初二英语下册第一单元讲义

初二英语下册第一单元讲义

2. I had a cold.我感冒了.

have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼

3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词

stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛

5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地 good enough足够好，

6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied

7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子.Maybe you are right.

may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词.He may be angry.

8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.

sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.

9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；

need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.

need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.

10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车

11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事

12. trouble问题，麻烦；have trouble (in) doing sth. .

13. right away=right now=at once，意为.

14. advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见 give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. advise sb. doing sth .

15. exercise 动词意为锻炼

16. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，不及物动词，……（部位）疼. His leg hurt badly.

17. clean 【动词】清洁 cleaner意为清洁工

18. hit （用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.

hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；

hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位.

19. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；

His grandpa was used to country life.

Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

21. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 物sth. tun out. 某物用尽了. 人sb. run out of物sth..人用尽了某物.He run out of all his money last night.

22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险

23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的

24. decision 【名词】决定；抉择；

25. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.

be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中

26. mind意为意见；介意

二、重要短语

1. have a cold 感冒 8. think about…思考

2. have a stomachache 肚子痛 9. be interested in sth.对某事感兴趣

3. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事10. lose one’s life丧生

4. shout for help 呼救11. save one’s life挽救某人生命

5. expect (sb.) to do sth.期待某人做某事 12. take a risk=take risks冒险

6. to one’s surpr ise使某人惊讶的是 13. cut off切断

7. thanks to …幸亏 14. keep on doing sth.继续做某事

三、重点语法

反身代词【用法】

1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物.

如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.

2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物.

如：She isn’t q uite herself today.

3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气.

如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.

4. 用在某些固定短语当中.

如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己

teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快

help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself摔伤自己

say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下

buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己

【提醒】

1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用. 如：我自己能完成作业.

（误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.

2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式.表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own.

如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画.（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

【练习】

1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.

2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.

3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well.

4. My cat can find food by_________ .

5. Help __________to some beef, boys.（help oneself to:尽情享受）

6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon.

7. We can finish our homework by_________ .

8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music.

9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ?

10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on.

一词汇分类：（Vocabulary） 1. 表示身体各部位的词有：

head 头neck 颈部back 后背leg 腿arm 手hand 手foot 脚nose 鼻子eye 眼睛ear 耳朵mouth 嘴tooth 牙

齿stomach 胃（注意foot的复数形式为feet，tooth的复数形式为teeth）

2. 表示生病或不适的名词有：

a cold感冒headache头痛toothache牙痛stomachache胃痛fever 发烧backache后背痛sore throat 咽部疼痛

3. 表示身体感觉的形容词有：

tired 累的thirsty 口渴的hungry 饿的stressed out 紧张的，有压力

的 4. 医生dentist 牙医