丹尼尔·笛福简介
笛福简介
笛福简介精选阅读一：丹尼尔·笛福，英国作家。
英国启蒙时期现实主义丰富的小说的奠基人，被誉为英国和欧洲的“小说之父”。
其作品可读性强，他所写的《鲁滨孙漂流记》在当时有很大影响，至今是雅俗共赏的名著。
主要构架为：主人公个人透过发奋，靠智慧和勇敢战胜困难，表现了当时追求冒险，倡导个人奋斗的社会风气。
精选阅读二：丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel?Defoe，1660年－1731年4月24日），英国小说家、新闻记者、小册子作者。
其作品主要为个人透过发奋，靠自我的智慧和勇敢战胜困难。
情节曲折，采用自述方式，可读性强。
并表现了当时追求冒险，倡导个人奋斗的社会风气。
其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》一向闻名于世，鲁宾逊也成为与困难抗争的典型，所以他被视作英国小说的开创者之一。
精选阅读三：于英国首都伦敦,父亲营屠宰业（一说是油烛商），所以转而选取了经商。
他广泛游历，经商也很成功。
在此期间，他成了家，开始了养家糊口的生活。
丹尼尔·笛福他早年经营内衣、烟酒、羊毛织品、制砖业，曾到大陆各国经商。
1684年，笛福与一个酒商的女儿结了婚，得到了女方家价值3700英镑的嫁妆。
他招妻弟和妹夫作合伙人做起了小百货买卖。
此外，还在欧洲范围内做生意，常做酒贸易来增加收入。
但是，他在“喝醉人”的生意中遵循的是清教徒原则，反对买卖当时简直要淹没伦敦的杜松子酒和一般的烈性饮料。
1685年参加蒙茅斯公爵领导反对天主教国王的叛乱；1688年荷兰信奉新教的威廉率军登陆英国，继承英国王位，笛福参加了他的军队。
1692年经商破产，负债达17000镑，以后又屡屡失败，因而不得不用各种方法谋生。
他曾充当政府的秘密情报员，设计过各种开发事业，同时从事写作。
1698年他发表《论开发》，提倡筑公路，办银行，立破产法，设疯人院，办水火保险，征所得税，办女学等。
1701年他发表一首讽刺诗《真正英国人》，认为没有纯种的英国人，反对贵族天主教势力，为外籍的信奉新教的威廉三世辩护。
丹尼尔·笛福简介
丹尼尔·笛福简介百度百科丹尼尔•笛福(1660～1731)，英国小说家，英国启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人，被誉为“英国与欧洲小说之父”。
出生于伦敦。
父亲营屠宰业，信奉不同于国教的长老会。
笛福原姓福，1703年后自称笛福。
他受过中等教育，但没有受过大学古典文学教育。
他一直保持不同于国教信仰的立场，政治上倾向于辉格党。
他在学习当牧师多年后，才发觉自己并不适合宗教生活，因此转而选择了经商。
他广泛游历，经商也很成功。
在此期间，他成了家，开始了养家糊口的生活。
1692年，他的生意失败了，32岁的笛福负债累累，同时还要养活妻子和6个孩子。
由于对政治一直有较浓厚的兴趣，他开始为报社撰写政论文章来谋生。
因为这些文章经常抨击国王和执政党，结果，笛福数次入狱，在监狱里呆了不少年。
由于政论文章只能给他惹麻烦并增加债务，笛福只好转向小说创作。
1719年，年近60岁的笛福发表了第一部小说，后来该小说成为世界上著名的冒险小说之一——《鲁滨孙漂流记》。
250多年后的今天，这部小说仍然脍炙人口。
《鲁滨孙漂流记》给笛福带来了巨大成功并帮他还清了部分债务。
此后，他还陆续写成了《莫尔•弗兰德斯》、《杰克上校》及另外两本写鲁滨逊的小说，但债主总是跟着他追债。
在他生命的最后几年中，笛福体弱多病，无人陪伴，债主不断上门，孩子们也对他撒手不管。
1731年，丹尼尔•笛福去世，终年71岁。
像生活在荒岛上长达28年之久的他的小说主人公鲁滨逊一样，他孤独而又恐慌。
他早年经营内衣、烟酒、羊毛织品、制砖业，曾到大陆各国经商。
1685年参加蒙茅斯公爵领导反对天主教国王的叛乱；1688年荷兰信奉新教的威廉率军登陆英国，继承英国王位，笛福参加了他的军队。
1692年经商破产，负债达17000镑，以后又屡屡失败，因而不得不用各种方法谋生。
他曾充当政府的秘密情报员，设计过各种开发事业，同时从事写作。
1698年他发表《论开发》，提倡筑公路，办银行，立破产法，设疯人院，办水火保险，征所得税，办女学等。
笛福简介文档
笛福简介一、背景介绍笛福（Daniel Defoe）是英国18世纪的一位著名作家和记者。
他是英国文学史上最重要的早期小说家之一，被誉为“小说之父”。
笛福以其描写真实生活和社会问题的作品而闻名，对英国小说发展产生了深远影响。
二、生平经历1. 出生和早年笛福的原名是丹尼尔·福（Daniel Foe），生于1660年在英国伦敦。
他出生在一个富商家庭，家庭环境优越。
他接受了良好的教育，学习了文学、语言和商业等多个领域的知识。
2. 商人生涯笛福在成年后选择了从商，他曾在父亲的经商公司工作，但不幸的是，这个公司后来破产了。
之后，笛福开设了自己的贸易公司，并参与了包括航海贸易在内的多个商业活动。
这段商人生涯为他后来写作提供了丰富的素材和经验。
3. 政治参与除了商界，笛福还积极参与政治活动。
他是一名自由主义者，持有强烈的个人自由和言论自由观念。
他在伦敦市议会担任了几年的职务，并尝试为自由主义和民主价值观发声。
4. 文学事业尽管笛福参与了许多商业和政治活动，但他最著名的贡献还是在文学领域。
他的第一本著作是关于商业的书籍，但并没有获得太大的关注。
然而，他在1719年出版的《鲁滨逊漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）将他推上了文学巅峰。
这本小说讲述了一个男人在荒岛上的生活经历，以及他如何适应并最终成功生活下来的故事。
这本小说至今仍被视为经典之作，影响了后来的许多作家。
此外，笛福还写过其他几部著名的小说，包括《大流行时期的日记》（A Journal of the Plague Year）和《罗克荒》（Moll Flanders）。
这些作品描绘了当时的社会和人性，具有很高的艺术价值和思想深度。
5. 逝世与遗产笛福于1731年去世，享年71岁。
他在文学领域的贡献被广泛认可，并对后世的文学发展产生了深远的影响。
他的作品被翻译成多种语言，并广泛传播至世界各地。
三、对文学的影响作为小说之父，笛福对英国小说的发展做出了重要贡献。
丹尼尔笛福作家传记
丹尼尔·笛福——用一生创作一个冒险传奇我试着从最后墓碑的部分开始讲，墓碑上是这样写的——“丹尼尔•笛福：《鲁滨逊漂流记》的作者”。
墓碑上刻着此人一生的最值得一书的事情并且通过此事倒推后题词此人的一生都奉献给了这个事。
当然，本篇叙述的对象丹尼尔•笛福，并不仅仅将一生都奉献给了写出《鲁滨逊漂流记》这个事，或许至少如下所述，看来也算是潇潇洒洒地在世走一遭了。
1660年5月6日，丹尼尔·笛福出生在英国伦敦，1731年4月24日，这位传奇人物在自己的公寓中安然离世。
丹尼尔·笛福原名叫作丹尼尔·福，后来在自己的姓前面加上听起来如同贵族的“de”的前缀，形成笛福（Defoe）这一笔名。
虽然他不是贵族，但是笛福花钱买了一个盾形的纹章，虚造了一份家谱，谨以此来表明他出身于贵族。
丹尼尔·笛福的父亲詹姆士·福并不认为自己有任何的贵族血统，但他还是以“英国中产阶级的传统方式”来教育笛福以及他的兄弟姐妹。
同时笛福的父亲并不信奉英国国教，这种不满现状的精神也深深的影响到了少年的笛福，从小他就被熏陶成一个不安份的漂泊者，一个对生活具有观察力的评论家。
笛福出身于一个长老会派家庭，笛福的父亲詹姆斯·福从事屠宰业，双亲都是长老会教徒，不信仰英国国教，笛福自己也在长老会的学校里接受中等教育，但没有上过大学。
处于平民阶层的上层。
在大清洗中，他的家庭也追随其牧师脱离圣公会。
父母本打算将他培养成一位长老会牧师，他却投身商海，从鞋袜商、烟酒进口商，到船舶保险人，未及而立之年就在城里和乡下都拥有房产以及象征身份地位的四轮马车。
出生在一个不信服英国国教的家庭中，笛福对牧师不感兴趣。
于是在他20岁的时候，笛福开始了他的经商生涯。
笛福是一个有才干，有主见，有思想的年轻人，不过可惜的是，他不能把他自己的想法付诸实践。
他劝人晚婚，自己却在24岁的时候就结婚了，娶了一个商人的女儿，随之而来还有3700英镑。
笛福简介英国作家丹尼尔笛福简介
笛福简介-英国作家丹尼尔笛福简介英国作家丹尼尔笛福简介丹尼尔·笛福是英国著名的小说家、新闻记者、小册子作者。
在其作品中充满了积极的个人奋斗的精神，催人奋进。
笛福简介这种精神是当时追求冒险，倡导个人奋斗的社会风气的一个鲜明写照，丹尼尔·笛福最著名的作品是举世闻名的《鲁宾逊漂流记》，鲁滨逊的与困难作斗争的精神成为了一个时代的精神缩影，下面做一下丹尼尔·笛福简介。
丹尼尔·笛福画像丹尼尔·笛福简介：1660年，丹尼尔·笛福出生于英国一个中小资产阶级家庭，父亲经营屠宰业，他受过中等教育，一直保持不同于国教信仰的立场，政治上倾向于辉格党。
曾经学习当牧师，后来选择了经商，曾经经商很成功。
1685年，参加蒙茅斯公爵领导反对天主教国王的叛乱。
1688年，丹尼尔·笛福参加了荷兰信奉新教的威廉的军队。
1692年，他的生意失败了，32岁的笛福负债累累，为了生活开始为报社撰写政论文章，因为这些政论文章笛福数次入狱。
1698年他发表《论开发》，提倡筑公路，办银行，立破产法，设疯人院，办水火保险，征所得税，办女学等。
1701年他发表一首讽刺诗《真正英国人》。
1702年发表政论《消灭不同教派的捷径》，因此受到罚款和入狱六个月的惩罚。
1719年，59岁的笛福发表了第一部小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》，获得了巨大成功，使得其还清了一部分债务，此后，他写成了《摩尔·弗兰德斯》、《杰克上校》及另外两本写鲁滨逊的小说。
1731年，丹尼尔·笛福在穷困潦倒和孤独恐慌中去世。
丹尼尔笛福的作品有哪些丹尼尔·笛福是英国十八世纪著名的小说家、新闻记者、小册子作者，丹尼尔·笛福一生之中写出了大量的作品，曾经多次因为自己的政论文而入狱，为了避免这样的麻烦，也为了能够养家糊口，丹尼尔·笛福开始写小说，他的第一部小说，也是他的成名作《鲁滨逊漂流记》是现在还在畅销的小说。
丹尼尔笛福简介
丹尼尔笛福的成就与荣誉
笛福的成就
• 他是英国文学史上最重要的作家之一，被誉为“英国小说之父” • 他的作品《鲁滨逊漂流记》被誉为英国文学史上最伟大的小说之一 • 他的作品对后世产生了深远的影响，被誉为“文学界的牛顿”
笛福的荣誉
• 他于1703年成为了英国皇家学会的成员 • 他于1719年被授予了“英国皇家历史学会”的会员资格 • 他的名字被镌刻在伦敦的“文学名人堂”中，以纪念他对英国文学的杰出贡献
丹尼尔笛福对欧洲文学的影响
笛福的作品对欧洲文学产生了广泛影响
• 他的作品被翻译成多种语言，成为了欧洲各国读者喜爱的文学作品 • 他的作品对欧洲小说的创作产生了重要影响，启发了许多后来的欧洲作家
笛福对欧洲文学主题的拓展
• 他的作品涉及了探索、冒险、生存等主题，为欧洲文学提供了新的创作灵感 • 他的作品关注人性、道德和社会制度等问题，对欧洲文学的发展产生了深远的影响
丹尼尔笛福对全球文学的影响
笛福的作品对全球文学产生了广泛影响
• 他的作品被翻译成多种语言，成为了全球读者喜爱的文 学作品 • 他的作品对全球小说的创作产生了重要影响，启发了许 多后来的全球作家
笛福对全球文学主题的拓展
• 他的作品涉及了探索、冒险、生存等主题，为全球文学 提供了新的创作灵感 • 他的作品关注人性、道德和社会制度等问题，对全球文 学的发展产生了深远的影响
DOCS SMART CREATE
丹尼尔笛福简介
CREATE TOGETHER
DOCS
01
丹尼尔笛福的生平与背景
丹尼尔笛福的出生地与家庭背景
笛福的成年生活
• 回到英国后，他开始了自己的商业生涯，但并未取得显著的成功 • 他曾几度结婚，共有十个孩子，但其中只有三个孩子活到了成年
丹尼尔笛福德的简介
丹尼尔·笛福德的简介
丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe，1660年5月6日—1731年4月24日），17—18世纪英国作家。
1660年5月6日，出生于伦敦圣盖尔斯街。
1671年，开始在詹姆斯·费希尔牧师在萨里郡的道尔金开办的学校读书。
1674年，开始在主教查尔斯·莫顿在纽温顿格林村主办的学校读书。
1681年，完成第一部作品论著《冥想》。
1683年，开始从事商业活动。
1688年，参加光荣革命。
1695年，被任命为皇家彩票事务负责人。
1697年，出版论著《计划论》。
1701年，出版长诗《地道的英国人》。
1702年，出版论著《对付新教徒最直截了当的办法》。
1703年，创作诗歌《立枷颂》。
1704年，开始独立主办《评论》杂志。
1705年，创作行旅小说《团结》。
1709年，完成历史记录《大不列颠联合王国史》。
1719年，出版长篇小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》。
1720年，完成历史小说《骑士回忆录》《辛格顿船长》《鲁滨逊漂流记的回想》。
1722年，出版小说《摩尔·弗兰德斯》《杰克上校》《大疫年日记》。
1724年，出版小说《罗克萨娜》。
1725年，出版小说《英国商人手册》。
1731年4月24日，逝世于伦敦居所，葬于本希尔公墓。
丹尼尔笛福英文简介
丹尼尔笛福英文简介导读：本文是关于丹尼尔笛福英文简介，希望能帮助到您！丹尼尔·笛福简介Daniel Defoe (1660 ~ 1731), British writer. British Enlightenment era realism rich novels founder, known as the "father of the novel", "the father of British novels" and "the father of the British newspaper" and so on. His works are readable. Believe in protestant William III. His representative "Robinson Crusoe", optimistic and brave Robinson through the efforts, by virtue of wisdom and courage to overcome the difficulties, the performance of the pursuit of adventure, advocate personal struggle of the social atmosphere.丹尼尔·笛福人物生平Daniel Defoe (1660 ~ 1731), British novelist, founder of the British Enlightenment era of realism novels, known as the "father of European novels." Was born in the British capital of London, father camp slaughtering industry (one that is oil candle business), so instead chose to do business. He travel extensively, operating underwear in the early years, tobacco and alcohol, wool fabric, brick industry, went to the mainland business.In 1684, Defoe married a daughter of a wine business, got the woman's home worth 3700 pounds of dowry. He strokes his brother andbrother and brother as a partner to start a small department store trading. In addition, it is still doing business in Europe, often making wine trade to increase revenue. However, he followed the puritan principle in the "drunken" business, against the sale of gin and the usual spirits.In 1685 Defoe attended the rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth against the Catholic kings.In 1688 the Dutch believe in protestant William led his army to land in England, inherited the British throne, Defoe participated in his army.In 1692 he was bankrupt, debt amounted to 17,000 pounds, and later failed, and thus had to use a variety of ways to make a living. He has acted as a secret intelligence officer of the government, designed various development undertakings, and engaged in writing.In 1698 he published "on the development", to promote highway construction, bank, bankruptcy law, set up crazy homes, do water and fire insurance, levy income tax, school and so on.In 1701 he published a satirical poem "real British", that there is no purebred British, against the aristocratic Catholic forces, for the foreign faith in protestant William III defense. This song is printed with version 9.1702 issued a political theory "to eliminate the different sects of the shortcut", with irony, against the national religion oppression of different sects, clever writing, began to be seen isagainst Christians, after being found, by the fine and jail punishment, imprisonment 6 Month, flog three times, but by the people of London as a hero. In the prison he imitated the Greek poet pinarross's song to write a "lie" (1703), satirical law unfairly.In 1704, Daniel Defoe won the "Review" magazine for Whig's party leader Harry, which was supported by Harry's England-Scottish coalition policy. After 11 years he has been between England and Scotland, as Harry and his successor Toli pie Gordorfen secret intelligence officer, to collect public opinion. During this period, he wrote a short term imprisonment, but never terminated for the Whig party in power to collect intelligence, newspaper, write articles.Defoe began writing novels at the age of 59. In 1719 the first novel, "Robinson Crusoe" published, popular, he succeeded in shaping the image of an idealized bourgeois, in the history of European novels is a pioneering work. The same year and published a sequel.1720 and wrote "Robinson's pensive set." Since then, he has written several novels: "Captain Singleton" "Moore Flanders" "Colonel Jack" and so on. In addition, he also wrote a number of biographies, such as "deaf man Campbell", "peter Emperor Ji", several domestic and foreign travel, such as "New Global Travel" "Roberts Captain four travel" and so on. His novel to "Robinson Crusoe" spread the most widely, is considered his masterpiece.It is said that Flute has been associated with 26 magazines, some people call him "the father of modern news reports." His works,including a large number of political books, a total of 250 species, and both are the need to develop the development of the bourgeoisie, write the city middle class interested and concerned about the issue. (1722), written in 1665 London plague, the occurrence of the plague, the spread of the plague, the plague of the plague, the plague of the plague, It caused terror and panic, as well as the number of deaths, the situation of the escape was written as immersive. At that time the French Marseille plague epidemic, causing people's special attention, Defoe's work to meet the public's curiosity on plague.After the "Robinson Crusoe", he wrote some excellent works, including "Moore Flanders" and "Colonel Jack", which were classified as British literary classics."Robinson Crusoe" best-selling prompted him to write "Robinson Crusoe sequel", he let his hero made a global travel, Robinson's most journey is starting from Beijing, across Siberia to Russia Hangeersk. He has not been to China, but in the sequel talked about the time the European people do not know Heilongjiang.Defoe was too comfortable in his later years, and wrote a few books, some creditors have died, he sold a small brick factory with a small amount of money back to other people's debt, still not far from London to purchase A suite. However, he also has ups and downs, and creditors live in harmony, and could not expect a creditor's widow made a new lawsuit, the judicial machine again spin up, he was to avoid the property was confiscated, the housing and property transferto his son The His son is a capable journalist, who wants him or a villain. Defoe wrote: "I put myself in his subordinate position, trust him, entrusted him to other children who have no living security, and he has not even compassionate, tortured the children, tortured himself The unfortunate mother, who lived a very rich life.The flute of the seventies had to hide from the debt, and he had rented rooms in the center of London's old town.On the day of the 1731 day, the London Courier reported that the evening of the evening, the famous Daniel Defoe died in his own apartment in the Canakan Boulevard. The British love to write their own pretense, written cute, witty and brief. Defoe also wrote that he wanted to write on his tombstone: "Daniel Defoe". But they are another consideration, they wrote on his tombstone: "Daniel Defoe:" Robinson Crusoe "author.丹尼尔·笛福人物评价Defoe lives in the period of capitalist development, he belongs to the bourgeoisie, he is the middle class bourgeois spokesperson.Defoe life is most concerned about the development of capitalism, he strongly praised the bourgeoisie, he believes that the core issue of a country's development is the development of trade. "Give us trade is to give us everything", "trade is the world's prosperous life", which is his most fundamental proposition. Because he thought that trade made the manufacturing and maritime industry development, so that people have work, there are clothing to wear, have food,materials and therefore can maintain high prices, and can maintain a high rent, so the upper society also benefit. As long as there are hard-working people to develop trade, any place will flourish. All his economic works and some political works have played this proposition, put forward a number of specific recommendations. Defarge's idea of developing the economy is conducive to the development of the British society, but he enthusiastically supports the colonial system, proposes to seize and operate the colonies, propose ways to expand trade with backward countries, and embrace slaves. All this shows his class limitations.Defoe was so disgusted with the aristocrats who were proud of the door, and he tried to celebrate the bourgeoisie, not the upper class, and criticized the "gentleman" who looked down on "civilians". He said that the ancestor of the people is working. He stressed that businessmen are useful people, and gentlemen change businessmen, businessmen change the gentleman is a reasonable thing, and so on. praised his class, he in the "Rosanna" where there is a paragraph of the most obvious:Baron Robert and my view of the businessman is exactly the same. Baron Robert said - I think he is perfectly correct - an authentic businessman is the best gentleman in the country, both in knowledge, in the ritual or in judgment, the businessman is stronger than many nobles. Once they control the world, although there is no real estate, but also rich than the real estate of the gentleman.Defoe's attitude towards the working people is twofold. He believes that the root of the crime is poor, rich people are not guilty. Moore Flanders and Rohsana are embraced by the glorious path, because of poverty, so he is also sympathetic to the two characters. He advocated the development of industry and commerce to make the people work. But on the other hand, he was the workers working long time, low wages, underage children will work and other brutal exploitation of the phenomenon as a matter of course. This is the employer's point of view.Defoe accepted Locke's political thought, opposes despotism, and advocates civil rights. At that time the British parliament was the upper echelon of politicians fighting infighting places, bribing and all kinds of dirty means of public. Workers, peasants and the petty bourgeoisie are not represented at all. Defoe advocates that the basic right of man is that no one, including the king, the cabinet, and the congress, can not be violated. "The British are neither kings nor slaves of Congress." Defoe advocated freedom of religious belief, although the British did not like France, Spain, as in the religious issue of extreme autocracy, but the religion outside the protestant denominations and Catholic believers are also a variety of restrictions. He is a non-state religion protestant, who is a petty bourgeoisie who demands a political system that is in line with the "revolutionary principle" and demands freedom of belief. Defoe is the spokesman for this faction. He argues that the people should beeducated and advocated for women to be educated.In general, the thought of Defoe was progressive at the time, but the limitations of his thought were great. The bourgeoisie was still a progressive class and still struggled against feudal forces. Conservative aristocrats, landlords do not produce, sit huge rent income, the bourgeoisie organized large-scale industrial and commercial promotion of social development.The petty bourgeoisie, on the one hand, has the same place as the big bourgeoisie, and on the other, with the ruling class big bourgeoisie and aristocrats, and demand more liberal politics. Therefore, Defoe's views on the development of capitalism, against feudal forces, against political undemocratic, and against monopolies are all progressive. But he was subject to the constraints of the times and class prejudice and colonial system and racial discrimination, which is consistent with the big bourgeoisie, is reactionary. To the working people, he is only concerned with making them work and producing wealth, which coincides with the demands of capitalism. Defoe thought on this duality, clearly manifested in his literary works.Defoe is deeply understood by the characters he describes, and he is good at writing individuals to overcome difficulties in an unfavorable environment. His hero is intelligent, energetic, unbelief, believe in "common sense". plot, structure does not fall ax chisel trace. He is particularly good at describing theenvironment, the details of the fidelity, fictional scene written so that people as immersive.Defoe was so disgusted with the aristocrats who were proud of the door, and he tried to celebrate the bourgeoisie, not the upper class, and criticized the "gentleman" who looked down on "civilians". He said that the ancestor of the people is working. He stressed that businessmen are useful people, and gentlemen change businessmen, businessmen change the gentleman is a reasonable thing, and so on. praised his class, he in the "Rosanna" where there is a paragraph of the most obvious:Baron Robert and my view of the businessman is exactly the same. Baron Robert said - I think he is perfectly correct - an authentic businessman is the best gentleman in the country, both in knowledge, in the ritual or in judgment, the businessman is stronger than many nobles. Once they control the world, although there is no real estate, but also rich than the real estate of the gentleman.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
作者简介
丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel·Defoe 1660—1731），英国作家，
新闻记者，小册子作者。
英国启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠
基人，被誉为“小说之父”。
其作品主要为个人通过努力，
靠自己的智慧和勇敢战胜困难为构架。
情节曲折，采用自
述方式，可读性强。
并表现了当时追求冒险，倡导个人奋
斗的社会风气。
其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》闻名于世，鲁
滨逊也成为与困难抗争的典型模范，因此他被视作英国小
说的开创者之一。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》的姊妹篇是《困》，也是笛福所著。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》给笛福带来了巨大成功并帮他还清了部分债务。
此后，他还陆续写成了《莫尔·弗兰德斯》《杰克上校》及另外两本写鲁滨逊的小说，但债主总是跟着他追债。
在他生命的最后几年中，笛福体弱多病，无人陪伴，债主不断上门，孩子们也对他撒手不管。
1731年4月26日，丹尼尔·笛福在悲愤中死去，终年71岁。
作者在全篇中的名言是：害怕危险的心理比危险本身还要可怕一万倍呢。
丹尼尔·笛福的代表作有: 《鲁滨逊漂流记》《辛格尔顿船长》《摩尔·弗兰德斯》《大疫年记事》《枷刑颂》《消灭不同教派的捷径》《法国时事评论》
作品介绍
《鲁滨逊漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）旧译《鲁滨孙漂流记》，是由丹尼尔·笛福59岁时所著的第一部小说，首次出版于1719年4月25日。
这本小说被认为是第一本用英文以日记形式写成的小说，享有英国第一部现实主义长篇小说的头衔，是一部家喻户晓的现实主义回忆录式冒险小说，是18世纪英国著名作家笛福受一个苏格兰水手海上遇险的经历启发用英文以日记形式写成的小说。
笛福在书中塑造了一个勇于面对自然挑战的新型人物——鲁滨逊·克鲁索。
他不屑守成，倾心开拓，三番五次的抛开小康家庭，出海闯天下。
在遭遇海难流落到荒岛上以后，他运用自己的头脑和双手，修建住所，种植粮食，驯养家畜，制造器具，缝纫衣服，把荒岛改造成“世外桃源"。
他在海外冒险多年，经历千辛万苦，终于得到了可观的财富，回到了英国，完成了一个时代的英雄人物的创业历程。
为此，笛福搏得了“英国和欧洲小说之父”的称号。
小说共分为三部分：第一部分写鲁滨逊初出茅庐，最初三次航海的经过及其在巴西经营种植园的情况；第二部分详细描述了主人公流落荒岛，独居28年的种种情景；第三部分简要交代了鲁滨逊回国后的命运及这个海岛未来的发展趋向。