“翻译学导论”期末考试题型及课程复习提纲

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“翻译学导论”期末考试题型及课程复习提纲

考试题型:

I. Match the following translation theorists with their representative works. [10 points, 1 point each]

II. Interpret the following terms. [20 points, 5 points each]

III. Interpret the following concepts. [40 points, 20 points each]

IV. Analyze and comment on the following translated version(s) by applying any translation theory you are familiar with. [30 points]

复习提纲

一、作者和代表作的搭配

1. Roman Jakobson On Linguistic Aspects of Translation (1959)

2. E.A. Nida Toward a Science of Translating (1964)

3. E.A. Nida & Taber The Theory and Practice of Translation (1969)

4. James Holmes The Name and Nature of Translation Studies (1972)

5. George Steiner After Babel (1975)

6. Susan Bassnett Translation Studies (1980)

7. Peter Newmark Approaches to Translation (1981)

8. Wolfram Wilss The Science of Translation (1982)

9. Theo Hermans The Manipulation of Literature (1985)

10. Peter Newmark A Textbook of Translation (1988)

11. Mary Snell-Hornby Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach (1988)

12. Christiane Nord Text Analysis in Translation (1989)

13. Susan Bassnett & AndréLefevere Translation, History and Culture (1990)

14. Andre Lefevere Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Fame (1992)

15. Edwin Gentzler Contemporary Translation Theories (1993)

16. Gideon Toury Descriptive Translation Studies (1995)

17. Lawrence Venuti The Translator’s Invisibility (1995/2008)

18. Christiane Nord Translating as a Purposeful Activity (1997)

19. Luise Von Flotow Translation and Gender (1997)

20. Maria Tymoczko Translation in a Postcolonial Context (1999)

二、解释以下术语

1. word-for-word/literal translation and sense-for-sense/free translation

2. metaphrase, paraphrase, imitation

3. Formal equivalence and dynamic/functional equivlence

4. Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation

5. documentary translation and instrumental translation

6. translational action

7. skopo theory

8. polysystem theory

9. norms

10. equivalence

11. foreignization and domestication

12. translation/translating

13. Prescriptive Translation Studies and Descriptive Translation Studies

三、理解以下观点

1. Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the

source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Nida & Taber, The Theory and Practice of Translation, 1969: 12)

2. 翻译(translating)即解释,具体地说,翻译的过程就是,在跨文化的历史语境中,具有

历史性的译者使自己的视域与源语文本视域互相发生融合而形成新视域,并用浸润着目的语文化的语言符号将新视域重新固定下来形成新文本的过程。(朱健平,2003; 2007)(Translating is interpreting. More specifically, translating is the process in which the translator with his history fuses his horizon with that of the source text in an across-cultural historical context and forms a new horizon, and then he constructs a new text, namely, the target text, by using the newly acquired horizon in the target language soaked with the target culture. )

3. And I did not translate them as an interpreter, but as an orator, keeping the same ideas and forms,

or as one might say, the ‘figures’ of thought, but in language which conforms to our usage.

And in so doing, I did not hold it necessary to render word for word, but I preserved the general style and force of the language. (Cicero, 46 BC/1960:364)

4. Translation is just like the TL taking over the sense of the ST. Translation is like the original

text being marched into the TL like a prisoner by its conqueror. (Jerome, qtd. in Robinson, 1997: 26)

5. You must ask the mother at home, the children in the street, the ordinary man in the market and

look at their mouths, how they speak, and translate that way; then they’ll understand and see that you’r e speaking to them in German. (Martin Luther1530)

6. Dryden reduces all translation to three categories:

1) metaphrase: ‘word by word and line by line’ translation, which corresponds to literal

translation.

2) paraphrase: ‘translation with latitude, where the author is kept in view by the translator,

so as never to be lost, but his words are not so strictly followed as his sense’. This involves changing whole phrases and more or less corresponds to faithful or sense-for-sense translation.

3) imitation:‘Forsaking’ both words and sense. This corresponds to Cowley’s very free

translation and is more or less adaptation. (Dryden, 1680/1992: 17)

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