牛津上海版英语七年级上册

年级学生姓名授课教师辅导学科教材版本课题名称课时进度总第（）次课授课时间教学目标掌握现在完成，一般现在时，一般过去时及unit3-4的重点知识重点难点习题练习巩固Unit 3 Friends from other countries重点短语1. most of2. for example3. more than4. c all sb. sth.[来源:学+科+网]5. far away from6. read about7. write to sb.[来源:学科网ZXXK]语法知识1. The words about different countries and people in these countries.不同的国家名称和这些国家的人们的叫法。

Country People Languag eCanada[来源:学&科&网]Canadian(s) EnglishThe USA/ America America n(s) EnglishThe UK/ Britain British EnglishIndia Indian(s) IndianAustralia Australian(s) EnglishJapan[来源:学&科&网]Japanese(s) Japanese[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]2. 用there be句型表示客观存在（就近原则）3.现在完成时（一）含义现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系, 也就是说, 动发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。

e.g. I have lost my wallet. (含义是：现在我没有钱花了。

)Jane has laid the table.(含义是：已可以吃饭了。

)Michael has been ill.(含义是：现在仍然很虚弱。

)He has returned from abroad. (含义是：现在已在此地)（二）结构助动词have /has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have 。

（三）句型1、肯定句：主语+have /has+动词过去分词+其他。

I have studied English for 5 years .2、否定句：主语+have /has+not +动词过去分词+其他。

We haven’t been there .3、一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他？Has he eaten that apple ?4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语+动词过去分词+其他？（四）用法1、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况,常与for, since连用。

I have lived here since 1998.2、现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用, 如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等Have they found the missing child yet?3、现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用George has met that gentleman on several occasions.4、现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如now, up to th s/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等。

Up to the present everything has been successful.5、现在完成时表示现在之前就已完成的动作, 虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续, 但是有一成时的句子，在后面加上for+一段时间，则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性。

e.g. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语)Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, an dying it now.)6、现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作。

e.g. We have had four texts this semester.现在完成时中的时间状语：★already通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，位于行为动词之前, be动词、助动词之后。

有时可放在疑问示惊讶。

例如：We have already cleaned the classroom.Have you finished it already？★yet用于疑问句中表示“已经”；用于否定句中，表示“还(没)”。

例如：—Has he found his watch yet？他还没找到他的表吗？—No, not yet. 是, 还没有。

★ever意为“曾经”，常用于疑问句或否定句中，位于助动词和过去分词之间，表示从过去到目前为止的如：Have you ever been there？你曾经去过那里吗？Nothing has ever happened here. 这里未曾发生过什么事。

★never意为“（曾经）从未、没有”, 是否定副词，在句中位于助动词和过去分词之间。

ever与否定词当于never。

例如：I haven’t ever spoken to her. = I have never spoken to her. 我从未跟她讲过话。

★just意为“刚刚”, 用于现在完成时, 表示行为刚刚过去, 位于助动词与过去分词之间。

e.g. He has just come back from school.他刚从学校回来。

★just now意为“刚才”, 表示过去某时, 用于一般过去时, 位于句首或句尾均可。

e.g. He came from sc w.他刚才从学校回来。

★for 和since的用法及区别。

for 与一段时间连用，since 与时间点连用。

注意：since 后接过去时的时间状语或过去时的句子。

e.g. I have been to Shanghai twice since 1970.I haven’t seen her since she left Shanghai.I saw Ping Ping six years ago. Since I havenever seen her.★have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.短暂性的动词如：come，go，join 等，在完成时态中不能与for,since短语或How long等引起的时间状语连用。

瞬间动词不能直接与for，since 连用，要改变动词为延续性动词。

瞬间动词转换为延续性动词：buy ---- have borrow ---- keep•arrive/ come---- be in /at leave ----away (from)•join----be a member of/be in•die--- be dead get up ---- be up•get married---- be married go there ---- be there•begin/start---- be on stop---- be over•open ---- be open一看时间状语。

如果句中没有表示过去确切时间的状语，常用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一般过去时。

如：I have visited the factory.I visited the factory last year.二看句首有无疑问词。

如果笼统地问人家做过某事了吗（句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但进一步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事时（句首有疑问词）就要用一般过去时。

如：－Have you had your breakfast? －Yes, I have.－When did you have it? －At seven thirty.注意：这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景的。

否则就需要具体情况具体分析。

如：How many words have you learned by heart?How did you learn them by heart?三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词。

如果表示的动作或状态一直延续到现在，最好选用延续性动词，并使用现在完成时；如果是瞬间动词，则用一般过去时。

如：He has been a league member for two months.He joined the Youth League two months ago.现在完成时练习题一、单项选择1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still3、Have you met Mr Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two yearＡ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written5、-Our country ______ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; goodＣ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; studyＣ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. Knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see9、-These farmers have been to the United States .-Really ? When _____ there ?Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they goＣ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone10、-______ you ___ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finishedＣ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish二、句型转换3、The old man _________ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________UNIT 3练习题给出首字母填空，使句子意思通顺。