潮流计算-英文文献
潮流计算文献翻译(开题报告)
基于Matlab的电力系统潮流仿真计算（直角坐标）摘要：潮流计算是电力系统的一项重要分析功能，是进行故障计算，继电保护整定，安全分析的必要工具。
结合电力系统的特点，利用 MATLAB语言运行电力系统潮流计算，再结合牛顿—拉夫逊法潮流计算（直角坐标），主要特点是操作简单，软件运行稳定.计算准确，提高了计算速度。
关键词：电力系统潮流计算 MATLAB 牛顿—拉夫逊法潮流计算引言为了提高供电可靠性以及资源利用的综合经济性，把许多分散的各种形式的发电站，通过送电线路和变电所联系起来。
这种由发电机、升压和降压变电所，送电线路以及用电设备有机连接起来的整体，即称为电力系统。
电力系统运行方式管理中，潮流计算是确定电网运行方式的基本出发点；在规划领域，需要进行潮流计算分析验证规划方案的合理性；在实时运行环境，调度员潮流提供了电网在预想操作情况下电网的潮流分布以校验运行可靠性。
在电力系统调度运行的多个领域都涉及到电网潮流计算。
潮流计算是确定电力网络运行状态的基本因素，潮流计算问题是研究电力系统稳态问题的基础和前提。
利用MATLAB语言运行电力系统潮流计算，再结合牛顿—拉夫逊法潮流计算（直角坐标），是一种常规的算法。
1.潮流计算简介电力系统潮流计算也分为离线计算和在线计算两种，前者主要用于系统规划设计和安排系统的运行方式，后者则用于正在运行系统的经常监视及实时控制。
利用电子数字计算机进行电力系统潮流计算从50年代中期就已经开始。
潮流计算曾采用了各种不同的方法，这些方法的发展主要围绕着对潮流计算的一些基本要求进行的。
而牛顿—拉夫逊法潮流计算是最普遍的一种潮流计算法。
2.潮流计算的要求电力系统潮流计算问题在数学上是一组多元非线性方程式求解问题，其解法都离不开迭代。
对潮流计算的要求可以归纳为下面几点：（1）计算方法的可靠性或收敛性；（2）对计算机内存量的要求；（3）计算速度；（4）计算的方便性和灵活性。
由于电力系统结构及参数的一些特点，并且随着电力系统不断扩大，潮流计算的方程式阶数也越来越高，对这样的方程式并不是任何数学方法都能保证给出正确答案的。
潮流计算外文翻译
First, introduction an ideal electrical power system is by the sole constant frequency and the stipulation peak-to-peak value regulated voltage power supply. But in fact, as a result of the recent years along with science's and technology's unceasing development, the high efficiency traded the class equipment and the modulator use, high in the electrical power system presses the nonlinear element which the direct current transmission the application, the massive misalignment load's appearance as well as the power supply system itself existed and so on to cause in the system's voltage waveform distortion to be getting more and more serious, has caused the very big harm to the electrical power system, for example: Causes in the power supply system the part to lose increases, reduces current collector's service life, to disturb the communication system and so on. Serious when even can also cause equipment the damage, automatic control malfunction, relay protection misoperation, thus creates the power cut accident and so on and other questions. So-called " the friend knows other, is undefeated in many battles ", therefore, must realize to the electrical network overtone comprehensive program of public order, must make clear the overtone origin and the electrical network in under the each different movement way the overtone tidal current distributed situation, adopts the corresponding measure limit and the harmonic cancellation, thus changes the friendly power supply system power supply quality and guarantees system's security economy movement.Second, electrical power system overtone's origin in the electrical power system the overtone source is many and varied. Mainly has the following several kinds: in 1, system's each kind of misalignment current collector for example: Trades the class equipment, the modulator, the electrification railroad, the arc furnace, fluorescence the lamp, the domestic electric appliances as well as each kind of electronic energy conservation control device and so on is the electrical power system overtone important source. Even if these equipment supplies its ideal sine wave voltage, it uses the electric current is also non-linear, namely has the harmonic current existence. And these the equipment produces the harmonic current will also po ur into the electrical power system, will cause system each place voltage to have the harmonic component. These equipment's harmony the wave content decided that in its characteristic and the working condition, basically has nothing to do with the electrical power system parameter, may regard as overtone constant flow the source. 2, the power supply system itself exists the nonlinear element is overtone another origin. These nonlinear element mainly has the transformer to stir up the capacitor which, the reactor group the magnetism leg, the alternating and direct convertor station's silicon-controlled rectifier controlling element, the silicon-controlled rectifier control and so on.3rd, like the fluorescent lamp, the domestic electric appliances and so on single capacity is not big, but quantity and spreads very greatly in each place, electric power department with difficulty management current collector. If these equipment's current harmonics content is oversized, will then have the serious influence to the electrical power system, to this kind of equipment's current harmonics content, when manufacture namely should limit in certain quantity scope. 4, the generator send outovertone electric potential. The generator will send out the overtone electric potential at the same time also to have the overtone electric potential production, its overtone electricity the potential will be decided by generator's structure and the working condition, basically will have nothing to do with the external connection impedance. Therefore may regard as overtone constant pressure source , but its value is very small. the three, electrical power system overtone tidal current calculates the so-called electrical power system overtone tidal current computation, is through solution network equation In=YnUn (n=3,5,7 ...... n: Agrees wave number the number. In is the overtone source load pours into electrical network's n subharmonic electric current row vector. Yn is electrical network's n subharmonic conductance. Un is in the electrical network a various nodes bus bar n subharmonic voltage row vector). Obtains in the electrical network various nodes (bus bar) the harmonic voltage, enters to obtain in various legs' harmonic current.When in the electrical power system the existence has the overtone source, this time in the system the contact voltage and the branch current will have the higher harmonic. For the determination harmonic voltage and harmonic current's in power supply system distribution, needed to carry on to the overtone impedance constitution equivalent circuit the tidal current computation, when simultaneously in the rectifier unit power supply system possessed forbearance the part existed, but must act according to various legs overtone impedance the nature and the size, whether there is examined the resonant situation. carries on the overtone tidal current computation, must first determine the electrical network part's overtone impedance. (3.1), electrical network each kind of part's overtone impedance: (1), synchronous generator's overtone impedance the qualified generator's electric potential is the pure sine, does not include the higher harmonic, its generator electric potential only exists in the fundamental wave network. in higher harmonic network, because the generator overtone electric potential is very small, this time the visible generator overtone electric potential is zero. Therefore its and so on the value electric circuit is the junctor end and neutral point overtone reactance .And XGn=nXG1-------------(1) in the formula XG1 is when a fundamental wave generator's zero foreword, the positive sequence or the negative sequence reactance, has this subharmonic foreword characteristic to decide , if needs to take into account the network to lose, regarding the generator, may its impedance angle according to 85 degrees estimates, regarding the transmission line, part's and so on transformer and load equivalent generators, may its impedance angle according to 75 degrees estimates. . (2), transformer's overtone impedance the electrical power system overtone's peak-to-peak value often is elevates along with the frequency weakens, therefore in the fundamental wave tidal current computation high tension line , often neglects transformer's initiation leg and the capacitance between turns particularly. When calculates the harmonic current, only considers transformer's leakage reactance, and thought that recognizes the frequency with the harmonic order to be proportional. Generally, as soon as transformer's equivalent circuit simplifies for links to meet theoriginal vice-mid-side node overtone reactance **** *** is the transformer fundamental wave leakage reactance. under higher harmonic's function, the winding internal kelvin effect and approaches the effect to increase, by no w transformer's resistance harmonic order's square was proportional approximately with the , this time's transformer overtone impedance is: Zn=sqrt(n)RT1+jnXT1-------------------------------(3) And RT1 is the fundamental wave time-variable depressor's resistance. regarding the three-phase winding transformer, may use the star equivalent circuit, on its overtone impedance computation side Fathom. when the overtone source pours into when higher harmonic current three-phase not symmetry, then must figures out the three-phase overtone impedance according to transformer's wiring way and various forewords impedance meter . 3) reactor's overtone impedance , when only takes into account the reactor induction reactance, to the n subharmonic frequency is: XLn=Nxl*UN/sqrt(3)IN 4), transmission line's overtone impedance the transmission line has the uniform distribution parameter electric circuit, passes through the transmission line which change positionss completely to be possible to regard as is three-phase symmetrical. in tidal current computation, usually by lumped parameter PI equivalent circuit expression. Following chart: in takes into account in the distribution characteristic situation, then: ZLn=Znsh(rnl) Yln/2=(chrnl-1)/(Znshrnl) ZN and RN respectively be regarding in this subharmonic when line's wave impedance and propagation constant. Zn=sqrt(Z0n/Y0n) Rn=sqrt(Z0nYon) Z0N and Y0N respectively be this subharmonic when transmission line unit length impedance and conductance five), load overtone impedance .When overtone tidal current computation, the fundamental wave part may pour into power regarding according to the node, but regards as in the overtone network it is the constant impedance, may think that approximately the synthesis load is an equivalent electric motor. Its synthesis load's overtone equivalent resistance value is: ZN=SQRT (N) R1+JNX1 R1, X1 is the fundamental wave equivalent electric motor's negative sequence resistance, the reactance, its value may by this node fundamental wave voltage, power the value obtain after the conversion. the zero foreword electric current will not enter the load generally, thus in zero foreword's higher harmonic network, may neglect shoulders the leg. when after has determined in the electric circuit various electrical element's overtone impedance, may constitute an overtone function equivalent circuit, with the aim of carrying on the computation, under when plan overtone function equivalent circuit should pay attention to the following several characteristics: (1), the overtone function's equivalent circuit, should take the rectifier unit as a center, according to actual wiring constitution, therefore the rectification installs to set regards as the overtone source, but electrical power system's generator is not appears by the energy, but as overtone source loaded impedance part. (2), the circuit element impedance may use the famous value to carry on the computation, may also use the sign Yao value to carry on the computation. When uses famous value carries on the computation, the complete electric circuit should convert to some voltage reference, is advantageous for the analysis and theapplication. (3) in the general computation, part's all resistances may neglect, but when system some part occurs either close parallel or strings together the joint resonance, this time's resistance influence actually cannot neglect. (4), in harmonic current approximate calculation, what determined is the rectifier unit side total harmonic current, according to and so on overtone function the effect electric circuit, can determine various legs harmonic current and the voltage distribution. the 3.2nd, overtone tidal current calculates (3.2.1), not to allow the part network overtone tidal current to calculate (1), symmetrical system's overtone tidal current to calculate in the symmetrical system the three-phase situation to be the same, therefore may calculate according to a situation. when has determined the rectifier unit, no matter what after one side total harmonic current, the union overtone equivalent circuit, may determine in the system network, no matter what a leg's harmonic current distribution. Then again pours into the harmonic current according to the node harmonic voltage and the node relational I=YU (in its , Y is overtone conductance), might determine each place node harmonic voltage. Then may extract the tidal current power. It counts to calculate that the step is as follows: , the basis give the operating condition, by usual tidal current computational method solution fundamental wave tidal current. , according to the overtone source working condition, determined other related parameters and need to calculate harmonic order. , calculates various parts overtone parameter, forms various subharmonics node admittance matrix, and calculates the corresponding overtone net to pour into the electric current. , by type IN=YNUN determined that various nodes the harmonic voltage, and calculates various legs harmonic power. in which, should pay attention has the overtone injection current which the overtone instrumental measurement leaves, its phase angle is opposite in the fundamental current phase angle. Therefore after extracting the fundamental current, must carry on the overtone injection current phase angle the revision. Similarly, the system node's power is the fundamental wave power with agrees sum of the wave power, therefore the fundamental wave pours into the power also to carry on the revision. But the linear load's place fundamental wave pours into the power not to need to revise. (2), the symmetrical system overtone tidal current calculates in the symmetrical system, the three-phase situation is various, moreover mutual influence, must therefore simultaneously carry on three-phase system's idea to calculate. the symmetrical net tidal current's computation may divide into the network various subharmonics network, calculates the fundamental wave network first, after obtaining various nodes fundamental wave the voltage, calculates various overtones tidal current according to it each injection current, then presses this overtone injection current to resolve various subharmonics net to wind the equation, extracts various nodes various subharmonics voltage. (3.2.2), in the rectifier unit power supply system possesses forbearance the part has when the overtone tidal current to calculate , when in the rectifier unit power supply system possesses forbearance the part exists, the capacitor to rectifier unit's phase change process and voltage current wave the shape is influential. Generally under the base frequency, the induction reactance and thecapacitance leg's parameter differs really in a big way in the value, does not send produces the resonance effect, but a rectifier unit's non-sinusoidal return route, may regard as is several different frequencies and oscillation amplitude sine electric potential the comprehensive result which affects separately in the return route, because the induction reactance frequency characteristic and the capacitance frequency characteristic are just opposite, have the possibility subharmonic both value to be close in some under the , have the resonance effect. When besides carries on the normal overtone tidal current computation, but also wants to act according to various legs overtone impedance the nature and the size, whether there is examines the resonance. four, summarize in the electrical power system's overtone appearance, regarding the electrical power system movement is one kind " the pollution ". They reduced systemic voltage the unreliable profile quality, not only has affected electrical power system oneself seriously, moreover also harms the user and the periphery communications system. therefore to the electrical power system overtone's research regarding the improvement electrical energy quality, suppresses with the harmonic cancellation has vital significance .电力系统谐波成因分析及谐波潮流计算一、引言一个理想的电力系统是以单一恒定频率与规定幅值的稳定电压供电的。
电力系统潮流计算的计算机仿真-电气工程及其自动化毕业设计
电力系统潮流计算的计算机仿真-电气工程及其自动化毕业设计毕业设计（论文）材料之二（1）xxx工程大学本科毕业设计（论文）专业：电气工程及其自动化题目：电力系统潮流计算的计算机仿真作者姓名： xxx导师及职称： xxx（讲师）导师所在单位：电气工程学院2015年6 月2日xxx工程大学本科毕业设计（论文）任务书2015 届电气工程学院电气工程及其自动化专业学生姓名： xxxⅠ毕业设计（论文）题目中文：电力系统潮流计算的计算机仿真英文：Computer Analysis of Load Flow Calculation for Power SystemⅡ原始资料（也可以附参考文献）五节点等值电力网络如上图所示。
图中，节点1为平衡节点，其它节点都是PQ 节点，保持006.1.5j U +=为定值，给定各支路阻抗：18.006.02112j Z Z +==，18.006.03113j Z Z +==，12.004.04114j Z Z +==，06.002.05115j Z Z +==，03.001.03223j Z Z +==，24.008.05225j Z Z +==，24.008.04334j Z Z +==，也给定各节点输出功率：2.02.0~1j S --=，15.045.0~2j S +=，05.04.0~3j S +=，1.06.0~4j S +=。
试运用以极坐标表示的牛顿—拉夫逊法计算此五节点等值网络中的潮流分布。
计算精确度要求各节点不平衡量不大于510-。
Ⅲ 毕业设计（论文）任务内容1、课题研究的意义电力系统潮流计算是对复杂电力系统正常和故障条件下稳态运行状态的计算，又是研究电力系统的一项重要分析功能，同时也是进行故障计算、继电保护鉴定、安全分析的工具。
电力系统潮流计算是计算系统动态稳定和静态稳定的基础。
在电力系统规划设计和现有电力系统运行方式的研究中，都需要利用电力系统潮流计算来定量的比较供电方案或运行方式的合理性、可靠性和经济性。
潮流计算-英文文献
外文资料Summary of power flow calculationPower system is calculated on the trend of steady-state operation of the power system as a basis, it's running under the given conditions and determine the entire system wiring in various parts of the power system running: the voltage of the bus, all components of a mid-stream power, The power loss, and so on. Power system planning in the design and operation of the existing power system in the form of research, we need to calculate the trend of using quantitative analysis of comparative power programme or operation mode is reasonable. Reliability and economy. In addition, the power flow calculation is calculated static and dynamic stability of the foundation of stability. So the trend is calculated on the power system of a very important and very basis of calculation. Power flow calculation also divided into offline and online calculation of two terms, the former mainly used for system planning and design and organization of the operation mode, while the latter is running for the system of regular monitoring and real-time control. The use of electronic digital computer to calculate the trend of the power system from the mid-1950s has already begun. Power flow problems in mathematical calculation is a group of diverse non-linear equations to solve the problem, its solution can not be separated from iteration. Therefore, the flow calculation method, it requires first and foremost a reliable convergence, and give the correct answers. As the power system structure and parameters of some of the features, and with the continuous expansion of the power system, the trend of increasing order of the equation, so the formula is not any mathematical method can guarantee is given the correct answer. This calculation of the power system to become a staff continue to seek new and more reliable way of the important factors.Use of digital computers in the power flow problems at the beginning, the general adoption of a node admittance matrix-based successive into the law. The principle of this method is relatively simple to compare the volume of digital computer memory, to the 1950s computer manufacturing level and then the power system theoretical level. However, it is convergence of the poor, when the system large-scale change, the sharp rise in the number of iteration in the calculation of convergence are often not the case iteration. This forced the staff to the power system to calculate impedance matrix-based successive into the law. Impedance method to improve the flow of the convergence of computing, the solution of the admittance system can not solve some of the trend, in the 1960s, access to a wide range of applications, has the power system design. Operational and research has made great contribution. At present, there are stillsome in the power industry units impedance method to calculate the trend. Impedance of the main shortcomings of the occupation of the computer's memory, each iteration of the large amount of calculation. When the system continue to expand, the more prominent of these shortcomings. 16 K memory of a computer in the use of impedance method can only be calculated at 100 following the system, 32 K memory of the computer can only calculate 150 nodes under the system. In this way, many of the power system in order to use impedance method shall not be first on the trend of the system is the streamlining of work. In order to overcome resistance in memory and speed of the shortcomings of the mid-1960s to the development of the impedance matrix-based Block impedance. This approach to a large-scale system divided into several small regional system, the computer only need to store various parts of the system impedance matrix contact line between them and the resistance, not only substantial savings in memory capacity, but also improve the Computing speed.Overcome the shortcomings of the impedance of hungry is another way to use Newton - Raphson method. This is the mathematics of nonlinear equations to solve the typical method, a better convergence. In resolving the issue of power flow calculation, is admittance matrix-based, therefore, as long as we can in the iterative process as much as possible to maintain the formula coefficient matrix sparse, and can greatly improve Newton's Law trend of the efficiency of procedures . Since the mid-1960s, Newton's law in the use of the best order of elimination, the Newton in convergence. Memory requirements. Speed all over the impedance, as the late 1960s after the widespread adoption of the excellent way.Flow calculation flexibility and convenience of the request, the application of digital computers is also a very key issue. In the past for a long time, the power flow calculation relies on the Taiwan exchange. Taiwan simulates the exchange of power systems, computing platforms in the calculation of the trend of the exchange, calculated at any time surveillance systems can run different parts of the state to meet requirements, if they run certain parts of unreasonable, you can make adjustments immediately. In this way, the equivalent of the process on the computing staff lost operating system. Adjustment process is very intuitive, physical concept is very clear. When the use of digital computers to calculate the trend when it lost this visual. To make up for this shortcoming, the trend of the establishment of procedures to the extent possible, in terms of computer calculation in the process of strengthening the process of the computer monitor and control, and to facilitate a variety of modifications and adjustments. Power flow calculation is not a simple calculation, to run it as a form of adjustment may be more precise. In order to get a reasonable run, often need to keep in accordance with the results, modify the original data. In this sense, the trend in the preparation of our program, the ease of use and flexibility must be sufficient attention. Therefore, in addition to the requirements in various ways to modify as muchas possible. Adjustment, we must pay attention to input and output of convenience and flexibility, strengthening human-computer links, so that the calculation of staff to monitor timely and appropriate calculations to control the conduct of calculation .Power flow calculation is a power system analysis of the most basic terms, the complex power system under normal and failure conditions steady-state running the calculation. The trend is calculated to strike a target in the power system to be running the calculation. That is, voltage and power distribution node, to check whether the components of the system overload. Voltage meets all requirements of the distribution and allocation of power is reasonable and the power loss, and so on. Of the existing power system operations and expansion, the new power system planning and design of the power system for static and transient stability of the trend are calculated as the basis. If the trend of the results available on steady-state power system, or estimate the optimal security, such as the trend of the flow calculation method and the model has a direct impact. The actual power system that the main trend of technology adoption Newton - Raphson method.In the management of the operation mode, the trend of power grid operation mode is to determine the basic starting point in planning areas, the need for trend analysis verified the reasonableness of the plan in real-time operating environment, dispatchers, provided the trend of End-expected operating conditions in the power grid To check the trend of operational reliability. In the power system dispatching a number of areas related to the trend of grid computing. Electricity network is to determine the trend of running the basic factors, the trend is steady-state power system on the basis and prerequisite .外文原文翻译电力系统潮流计算综述电力系统潮流计算是研究电力系统稳态运行情况的一种计算，它根据给定的运行条件及系统接线情况确定整个电力系统各部分的运行状态：各母线的电压，各元件中流过的功率，系统的功率损耗等等。
潮流计算总结
潮流计算总结引言潮流计算是电力系统分析中的一项重要技术，用于确定电力系统各节点的电压幅值和相角。
随着电网规模的扩大和电力负荷的增加，潮流计算在电力系统的运行与规划中起到了至关重要的作用。
本文将对潮流计算相关的概念、方法和应用进行总结。
潮流计算的概念潮流计算，又称为电力网络潮流计算，是一种用于计算电力系统的电压幅值和相角的方法。
在潮流计算过程中，需要考虑各种电力设备的物理特性以及电力负荷的消耗。
潮流计算的目的是为了找到使得电网达到平衡和稳定的电压幅值和相角。
潮流计算的方法潮流计算可以通过不同的方法和算法进行，常用的方法包括牛顿-拉夫逊法（Newton-Raphson method）、高斯-赛德尔方法（Gauss-Seidel method）和快速潮流方法（Fast Decoupled Power Flow method）等。
牛顿-拉夫逊法牛顿-拉夫逊法是一种迭代的数学方法，用于求解非线性方程组。
在潮流计算中，通过将电力系统的节点电压幅值和相角作为未知数，建立电力系统的节点潮流方程，然后利用牛顿-拉夫逊法求解节点潮流方程的解。
该方法收敛速度较快，但对于特定的电力系统可能会出现发散的情况。
高斯-赛德尔方法高斯-赛德尔方法也是一种迭代的数学方法，通过不断更新节点电压幅值和相角的估计值，直至满足节点潮流方程的要求。
与牛顿-拉夫逊法相比，高斯-赛德尔方法的收敛速度较慢，但对于特定的电力系统往往能够保持稳定的收敛性。
快速潮流方法快速潮流方法是一种基于快速潮流方程的近似求解方法，该方法通过简化节点潮流方程，提高潮流计算的效率。
快速潮流方法在实际中广泛应用，能够满足大规模电力系统潮流计算的要求。
潮流计算的应用潮流计算在电力系统的运行与规划中具有广泛的应用价值。
网络规划和设计潮流计算可以用于电力系统的网络规划和设计，通过计算不同负荷条件下的电网潮流情况，为电网的扩建和优化提供科学依据。
电力系统运行与控制潮流计算可以用于电力系统的运行与控制，通过实时计算电网潮流情况，判断电力系统的稳定性和安全性，为运行人员提供决策支持。
电气工程外文文献原文与译文应用于独立运行微电网的潮流计算方法
毕业设计（论文）外文文献译文及原文Application of the Power Flow Calculation Method to Islanding Micro GridsY.H. Liu. Z.Q. Wu, S.J Lin, N. P. BrandonAbstract:Most existing power flow calculation methods use a swing bus as a reference node for the whole system Increasingly. new distributed generation resources (DGRs) are being added to the grid. Sometimes, local demand or failure of the grid can result in independent micro-grids forming, which are known as 'islanding' systems Howcver. current DGRs are often limited such that there is no single DGR which can balance the power demand and stabilize the frequency of the micro-grid, meaning that there is no swing bus from which the microgrid can bemanaged. According to existing research. a DGR coupled with a dcdicated cnergy storage .system and suitable control stratcgy (here termed a distributcd generation (DG system) has the ability to adjust its output. This means that a DG system can respond dynamically to grid events. This means that a DG .system can rcspond dynamically to grid events. In this paper. a new power flow calculation method (based on Newton-Raphson power flow solution) with good convergence is proposed that can accommodate the lack of a swing bus in an islanding system. This addresses power flow results and the frequency ofthe whole system. The method proposed is discussed in detail with cxamples of diffcrent DG systems with various adjustment coefficients and load models.The results arc compared with those of a traditional power flow calculation mcthod based around the use of a swing bus. In conclusion, this paper shows that the improved method is more apprpriate for islanding systems with mesh topology and for micro-grid management wihtno swing bus.Index Terms--Distributed Generation; Islanding; Micro Grid; Power Flow Calculation; Power SystemⅠ.NOMENCLATUREA. Indexesi,j numbef of node ;B. Constantsn number of nods of the system;m number of non-power-source nodes in the system;Ai percentage coefficient of constant impedance load in a compound load modeBi percentage coefficient ofconstant current load in a compound load model;Ci percentage coefficient of constant power load in a compound load model;错误！未找到引用源。
电力系统潮流计算不收敛的调整方法
电力系统潮流计算不收敛的调整方法洪峰【摘要】潮流调整是电力系统分析计算的重要内容,潮流计算不收敛调整技术是提高分析计算自动化水平的关键.针对电网由收敛到不收敛的动态过程进行分析,提出表征电网处在不收敛临界点的综合指标,基于该指标,提出潮流不收敛调整新算法.该方法考虑了发电机启停及出力约束条件,避免了调整过程中切除负荷的情况,EPRI 36节点系统和某实际系统算例分析验证了该算法的正确性和有效性.%The power flow adjustment is an important part of the analysis and calculation of power system, and the non-convergence adjustment technology is critical to improve the automation level of the analysis and calculation. The dynamic process of power flow calculation from convergence to non-convergence was analyzed, and the comprehensive index characterized the grid at the non-convergence critical point was put forward. On the basis, a novel adjustment method was proposed in this paper. The generator start-stop and output constraints were taken into account, which avoided the adjustment process to shed load. The simulation results of the EPRI36 node system and an actual power system verified the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.【期刊名称】《电力科学与技术学报》【年(卷),期】2017(032)003【总页数】6页(P57-62)【关键词】电力系统;潮流计算;收敛临界点;潮流调整【作者】洪峰【作者单位】湖南省电力公司建设部,湖南长沙 410004【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TM74由于在实际工作中，出现潮流无解的问题，工作人员很难区分是病态潮流还是潮流无解。
基于MATLABGUIDE的电力系统潮流计算
1潮流计算1．1数学模型假设系统的节点个数为n ，其中第1，2，…，m 号节点为PQ 节点，第m＋1，m＋2，…，n－1号节点为PV 节点，第n 号节点为平衡节点。
在直角坐标下，节点电压V 觶i ＝e i ＋f i ，导纳矩阵Y ij ＝G ij ＋jB ij 。
对节点i 可列写方程：△P i ＝P is －e i nj ＝1Σ（G ij e j －B ij f j ）－f j nj ＝1Σ（G ij f j ＋B ij e j ）＝0i＝1，2，…，n－1△Q i ＝Q is －f i nj ＝1Σ（G ij e j －B ij f j ）－e j nj ＝1Σ（G ij f j ＋B ij e j ）＝0i＝1，2，…，m△V 2i ＝V 2is －V 2i ＝V 2is －（e 2i ＋f 2i ）＝0i＝m＋1，m＋2，…，n－1迭代过程的修正方程式：△W＝－J △V式中△W＝［△P 1，…，△P n－1，△Q 1，…，△Q m ，△V 2m＋1，…，△V 2n－1］T△V＝［△e 1，△e 2，…，△e n－1，△f 1，△f 2，…，△f n－1］TP e ＝鄣△P 1鄣△e 1…鄣△P 1鄣△e n－1………鄣△P n－11…鄣△P n－1n－1鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣P f ＝鄣△P 1鄣△f 1…鄣△P 1鄣△f n－1………鄣△P n－11…鄣△P n－1n－1鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣Q e ＝鄣△Q 1鄣△e 1…鄣△Q 1鄣△e n－1………鄣△Q m 1…鄣△Q m n－1鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣Q f ＝鄣△Q 1鄣△f 1…鄣△Q 1鄣△f n－1………鄣△Q m 1…鄣△Q m n－1鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣V e ＝鄣△V 2m＋1鄣△e 1…鄣△V 2m＋1鄣△e n－1………鄣△V 2n－1鄣△e 1…鄣△V 2n－1鄣△e n－1鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣V f ＝鄣△V 2m＋1鄣△f 1…鄣△V 2m＋1鄣△f n－1………鄣△V 2n－1鄣△f 1…鄣△V 2n－1鄣△f n－1鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣J＝P e P f Q e Q f V e V f 鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣鄣经过对雅可比矩阵改进重新分块，使之更适合于计算机编程。
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外文资料Summary of power flow calculationPower system is calculated on the trend of steady-state operation of the power system as a basis, it's running under the given conditions and determine the entire system wiring in various parts of the power system running: the voltage of the bus, all components of a mid-stream power, The power loss, and so on. Power system planning in the design and operation of the existing power system in the form of research, we need to calculate the trend of using quantitative analysis of comparative power programme or operation mode is reasonable. Reliability and economy. In addition, the power flow calculation is calculated static and dynamic stability of the foundation of stability. So the trend is calculated on the power system of a very important and very basis of calculation. Power flow calculation also divided into offline and online calculation of two terms, the former mainly used for system planning and design and organization of the operation mode, while the latter is running for the system of regular monitoring and real-time control. The use of electronic digital computer to calculate the trend of the power system from the mid-1950s has already begun. Power flow problems in mathematical calculation is a group of diverse non-linear equations to solve the problem, its solution can not be separated from iteration. Therefore, the flow calculation method, it requires first and foremost a reliable convergence, and give the correct answers. As the power system structure and parameters of some of the features, and with the continuous expansion of the power system, the trend of increasing order of the equation, so the formula is not any mathematical method can guarantee is given the correct answer. This calculation of the power system to become a staff continue to seek new and more reliable way of the important factors.Use of digital computers in the power flow problems at the beginning, the general adoption of a node admittance matrix-based successive into the law. The principle of this method is relatively simple to compare the volume of digital computer memory, to the 1950s computer manufacturing level and then the power system theoretical level. However, it is convergence of the poor, when the system large-scale change, the sharp rise in the number of iteration in the calculation of convergence are often not the case iteration. This forced the staff to the power system to calculate impedance matrix-based successive into the law. Impedance method to improve the flow of the convergence of computing, the solution of the admittance system can not solve some of the trend, in the 1960s, access to a wide range of applications, has the power system design. Operational and research has made great contribution. At present, there are stillsome in the power industry units impedance method to calculate the trend. Impedance of the main shortcomings of the occupation of the computer's memory, each iteration of the large amount of calculation. When the system continue to expand, the more prominent of these shortcomings. 16 K memory of a computer in the use of impedance method can only be calculated at 100 following the system, 32 K memory of the computer can only calculate 150 nodes under the system. In this way, many of the power system in order to use impedance method shall not be first on the trend of the system is the streamlining of work. In order to overcome resistance in memory and speed of the shortcomings of the mid-1960s to the development of the impedance matrix-based Block impedance. This approach to a large-scale system divided into several small regional system, the computer only need to store various parts of the system impedance matrix contact line between them and the resistance, not only substantial savings in memory capacity, but also improve the Computing speed.Overcome the shortcomings of the impedance of hungry is another way to use Newton - Raphson method. This is the mathematics of nonlinear equations to solve the typical method, a better convergence. In resolving the issue of power flow calculation, is admittance matrix-based, therefore, as long as we can in the iterative process as much as possible to maintain the formula coefficient matrix sparse, and can greatly improve Newton's Law trend of the efficiency of procedures . Since the mid-1960s, Newton's law in the use of the best order of elimination, the Newton in convergence. Memory requirements. Speed all over the impedance, as the late 1960s after the widespread adoption of the excellent way.Flow calculation flexibility and convenience of the request, the application of digital computers is also a very key issue. In the past for a long time, the power flow calculation relies on the Taiwan exchange. Taiwan simulates the exchange of power systems, computing platforms in the calculation of the trend of the exchange, calculated at any time surveillance systems can run different parts of the state to meet requirements, if they run certain parts of unreasonable, you can make adjustments immediately. In this way, the equivalent of the process on the computing staff lost operating system. Adjustment process is very intuitive, physical concept is very clear. When the use of digital computers to calculate the trend when it lost this visual. To make up for this shortcoming, the trend of the establishment of procedures to the extent possible, in terms of computer calculation in the process of strengthening the process of the computer monitor and control, and to facilitate a variety of modifications and adjustments. Power flow calculation is not a simple calculation, to run it as a form of adjustment may be more precise. In order to get a reasonable run, often need to keep in accordance with the results, modify the original data. In this sense, the trend in the preparation of our program, the ease of use and flexibility must be sufficient attention. Therefore, in addition to the requirements in various ways to modify as muchas possible. Adjustment, we must pay attention to input and output of convenience and flexibility, strengthening human-computer links, so that the calculation of staff to monitor timely and appropriate calculations to control the conduct of calculation .Power flow calculation is a power system analysis of the most basic terms, the complex power system under normal and failure conditions steady-state running the calculation. The trend is calculated to strike a target in the power system to be running the calculation. That is, voltage and power distribution node, to check whether the components of the system overload. Voltage meets all requirements of the distribution and allocation of power is reasonable and the power loss, and so on. Of the existing power system operations and expansion, the new power system planning and design of the power system for static and transient stability of the trend are calculated as the basis. If the trend of the results available on steady-state power system, or estimate the optimal security, such as the trend of the flow calculation method and the model has a direct impact. The actual power system that the main trend of technology adoption Newton - Raphson method.In the management of the operation mode, the trend of power grid operation mode is to determine the basic starting point in planning areas, the need for trend analysis verified the reasonableness of the plan in real-time operating environment, dispatchers, provided the trend of End-expected operating conditions in the power grid To check the trend of operational reliability. In the power system dispatching a number of areas related to the trend of grid computing. Electricity network is to determine the trend of running the basic factors, the trend is steady-state power system on the basis and prerequisite .外文原文翻译电力系统潮流计算综述电力系统潮流计算是研究电力系统稳态运行情况的一种计算，它根据给定的运行条件及系统接线情况确定整个电力系统各部分的运行状态：各母线的电压，各元件中流过的功率，系统的功率损耗等等。