大学英语(3)B卷

201703批次网上考试大学英语（3）B卷大学英语（3）一、句子翻译（英译汉）(共5 题、0 / 10 分)1、You are too romantic about your futurehusband; such a man does not exist in real life. 你对你未来的丈夫太浪漫了;这样的人在现实生活中是不存在的。

2、Americans usually make plans for theirretirement well in advance.美国人通常提前做好退休计划。

3、If he can combine his ability with hardwork, he should be very successful.如果他能把他的能力与努力结合起来，他就会非常成功。

4、Please pay attention to the car in front ofyou; don’t bump into it.请注意前面的车;不要碰到它。

5、Many retired people take up gardening as ahobby.许多退休的人把园艺当作业余爱好。

二、语法结构题(共10 题、0 / 10 分)1、A series of measures____, people in that area managed to survive the severe famine.A、having takenB、were takenC、having been takenD、have been made2、____ the two, Maiy is____ dancer.A、Of...the more giftedB、Of...more giftedC、In...the more giftedD、In...more gifted3、John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing, and that teaching must____ the curiosity and creativity of children.A、seekB、stimulateC、shapeD、secure4、You should complete in time ______ the teacher has told you to.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、after5、____ the two, Maiy is____ dancer.A、Of...the more giftedB、Of...more giftedC、In...the more giftedD、In...more gifted6、When will those shops oen? I don’t know when ________.A、those shops will openB、will those shops be openC、will those shops openD、those shops are opening7、—I’m taking my driving test tomorrow.— ________!A、CheersB、Good luckC、Come onD、Congratulations8、Please pay twenty dollars for these, the dictionary ________.A、includedB、were includedC、includeD、including9、This is not your shirt, but ________.A、yours brotherB、your brothers’C、your brother’sD、your brother10、My friend Mary is becoming ________ in Chinese food.A、more and less interestedB、more and more interestedC、more and less interestingD、more and more interesting三、完形填空(共 4 题、0 / 20 分)1、Being a solitary individual is traditionally, in American culture, 1 ____ as being an inspirational experience. Writers of 2 ____ and philosophy are great believers 3 ____ the creative benefits of it. 4 ____ individuals also have a very 5 ____ opinion of themselves for having 6 ____ their solitude. These 7 ____ people, as a general 8 ____, have had to find brief periods of 9 ____ outside their own homes 10 ____ their loved ones waited patiently for them to 11 ____. William Wordsworth would 12 ____ good-bye to his sister before 13 ____ to study the flowers, 14 ____, while she 15 ____ the house and prepared dinner for a (l6) 16 ____ of hours. Thoreau is seen as admirable 17 ____ he was livingin the woods all by himself. He had no one to talk to 18 ____ except for numerous daily visitors to his 19 ____ who constantly asked him about his 20 ____ at living without any company to talk to.1、A、received B、conceived C、deceived D、perceived2、A、geometry B、poetry C、poet D、portray3、A、in B、on C、by D、at4、A、As B、Thus C、Such D、This5、A、low B、high C、poor D、rich6、A、bought out B、brought out C、fought out D、sought out7、A、creative B、imaginative C、positive D、effective8、A、part B、role C、rule D、result9、A、solitary B、solitude C、isolate D、attitude10、A、but B、because C、while D、although11、A、run B、turn C、come D、return12、A、wave B、gave C、shave D、have13、A、setting down B、setting by C、setting forward D、setting off14、A、all lone B、all alone C、all lonely D、alone all15、A、tide B、tided C、tidied D、tied16、A、couple B、pair C、few D、several17、A、while B、when C、although D、because18、A、above all B、after all C、at all D、in all19、A、hut B、nut C、hat D、farm20、A、ability B、capability C、nobility D、availability2、Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 1___. As was discussed before, it was not 2___ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 3___, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4___ of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5___ up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 6___ through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 7___ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in a right way. Nevertheless, it is 8___ to do so.It is generally recognized, 9___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 10___ by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 11___ its impact on the media was not immediately 12___. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and the y became “personal” too, as well as institutional, with display becoming 13___ and storage capacity 14___. They were thought of, like people, 15___ generations, with the distance between generations much16___.It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the 17___ within which we now live. The communications revolution has 18___ both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 19___ views about its econo mic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed 20___ “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.1、A、between B、before C、since D、later2、A、after B、by C、during D、until3、A、means B、method C、medium D、measure4、A、process B、company C、light D、form5、A、gathered B、speeded C、worked D、picked6、A、on B、out C、over D、off7、A、of B、for C、beyond D、into8、A、important B、difficult C、honest D、concrete9、A、indeed B、hence C、however D、therefore10、A、brought B、followed C、stimulated. D、characterized11、A、unless B、since C、lest D、although12、A、apparent B、desirable C、negative D、believable13、A、sharper B、darker C、heavier D、higher14、A、decreasing B、increasing C、declining D、flowing15、A、by means of B、in terms of C、with regard to D、in line with16、A、deeper B、fewer C、nearer D、smaller17、A、environment B、distance C、sky D、state18、A、regarded B、impressed C、influenced D、effected19、A、competitive B、controversial C、conditional D、clumsy20、A、above B、upon C、against D、with3、The worst thing is the headlines. I use the underground almost every day and watch the people travel, their heads 1____in the{r newspapers. The headlines today 2____suicide (自杀) bombers and of horrific attacks that they say 3____by members of our community.Something on the journey is 4____. I am not 5____anything that would indicate I am a Muslim. I normally do not 6____it is Friday and I am on my way to prayers. 7____I sense an uneasiness in the carriage. People are 8____. No one is speaking and it must be said that no one is being 9____unfriendly towards me. But I think the 10____I get are different. I am being checked out, sized up. It is all a bit uncomfortable.People are looking around for things and people 11____look suspicious (可疑的).I am doing it a bit 12____and in the coming days, as more claims are made about the people who did this and their aims, that feeling is likely to get 13____. As you look around the 14____, it is difficult to know what people are thinking. Some are 15____thinking “those Muslims come here and look what they do" but they 16____understand we condemn (谴责) this like everyone else.Whoever did this didn't 17____about who was killed or whether they were Christian or Muslim. They just had no respect 18____human life at all. We all travel around London and we use public transport. We have as much fear as anyone else about 19____in something. But in the coming days, everyone is going to have to work together and keep calm. We will look out for each other and that's how we. will 20____this difficulty.1、A、buried B、hung C、hidden D、sunk2、A、tell about B、talk over C、think out D、Speak of3、A、to carry on B、were carried out C、to carry out D、were carried on4、A、different B、difficult C、easy D、interesting5、A、putting on B、dressing C、wearing D、having on6、A、unless B、until C、before D、after7、A、However B、Thus C、But D、And8、A、calm B、noisy C、quiet D、cheerful9、A、in a way B、in one way C、in no way D、in any way10、A、looks B、opinions C、ideas D、experiences11、A、which B、that C、who D、whom12、A、itself B、himself C、myself D、oneself13、A、better B、worse C、more D、less14、A、carriage B、bus C、train D、taxi15、A、surely B、certainly C、probably D、hopefully16、A、have to B、might C、are able to D、may17、A、ask B、hear C、know D、care18、A、with B、of C、for D、to19、A、keeping up B、being caught up C、catching up D、being kept up with20、A、get away B、get off C、get out D、get through4、I still remember it was in the winter of 1990 that, together with the help of my older sister, I 1____ down my wishes for Christmas onto a piece of paper. How I wished on Christmas Eve my grandest wish would be 2____and placed under theChristmas tree — a puppy. When we were done, our wish-lists were collected by our parents with the promise to be 3____to Santa's hard- working helpers. The next day, our parents sat us down in the living-room, with 4____expressions on their faces. As it 5____, they had seen our wishes, now wanting to talk to us about one wish 6____— the puppy. For a moment, I held my breath, but was 7____when they told us that they weren't against a puppy. What they8____against was putting it under the Christmas tree. That was not a good idea. They 9____taught us that an animal was not a gift that belonged to the same 10____as our toys. Animals were creatures with 11____that we should decide to have one, and it would be a(n) 12____to our family. An animal 13____a lot of responsibilities. It wasn’t anything one bought out of a mood. An animal could not be exchanged or 14____when we didn't feel like it. An animal wasn’t a toy. An animal was a 15____family member that needed lots of love and attention. An animal was not a 16____. but a family decision. A serious decision. And a big decision.17____, my parents share my love for animals, so the decision came reasonably 18____ . After our grandparents had given their 19____up for taking care of the dog, while we were on future vacations, the answer was yes. Yes, we would get a puppy.The following days and weeks, there was only one 20____ : our new family member! Yes, a family member, because animals have their rights. They are not simply food or gifts. We humans must attend, love and protect them.1、A、left B、got C、set D、pulled2、A、rejected B、declined C、challenged D、fulfilled3、A、given away B、passed on C、taken on D、put up4、A、dangerous B、curious C、serious D、mysterious5、A、turned out B、taken out C、run out D、held out6、A、in peace B、in order C、in particular D、in return7、A、pardoned B、frightened C、inspired D、relieved8、A、protested B、objected C、opposed D、Resisted9、A、patiently B、hurriedly C、anxiously D、Roughly10、A、arrangement B、routine C、schedule D、category11、A、feelings B、secrets C、stains D、sufferings12、A、convenience B、facility C、extension D、heritage13、A、signed B、meant C、attained D、guaranteed14、A、put forward B、put up C、put aside D、put off15、A、native B、original C、responsible D、precious16、A、riddle B、gift C、servant D、Victim17、A、Negatively B、Ridiculously C、Particularly D、Luckily18、A、difficult B、easy C、contradictory D、concrete19、A、thumbs B、toes C、noses D、eyes20、A、theme B、argument C、prejudice D、topic四、阅读理解(共 6 题、0 / 30 分)1、Prehistoric men and women enjoyed a more varied diet than people do now, since they ate species of plant and several hundreds thousands types of living things. But only a tiny percentage of these were ever domesticated. Modern shops have hastened a trend towards specialization which began in the earliest days of agriculture. The food of the rich countries has become cheaper relative to wages. It is speedily distributed in supermarkets. But the choice annually becomes less and less great. Even individual foods themselves become more standardized. We live in the world of carrot specially blunted in order to avoid making a hole in the bag, and the tomato grown to meet a demand for a standard weight of weighting tomatoes to a kilo. Siri von Reis asks: "Only the three major cereals （谷物类食物）and perhaps ten other widely cultivated species stand between famine and survival for the world's human population and a handful of drug plants has served Western civilization for several thousand years. A rather obvious question arises: Are we missing something?" After all, there are 800 000 species of plant on earth.0、In prehistoric times people____.A、ate much more than we do todayB、lived mainly on plant foodC、had a wide-ranging dietD、were more fussy about what they ate0、Most of us have come to expect____.A、no variation in our dietB、a reduction in food suppliesC、a specialist dietD、food conforming to a set standard0、The specialization of food was started by____.A、the emergence of supermarketsB、the rise of agricultureC、the rich countriesD、the modern shops0、According to the passage, people in the West today survive on____.A、carrots and tomatoesB、several thousand types of plants and cerealsC、a very small number of cultivated foodsD、special species planted one thousand years ago0、The conclusion seems to be that we____.A、could make use of more natural speciesB、don't cultivate the right kind of foodC、produce more food than we needD、cultivate too many different species2、human body is distributed(分布)in two different ways. Some fat people have a large chest and no waistline(腰身), looking rather like apples. Others are fatter below the waist, looking more like pears.Doctors in Cambridge, England have been examining the relationship between health and fat (脂肪)distribution. They find that the pear-shaped fat people have fewer problems than the apple-shaped fat people. What seems to be most important is not how much fat you have but where you have it. The doctors measured the apple-shaped women and pear--shaped women with X-ray scanners(X光扫描器). Human beings have two types of fat:one is outside fat, that is the fat below the skin, and the other is inside fat that lies inside the body. Using the X-ray scanners, the doctors found that the “apples” have a large amount of inside fat.If this inside fat is much more than outside fat, it will probably cause health problems such as obesity(肥胖症). The best treatment for obesity is to reduce the inside fat. But unfortunately diet treatment(饮食疗法) simply makes an apple-shaped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. At the moment there is no effective way of reducing the inside fat.0、According to the relation between health and fatness _____________A、apple-shaped fat people have fewer problems than pear-shaped peopleB、it’s better to be apple-shaped than to be pear-shapedC、it’s better to be pear-shaped than to be apple-shapedD、fatness is the most dangerous enemy to health0、The most important thing about fat people seems to be ___________.A、the amount of fat they haveB、the knowledge of which type of the fat people they belong toC、the amount of the outside fat they haveD、the place where they have the fat0、The basic reason why some people suffer from obesity is that _______.A、they take very little exercise every dayB、they have much more inside fat than is neededC、they are examined by X-ray scanners quite oftenD、they eat too much0、According to what is mentioned in the passage, the best treatment for obesity at present is __________________.A、to reduce the amount of food and drinksB、to make the body shape smallerC、already known to those people in troubleD、still to be found.3、University of Arizona researcher Dr. William Rathji says that after a study based on looking into garbage cans, the average family wastes at least $150 per year in food."Homemakers go out of their way to save pennies at the store and then don't realize that waste of edible (可食用的) foods adds up much more at home," said Dr. Rathji. He was one of about 100 food experts who met in Boise for a conference on food waste and ways to prevent it.American families throw out between 8% and 20% of edible food at a cost of $4.5 billion per year. That's almost as much as the federal government spends every year for food stamps and child nutrition programs.He found that food items which are costly and in short supply tend to be wasted more. During the 1973 meat shortage, meat waste increased to 9%, compared with 3% in 1974 and 1975. Sugar and sugar products waste jumped to 19% in 1975, when sugar prices doubled from the previous year.Dr. Rathji theorizes that high prices force consumers to experiment, sometimes buy in large quantities. In the case of meat, sometimes low-priced cuts for unappetizing varieties are purchased, consumers then tend to waste more. His theory is that the more variety in food bought, the more wasted. Regular bread is wasted at about a 10% rate, but specialty breads and rolls are wasted at a 20% rate.If people are eating the same thing every day, they learn how to manage it. But if you're trying to pull something out of the cookbook every night, that's bound to be some waste.Another finding is that lower income families waste less food than middle and upper income families. And the study found that dog food, which accounts for8% of a shopping cart, is rarely wasted. Fresh produce and frozen items are more likely to be wasted.The study also showed people with the most knowledge of safe, edible food waste the least. Much food is tossed out because a homemaker suspects it is spoiled when it is not.0、Large quantities of food are thrown out because a homemaker____.A、thinks they are not deliciousB、says they taste bitter and hotC、thinks they smell badD、suspects they are spoiled when they are not0、American families throw out between____of edible food every year.A、5%～8%B、8%～10%C、20%～28%D、8%～20%0、When sugar prices doubled, waste of sugar____.A、went downB、went upC、stayed the sameD、was cut in half0、Which of the following statements is true?____A、American housewives are not good homemakers.B、Upper-income families are more wasteful than lower-income ones.C、American families throw away almost as much food as they consume.D、Americans waste a great deal of dog food.0、When do American families waste more food?____A、When prices are high.B、When food is scarce.C、When they think it is spoiled.D、All of the above.4、In the United States, 30 percent of the adult population has a "weight problem". To many people, the cause is obvious: we eat too much. But scientific evidence does little to support this idea. Going back to the America of 1910, we find that people were leaner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn't watch TV.Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people do not eat more on average than thinner people. In fact, some investigations, such as a 1979 study of 3, 545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer people.Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting fact:The more the man ran, the greater loss of body fat.The more they ran, the greater their increase in food intake.Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.0、What kind of physical problem do many adult Americans have?____A、They are too slim.B、They work too hard.C、They are too fat.D、They lost too much body fat.0、Based upon the statistics given in the article, suppose there are 500 adult Americans, about how many of them will have a "weight problem"?____A、30.B、50.C、100.D、150.0、Is there scientific evidence to support that eating too much is the cause of a "weight problem"?____A、Yes, there is plenty of evidence.B、Of course, there is some evidence to show this is true.C、There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.D、We don't know because the information is not given0、In comparison with the adult American population today, the Americans of ____.A、ate more food and had more physical activitiesB、ate less food but had more activitiesC、ate less food and had less physical exerciseD、had more weight problems0、What have modern medical and scientific researches reported to us?____A、Fat people eat less food and are less active.B、Fat people eat more food than slim people and are more active.C、Fat people eat more food than slim people but are less active.D、Thin people run less, but have greater increase in food intake.5、Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor （接任者）to Lawrence Summers .The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvard’s Ra dcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university’s 28th president.“This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard.” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated（献身的) teacher, and a wonderful human being.”Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers’ comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women’s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues(性别问题).Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics.Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania. “Teaching staff turned to her constantly.” said Sheldon Hack ney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. “She’s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she’s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she’s so solid.”0、Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust?A、She is the 28th president of Harvard University.B、She is a famous scholar from the American South.C、She isn’t a graduate from Harvard University.D、She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.0、Lawrence Summers held the view that .A、women cannot achieve as much as men in managementB、women cannot hold important positions in societyC、women can match men in science jobsD、few women make top scientists owing to genes0、Which might be the best title for the passage?A、Harvard named its 1st female president.B、History of Harvard University changed.C、Debates on female equality ended.D、Drew Gilpin Faust, a famous woman historian.0、This passage probably appears in a .A、biographyB、personal letterC、research paperD、newspaper report6、Jessica Alba rebelled(叛离) from her "strict" parents when she was just five. The 29-year-old actress admits her Catholic(天主教) education made her want to "break away" from her mother Catherine and father Mark.She explained: "It's always been weird(古怪的) because I grew up in a very traditional, Catholic household. My parents were very strict but I broke away from that at an early age. I was a feminist（女权主义者）when I was five. These days, I am much more independent but I still respect their beliefs."As Jessica has grown older she has learnt to accept her parents' views, but still considers herself an independent woman.In her latest film 'Machete' Jessica gets to stab(刺) a love rival in the eye with her stiletto heels（鞋后跟）, something she thoroughly enjoyed.She said: "Walking in 3in heels wasn't as much fun as putting one in someone's eye. It was 104 degrees where we were shooting in Texas and they were not comfortable."Jessica - who has a two-year-old daughter Honor with husband Cash Warren - is regularly referred to as one of the world's most beautiful women, but she doesn't think of herself as "sexy".She added in an interview with the Metro newspaper: "I don't really pay attention to that sexy image. It just goes with the character in the movie. At the end of the day, it's all a part of selling a product."0、Jessica Alba called herself feminist because ___.A、she didn’t like living with her parentsB、she was brought up in a very poor familyC、she was often against her parentsD、she refused the training and education during her childhood by her parents0、From this passage we know that ___.A、Jessica is a very cruel woman who enjoys hurting othersB、Jessica acted strangely in her childrenC、Jessica’s parents believe in CatholicD、Jessica rebelled her family because she hated Catholic0、This passage is mainly about ___.A、a rebellious movie star JessicaB、a weird womanC、an interview with a newspaperD、a rebellious heart0、Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?A、Although she is a rebellious woman, she still respects her parents’ beliefsB、She likes her characters in the movieC、She cares more about her sexy image because she is very proud of her beautyD、She got married and has a daughter.五、句子翻译（汉译英）(共10 题、0 / 20 分)1、爸爸现在非常注意他的体重。