelac: king of Yeats in Jutland Hrothgar: king of the Danes Grendel: a monster Grendel’s mother: she-monster
Contents
British Literature I
I.
The Historical Background
II. Characteristics of Anglo- Saxon Literature
III.
Anglo-Saxon Poetry
IV.
Anglo-Saxon Prose
V.
Assignments
British Literature I
Part II The Anglo-Saxon Period (449 A.D.-1066 A.D.)
江西科技师范大学 外国语学院
本章任务
British Literature I
让学生了解并掌握以下几个知识点： ● 1. 英国盎格鲁-撒克逊时期的文学概况； ● 2.古英语诗歌的分类及特征； ● 3.史诗《贝奥武甫》赏析； ● 4.英语修辞手法头韵、抑言陈述。
(2) The Anglo-Saxon Conquest (449-1066)
(3) The Norman Conquest (1066-1485)
Ⅱ.Characteristics of Anglo-Saxon Literature
British Literature I
● There were two literary divisions: one was pagan and the other was religious. And the main literary forms are poetry and prose, and poetry was in oral form.
Three characteristics:
British Literature I
● 1. Anglo-Saxon literature is almost a verse
literature in oral form. It was only given a written form long after its composition.
I. Historical Background
British Literature I
● The making of the nation: from the following formula, we can know that the English people
are of a mixed blood: