英国文学之丹尼尔笛福——鲁滨孙漂流记 Daniel Defoe and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
读英国作家丹尼尔·笛福小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》心得感悟
读英国作家丹尼尔·笛福小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》心得感悟读英国作家丹尼尔笛福小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》心得感悟最近放假，宅在家里，觉着无聊就读了几本我们这个年纪该读的书，鲁滨逊，这本书不错，正好看了记忆最犹新了主人公鲁宾逊向往航海，他开始了向非洲海岸航行的旅程。
他乘坐的船在南美洲海岸对面一座海岛附近触礁，只有鲁宾逊一个幸存下来。
他急中生智，做了一个木筏将沉船上的粮食、弹药、淡水、衣服工具等搬到岸上去。
为了能长期生存下去，他吃得很节省。
后来，他逐渐开扩了山洞，寻到了野味，还找到了几股清泉，写写笔记，不愁吃喝，生活还过得有滋有味。
此后的24年，他一直在岛上生活。
他在小山另外建成一座房子，名曰夏日别墅。
他还种了玉米、大麦和稻谷，学会了磨面和烤面包。
每天早晚，他阅读从沉船上找到的《圣经》感谢上帝把他从海里救上来，有一天，他发现了野人的踪迹。
凭借他的智慧与本领，他不仅赶跑了野人，还救出了几个俘虏。
他们自得其乐地延续着世外般的生活，鲁宾逊还意外地发现了其中的一个人是自己从小未曾谋面的父亲。
终于有一天，他们借着一艘英国船只回到了阔别35年的家乡。
后来他结婚了，过着知足幸福的生活。
绝岛漂流，鲁宾逊几乎陷入绝境，但他没有被悲观绝望的情绪所压倒，也没有听天由命，坐以待毙，而是发挥自己的全部才智，靠着顽强的毅力和勤劳的双手与大自然作斗争，创造崭新的生活。
鲁宾逊不仅是一个白手起家与自然抗争的劳动者，他更具有无限的勇气和坚韧不拨的实干精神，他的聪明才智和创造热情令我们振撼。
此外，28年滞留荒岛的经历也不能止住他继续冒险奋斗的脚步。
鲁宾逊这种勇于进取冒险精神，体现了当时资产阶级不满足现状，要开拓世界创新未来的雄心壮志和豪迈气魄。
知足常乐，奋斗常乐，到底哪个才是生活的真谛呢?但是，我们都知道，要求仅限于生活必需品的人是最快乐的，而欲望超过这个限度，要求越多，要么所得越多，要么失去越多读英国作家丹尼尔笛福小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》心得感悟春节放假，我读了笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》。
鲁滨孙漂流记英文主要内容
鲁滨孙漂流记英文主要内容《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国作家丹尼尔·笛福的一部长篇小说。
该书首次出版于1719年4月25日。
以下是鲁滨孙漂流记英文主要内容，欢迎阅读。
鲁滨孙漂流记英文主要内容篇1Robinson Crusoe was born into a respectable merchant family, eager to sail, and wanted to see abroad. He went out to London with his father, and went to London to buy some fake beads and toys to do business in Africa.On the fourth voyage, the ship was caught in a storm on the way, and all the shipmates were killed, but Robinson survived and drifted to a lonely island. He used the mast of the sunken ship to make a raft, and again and again brought the food, clothes and guns and ammunition to the shore, and set up his tent on the hill to settle down. Then he used sharpened stakes to fence around the tent and dig in after the tent. He used simple tools to make furniture such as tables, chairs and other furniture, hunting game for food, drinking fresh water in the stream, and passing through the initial difficulties.He began to grow barley and rice on the island, and made his own wooden mortar, pestle, sieve, and flour, and baked rough bread. He captured and domesticated wild goats to breed. He also made pottery and so on, which ensured his life. A "country house" and a farm have been built on the other side of the desert island. Even so, Robinson has not given up on finding a way to leave the island. He cut down a big tree and spent five or six months making it into a canoe, but the boat was too heavy for him to pull down, so he had to abandon it and rebuild a small boat. After living alone on the island for 15 years, Crusoe founda footprint on the shore of the island. Before long, he found traces of human bone and fire, where a group of wild men had held a meat feast. Robinson was amazed. Since then, he has been vigilant, paying more attention to things around him. Until the 24th year, a group of savages came to the island, taking prisoners ready to kill and eat. Robinson found out and rescued one of them. Because it was Friday, Robinson named the rescued prisoner "Friday". After that, "Friday" became Robinson's faithful servant and friend. Next, Robinson rescued a Spanish man and Friday's father with Friday. Soon a British ship anchored near the island, the ship sailor insurgency, three people abandoned on the island, such as the captain and Robinson "Friday" help the captain overpowered the rebellion sailor, regain the ships. He left the sailors on the island, and returned to England with "Friday" and the captain. Robinson has been away from home for 35 years (28 years on the island). He married in England and had three children. After his wife's death, Robinson went out to sea again, on the deserted island where he had lived, and the sailors and spaniards who had stayed on the island had made their home. Crusoe sent some new settlers, gave them the land, and left them with all their daily necessities, and left the island with satisfaction. 鲁滨孙漂流记英文主要内容篇2The era of Defoe's life was the age when British capitalism began to develop on a large scale. In 1702, he was arrested and sentenced to three flails for his publication of "a shortcut to the elimination of different sects", which satirized the government's religious policies. After he got out of prison, he worked as an editor in the newspaper and wrote a number of political and economic pamphlets, and he was arrested three times for his remarks. In 1719, Defoe published his first novel, RobinsonCrusoe.The novel is based on the real experience of Alexander selkirk on a desert island. According to the British magazine reports: in April 1704, self kirk mutiny at sea, the captain left in more than 900 kilometers off the coast of Chile, Juan fernandez islands of massa jie, who is a small island. Four years and four months later, he was rescued by the navigator. At that time, selkirk had forgotten the human language and became a savage. Defoe was inspired by this and conceived the story of Robinson. But in the process of the creation of the novel, Defoe from one to the look and feel of the era of, during the bourgeois rise to adventure and enterprising spirit and the spirit of 18th century colonial shaped Robinson this image.鲁滨孙漂流记英文主要内容篇3It seemed to be such a coincidence that the night after I finished reading The Life And Adventures Of Robinson Crusoe, I was to dine in a restaurant distinctly related to the book itself. This restaurant was no other than the famous American-styled “Friday’s.” The reason for mentioning this restaurant is quite straightforward to all the gentlemen, ladies and children who have read the novel and enjoyed it, which is the fact that this restaurant was, most likely, named after the American Native in Robinson Crusoe, called Friday. This restaurant offers very exceptional service, for instance when the waitresses are asked to order dishes they kneel rather than stand, which, unlike the other restaurants I have been to, makes it easier for the customers to hear them speak. Moreover, Friday’s friendly services to the customers help them to make better choices when ordering dishe s. I remembered when I went to Friday’s last time; the waitress kindly described the items on the menu with precisedetails. It turned out that the combo I initially wanted was designed to be shared among a large group, not to be eaten by one person. I think this restaurant shows many commendable features similar to that of Friday. Friday brought emotional warmth to the people around him with his appealing personality.I think it was this personality that affected Crusoe and made him say that he loved Frida y when Crusoe didn’t express love for his parents, brothers, sisters, or even his wife. “When he espied me, he came running to me, laying himself down again upon the ground, with all the possible signs of an humble, thankful disposition, making many antic gestures to show it…to let me know how he would serve me as long as he lived.” This was what Friday did after Crusoe had rescued him from the two savages chasing him. It was easy for me to see why Crusoe had loved Friday. After sometime, Crusoe and Friday were to rescue Friday’s father. When Friday reunited with his father, the scene was easy to move anyone: “It would have moved anyone to tears to have seen how Friday kissed him, embraced him, hugged him, cried, laughed, halloed, jumped about, danced, sung; and then sung and jumped about again, like a distracted creature. It was a good while before I could make him speak to me.” This is my favourite chapter in the whole book. It is hard to see why Friday is an ex-savage when he can have personalities more praiseworthy than many civilized people, viz. Crusoe himself. “When he (Friday) went to him (Friday’s father), he would sit down by him, open his breast, and hold his father’s head close to his bosom, half an hour together, to nourish it; then he took his arms and ankles, which were numbed and stiff with the binding, and rubbed them with his hands.” Furthermore, Friday’s expression of loyalty in asking Crusoe to kill him ratherthan leave him is more heartfelt than anything Crusoe ever says or does.鲁滨孙漂流记英文主要内容篇4"Lubin sun Crusoe this book you certainly read. It's a story, a man named lubin sun the British people because of russel's a thought out to sea, cause unfortunate flee to a stack of desert island without men; He came to the island settled, how to arrange how life, how does the hunt, and rescued from the savage how captive, and finally how to return to the motherland rescued.One's life experiences many hardships, perhaps we face these difficult, however, and how to solve? Perhaps, your mom and dad will help you to bear, but if you are a impoverished mountainous area child, if you were an exile of people don't pay tuition, do not have enough to eat and wear not warm, even without parents, relatives, friends, how to face? All of all, have made you unprepared, make you the grief-stricken, make you excited, make you disappointed, omniscient. Perhaps you will suffer, worry, hesitation, but we can't despair, must learn to self-reliance, and flames lit from disappointment, as long as strong, new efforts, will be able to overcome the difficulties. Like lubin sun, russel, on the island's, one of his people with strong perseverance tenacious life, and bad environment, fight fierce beast, and by working hard opened up a new life. Of course, if encounter and you are same, we also come to help him. Man is not life, life is lucky not all perfect, not won't make mistakes, but god for we are as fair, but we're going to find, to struggle to create.So, we must learn to upwards in adversity, overcome difficulties, all the way to cut will, to recruit the peak of my career.。
鲁滨逊漂流记的作者
鲁滨逊漂流记的作者丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe）是英国文学史上的一位重要作家，是18世纪初期最重要的英国小说家之一。
笛福生于1660年London，死于1731年，他的作品涵盖了小说、政治、宗教、新闻等各个领域，被认为是英国启蒙时代思想和文化的代表人物之一。
而他最为著名的作品之一，便是《鲁滨逊漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）。
该作品被认为是英国小说的开山之作，并且被翻译成了数十种语言，在全球范围内广受欢迎，成为了世界文学史的经典之作。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》讲述的是一个名叫鲁滨逊·克鲁索（Robinson Crusoe）的年轻人，在一次远航途中遭遇海难，被困在荒岛上，并维持了28年的孤独生活的故事。
在这本小说中，笛福通过叙述主人公的冒险故事，探讨了人的信仰、勇气、决心和适应能力等与人类存在相关的主题。
小说的第一部分主要是讲述主人公在荒岛上的生活，通过鲁滨逊的日记，我们了解到他是如何建造房屋、养殖土豆、驯服动物等生存技能，同时还探讨了他在孤独中度过的精神变化。
笛福通过主人公在孤独和困难中的坚韧和努力来表现了人类的适应能力和坚强的生命力。
同时，这样的描写也让读者对自然世界有了更深刻的认识和了解。
在小说的第二部分中，鲁滨逊回到了文明世界。
但他并没有像预期的那样顺利重返家园，而是在海盗、奴隶贸易等事件中展开的一系列冒险中继续着他的故事。
在这一部分中，笛福描写了人类的黑暗面，如经济压迫、奴隶制度和战争，同时也描写了人的道德选择和对未来的乐观信念。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》被誉为18世纪英国启蒙运动的一部代表作，它强调了个人自由、自由主义、人权观念，阐述了物质文明与精神文明之间的关系。
此外，作者笛福在小说中也对宗教信仰、天启文学、探险精神等问题进行了深刻的探讨。
总之，《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部兼具冒险性质和文化哲学深度的小说，它的精力和魅力在于体现出人能够克服困境和生存下去的强大意志力和完美追求。
《鲁宾逊漂流记》作者简介
《鲁宾逊漂流记》作者简介《鲁宾逊漂流记》作者简介《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国作家丹尼尔·笛福的一部长篇小说。
下面是小编精心整理的《鲁宾逊漂流记》作者简介，欢迎大家分享。
作者简介：丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel·Defoe 1660—1731），英国作家，英国启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人，被誉为“小说之父”。
其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》闻名于世，鲁滨逊也成为与困难抗争的典型模范，因此他被视作英国小说的开创者之一。
在英国１８世纪四大著名小说家中，丹尼尔·笛福是第一个，他所写的《鲁滨孙飘流记》在当时有很大影响，至今是雅俗共赏的名著。
丹尼尔·笛福生于1660年。
1640年，英国资产阶级以暴力取得政权，但是在笛福出生那年，代表封建反动势力的斯图亚特王室又在英国复辟，笛福出生于一个小油烛商人的家庭，属于中下层资产阶级，在政治上反对斯图亚特王室的封建统治。
笛福28岁那年，即1688年，资产阶级又赶走了斯图亚特王室，重新掌了权，他一面经商，一面从事政治活动，写下不少小册子。
因为有的书和演说揭露了当时社会的不合理现象，曾先后三、四次被关进监狱。
59岁时，写成了《鲁滨孙漂流记》。
这部小说是以一件真事为素材写成的。
200多年前，有一个苏格人塞尔柯克在一艘英国海船上当水手。
1704年9月的一天，塞尔柯克因为和船长发生冲突，被遗弃古拉丁美洲的一个荒无人烟的小岛上，塞尔柯克心情很坏，但后来慢慢地习惯了。
他捕山羊做食物，用木头和羊皮盖了两间小房子，拿钉子做针，把破袜子拆开来做线，用来缝东西。
他在荒岛上生活两年四个月，1709年2月12日，一位英国航海家把他救离了海岛，塞尔柯克回到苏格兰后，经常在酒店里向人们讲述他不平凡的经历。
后来，笛福就根据这个故事写成了此书。
继《鲁滨孙漂流记》后，又写了许多小说，比较有名的有：《辛格顿船长》、《杰克上校》、《罗克查娜》、《伦敦大疫记》、《一个骑士的回忆录》等。
丹尼尔·笛福（《鲁滨逊漂流记》创作背景和作者简介
丹尼尔·笛福(《鲁滨逊漂流记》创作背景和作者简介丹尼尔·笛福(《鲁滨逊漂流记》创作背景和作者简介《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国作家丹尼尔·笛福的一部长篇历险小说作品，主要讲述了主人公鲁滨逊·克鲁索（Robinson Crusoe）因出海遭遇灾难，先被海盗攻击，再到种植园，最后漂流到无人小岛，并坚持在岛上生活了28年后，最后回到原来所生活的社会的故事。
下面是小编为你带来的丹尼尔·笛福（《鲁滨逊漂流记》创作背景和作者简介，欢迎阅读。
一、内容简介鲁滨逊·克鲁索出生于一个体面的商人家庭，渴望航海，一心想去海外见识一番。
他瞒着父亲出海，到了伦敦，从那购买了一些假珠子、玩具等到非洲做生意。
第四次航海时，船在途中遇到风暴触礁，船上同伴全部遇难，唯有鲁滨逊幸存，只身漂流到一个荒无人烟的孤岛上。
他用沉船的桅杆做了木筏，一次又一次地把船上的食物、衣服、枪、弹药等运到岸上，并在小山边搭起帐篷定居下来。
接着他用削尖的木桩在帐篷周围围上栅栏，在帐篷后挖洞居住。
他用简单的工具制作桌、椅等家具，猎野味为食，饮溪里的淡水，度过了最初遇到的困难。
他开始在岛上种植大麦和稻子，自制木臼、木杵、筛子，加工面粉，烘出了粗糙的面包。
他捕捉并驯养野山羊，让其繁殖。
他还制作陶器等等，保证了自己的生活需要。
还在荒岛的另一端建了一个“乡间别墅”和一个养殖场。
虽然这样，鲁滨逊一直没有放弃寻找离开孤岛的办法。
他砍倒一棵大树，花了五六个月的时间做成了一只独木舟，但船实在太重，无法拖下海去，只好前功尽弃，重新另造一只小的船。
鲁滨逊在岛上独自生活了15年后，一天，他发现岛边海岸上有一个脚印。
不久，他又发现了人骨和生过火的痕迹，原来外岛的一群野人曾在这里举行过人肉宴。
鲁滨逊惊愕万分。
此后他便一直保持警惕，更加留心周围的事物。
直到第24年，岛上又来了一群野人，带着准备杀死并吃掉的俘虏。
鲁滨逊发现后，救出了其中的一个。
Daniel Defoe&Robinson Crusoe丹尼尔笛福
• This journey ended in a disaster and Crusoe became a slaver. After 2 years of slavery, he was rescued by a captain of Portuguese, with whose help Crusoe became a owner of a plantation in Brazil.
His life:
attended Morton's Academy, a school for Dissenters at Newington Green with the intention of becoming a minister changed his mind and became a hosiery merchant instead.
Brief Introduction
The book is a fictional autobiography of the title character-- a castaway (遇难 的)who spends 28 years on a remote tropical island near Venezuelo, encountering Native Americans, captives and mutineers(叛变者) before being rescued.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Plot Summary
• Crusoe set sail on the sea voyage in 1651, against the wishes of his parents. After a journey, his ship was wrecked in a storm, his lust(欲望) for the sea remained so strong that he set out to sea again.
2018年中考语文名著阅读《鲁滨逊漂流记》试题（含答案）
2018年中考语文名著阅读《鲁滨逊漂流记》试题（含答案）2018年中考语文名著阅读《鲁滨逊漂流记》试题（含答案）一、填空题1．有这么一个真实故事：1704年苏格兰水手塞尔柯克在海上与船长争吵，被船长遗弃在荒岛上，四年后被救回英国。
这一故事引起轰动，也引起作家们的关注。
其中一位叫的作家据此为原型创作了一部小说《》。
2．请按照《鲁滨逊漂流记》的内容,排列下面情节的先后顺序(只填序号)：。
①发现野人②抗争病魔③重返故乡④海上冒险3．他在一座无人荒岛上生活多年后，收得一土人为奴，取名“________”，后来，这一土人成为他的忠实的仆人和朋友。
小说中描写______________________是全书的精华。
在一座无人荒岛上生活年后，因帮助一个船长制服叛变的水手，得以乘船返回自己的祖国，他在成为巨富后派人到岛上继续垦荒,他的名字叫________，这部作品叫《________》。
4．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部成功的_________小说，小说主人公鲁滨逊也因此成为欧洲文学史上的一个著名的文学形象。
鲁滨逊，他敢于冒险，勇于追求自由自在、无拘无束的生活，显示了一个硬汉子的坚毅性格和英雄本色，体现了资产阶级上升时期的创造精神和开拓精神。
他的名字，已经成为 __________家的代名词和千千万万读者心目中的英雄。
5．鲁滨逊在__________买了一块庄园，曾在那儿过了四年安稳的庄园主生活。
6．在荒岛上，鲁滨逊刚开始主要的食物是__________，由于担心弹药用完，他就把他们捉住饲养起来。
7.偶然机会，鲁滨逊抖装饲料的袋子，过了雨天，抖袋子的地方长出了__________ 苗和__________ 苗。
8．鲁滨逊在岛上捉到一只鹦鹉，给它起名叫__________。
9．鲁滨逊在岛上种粮的第一年收获了__________和__________，他把这些粮食碾碎放进自己烧制的瓦罐中烤成__________。
10.鲁滨逊在岛上还用__________制作了一把伞。
浅析丹尼尔、笛福及其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》Analysis of Daniel Defoe and
Analysis of Daniel Defoe and his masterwork Robinson Crusoe1. Introduction of the author and the backgroundDaniel Defoe was born in the late 17th century. After the tremendous events of the 17th century, England entered a period of comparatively peaceful development. In the 18th century, the European broke out industrial revolution. The main contradiction is between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The capitalism was generally established. And the social revolution also affected the literature style and the philosophy domain. England came into the age of enlightenment. People began to fight the survivals of feudalism; at the same time they were prone to accept bourgeois relationships as rightful and reasonable relationships among people.Daniel Defoe was an important novelist in the English literature history. He was born in a small merchant family in London. He ran business in his early years. He was ever been in Spain, German, French, and Italy during this period. He had ever joined in the military of William Three who win the throne after the English bourgeoisie drove Stuart kings away in 1688. In 1692, Defoe’s business went bankrupt. He had to change his profession. After he took part in his writing career, he was good at writing political essays and ironic poetry to fight against feudalism. He ever wrote essays to satirize the church. And he was punished by the government to the jail for 6 months. Defoe’s life was full of abundant experiences. He was from a lower bourgeoisie family. He devoted himself to his business, writing, and political movements all his life. However, he was not only a businessman, a writer, and a politician as we have known; he was also a jack-of-all-trade profited from his abundant life experience. His life was also full of frustration because of the bankrupted business and a frustrated political life. Defoe began to write novels when he was nearly 60 years old. Robinson Crusoe was an instant success, and Daniel Defoe became famous soon all over the Europe because of it.2. Brief introduction of the Robinson CrusoeIn the Robinson Crusoe, the author told about the adventurous and fantastic experience of Robinson. Robinson was the youngest son in his family. His parents wanted him to live a peaceful and quiet life because both of their elder sons had left them. However, Robinson was a man who loves adventure. His first voyage suffered a storm which made his ship submerged by the sea when he was only 19. But he did n’t give up his dream of exploring. In his following expeditions, he has ever been to Africa, Morocco, and Brazil. During this period, he had accumulated some property. After these perils and adventures, he then determined to explore to Africa again to barter cheap trinkets for gold and procure slaves with his fellows. Unfortunately their ship came across a serious storm on the way to Africa and wrecked off the coast of an uninhabited island. All the sailors were dead except Robinson. He was taken to a desolate island by the storm. From then on, Robinson began his unbelievable life on the island. Robinson had lived on the island for 28 years. During the 28 years, he experienced all kinds of difficulties: the poor living conditions; natural disasters such as earthquake, tsunami, and storm; disease; and unbearable loneliness. There he had to build house, hunt wild animals, plant crops for surviving. And he had to be accustomed to the climate on the island. At the same time, he must learn to how to protect him when the nature disaster and disease came across. Above all, the most difficult to him is to bear the long time loneliness. At first, he kept a diary everyday, until he saved a native who named Friday by Robinson. Finally, Robinson and his servant Friday left the island back to London under the help of a captain who he had ever saved. Robinson lived a normal life in London until many years later. He missed his island so much that he went back to the island he had ever lived for 28 years again.3. Analysis of the novel’s theme and writing techniquesNo matter what kinds of evaluations the critics give, Robinson Crusoe is always a masterpiece which is popular with any class people around the world. There are tworeasons why it is so famous. One is the article’s theme, the other is Defoe broke out the traditional writing style; Robinson Crusoe is one of the important works of the early realistic novels in the English literature history.First, the reason why this work is so famous is because of the novel’s theme: it compliments the spirit of the bourgeoisie. The hero of the novel is not only an ordinary worker, but also a capitalist and a colonist. On one thing, Robinson was born in a middle class family, he represented the ordinary people. His hard working, bravery, and determined mind praised the lower class workers in some degree. That’s why the novel can be so popular even with the sailors, soldiers, merchants, and craftsmen. On the other thing, Robinson was a capitalist. His spirit of adventure and hardworking represented the bourgeoisie. For examples, when he stayed on the island alone, he said to himself that the entire island was owned to him, and when the Friday’s father and some other Spanish came up, he felt he was the monarch of these men and he felt satisfied with his citizens’obedience. Even after he went back to London, he returned to the island to inspect his citizens and rented the lands to the migrants. Robinson showed the capitalists’spirits of adventuring and exploring, pursuing wealth and depriving.Second, the writing skill is also the reason why this work is so famous. Defoe broke out the traditional writing style, he used realistic writing technique. Robinson Crusoe showed realism in three aspects. 1) First of all, this novel was based on the real experiences of Alexander Selkirk, who had been marooned in the island of Juan Fernandez off the coast of Chile and who had had lived here in solitude for five years. Defoe was amazed by his story and he was also very interested in it. So he changed the Alexander’s experiences into an art work. Meanwhile Defoe wrote it in the first person which made the novel more authentic. And it also made the readers not only appreciate the art work, but also sense the hero’s behaviors and ideas in his situation at the same time. 2) Second, there are specific dates and background in the novel which made the novel more realistic. For example, the author began the article with “I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family, though not of that country, my father being a foreigner of Bremen who settled first at Hull. He got agood estate by merchandise and, leaving off his trade, lived afterward at York, from whence he had married my mother, whose relations were Robinson, a very good family in that country, and from whom I was called Robinson Kreutznaer; but by the usual corruption of words in England and we are now called, nay, we called ourselves, and write our name Crusoe, so many companions always called me ”, we can conclude from this paragraph that the author not only told the readers the specific dates, places, but also his family’s history. That made the article not so much as a novel as a biography. 3) Finally, the author was adept in writing the specific details which can also make the novel seem more realistic. For example, when Robinson was trapped into the island, the author wrote specifically the things what Robinson took from the ship which wrecked by the island, such as the food, the wine, the timber, the clothes, the guns. And even the axes and the nails such trifles were also written by Defoe clearly.4. ConclusionDaniel Defoe is one of the most important realistic writers in the English literature. Because of the effects of the enlightenment and the abundance life experiences, Defoe broke out the ancient traditional ideas of literature. In his works, he paid more attention on the daily life of the ordinary people. And that’s one of the reasons why Robinson Crusoe is so important in the literature history. And Robinson is not only the representation of the hardworking capitalism but also the representation of the Roman’s sea culture___ exploring and adventure. The novel is also meaningful in the cultural domain. So there is no doubt that Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe is so popular around the world.《生命列车》The Train Of Life1.不久以前，我读了一本书。
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II OBJECTIVES: A) Introduction to Daniel Defoe and his works B) About Adventures of Robinson Crusoe C) Study of the text 1. The main idea of this part 2. Descriptions in detail D) Brief comment on the novel E) Assignment
Theme
1. celebrate the 18th-century Western civilization’s material triumphs and the strength of human rational will to conquer the natural environment. 2. the bourgeois qualities of individualism an embodiment of the spirit of individual enterprise and colonial expansion of the rising bourgeoisie. 3. a typical 18th-century middle-class tradesman, the very prototype of the empire builder, the pioneer colonist. 4. His success is shown as due to the sturdy qualities in his character, to his own unaided-efforts, to his courage and patience, to his practical skill, and his intelligent persistence. In another sense, Robinson is Everyman struggling to master nature. 5. the epic theme of the average man to preserve life and to organize economy in the face of the most unpromising environment.
Topic 2—Defoe’s works
1. Moll Flanders（1722） the personal history of the titular heroine. the daughter of a woman thief. taken into the home of a mayor. seduced and then deserted. as a prostitute, five marriages. theft. lives in prosperity.
A fictitious biography
Preface of Robinson Crusoe
※If ever the story of any private man's adventures in the world were worth making public, and were acceptable when published, the editor of this account thinks this will be so. ※ The wonders of this man's life exceed all that (he thinks) is to be found extant; the life of one man being scarce capable of a greater variety.
The plot of the novel
1. shipwrecked
and finds himself on an uninhabited
island, 2. build a fortified place, grows barley and rice, domesticates the goats, makes a boat, fights the cannibals and has innumerable mishaps before he is carried home by an English ship.
Daniel Defoe
the founder of the English novel. ● one of the earliest realists, ● a representative of successful man.
●
Topic 1—Introduction to Daniel Defoe and his works
※The story is told with modesty, with seriousness, and with a religious application of events to the uses to which wise men always apply them (viz.) to the instruction of others by this example, and to justify and honor the wisdom of Providence in all the variety of our circumstances, let them happen how they will. ※ The editor believes the thing to be a just history of fact; neither is there any appearance of fiction in it.
3. a strong verisimilitude: the autobiographical form and to describe things and happenings in great detail and use specific time and place. 4. His language is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly vernacular, but never coarse.
4) When his trade was ruined in William’s war with France, he took up writing. (“The True-born Englishmen ” “ The Shortest Way with the Dissenters, ” “ Hymn to the pillory ” , “ The Review”) 5) In May 1703, Defoe was arrested and put in prison, and after his release Defoe redoubled his activities as a journalist and pamphleteer.
Topic 2—About Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
“Robinson Crusoe”(1719), supposedly based on the real adventure of an Alexander Selkirk who once stayed alone on the uninhabited island Juan Fernandez for five years, is, in fact, a work of sheer imagination.
Brief comment on Defoe
liberal mind. advanced in opinion. the Puritan ethic. diligence, self-reliance and fortitude. ready enough to embrace all the people.
About the image of Robinson：
the representative of the bourgeois of the 18th century ， a typical of 18th century middleclass tradesman, the prototype of the true empire builder, the pioneer colonist. the courage and the will to face hardships, and determination to preserve himself and improve on his livelihood by struggling nature. a man with great creativity and working capacity.
Topic 5—Study of the text
1. The main idea of this part
In the first days when Robinson is cast onto the shore of an island， he tries to build himself a dwelling. He first chooses a good site for the building of a shelter on the side for a rising hill, whose front is as steep as a wall so that no wild animals can come down upon him from the top. He then sets up his tent on the little plain in front of the hill and fortifies it with strong stakes so that his new dwelling becomes almost a fortress. He enters and gets out of the fortress by a short ladder. In this fortress he brings all the provisions that he has got from the ship. As his tent is set against the steep side of a hill, he digs into the hillside and makes himself a cave in which he stores some of his more important possessions such as gunpowder. In the intervals of his work, he roams around the island and finds that there are some wild goats on it and he is able to shoot some for food. Here the author presents vividly and realistically how manages to survive on a hazardous strange island that is far from modern civilization.