2017上海中考英语完形填空专项复习

考查范围和题型分析
2.动词题。从语境上设计题目来全面考查动词的时态、语 态、非谓语动词、主谓一致等的掌握程度。 3.常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。涉及动词短语、介词短语、 副词短语等的搭配和用法。 4.句法题。涉及简单句、并列句、宾语从句、状语从句、定 语从句等复合句。 5.逻辑分析题。主要考查考生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能 力和语言运用能力。
☆ 3.根据句子结构或固定搭配进行判断
注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、 动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配 等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语 When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention 48 what he or she is speaking…
☆ 1.通过上下文暗示进行判断
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选 择有提示作用的词或句 。
例 1. --- She had got a(n) ( 36 ) and needed a blood transfusion(输血）from her five-year-old brother, who had had the same disease but (37) stayed alive. ( )36. A. accident B. problem C. disease D. trouble
所选题材多样，但都贴近学生的生活实际，具有 趣味性、教育性、思想性；体裁多以记叙文为主，也 有说明文、议论文等。所选短文其难度略低于阅读理 解题的短文。
考查范围和题型分析
近年来，完形填空题单纯考语法的题目 很少，越来越侧重对综合语言应用能力、阅 读理解能力的考查。其中，词汇运用能力的 考查表现为要求考生在一定的语境下表达词 汇的语义、词汇的搭配，特别关注上下文的 行文逻辑和相互照应。 选项的题型主要是以下几种类型： 1.词汇题。这种题型从句子和语境层次上来全 面考查各种词类的意义和用法。
☆ 1.通过上下文暗示进行判断
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选 择有提示作用的词或句 。
例 2. --- No matter when my friends saw him pass by, they would (38), “Hey, deaf and dumb (哑巴)”, ---There were no friends around to shout the usual words of “greeting”. ( )38. A. sing B. run C. shout D. ．做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答 案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局 观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于 单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章 之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
作答时应注意的几个问题
4．每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供 的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其它两项均 为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词 组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则 无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。 5．动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案， 这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。 对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类 似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
解题思路
4．复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。 完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文， 再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答 案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构 是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案 或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。 千万要注意：没有百分之百的把握，这一环节就不 要再改动了。
Skill 5：background knowledge（背景知识）
All over the world people swim for fun. Swimming is enjoyed by people of 32 ages, from the very young to the very old. There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools. 32. A. all C. some
解题思路
3．瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。 动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易 后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案 先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格， 继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。 这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随 着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提 高选择的正确率。
2017中考英语题型
专项训练
完形填空
中考完形填空试题说明
完形填空：共10小题，每小题1分。在 一篇200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，要 求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选 项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、 结构完整。
本部分所需时间约为5-10分钟左右。
命题特点及选材特点
完形填空是一种要求高、综合性强的语言测试题， 以阅读为形式，以上下文为线索，以理解能力、词汇 知识、语法知识、习惯用法以及分析判断能力为解题 基础，是一种较高层次的阅读理解题。
☆ 2.通过 逻辑推理 进行判断
由一个或几个已知的判断（前提），推导出一 个未知的结论的思维过程。 When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little __44__ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class. 44. A. shorter B. longer √ C. earlier D. later
解题总体思路
先完意，后完形
解题思路
1．跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。 先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短 文，获得整体印象，即了解文章的体裁、背景、内 容、结构，以及情节发展的前因后果 ；通读全文时， 尽量避免文章空格的影响，初步搞清文章的大概意 思即可。不要纠缠于一句话、一个空，否则会断取 义，进入误区。 完型填空题所选短文一般无标题，首尾不设空。 首句往往是段落的主题句，从中可以找到重要的信 息：背景知识、时间、地点、人物等。尾句往往是 段落的灵魂，具有总结概括的意义。
48. A. for
B. of
C. with
D. to √
Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配） In the morning, the king went to visit the pond. To his surprise, the pond was only filled with water! What happened? Yes! Everyone had the same idea 48 that man.
Challenge
Yourself
hospital 1.Mr Black is a doctor, he works in the ___________. 2.A nurse not only works in the day, but also works during the_______. night 3.He is rather busy, so he has ____________time to have no / little lunch at home. 4.We have an English test this term, it's very easy, most pass students can _______this test. 5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday, they were but very tired ________happy.
16. A. piano
B. guitar
C. violin √
D. drum
Skill 1：context（上下文） Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of 41 are there in the pool?” …. as big as the pool, there is one basket of water… 41. A. fish B. flowers C. √ water D. apples
Skill 1：context（上下文）
In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _16_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual.
Skill 2：logic（逻辑推理） My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans， so I said．“My 17 ，Mommy．” She said，“No．Many people are deaf... 17. A. √ ears B. eyes C. body D. head