威尼斯商人阅读练习题
《威尼斯商人(节选)》练习题
4．下列加点词语使用不恰当的一项是( C )(3 分) A．为了证实他的观点，他不但遍稽群籍 ，而且不断实践，终于获 ．．．． 得成功。 B．不是有例可援 的事情，不要轻易相信。 ．．．． C．9 个大桥墩是南京长江大桥的中流砥柱 。 ．．．． D．敌军的到来使整个小村鸡犬不宁 。 ．．．．
5．下列各句分别是谁说的话？运用了什么修辞方法？在表达上有什么效果？
夏 洛 克 哪一个人会恨他所不愿意杀死的东西？
巴萨尼奥 初次的冒犯，不应该就引为仇恨。 夏 洛 克 什么！你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？
安东尼奥
请你想一想，你现在跟这个犹太人讲理 ，就像站在海滩上 ，叫
那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力 ，责问豺狼为什么害得母羊因为失去它 的羔羊而哀啼 ，或是叫那山上的松柏 ，在受到天风吹拂的时候 ，不要摇头 摆脑，发出簌簌的声音。要是你能够叫这个犹太人的心变软 ——世上还有什
字)(4分) ①展映后，学生对戏曲电影的喜爱与支持率均_________ 明显提高 。 均最受学生喜爱 。 ②四部电影中，黄梅戏《天仙配》在展映前后_________________
(一 ) 巴萨尼奥 你这冷酷无情的家伙，这样的回答可不能作为你的残忍的辩解。 夏 洛 克 我的回答本来就不是为了讨你的欢喜。 巴萨尼奥 难道人们对于他们所不喜欢的东西，都一定要置之死地吗？
C．英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家莎士比亚，在其喜剧作品《威尼斯商人》
中塑造了一个贪婪、阴险的吝啬鬼形象——葛朗台。 D．高尔基的自传体小说《童年》中，阿廖沙在黑暗污浊的环境中仍保持着 生活的勇气和信心，逐渐成长为坚强勇敢、充满爱心的人。
月24日消息(记者
C．袒露
D．祈祷
凹陷
尊翰
赔偿
钧裁
部编版九年级语文下册第13课《威尼斯商人》课后练习题(附答案解析)
部编版九年级语文下册第13课《威尼斯商人》课后练习题（附答案解析）一、知识点拨与学法引导（一）整体感知课文节选自英国著名戏剧家莎士比亚的一部著名喜剧《威尼斯商人》的第四幕第一场，是全剧的高潮。
这场戏描写了威尼斯法庭审判“割一磅肉”的契约纠纷案件的经过，以鲍西娅上场为转机分为两部分，前半场主要是夏洛克的戏，后半场主要是鲍西娅的戏。
这场戏的故事情节并不复杂，却写得波澜起伏，扣人心弦，结构严谨完整。
简洁紧凑得就象一出独幕剧一样。
每一个登场人物都有自己的面貌和个性。
作者善于在矛盾冲突中刻划人物性格，随着事件的变化，人物的思想也在变化，这是这场戏在描绘人物性格上的显著特点。
（二）学法引导1、阅读课文，着重理清戏剧冲突中情节发展的过程，口述课文的故事梗概；认识文中几个主要人物的思想性格，明确这篇戏剧所反映的社会生活；体会剧本中所用的“夸张”“悬念”“对比”“突转”等戏剧技巧，以及个性化的人物语言。
2、课外查找资料，了解莎士比亚的生平和对戏剧文学的巨大贡献，了解他的一些重要作品，进一步感受莎士比亚戏剧的艺术风格品味本文语言的诙谐生动、优美流畅。
（三）审美鉴赏优美动人，含义隽永的比喻。
节选的剧本语言优美动人，含义隽永，这和作者在戏剧语言里自如地运用多种修辞手法，尤其是生动、贴切的比喻分不开。
如，安东尼奥说“我是羊群里一头不中用的病羊，死是我的应分，最软弱的果子最先落到地上，让我也就这样结束了我的一生吧”。
病羊的比喻形象而又真切地勾勒出他那软弱的性格，“果子落地”一句仿佛使我们看到了他面临的悲惨遭遇。
这样的比喻通俗晓畅，既符合人物的性格、紧扣剧情，又体现了作者广博的学识，敏锐的观察能力。
（四）重点难点突破1 、课文中贯穿全剧的矛盾冲突是什么？主题思想是什么？[析]这道题意在引导学生理清剧情，理清贯穿全剧的矛盾线索，理解剧本所表达的中心。
[参考答案] 贯穿全剧的矛盾冲突是：高利贷商人夏洛克与威尼斯商人安东尼奥的矛盾冲突。
《威尼斯商人》问题探究
《威尼斯商人》问题探究１、作者莎士比亚在安东尼奥、鲍西娅等人身上寄予了什么？寄予了人文主义者的纯洁无私、轻利重义的道德理想。
２、《威尼斯商人》一文中公爵说：“你如此一点没有慈善之心，今后如何能够期望人家对你慈善呢？”这一句对情节的进展起了什么作用？如此说是对情节进展的一个暗示，说明了夏洛克最终可不能有什么好结局。
３、阅读全剧，说说莎士比亚对夏洛克这一人物持什么样的态度？作者成功地塑造了夏洛克如此一个极端利己的高利贷者的形象，作者莎士比亚恨夏洛克的冷酷无情，同时通过夏洛克，又为一切受民族与宗教鄙视的犹太人鸣不平，表达了作者资产阶级人道主义的立场。
４、如何样认识这场戏的喜剧性？提示：这场戏的情节富有奇特的浪漫色彩，大开大合，紧张曲折，专门有喜剧性。
剧中有夸张（如夏洛克提出割一磅肉的荒唐要求；鲍西娅对“割一磅肉”的法律说明；鲍西娅与尼莉女扮男装和夫君同时出庭，夫君却不明真相）、对比（安东尼奥、公爵等人的宽恕仁慈与夏洛克的顽固凶残）、悬念、突转（鲍西娅抓住契约中的破绽降服夏洛克，使冲突朝有利于安东尼奥的方向进展）等戏剧技巧的圆熟运用，有仁慈与残酷，友谊和仇恨，复仇和报应之间的尖锐对立以及情节进展的波澜起伏、出人意料，充满着极强的张力，充分显示了莎士比亚的戏剧才能。
６、世界文学画廊中，有四大吝啬鬼形象，夏洛克是其中之一，你明白另外的三个吗？课外了解这几个人物形象，说说他们吝啬的表现有什么不一样？（本题旨在引导学生通过课外拓展阅读，加深对夏洛克那个人物形象的认识。
）另外三个是法国戏剧家莫里哀的喜剧《悭吝人》中的阿巴贡，法国小说家巴尔扎克的小说《欧也妮·葛朗台》中的葛朗台，俄国作家果戈里的小说《死魂灵》中的泼留希金。
阿巴贡、葛朗台、泼留希金的性格比较单一，确实是吝啬。
而夏洛克的性格要紧方面因此是吝啬，但他同时还爱女儿，对作为犹太人所受到的鄙视和侮辱满怀愤慨，因此他的性格是丰满的、复杂的，是活生生的。
中外名著比较阅读12莎士比亚 威尼斯商人
5.慈悲不是出于勉强，它是像甘
露一样从天上降下尘世；它不但
给辛福于受施的人，也同样给辛
福于施与的人。
【第三部分】经典段落诵读与赏 析 6.爱情是盲目的，恋人们看不到 自己做的傻事。
【第四部分】中高考试题考点
莎士比亚 1.______________ 是英国文学史上最杰出的戏剧家，也
是欧洲文艺复兴时期最重要、最伟大的作家。华人社会
夏洛克，葛朗台，泼留希金，阿巴贡
2.欧洲文学“四大吝啬鬼”形象是_______、_______、
_______、_______（人物），分别出自_______、
_______、_______、_______（作品）。 《威尼斯商人》（英）莎士比亚； 《欧也妮· 葛朗台》（法）巴尔扎克； 《死魂灵》（俄）果戈里； 《悭吝人》（法）莫里哀
3.有这么一个真实故事：1704年苏格兰水手塞尔柯克 在海上与船长争吵，被船长遗弃在荒岛上，四年后被 救回英国。这一故事引起轰动，也引起作家们的关注。 笛福 其中一位叫___________ 的作家据此为原型创作了一部 小说《________ 》。 鲁滨逊漂流记
4.小说的主人公是鲁宾逊把被救的土人取名为 星期五 ，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和 "_________" 朋友。小说中的描写________是全书的精华。
鲁滨逊在荒岛上的经历
现实主义 5.《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部成功的_________小说，小
说主人公鲁滨逊也因此成为欧洲文学史上的一个著名 的文学形象。
28 6.鲁滨逊在荒岛上生活了__________ 年，高度浓缩地
体现着人的本质和人类进步的历程，他成了一位独自 创造文明的英雄。
斯威夫特 7.《格列佛游记》作者是___________，主人公是
2019年中考语文名著阅读练习题(附参考答案)
中考语文名著阅读练习题１、有一篇新闻的标题是：纯净水市场“李鬼”泛滥。
李鬼出自《》，在这里指代。
2、根据诗句判断人物(均出自我国四大古典名著)。
①一头红焰发蓬松，两只眼睛亮似灯。
不黑不青蓝靛脸，如雷如鼓老龙声。
身披一领鹅黄氅，腰束双攒露白藤。
项下骷髅悬九个，手持宝杖甚峥嵘。
( )②人物形象疾恶如仇、侠肝义胆、脾气火爆，但粗中有细，豁达明理。
( )3、你读过一些课外名著，请按提示完成下面的填空。
(1)《水浒》中叙述了好汉“大闹野猪林”的故事。
(2)《西游记》主要记叙唐僧师徒四人战胜各路妖魔鬼怪，的故事。
(3)《鲁滨孙漂流记》的作者是英国作家。
4、根据提供的相关事件，在横线上填入人物姓名。
①雪夜上梁山《水浒》②大战流沙河《西游记》③外祖母善良、聪明能干、热爱生活，有圣徒般的宽大胸怀。
《童年》5、名著知识填空（填写人物）。
什么样的人才能称得上英雄？《三国演义》中以勇武助刘备建立一番功业的固然是，《水浒传》里用谋略帮晁盖智取生辰纲的何尝不是？《钢铁是怎样炼成的》中不屈服于命运、坚持崇高理想追求的固然是，《名人传》中“扼住命运的咽喉”6示例：潇湘馆、丫环紫鹃、葬花、。
人物：林黛玉①。
人物：。
②日本仙台、医学教授、修改讲义。
鲁迅作品：。
③海难、荒岛、“星期五”。
英国历险小说主人公：。
7、分别简述沙僧、猪八戒的性格特点。
示例：沙僧：忠厚诚恳，任劳任怨，正直无私，一心一意保唐僧西行，谨守佛门戒律。
八戒：。
8、我们生活在这样的一个年代，可以从保尔身上汲取到什么精神？。
9、下列故事不是《三国演义》中的一项是（）A、三顾茅庐B、三气周瑜C、桃园三结义D、三打祝家庄10、《三国演义》中诸葛亮是家喻户晓的人物。
他上知天文，下晓地理，成了智慧的代表。
在四大古典名著中，有一部作品也塑造了一位足智多谋的军师，这个人物是：。
11、根据《教学大纲》推荐的名著填空。
名著是美的，《》美在它对母爱、童心的赞美；《》美在它对顽强不屈精神的赞美；鲁智深美在他的性格；祥子美在他的顽强精神。
2-23威尼斯商人
• 安东尼奥和夏洛克：由于在海上投入的钱还没收回，
安东尼奥手头上暂时也无法拿出这么多钱。于是 他被迫向一个富有的犹太放债人夏洛克借这笔钱。 安东尼奥和夏洛克都不喜欢对方：对于安东尼奥 来说，他看不起放高利贷的，另一方面，他不喜 欢夏洛克也因为他是犹太人；对于夏洛克来说， 安东尼奥借钱给人从不收利息，这样就损害了他 的利益。 • 尽管如此，在这种情况下，夏洛克还是同意借钱 给安东尼奥，而且也不收他的利息；但是夏洛克 提出了一个奇怪的要求：如果安东尼奥拖欠还款 的话，他将会从安东尼奥身上割下一磅肉。
• 阅读后半场，说说鲍西娅在法庭上是如何一步步 制服夏洛克的？ • 剧情这样展开比一次性和盘托出有什么好处? 如 果你是鲍西娅，你还有别的办法吗？
• 鲍西娅主要是利用了夏洛克要严格执行契 约这一点，采用了欲擒故纵、先退后进的 策略，一步步终于将夏洛克引进她用智慧 设计成的陷阱。 • 这样的安排，使情节大起大落，充满强烈 的戏剧色彩，更为生动、精彩，使人物个 性的展示也更加丰富，主题也得到更为有 力的表现。
猜猜他是谁
• 当神甫把镀金的十字架送到他唇边,给他亲吻 基督的圣像,为他做临终法事时,他竟做了一个 骇人的姿势,想把金十字架抓到手里。这最后 的努力送了他的命。他临终对女儿的遗言是 “把一切照顾得好好的，到那边来向我交帐。 "
葛朗台法国巴尔扎克 《欧也妮 ．葛朗台》
猜猜他是谁
• 他实为富豪却形似乞丐。衣服很象一件妇人的 家常衫子，且沾满了面粉，后背还有一个大窟 窿。头上戴的帽子，正如村妇所戴的，颈子上 也围着一种莫名其妙的东西。是旧袜子？腰带 还是绷带？不能断定.但决不是围巾。他的住 室，如果没有桌子上的一顶破旧睡帽作证，是 谁也不相信这房子里住着活人的。他每天每天 聚敛财富，而且经他走过的路.就用不着打扫. 他甚至偷别人的东西.。
《威尼斯商人》节选阅读及答案
《威尼斯商人》节选阅读及答案《威尼斯商人》节选阅读及答案名著阅读（8分）鲍西娅：(转视巴萨尼奥)那信里一定有写什么坏消息,巴萨尼奥的脸色都变白了，多半是灾难的降临,否则不会有别的事情会把一个堂堂的男子激动到这个样子的。
巴萨尼奥：(面呈痛苦状)噢！上帝！鲍西娅：怎么了！巴萨尼奥,究竟出了什么事？恕我冒渎，巴萨尼奥，我是您自身的一半，这封信所带给您的任何不幸,也必须让我分去一半(双手握举与胸前,目视巴萨尼奥)。
巴萨尼奥：啊，亲爱的鲍西亚！这信里缩写的是自有纸墨以来最悲惨的字句！我必须告诉你，鲍西亚当初我向你倾吐我的爱慕之情的时候，我坦白的告诉您，我的高贵的家世是我仅有的财产，那是我并未撒谎，可是单单把我说成一个两袖清风的塞士，还未免夸张，因为我不但一无所有，而且背负着一身债务，不但欠了我的一个好朋友的许多钱，还累他为了我的缘故，欠了他的仇家的钱，这封信上面的每一个字，都是一处血淋的创伤，可是(转对萨莱尼奥)那是真的吗？从特里坡利斯、墨西哥、英国、里斯本、巴本里和印度来的船只，没有一只能够逃过那些毁害商船的礁石的撞击吗？萨拉里诺：一艘也没有逃过，而且即使他现在有钱还犹太人，那犹太人也不肯收他，我从来没见过如此残忍的家伙，他不分昼夜的向公爵絮叨，说是他们若不给他主持公道，那么威尼斯根本不成其为自由邦，二十个商人，公爵自己，还有那些最有名望的绅士，都曾劝他，可是谁都不能让他回心转意，放弃他狠毒的控诉，他一口咬定，要求按照约文规定，处罚安东尼奥的违约。
17．从选段中的内容中可以看出，安东尼奥面临着怎样的危机？（4分）18．巴萨尼奥所说的那个犹太人是谁？那个犹太人是一个怎样的人？结合后面的情节说说，那个犹太人的愿意实现了吗？（4分）参考答案：整理17.安东尼奥原计划自己的商船回来就可以还清夏洛克的贷款。
现在商船全部失事面临破产，并且已经逾期未还贷款，将要按约被夏洛克从自己的身上割一磅肉。
18.萨来尼奥所说的那个犹太人是夏洛克。
《威尼斯商人》阅读思考题参考答案及梗概范文
LEVEL 3 The Merchant of Venice< Answer Key >Chapter 1Preview Questions1. A merchant is someone who buys and sells things, or trades goods.2. I think he is sad because he doesn’t have any friends.3. I think the merchant will help his friend get out of some kind of trouble.Review Questions1. The merchant’s name is Antonio.2. Antonio’s friends tried to explain his sadness by saying that he was worried about his ships and his cargo, or he was in love.3. The merchant would help his friend Bassanio helping him borrow the money he needs.Chapter 2Preview Questions1. Yes, I think it will be easy for Bassanio to marry Portia.No, I don’t think it will be easy for Bassanio to marry Portia.2. I think Bassanio will try to convince Portia to marry him by telling her that he will provide her with anything she wants.3. Yes, I think Portia will like some of the men who come to visit her.No, I don’t think Portia will like any of the men who come to visit her.Review Questions1. Nerissa is Portia’s maid.2. Portia didn’t like the man who came from England because he never studied anything. Portia couldn’t talk with him because he didn’t understand Latin, French, or Italian.3. Portia’s father made the condition that only the man who chose the right box out of the three boxes could marry his daughter.Chapter 3Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Antonio will be able to borrow money.2. As a guarantee, I think Antonio will have to promise that he will pay the money back.3. Yes, I think the Christians and Jews liked each other in Venice.No, I don’ think the Christians and Jews liked each other in Venice.Review Questions1. Shylock is a moneylender who makes people pay interest on their loans.2. Antonio and Shylock did not like each other because one was Christian and the other one was a Jew. Also, Antonio didn’t like Shylock for making people pay interest on their loans.3. If Antonio c ouldn’t repay the loan in three months, he would have to give Shylock one pound of his flesh.Chapter 4Preview Questions1. I think the Prince of Morocco will not be an interesting man.2. Yes, I think Portia will like the prince.No, I don’t think Portia will like the prince.3. Yes, I think the Prince of Morocco will dare to choose a box.No, I d on’t think the Prince of Morocco will dare to choose a box.Review Questions1. The Prince told Portia about his famous battles and bragged about his many victories.2. If the prince chose the wrong box he would not be able to marry Portia or any other woman.3. Yes, the prince will dare to choose a box.Chapter 5Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Shylock would be a good master for his servants.No, I don’t think Shylock would be a good master for his servants.2. I think a son would trick his father if he wanted to get something from him, like money or something of value.3. A servant would leave his master and find a new one if his master is bad and untrustworthy.Review Questions1. Gobbo did not recognize his son, Lancelot, because Gobbo was an old man who was quite blind.2. Lancelot wanted to leave his master, Shylock, because he thought that Shylock was like a devil who didn’t feed him enough food.3. Lancelot wanted to work for Bassanio because he thought that Bassanio was a good master who took care of his servants by giving them plenty of food and beautiful clothes to wear.Chapter 6Preview Questions1. When Bassanio gets the money from Shylock, I think he will travel to Belmont to try to court Portia.2. No, I don’t think Shylock would like his daughter to marry a Christian because she is Jewish.3. If a person acts like a fool, it means they are acting in a childish or silly way.Review Questions1. No, Graziano is not a well-behaved friend. His friends think he acts like a fool sometimes by doing andsaying strange things.2. No, Jessica does not like her father. I know because she wants to run away from him and marry Lorenzo.3. Jessica and Lorenzo keep their love a secret from Shylock because they know he wouldn’t approve of the m being together.Chapter 7Preview Questions1. Yes, I think the Prince of Morocco will choose the right box to marry Portia.No, I don’t think the Prince of Morocco will choose the right box to marry Portia.2. I think he will make his best guess but he won’t know for sure until he opens the box.3. Yes, I think Portia wants him to choose the right box.No, I don’t think Portia wants him to choose the right box.Review Questions1. The P rince didn’t choose the lead box because the lead box was not very beautiful and he didn’t think apicture of Portia could possibly be inside of it.2. The P rince didn’t choose the silver box because the gold box was much more beautiful, an d because thewriting on the gold box seemed to make more sense.3. If the Prince of Morocco was a wise man, he would have chosen the lead box because just as the writing said, he would be taking a risk, and taking a risk is what would win Portia as his wife.Chapter 8Preview Questions1. I think the moneylender is angry because he has discovered that is daughter ran away and took his money and jewels with her.2. I think Shylock will want to take revenge on Antonio and his friends.3. Yes, I think that Antonio’s ships are all safe.No, I don’t think that Antonio’s shi ps are all safe.Review Questions1. No, Shylock did not find his daughter on the ship that was going to Belmont.2. A ship sank in a storm that was between England and France.3. Salerio was anxious about Antonio because he was worried that it was one of Antonio’s ships that sank in the big storm.Chapter 93Preview Questions1. Yes, I think the Prince of Aragon will dare to choose a box.2. Yes, I think Portia will like him.No, I don’t think Portia will like him.3. Yes, I think he will choose the right box.No, I don’t think he will choose the right box.Review Questions1. No, the Prince was not going to tell anyone which box he chose.2. The Prince chose the silver box because he thought that he should get what he deserved.3. There was a picture of a fool inside the silver box with a message that he was too proud and that proud men deserved foolish wives.Chapter 10Preview Questions1. I think the bad news Antonio will hear will be about his ships that are at sea.2. I think Shylock will b e happy when he hears about Antonio’s bad news.3. Yes, I think Shylock will make Antonio give him a pound of flesh.No, I don’t think Shylock will make Antonio give him a pound of flesh.Review Questions1. Jessica was spending Shylock’s money and selling his jewels, which made Shylock very angry.2. Shylock said he would take Antonio’s heart so that Antonio couldn’t take any more of his business away because he would be dead.3. Shylock told Antonio’s friends he would use Antonio’s flesh to go fishing.Chapter 11Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Portia will be happy to see Bassanio.2. Yes, I think Bassanio will choose the right box.No, I don’t think Bassanio will choose the right box.3. I think Bassanio will be worried and will try to help Antonio when he hears of his bad news.Review Questions1. Yes, Portia had met Bassanio before he came to choose a box.2. Bassanio knew that he had chosen the right box because when he opened it, there was a picture of Portiainside.3. Antonio thinks the duke will agree with Shylock because he has to agree with the law or people will nolonger want to do business in Venice.Chapter 12Preview Questions1. I think Portia and Nerissa will try to figure out how to help Bassanio and Graziano while they are in Venice.2. Yes, I think they will be able to help Antonio.3. No, I don’t think Lorenzo and Jessica will go back to Shylock.Review Questions1. Portia said that she and Nerissa would stay in a convent while Bassanio and Graziano were in Venice.2. Portia said that she and Nerissa would see their husbands soon because they were going to go to Venicedisguised as men.3. Portia will appear to be a man by dressing in men’s clothing, wearing a dagger, walking like a man, and talking about battles.Chapter 13Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Shylock will demand his pound of flesh.2. I think Antonio will ask the duke to reconsider the contract, but that he understands it is the law.3. Yes, I think Bassanio and Graziano will reach Venice in time to help their friend.Review Questions1. No, the duke doesn’t like Shylock. I know because he thinks Shylock has no mercy.2. Bassanio offered Shylock two more dollars for every one dollar that Antonio owed Shylock.3. The duke refuses to make a decision until Bellario, the famous wise man, arrives to hear the arguments and help make a decision.Chapter 14Preview Questions1. No, I don’t think Bassanio and Graziano will recognize Portia and Nerissa when they arrive in Venice.2. I think Bellario may be able to s top Shylock from taking one pound of Antonio’s flesh.3. Yes, I think Shylock will show mercy to Antonio.No, I don’t think Shylock will show mercy to Antonio.Review Questions1. Nerissa pretended to be a messenger from Padua and Portia pretended to be Balthasar, a wise young judge.2. Portia stops Shylock from taking his pound of flesh by saying there was nothing in the contract about taking any of Antonio’s blood. Shylock could only take the pound of flesh if he didn’t take any of Antonio’s blood.3. When Shylock dies, his possessions will go to Jessica and Lorenzo.Chapter 15Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Bassanio should pay the young judge for saving Antonio’s life.5No, I don’t think Bassanio should pay the young judge for saving Antonio’s life.2. Yes, I think that Portia will tell Bassanio who she really is.3. As payment for her work, I think Portia will ask for the 30,000 dollars that Antonio owes Shylock.Review Questions1. As payment for her work, Portia asked Bassanio for the ring that she had given him before he left for Venice.2. Bassanio didn’t want to give Portia his ring because he had promised her that he would never lose it, sell it, or give it away.3. In the end, Bassanio gave Portia his ring because Antonio thought that he should give the young judge the ring.Chapter 16Preview Questions1. When Bassanio and Graziano get back to Belmont, I think they will find out what their wives did in Venice.2. Yes, I think Portia and Nerissa will tell the truth about their rings.No, I don’t th ink Portia and Nerissa will tell the truth about their rings.3. Yes, I think this story will have a happy ending.Review Questions1. When they returned to Belmont, Portia and Nerissa asked Bassanio and Graziano why they had given their rings away.2. Antonio felt bad because he was the one who told Bassanio to give his ring to the young judge.3. When Shylock dies, Lorenzo and Jessica will get everything he owns.LEVEL 3 The Merchant of Venice< Summaries >Chapter 1A rich merchant in Venice, called Antonio, was sad and his friends tried to help him be happy again. One of his friends, Bassanio, owed him money and thought he could repay his debt if he could court and marry Portia, a rich young lady in Belmont. He asked Antonio to lend him more money, but Antonio d idn’t have enough. He was expecting his ships to return soon, so he encouraged Bassanio to borrow money from a moneylender, and agreed to guarantee the loan.Chapter 2In Belmont, Portia received a number of suitors who wanted to marry her. She d idn’t like any of them. Before her father died, he made a rule that anyone who wanted to marry her had to choose one of three boxes. If he chose the right box, he could marry her, but if he chose the wrong box, he must never marry anyone. None of her suitors dared to choose a box.Chapter 3Antonio and Bassanio went to Shylock, a Jewish moneylender, to borrow some money from him. Shylockd idn’t like Antonio and didn’t really want to help him or his friend, but decided to lend them money in case he had the chance to hurt Antonio in some way. He made Antonio promise to give one pound of his flesh if he could not repay the money on time. Antonio agreed because he thought that his ships would return in time and he would have enough money by then.Chapter 4The Prince of Morocco came to visit Portia and told her about his wealth and his courage. He told her that he had fought in many battles. He liked her and decided to choose a box. He knew that if he chose the wrong box he would never be able to marry anyone. He wanted to choose a box immediately, but Portia told him they would have dinner first.Chapter 5Shylock’s servant Lancelot was a strange man. He me t his blind father and told him that his son was dead. Gobbo, his father, believed him and Lancelot had to tell him the truth. Lancelot did not like working for Shylock, and wanted to work for Bassanio instead. He persuaded his father to help him, and he got a job with Bassanio.Chapter 6Bassanio decided to have a party when he got the money from Shylock. His friends planned to have a masked parade at the party. One of them, Lorenzo, wa s in love with Shylock’s daughter Jessica, and planned to run away with her on the night of the party. Lancelot took letters from Lorenzo to Jessica and from Jessica to Lorenzo. Bassanio invited Shylock to come to the party and Shylock accepted, although he was worried that7something would go wrong that night. He told Jessica to lock the doors and not let anyone into the house. Jessica took some money and jewels and ran away with Lorenzo. The party ended early because the wind had changed and the ship to Belmont was leaving earlier than expected. Bassanio and Graziano sailed to Belmont.Chapter 7The Prince of Morocco looked at the three boxes. One was made of gold, another of silver and the third of lead. Each of them had some writing on it to help him choose the right one. He chose the gold box because it was the best-looking box. Inside the box was a dead animal and some writing. It said that you should not trust in outward appearance. It was the wrong box, and he went away sad.Chapter 8Shylock was very angry because his daughter had run away with a Chrisitan, and because she had stolen his money and jewels. Antonio’s friends reali zed that he would take revenge on Antonio if he could. A ship sank in a storm near England. Salerio hoped that it was not one of Antonio’s ships.Chapter 9The Prince of Aragon visited Portia and decided to choose a box. He looked carefully at the boxes and read the writing on each one. He chose the silver box, because the writing said that he would get what he deserved. He thought that he deserved Portia, but he d idn’t. It was the wrong box, and he went away disappointed.Chapter 10Antonio’s ships were all sinking and he had no money to repay Shylock. Shylock was very angry because Jessica was wasting the money she had stolen from him. When he heard Antonio’s bad news, he was happy, because now he could take Antonio’s flesh. He th ought that Antonio hated him because he was a Jew, and he told his friends that Jews were people just like Christians.Chapter 11Bassanio visited Portia and they fell in love. Graziano fell in love with Neri ssa, Portia’s maid. Bassanio ch ose the right box, but when he heard that all of Antonio’s s hips had been lost and that Shylock was demanding his pound of flesh, he hurried back to Venice with Graziano.Chapter 12Portia told Lorenzo and Jessica that she and Nerissa would stay in a convent until Bassanio and Graziano returned from Venice. Instead of this, Portia and Nerissa disguised themselves as men and went to Venice. Lancelot was now Bassanio’s servant and ha d to serve Lorenzo and Jessica while they were looking after Portia’s palace.Chapter 13Bassanio and Graziano went with Antonio to see the Duke. The moneylender still insisted that he wanted his pound of flesh. Antonio was sad, but agreed that it was right. Bassanio offered Shylock lots of money but itd idn’t help. Shylock would not change his mind.Chapter 14Portia and Nerissa arrived in Venice disguised as men. Portia pretended she was a judge and listened to the arguments about the pound of flesh that Shylock wanted to take from Antonio. She asked Shylock to show mercy, or to take the money that Bassanio was offering, but Shylock refused. She said that Shylock could take his pound of flesh, and Shylock was very happy. Then she told him that he could not take any blood. If he did, the Duke would take everything he owned. Shylock decided not to take the pound of flesh, but to take the money instead. Portia said that he could not take the money, because he had said that he didn’t want it. Then she told him that he had tried to kill Antonio, and that half of his possessions would go to Antonio, and the other half to the government. In the end Shylock had to become a Christian, and promise to give all his possessions to Lorenzo and Jessica when he died.Chapter 159Portia and Nerissa told Bassanio and Graziano that they had to hurry away. Bassanio offered them some money, but Portia said that she would like the ring on his finger instead. Bassanio did not want to give it to her, but Antonio told him to do it, and he did. Graziano also gave Nerissa the ring she gave him.Chapter 16Bassanio, Graziano, and Antonio went to Belmont. Portia and Nerissa got back before them and asked them why they no longer had the rings. Bassanio and Graziano told them what had happened, but Portia pretended that she didn’t believe them. Then she showed them that she had the rings and told them what happened. Some of the news about An tonio’s ships was wrong and he wa s soon a rich man again. In the end, everyone except Shylock was happy.。
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威尼斯商人阅读练习题集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
文段阅读巴萨尼奥：初次的冒犯，不应该就引为仇恨。
夏洛克：什么！你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？
安东尼奥：请你想一想，你现在跟这个犹太人讲理，就像站在海滩上，叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力，责问豺狼为什么害母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼，或是叫那山上的松柏，在受到天风吹拂的时候，不要摇头摆脑，发出谡谡的声音。
要是你能够叫这个犹太人的心变软——世上还有什么东西比它更硬呢？——那么还有什么难事不可以做到？所以我请你不用再跟他商量什么条件，也不用替我想什么办法，让我爽爽快快受到判决，满足这犹太人的心愿吧。
巴萨尼奥：借了你三千块钱，现在拿六千块钱还你好不好？
夏洛克：即使这六千块钱中间的每一块钱都可以分做六份，每一份都可以变成一块钱，我也不要它们；我只要照约处罚。
公爵：你这样一点没有慈悲之心，将来怎么能够希望人家对你慈悲呢？
夏洛克：我又不干错事，怕什么刑罚？你们买了许多奴隶，把他们当作驴狗骡马一样看待，叫他们做种种卑贱的工作，因为他们是你们出钱买来的。
我可不可以对你们说，让他们自由，叫他们跟你们的子女结婚？为什么他们要在重担之下流着血汗？让他们的床铺得跟你们的床同样柔软，让他们的舌头也尝尝你们所吃的东西吧，你们会回答说：“这些奴隶是我们所有的。
”所以我也可以回答你们：我向他要求的这一磅肉，是我出了很大的代价买来的；它是属于我的，我一定要把它拿到手里。
您要是拒绝了我，那么你们的法律去见鬼吧！威尼斯城的法令等于一纸空文。
我现在等候着判决，请快些回答我，我可不可以拿到这一磅肉？
1、上述文段选自名着《》，作者是国作家。
2、夏洛克说：“你愿意给毒蛇咬两次吗？”中“毒蛇”比喻谁？这句话表达了他怎样的思想感情？
3、安东尼奥认为跟夏洛克讲理“就像站在海滩上，叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力，责问豺狼为什么害母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼，或是叫那山上的松柏，在受到天风吹拂的时候，不要摇头摆脑，发出谡谡的声音。
”试赏析这段台词的语言特点。
4、当巴萨尼奥提出加倍偿还借款的建议时，贪婪、爱财如命的夏洛克为什么反而坚持“照约处罚”呢？
5、当公爵要求夏洛克有“慈悲之心”时，夏洛克是如何回答公爵的责问的？这个回答又表达了夏洛克怎样的情感？
文段阅读
鲍西娅：你这场官司打得倒也奇怪，可是按照威尼斯的法律，你的控诉是可以成立的。
(向安东尼奥)你的生死现在操在他的手里，是不是?
安东尼奥：他是这样说的。
鲍西娅：你承认这借约吗?
安东尼奥：我承认。
鲍西娅：那么犹太人应该慈悲一点。
夏洛克：为什么我应该慈悲一点?把您的理由告诉我。
鲍西娅：慈悲不是出于勉强，它像甘霖一样从天上降下尘世；它不但给幸福于受施的人，也同样给幸福于施与的人；它有超乎一切的无上威力，比皇冠更足以显出一个帝王的高贵：御杖不过象征着俗世的威权，使人民对于君上的尊严凛然生畏；慈悲的力量却高于权力之上，它深藏在帝王的内心，是一种上帝的德行，执法的人倘能把慈悲调剂着公道，人间的权力就和上帝的神力没有差别。
所以，犹太人，虽然你所要求的是公道，可是请你想一想，要是真的按照公道执行起赏罚来，谁也没有死后得救的希望；我们既然祈祷着上帝的慈悲，就应该按照祈祷的指点，自己做一些慈悲的事。
我说了这一番话，为的是希望你能够从你的法律的立场上作几分让步；可是如果你坚持着原来的要求，那么威尼斯的法庭是执法无私的，只好把那商人宣判定罪了。
夏洛克：我自己做的事，我自己当!我只要求法律允许我照约执行处罚。
1、鲍西娅对夏洛克抱有希望吗?她为什么要这样做?
2、鲍西娅劝夏洛克发慈悲，指的是
3、鲍西娅为什么强调慈悲?因为
4、作者在公爵劝说无效之后又通过鲍西亚来劝说，这对刻画夏洛克有什么作用?
5、联系全文，说说文中划线句的潜台词是什么?
6、说说莎士比亚戏剧冲突的设计对表现戏剧情节的作用。
7、“慈悲不是出于勉强”这段话在语言上有什么特点?
文段参考答案
1、《威尼斯商人》，英，莎士比亚。
2、比喻安东尼奥。
表达了他作为高利贷者对借钱给人从不要利息的商人安东尼奥的极度仇恨，和不顾一切实施报复的决心。
3、大量运用了比喻句，让语言更加生动形象。
安东尼奥连续用三个比喻句来强调突出了夏洛克的残忍之心是无法改变的。
4、因为夏洛克对于安东尼奥抱着久积的仇恨和深刻的反感，他与安东尼奥既有根本的经济利益的冲突，也有民族和宗教矛盾，因此他不惜金钱，不顾一切置对方于死地。
在这场法庭诉讼中又表现为一个偏执、阴险、冷酷、残忍的复仇者。
5、夏洛克用“你们买了许多奴隶，把他们当作驴狗骡马一样看待”作类比，说明自己“拿这一磅肉”的合理性，以其人之道还治其人之身。
表达了他对上层人统治下的奴隶同病相怜和对自己处于被歧视地位的强烈不满和仇恨之情。
文段参考答案
1、不抱希望。
她的目的是欲擒故纵，因为在出场前已掌握全部案情，对处理事情胸有成竹。
2、鲍西亚是希望夏洛克能够从他的法律的立场上作几分让步。
3、鲍西亚认为慈悲就是给幸福于受施的人，也是给幸福于施与的人，它有超乎一切的无上威力，比皇冠更足以显出一个帝王的高贵。
4、这样的描写是为了对夏洛克人性的进行反复揭露，使人们进一步看清他偏执、复仇心重、冷酷无情的本质。
5、暗示夏洛克别后悔。
6、巧妙地进行了戏剧的冲突设计，大开大合，起落有序，使得戏剧情节生动丰富，引人入胜。
7、诗与哲理的结合，含义隽永（言辞、诗文或其他事物意味深长，引人入胜）。